Internal table and subtotals

Hi,
I want to display report output like below .
how can i bulid the internal table means can i hardcode the field1.
how can i do the subtotals and totals i know the doing subtotals and totals in alv based on some field.
field1                          field2           field3           field4
Revenues
product sales             100               1000           2000
Contract revenue         200               4500          3000
total Renues               300               5500          5000
cost and expenses
Cost of sales               10000           5000          6000
Selling expenses         5000            2000          1000
Research expenses      2000            2000          3000
total expenses             17000           9000          10000
total                             17300          14500         15000
Please help regarding this,
Regards,
Suresh.

check this example
REPORT ZBLOCK_ALV.
CONSTANTS :
c_x VALUE 'X'.
Macro definition
DEFINE m_fieldcat.
ls_fieldcat-fieldname = &1.
ls_fieldcat-ref_tabname = &2.
ls_fieldcat-tabname = &3.
append ls_fieldcat to lt_fieldcat.
END-OF-DEFINITION.
DEFINE m_sort.
ls_sort-fieldname = &1.
ls_sort-up        = c_x.
append ls_sort to lt_sort.
END-OF-DEFINITION.
TYPE-POOLS: slis.                      " ALV Global types
TYPES:
1st Table
BEGIN OF ty_kna1,
    kunnr TYPE kna1-kunnr,             " Customer number
    ernam TYPE kna1-ernam,             " Name of Person who Created
    erdat TYPE kna1-erdat,             " Creation date
    name1 TYPE kna1-name1,             " Name 1                    .
END OF ty_kna1,
2nd Table
BEGIN OF ty_mara,
    matnr TYPE mara-matnr,             " Material number
    ernam TYPE mara-ernam,             " Name of Person who Created
    ersda TYPE mara-ersda,             " Creation date
    mtart TYPE mara-mtart,             " Material type
    matkl TYPE mara-matkl,             " Material group
END OF ty_mara,
3rd Table
BEGIN OF ty_vbak,
    vbeln TYPE vbak-vbeln,             " Sales document
    vkorg TYPE vbak-vkorg,             " Sales organization
    vtweg TYPE vbak-vtweg,             " Distribution channel
    kunnr TYPE vbak-kunnr,             " Sold-to party
    erdat TYPE vbak-erdat,             " Creation date
END OF ty_vbak.
DATA:
gs_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv,
gt_kna1 TYPE TABLE OF ty_kna1,
gt_mara TYPE TABLE OF ty_mara,
gt_vbak TYPE TABLE OF ty_vbak.
SELECTION-SCREEN :
SKIP, BEGIN OF LINE,COMMENT 5(27) v_1 FOR FIELD p_max.    "#EC NEEDED
PARAMETERS p_max(2) TYPE n DEFAULT '02' OBLIGATORY.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF LINE.
INITIALIZATION.
v_1 = 'Maximum of records to read'.
START-OF-SELECTION.
Read data
SELECT kunnr ernam erdat name1
    FROM kna1
   UP TO p_max ROWS
    INTO TABLE gt_kna1.
SELECT matnr ernam ersda mtart matkl
    FROM mara
   UP TO p_max ROWS
    INTO TABLE gt_mara.
SELECT vbeln vkorg vtweg kunnr erdat
    FROM vbak
   UP TO p_max ROWS
    INTO TABLE gt_vbak.
END-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM f_display_data.
      FORM USER_COMMAND                                             *
FORM user_command USING u_ucomm     TYPE sy-ucomm
                        us_selfield TYPE slis_selfield.     "#EC CALLED
DATA:
    ls_vbak TYPE ty_vbak.
CASE u_ucomm.
    WHEN '&IC1'.                       " Pick
      CASE us_selfield-tabname.
        WHEN 'GT_MARA'.
        WHEN 'GT_KNA1'.
        WHEN 'GT_VBAK'.
          READ TABLE gt_vbak INDEX us_selfield-tabindex INTO ls_vbak.
          IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
            SET PARAMETER ID 'AUN' FIELD ls_vbak-vbeln.
            CALL TRANSACTION 'VA03' AND SKIP FIRST SCREEN.
          ENDIF.
      ENDCASE.
ENDCASE.
ENDFORM.                               " USER_COMMAND
      Form f_display_data
FORM f_display_data.
DATA :
    ls_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,
    lt_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv, " Field catalog
    ls_sort     TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv,
    lt_sort     TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv, " Sort table
    lt_events   TYPE slis_t_event,
    ls_event    TYPE slis_alv_event.
gs_layout-group_change_edit = c_x.
gs_layout-colwidth_optimize = c_x.
gs_layout-zebra             = c_x.
gs_layout-detail_popup      = c_x.
gs_layout-get_selinfos      = c_x.
Build field catalog and sort table
m_fieldcat 'KUNNR' 'KNA1' 'GT_KNA1'.
m_fieldcat 'ERNAM' 'KNA1' 'GT_KNA1'.
m_fieldcat 'ERDAT' 'KNA1' 'GT_KNA1'.
m_fieldcat 'NAME1' 'KNA1' 'GT_KNA1'.
m_sort 'KUNNR'.
Build Event Table
MOVE        'TOP_OF_PAGE'        TO ls_event-name.
MOVE        'TOP_OF_PAGE'        TO ls_event-form.
APPEND ls_event TO lt_events.
MOVE        'END_OF_LIST'        TO ls_event-name.
MOVE        'END_OF_LIST'        TO ls_event-form.
APPEND ls_event TO lt_events.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
    EXPORTING
      i_callback_program      = sy-cprog
      i_callback_user_command = 'USER_COMMAND'
      it_fieldcat             = lt_fieldcat
      is_layout               = gs_layout
      it_events               = lt_events
      it_sort                 = lt_sort
      i_save                  = 'A'
    TABLES
      t_outtab                = gt_kna1.
ENDFORM.                               " F_DISPLAY_DATA
      FORM top_of_page                                              *
FORM top_of_page.                                           "#EC CALLED
ULINE.
WRITE : sy-uname, sy-title(56) CENTERED, sy-datum.
ULINE.
ENDFORM.                               " TOP_OF_PAGE
      FORM End_of_list                                              *
FORM end_of_list.                                           "#EC CALLED
DATA :
    ls_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,
    lt_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv, " Field catalog
    ls_sort     TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv,
    lt_sort     TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv, " Sort table
    lt_events   TYPE slis_t_event,
    ls_event    TYPE slis_alv_event.
Build field catalog and sort table
m_fieldcat 'MATNR' 'MARA' 'GT_MARA'.
m_fieldcat 'ERNAM' 'MARA' 'GT_MARA'.
m_fieldcat 'ERSDA' 'MARA' 'GT_MARA'.
m_fieldcat 'MTART' 'MARA' 'GT_MARA'.
m_fieldcat 'MATKL' 'MARA' 'GT_MARA'.
m_sort 'MATNR'.
Build Event Table
MOVE 'END_OF_LIST'   TO ls_event-name.
MOVE 'END_OF_LIST_2' TO ls_event-form.
APPEND ls_event TO lt_events.
gs_layout-list_append = c_x.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
    EXPORTING
      i_callback_program = sy-cprog
      it_fieldcat        = lt_fieldcat
      is_layout          = gs_layout
      it_sort            = lt_sort
      it_events          = lt_events
      i_save             = 'A'
    TABLES
      t_outtab           = gt_mara.
ENDFORM.                               " END_OF_LIST
      FORM End_of_list_2                                            *
FORM end_of_list_2.                                         "#EC CALLED
DATA :
    ls_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,
    lt_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv, " Field catalog
    ls_sort     TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv,
    lt_sort     TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv, " Sort table
    lt_events   TYPE slis_t_event,
    ls_event    TYPE slis_alv_event.
Build field catalog and sort table
m_fieldcat 'VBELN' 'VBAK' 'GT_VBAK'.
m_fieldcat 'VKORG' 'VBAK' 'GT_VBAK'.
m_fieldcat 'VTWEG' 'VBAK' 'GT_VBAK'.
m_fieldcat 'KUNNR' 'VBAK' 'GT_VBAK'.
m_fieldcat 'ERDAT' 'VBAK' 'GT_VBAK'.
m_sort 'VBELN'.
Build Event Table
MOVE 'TOP_OF_PAGE' TO ls_event-name.
MOVE 'TOP_OF_PAGE' TO ls_event-form.
APPEND ls_event TO lt_events.
gs_layout-list_append = c_x.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
    EXPORTING
      i_callback_program = sy-cprog
      it_fieldcat        = lt_fieldcat
      is_layout          = gs_layout
      it_sort            = lt_sort
      it_events          = lt_events
      i_save             = 'A'
    TABLES
      t_outtab           = gt_vbak.
ENDFORM.                               " END_OF_LIST_2

Similar Messages

ALV - need to sum values of internal table and display in ALV

I have data in internal table as:
Material date sum1 sum2
Mat_A 19990101 4 4
Mat_A 20080501 3 0
Mat_A 20080601 2 0
Mat_B 19990101 2 0
Mat_B 20080601 5 5
Required output is :
Material qty1 qty2 19990101 20080501 20080601
Mat_A 432 4 4 3 2
Mat_B 2+5 5 2 5
Thinking of using ALV to pass the internal table and display as classical report (and also to save as excel spreadsheet).
Counting your help on the following questions:
1) How to accomplish the sum in ALV report? Can ALV FM do that or one has to use ABAP to compute the sum from the given internal table?
2) Mat_A can have more date values. Here it got 3 distinct date values 19990101, 20080601, 20080501. If it has say 5 date values, how to create the ALV date columns (from 3 to 5 date columns) dynamically?
Thanks for the help.

for the sum inalv we use generally..
it_fieldcat-do_sum = 1.
check this examples...
http://www.****************/Tutorials/ALV/Subtotals/text.htm
*& Report ZTEST_ALV_PERC_13317
REPORT ztest_alv_perc_13317.
TYPE-POOLS: slis.
DATA: it_fieldcat TYPE slis_t_fieldcat_alv,
 wa_fieldcat TYPE slis_fieldcat_alv,
 it_events TYPE slis_t_event,
 wa_events TYPE slis_alv_event,
 it_sort TYPE slis_t_sortinfo_alv,
 wa_sort TYPE slis_sortinfo_alv,
 l_layout TYPE slis_layout_alv.
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_itab,
 field1(10),
 qty1 TYPE i,
 qty2 TYPE i,
 qty3 TYPE i,
 dummy TYPE c,
 END OF ty_itab.
DATA: itab TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_itab WITH HEADER LINE,
itab1 TYPE ty_itab.
START-OF-SELECTION.
itab-field1 = 'FIRST'.
itab-qty1 = 2.
itab-qty2 = 1.
itab-qty3 = 5.
itab-dummy = 10.
APPEND itab.
itab-field1 = 'FIRST'.
itab-qty1 = 2.
itab-qty2 = 1.
itab-qty3 = 5.
itab-dummy = 10.
APPEND itab.
itab-field1 = 'FIRST'.
itab-qty1 = 2.
itab-qty2 = 1.
itab-qty3 = 5.
itab-dummy = 10.
APPEND itab.
wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 1.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'FIELD1'.
wa_fieldcat-tabname = 'ITAB'.
APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.
wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 2.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'QTY1'.
wa_fieldcat-tabname = 'ITAB'.
wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.
wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 3.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'QTY2'.
wa_fieldcat-tabname = 'ITAB'.
wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.
wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 4.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'QTY3'.
wa_fieldcat-tabname = 'ITAB'.
wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.
wa_fieldcat-col_pos = 5.
wa_fieldcat-fieldname = 'DUMMY'.
wa_fieldcat-tabname = 'ITAB'.
wa_fieldcat-do_sum = 'X'.
wa_fieldcat-no_out = 'X'.
APPEND wa_fieldcat TO it_fieldcat.
 CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_EVENTS_GET'
 EXPORTING
 i_list_type = 0
 IMPORTING
 et_events = it_events
 EXCEPTIONS
 list_type_wrong = 1
 OTHERS = 2.
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
MESSAGE ID SY-MSGID TYPE SY-MSGTY NUMBER SY-MSGNO
 WITH SY-MSGV1 SY-MSGV2 SY-MSGV3 SY-MSGV4.
ENDIF.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_LIST_DISPLAY'
 EXPORTING
 i_callback_program = sy-repid
 it_fieldcat = it_fieldcat
 TABLES
 t_outtab = itab
EXCEPTIONS
 program_error = 1
 OTHERS = 2
IF sy-subrc <> 0.
ENDIF.

How to export internal table and pass the internal table to another screen?

Hi,
I have a sql SELECT statement that select data from table into internal table. I would like to export out the internal table and pass to another screen and display the data in ALV list. How to export it out? I try but the error given was " The type of "OUT_SELECT_ITAB" cannot be converted to the type of "itab_result".
Another question is, how to pass the internal table that i export out from the function module to another screen?
Here is the code
==============================================================
FUNCTION ZNEW_SELECT_ZSTUD00.
""Local Interface:
*" IMPORTING
*"     REFERENCE(IN_SELECT_YEAR) TYPE ZSTUD00-EYEAR
*" EXPORTING
*"     REFERENCE(OUT_RESULT) TYPE CHAR9
*"     REFERENCE(OUT_SELECT_ITAB) TYPE ZSTUD00
*& Global Declarations
DATA: itab TYPE ZSTUD00,
      itab_result TYPE TABLE OF ZSTUD00.
*& Processing Blocks called by the Runtime Environment
itab-eyear = IN_SELECT_YEAR.
SELECT *
FROM ZSTUD00
INTO TABLE itab_result
WHERE eyear = IN_SELECT_YEAR.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out_result = 'Success'.
OUT_SELECT_ITAB = itab_result.
ELSE.
out_result = 'Fail'.
ENDIF.
ENDFUNCTION.
===============================================================
Please advise. Thanks
Regards,
Rayden

Hi Nagaraj,
I try to change it in Tables tab page but it state that TABLES parameters are obsolete. when i "Enter". I try to "Enter" again. it seem to be ok but it stil give me the same error.
================================================================
FUNCTION ZNEW_SELECT_ZSTUD00.
""Local Interface:
*" IMPORTING
*"     REFERENCE(IN_SELECT_YEAR) TYPE ZSTUD00-EYEAR
*" EXPORTING
*"     REFERENCE(OUT_RESULT) TYPE CHAR9
*" TABLES
*"      OUT_SELECT_ITAB STRUCTURE ZSTUD00
*& Global Declarations
DATA: itab TYPE ZSTUD00,
      itab_result TYPE TABLE OF ZSTUD00.
*& Processing Blocks called by the Runtime Environment
itab-eyear = IN_SELECT_YEAR.
SELECT *
FROM ZSTUD00
INTO TABLE itab_result
WHERE eyear = IN_SELECT_YEAR.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
out_result = 'Success'.
OUT_SELECT_ITAB = itab_result.
ELSE.
out_result = 'Fail'.
ENDIF.
ENDFUNCTION.
===============================================================
regards,
Rayden

Report output into internal table and going ahead

Hi Folks,
We have a report MB51.It is showing some details.Now along with these details I wanna fetch some more detail and show it in the same report.
One way is I can copy this into Z and then go ahead with the changes.But I would like to know can we SUBMIT MB51 program in my ZPROGRAM and then get the output into an internal table and then again populate this internal table with the rest of the data and again display it as final output.
To be precise,is it possible to get the final output of MB51 into an internal table by using submit.
K.Kiran.

dear kian
pls check the below code for example:
DATA LIST_TAB TYPE TABLE OF ABAPLIST.
DATA: BEGIN OF olist OCCURS 0,
        filler1(1500)   TYPE c,
      END OF olist.
SUBMIT YTEST04 WITH MATNR EQ 't000001'
                 EXPORTING LIST TO MEMORY
                 AND RETURN.
BREAK-POINT.
CALL FUNCTION 'LIST_FROM_MEMORY'
TABLES
    LISTOBJECT = LIST_TAB
EXCEPTIONS
    NOT_FOUND = 1
    OTHERS     = 2.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
CALL FUNCTION 'LIST_TO_ASCI'
    EXPORTING
      LIST_INDEX         = -1
    TABLES
      LISTASCI           = oLIST
      LISTOBJECT         = LIST_TAB
    EXCEPTIONS
      EMPTY_LIST         = 1
      LIST_INDEX_INVALID = 2
      OTHERS             = 3.
BREAK-POINT.
ENDIF.

Dynamic internal table and dynamic read statements.

Hi,
My Scenario :
I have two dynamic internal tables.
I am looping at one internal table and trying to read another table.
In the read statement how do I mention the key dyamically.
Example code below :
LOOP AT <dyn_table> ASSIGNING <dyn_wa>.
read second dynamic internal table.
enloop.
The key which I want use for reading say it is keyed in the selection criteria....
Also based on the value I read I want to modify the first internal table field value.
Remember I dont want to explicity mention the key
How do I do that?
Thanks
Krishna.

Hi
U need to use the field-symbol, but u can't use a WHERE option, but u need to use the CHECK statament into the second loop:
LOOP AT <dyn_table> ASSIGNING <dyn_wa>.
 LOOP AT <DYN_TABLE2> ASSIGNING <DYN_WA2>.
 ASSIGN COMPONENT <COMPONENT> OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA2> TO <FS>.
 CHECK <FS> IN (=) .......
 ASSIGN COMPONENT <COMPONENT> OF STRUCTURE <DYN_WA> TO <FS2>.
 <FS2> = .......
 EXIT.
 ENDLOOP.
ENDLOOP.
Max

Internal table and work area

Hi,
can anybody explain the concepts of Internal table and work area.Thanks in advance.

hai,
This may help u.
WORKAREA is a structure that can hold only one record at a time. It is a collection of fields. We use workarea as we cannot directly read from a table. In order to interact with a table we need workarea. When a Select Statement is executed on a table then the first record is read and put into the header of the table and from there put into the header or the workarea(of the same structure as that of the table)of the internal table and then transferred top the body of the internal table or directly displayed from the workarea.
Each row in a table is a record and each column is a field.
While adding or retrieving records to / from internal table we have to keep the record temporarily.
The area where this record is kept is called as work area for the internal table. The area must have the same structure as that of internal table. An internal table consists of a body and an optional header line.
Header line is a implicit work area for the internal table. It depends on how the internal table is declared that the itab will have the header line or not.
e.g.
data: begin of itab occurs 10,
ab type c,
cd type i,
end of itab. " this table will have the header line.
data: wa_itab like itab. " explicit work area for itab
data: itab1 like itab occurs 10. " table is without header line.
Internal tables are used for storing records which are obtained as a result when we use select statement on database. internal tables are run time entities and doesn't occupy any memory. they are dynamic.
internal tables are of types.
1. internal tables with header line. [header and body]
2. internal tables with out header line. [only body]
Workarea is the concept which is mainly useful when working with internal tables with out header line.
at any point of time we can access only one record through header of a internal table. every thing should be done [inserting,modifying, reading ] through header only.
ex: data: itab like standard table of mara with header line.
for internal tables with out header line we will create a work area [explicit header] as type of table for storing data into internal table.
ex: data: itab like mara,
wa like mara.
more about internal table types:
Standard table:
The key access to a standard table uses a sequential search. The time required for an access is linearly dependent on the number of entries in the internal table.
You should usually access a standard table with index operations.
Sorted table:
The table is always stored internally sorted by its key. Key access to a sorted table can therefore use a binary search. If the key is not unique, the entry with the lowest index is accessed. The time required for an access is logarithmically dependent on the number of entries in the internal table.
Index accesses to sorted tables are also allowed. You should usually access a sorted table using its key.
Hash table:
The table is internally managed with a hash procedure. All the entries must have a unique key. The time required for a key access is constant, that is it does not depend on the number of entries in the internal table.
You cannot access a hash table with an index. Accesses must use generic key operations (SORT, LOOP, etc.).
Hashed tables
This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index.
The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always
have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table which resembles a database table or for
processing large amounts of data.
TYPES VECTOR TYPE HASHED TABLE OF I WITH UNIQUE KEY TABLE LINE.
TYPES: BEGIN OF LINE,
COLUMN1 TYPE I,
COLUMN2 TYPE I,
COLUMN3 TYPE I,
END OF LINE.
DATA ITAB TYPE HASHED TABLE OF SPFLI
WITH UNIQUE KEY CARRID CONNID.
with regards,
B.Sowjanya,
reward points if helpful.

Internal Table and Structures

Hi,
I am a beginer. I know how to create a structure and how to create an internal table using ABAP/4. My problem is, i don't understand where to use internal table and structure, also i find myself very confused about the explicit work areas.
Plese someone show me a program by explaining all of this clearly.

Hi
Internal tables are the core of ABAP. They are like soul of a body. For any program we use
internal tables extensively. We can use Internal tables like normal data base tables only, but the
basic difference is the memory allocated for internal tables is temporary. Once the program is
closed the memory allocated for internal tables will also be out of memory.
But while using the internal tables, there are many performance issues to be considered. i.e which
type of internal table to be used for the program..like standard internal table, hashed internal
table or sorted internal table etc..
Internal tables
Internal tables provide a means of taking data from a fixed structure and storing it in working memory in ABAP. The data is stored line by
line in memory, and each line has the same structure. In ABAP, internal tables fulfill the function of arrays. Since they are dynamic data
objects, they save the programmer the task of dynamic memory management in his or her programs. You should use internal tables
whenever you want to process a dataset with a fixed structure within a program. A particularly important use for internal tables is for
storing and formatting data from a database table within a program. They are also a good way of including very complicated data
structures in an ABAP program.
Like all elements in the ABAP type concept, internal tables can exist both as data types and as data objects A data type is the abstract
description of an internal table, either in a program or centrally in the ABAP Dictionary, that you use to create a concrete data object. The
data type is also an attribute of an existing data object.
Internal Tables as Data Types
Internal tables and structures are the two structured data types in ABAP. The data type of an internal table is fully specified by its line type,
key, and table type.
Line type
The line type of an internal table can be any data type. The data type of an internal table is normally a structure. Each component of the
structure is a column in the internal table. However, the line type may also be elementary or another internal table.
Key
The key identifies table rows. There are two kinds of key for internal tables - the standard key and a user-defined key. You can specify
whether the key should be UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE. Internal tables with a unique key cannot contain duplicate entries. The uniqueness
depends on the table access method.
If a table has a structured line type, its default key consists of all of its non-numerical columns that are not references or themselves
internal tables. If a table has an elementary line type, the default key is the entire line. The default key of an internal table whose line type
is an internal table, the default key is empty.
The user-defined key can contain any columns of the internal table that are not references or themselves internal tables. Internal tables
with a user-defined key are called key tables. When you define the key, the sequence of the key fields is significant. You should remember
this, for example, if you intend to sort the table according to the key.
Table type
The table type determines how ABAP will access individual table entries. Internal tables can be divided into three types:
Standard tables have an internal linear index. From a particular size upwards, the indexes of internal tables are administered as trees. In
this case, the index administration overhead increases in logarithmic and not linear relation to the number of lines. The system can access
records either by using the table index or the key. The response time for key access is proportional to the number of entries in the table.
The key of a standard table is always non-unique. You cannot specify a unique key. This means that standard tables can always be filled
very quickly, since the system does not have to check whether there are already existing entries.
Sorted tables are always saved sorted by the key. They also have an internal index. The system can access records either by using the
table index or the key. The response time for key access is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries, since the system
uses a binary search. The key of a sorted table can be either unique or non-unique. When you define the table, you must specify whether
the key is to be unique or not. Standard tables and sorted tables are known generically as index tables.
Hashed tables have no linear index. You can only access a hashed table using its key. The response time is independent of the number of
table entries, and is constant, since the system access the table entries using a hash algorithm. The key of a hashed table must be unique.
When you define the table, you must specify the key as UNIQUE.
Generic Internal Tables
Unlike other local data types in programs, you do not have to specify the data type of an internal table fully. Instead, you can specify a
generic construction, that is, the key or key and line type of an internal table data type may remain unspecified. You can use generic
internal tables to specify the types of field symbols and the interface parameters of procedures . You cannot use them to declare data
objects.
Internal Tables as Dynamic Data Objects
Data objects that are defined either with the data type of an internal table, or directly as an internal table, are always fully defined in
respect of their line type, key and access method. However, the number of lines is not fixed. Thus internal tables are dynamic data objects,
since they can contain any number of lines of a particular type. The only restriction on the number of lines an internal table may contain are
the limits of your system installation. The maximum memory that can be occupied by an internal table (including its internal administration)
is 2 gigabytes. A more realistic figure is up to 500 megabytes. An additional restriction for hashed tables is that they may not contain more
than 2 million entries. The line types of internal tables can be any ABAP data types - elementary, structured, or internal tables. The
individual lines of an internal table are called table lines or table entries. Each component of a structured line is called a column in the
internal table.
Choosing a Table Type
The table type (and particularly the access method) that you will use depends on how the typical internal table operations will be most
frequently executed.
Standard tables
This is the most appropriate type if you are going to address the individual table entries using the index. Index access is the quickest
possible access. You should fill a standard table by appending lines (ABAP APPEND statement), and read, modify and delete entries by
specifying the index (INDEX option with the relevant ABAP command). The access time for a standard table increases in a linear relationship
with the number of table entries. If you need key access, standard tables are particularly useful if you can fill and process the table in
separate steps. For example, you could fill the table by appending entries, and then sort it. If you use the binary search option with key
access, the response time is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries.
Sorted tables
This is the most appropriate type if you need a table which is sorted as you fill it. You fill sorted tables using the INSERT statement. Entries
are inserted according to the sort sequence defined through the table key. Any illegal entries are recognized as soon as you try to add
them to the table. The response time for key access is logarithmically proportional to the number of table entries, since the system always
uses a binary search. Sorted tables are particularly useful for partially sequential processing in a LOOP if you specify the beginning of the
table key in the WHERE condition.
Hashed tables
This is the most appropriate type for any table where the main operation is key access. You cannot access a hashed table using its index.
The response time for key access remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. Like database tables, hashed tables always
have a unique key. Hashed tables are useful if you want to construct and use an internal table which resembles a database table or for
processing large amounts of data.
Creating Internal Tables
Like other elements in the ABAP type concept, you can declare internal tables as abstract data
types in programs or in the ABAP Dictionary, and then use them to define data objects.
Alternatively, you can define them directly as data objects. When you create an internal table as a
data object, you should ensure that only the administration entry which belongs to an internal
table is declared statically. The minimum size of an internal table is 256 bytes. This is important if an
internal table occurs as a component of an aggregated data object, since even empty internal
tables within tables can lead to high memory usage. (In the next functional release, the size of the
table header for an initial table will be reduced to 8 bytes). Unlike all other ABAP data objects, you
do not have to specify the memory required for an internal table. Table rows are added to and
deleted from the table dynamically at runtime by the various statements for adding and deleting
records.
You can create internal tables in different types.
You can create standard internal table and then make it sort in side the program.
The same way you can change to hashed internal tables also.
There will be some performance issues with regard to standard internal tables/ hashed internal
tables/ sorted internal tables.
Internal table types
This section describes how to define internal tables locally in a program. You can also define internal tables globally as data types in the
ABAP Dictionary.
Like all local data types in programs , you define internal tables using the TYPES statement. If you do not refer to an existing table type
using the TYPE or LIKE addition, you can use the TYPES statement to construct a new local internal table in your program.
TYPES <t> TYPE|LIKE <tabkind> OF <linetype> [WITH <key>]
[INITIAL SIZE <n>].
After TYPE or LIKE, there is no reference to an existing data type. Instead, the type constructor occurs:
<tabkind> OF <linetype> [WITH <key>]
The type constructor defines the table type <tabkind>, the line type <linetype>, and the key <key> of the internal table <t>.
You can, if you wish, allocate an initial amount of memory to the internal table using the INITIAL SIZE addition.
Table type
You can specify the table type <tabkind> as follows:
Generic table types
INDEX TABLE
For creating a generic table type with index access.
ANY TABLE
For creating a fully-generic table type.
Data types defined using generic types can currently only be used for field symbols and for interface parameters in procedures . The generic
type INDEX TABLE includes standard tables and sorted tables. These are the two table types for which index access is allowed. You cannot
pass hashed tables to field symbols or interface parameters defined in this way. The generic type ANY TABLE can represent any table. You
can pass tables of all three types to field symbols and interface parameters defined in this way. However, these field symbols and
parameters will then only allow operations that are possible for all tables, that is, index operations are not allowed.
Fully-Specified Table Types
STANDARD TABLE or TABLE
For creating standard tables.
SORTED TABLE
For creating sorted tables.
HASHED TABLE
For creating hashed tables.
Fully-specified table types determine how the system will access the entries in the table in key operations. It uses a linear search for
standard tables, a binary search for sorted tables, and a search using a hash algorithm for hashed tables.
Line type
For the line type <linetype>, you can specify:
Any data type if you are using the TYPE addition. This can be a predefined ABAP type, a local type in the program, or a data type from the
ABAP Dictionary. If you specify any of the generic elementary types C, N, P, or X, any attributes that you fail to specify (field length, number
of decimal places) are automatically filled with the default values. You cannot specify any other generic types.
Any data object recognized within the program at that point if you are using the LIKE addition. The line type adopts the fully-specified data
type of the data object to which you refer. Except for within classes, you can still use the LIKE addition to refer to database tables and
structures in the ABAP Dictionary (for compatibility reasons).
All of the lines in the internal table have the fully-specified technical attributes of the specified data type.
Key
You can specify the key <key> of an internal table as follows:
[UNIQUE|NON-UNIQUE] KEY <col1> ... <col n>
In tables with a structured line type, all of the components <coli> belong to the key as long as they are not internal tables or references,
and do not contain internal tables or references. Key fields can be nested structures. The substructures are expanded component by
component when you access the table using the key. The system follows the sequence of the key fields.
[UNIQUE|NON-UNIQUE] KEY TABLE LINE
If a table has an elementary line type (C, D, F, I, N, P, T, X), you can define the entire line as the key. If you try this for a table whose line
type is itself a table, a syntax error occurs. If a table has a structured line type, it is possible to specify the entire line as the key. However,
you should remember that this is often not suitable.
[UNIQUE|NON-UNIQUE] DEFAULT KEY
This declares the fields of the default key as the key fields. If the table has a structured line type, the default key contains all non-numeric
columns of the internal table that are not and do not contain references or internal tables. If the table has an elementary line type, the
default key is the entire line. The default key of an internal table whose line type is an internal table, the default key is empty.
Specifying a key is optional. If you do not specify a key, the system defines a table type with an arbitrary key. You can only use this to
define the types of field symbols and the interface parameters of procedures . For exceptions, refer to Special Features of Standard Tables.
The optional additions UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE determine whether the key is to be unique or non-unique, that is, whether the table can
accept duplicate entries. If you do not specify UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE for the key, the table type is generic in this respect. As such, it can
only be used for specifying types. When you specify the table type simultaneously, you must note the following restrictions:
You cannot use the UNIQUE addition for standard tables. The system always generates the NON-UNIQUE addition automatically.
You must always specify the UNIQUE option when you create a hashed table.
Initial Memory Requirement
You can specify the initial amount of main memory assigned to an internal table object when you define the data type using the following
addition:
INITIAL SIZE <n>
This size does not belong to the data type of the internal table, and does not affect the type check. You can use the above addition to
reserve memory space for <n> table lines when you declare the table object.
When this initial area is full, the system makes twice as much extra space available up to a limit of 8KB. Further memory areas of 12KB each
are then allocated.
You can usually leave it to the system to work out the initial memory requirement. The first time you fill the table, little memory is used. The
space occupied, depending on the line width, is 16 <= <n> <= 100.
It only makes sense to specify a concrete value of <n> if you can specify a precise number of table entries when you create the table and
need to allocate exactly that amount of memory (exception: Appending table lines to ranked lists). This can be particularly important for
deep-structured internal tables where the inner table only has a few entries (less than 5, for example).
To avoid excessive requests for memory, large values of <n> are treated as follows: The largest possible value of <n> is 8KB divided by the
length of the line. If you specify a larger value of <n>, the system calculates a new value so that n times the line width is around 12KB.
Examples
TYPES: BEGIN OF LINE,
COLUMN1 TYPE I,
COLUMN2 TYPE I,
COLUMN3 TYPE I,
END OF LINE.
TYPES ITAB TYPE SORTED TABLE OF LINE WITH UNIQUE KEY COLUMN1.
The program defines a table type ITAB. It is a sorted table, with line type of the structure LINE and a unique key of the component
COLUMN1.
TYPES VECTOR TYPE HASHED TABLE OF I WITH UNIQUE KEY TABLE LINE.
TYPES: BEGIN OF LINE,
COLUMN1 TYPE I,
COLUMN2 TYPE I,
COLUMN3 TYPE I,
END OF LINE.
TYPES ITAB TYPE SORTED TABLE OF LINE WITH UNIQUE KEY COLUMN1.
TYPES: BEGIN OF DEEPLINE,
FIELD TYPE C,
TABLE1 TYPE VECTOR,
TABLE2 TYPE ITAB,
END OF DEEPLINE.
TYPES DEEPTABLE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DEEPLINE
WITH DEFAULT KEY.
The program defines a table type VECTOR with type hashed table, the elementary line type I and a unique key of the entire table line. The
second table type is the same as in the previous example. The structure DEEPLINE contains the internal table as a component. The table
type DEEPTABLE has the line type DEEPLINE. Therefore, the elements of this internal table are themselves internal tables. The key is the
default key - in this case the column FIELD. The key is non-unique, since the table is a standard table.
Internal table objects
Internal tables are dynamic variable data objects. Like all variables, you declare them using the DATA statement. You can also declare static
internal tables in procedures using the STATICS statement, and static internal tables in classes using the CLASS-DATA statement. This
description is restricted to the DATA statement. However, it applies equally to the STATICS and CLASS-DATA statements.
Reference to Declared Internal Table Types
Like all other data objects, you can declare internal table objects using the LIKE or TYPE addition of the DATA statement.
DATA <itab> TYPE <type>|LIKE <obj> [WITH HEADER LINE].
Here, the LIKE addition refers to an existing table object in the same program. The TYPE addition can refer to an internal type in the
program declared using the TYPES statement, or a table type in the ABAP Dictionary.
You must ensure that you only refer to tables that are fully typed. Referring to generic table types (ANY TABLE, INDEX TABLE) or not
specifying the key fully is not allowed (for exceptions, refer to Special Features of Standard Tables).
The optional addition WITH HEADER line declares an extra data object with the same name and line type as the internal table. This data
object is known as the header line of the internal table. You use it as a work area when working with the internal table (see Using the
Header Line as a Work Area). When you use internal tables with header lines, you must remember that the header line and the body of the
table have the same name. If you have an internal table with header line and you want to address the body of the table, you must indicate
this by placing brackets after the table name (<itab>[]). Otherwise, ABAP interprets the name as the name of the header line and not of the
body of the table. You can avoid this potential confusion by using internal tables without header lines. In particular, internal tables nested
in structures or other internal tables must not have a header line, since this can lead to ambiguous expressions.
TYPES VECTOR TYPE SORTED TABLE OF I WITH UNIQUE KEY TABLE LINE.
DATA: ITAB TYPE VECTOR,
JTAB LIKE ITAB WITH HEADER LINE.
MOVE ITAB TO JTAB. <- Syntax error!
MOVE ITAB TO JTAB[].
The table object ITAB is created with reference to the table type VECTOR. The table object JTAB has the same data type as ITAB. JTAB also
has a header line. In the first MOVE statement, JTAB addresses the header line. Since this has the data type I, and the table type of ITAB
cannot be converted into an elementary type, the MOVE statement causes a syntax error. The second MOVE statement is correct, since
both operands are table objects.
Declaring New Internal Tables
You can use the DATA statement to construct new internal tables as well as using the LIKE or TYPE addition to refer to existing types or
objects. The table type that you construct does not exist in its own right; instead, it is only an attribute of the table object. You can refer to
it using the LIKE addition, but not using TYPE. The syntax for constructing a table object in the DATA statement is similar to that for defining
a table type in the TYPES statement.
DATA <itab> TYPE|LIKE <tabkind> OF <linetype> WITH <key>
[INITIAL SIZE <n>]
[WITH HEADER LINE].
As when you define a table type , the type constructor
<tabkind> OF <linetype> WITH <key>
defines the table type <tabkind>, the line type <linekind>, and the key <key> of the internal table <itab>. Since the technical attributes of
data objects are always fully specified, the table must be fully specified in the DATA statement. You cannot create generic table types (ANY
TABLE, INDEX TABLE), only fully-typed tables (STANDARD TABLE, SORTED TABLE, HASHED TABLE). You must also specify the key and whether
it is to be unique (for exceptions, refer to Special Features of Standard Tables).
As in the TYPES statement, you can, if you wish, allocate an initial amount of memory to the internal table using the INITIAL SIZE addition.
You can create an internal table with a header line using the WITH HEADER LINE addition. The header line is created under the same
conditions as apply when you refer to an existing table type.
DATA ITAB TYPE HASHED TABLE OF SPFLI
WITH UNIQUE KEY CARRID CONNID.
The table object ITAB has the type hashed table, a line type corresponding to the flat structure SPFLI from the ABAP Dictionary, and a
unique key with the key fields CARRID and CONNID. The internal table ITAB can be regarded as an internal template for the database table
SPFLI. It is therefore particularly suitable for working with data from this database table as long as you only access it using the key.

What are dyanmic internal tables and what s the exact use of forall entries

what are dyanmic internal tables and what s the exact use of forall entries?

hi,
dynamic internal table.
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/tip/1,289483,sid21_gci912390,00.html
http://www.sap-img.com/ab030.htm

FOR ALL ENTRIES is an effective way of doing away with using JOIN on two tables.
You can check the below code -
SELECT BUKRS BELNR GJAHR AUGDT
FROM BSEG
INTO TABLE I_BSEG
WHERE BUKRS = ....
SELECT BUKRS BELNR BLART BLDAT
FROM BKPF
INTO TABLE I_BKPF
FOR ALL ENTRIES IN I_BSEG
WHERE BUKRS = I_BSEG-BUKRS
AND BELNR = I_BSEG-BELNR
AND BLDAT IN SO_BLDAT.
*******************************8
look another example
what is the use of FOR ALL ENTRIES
1. INNER JOIN
DBTAB1 <----
> DBTAB2
It is used to JOIN two DATABASE tables
having some COMMON fields.
2. Whereas
For All Entries,
DBTAB1 <----
> ITAB1
is not at all related to two DATABASE tables.
It is related to INTERNAL table.
3. If we want to fetch data
from some DBTABLE1
but we want to fetch
for only some records
which are contained in some internal table,
then we use for alll entries.
1. simple example of for all entries.
2. NOTE THAT
In for all entries,
it is NOT necessary to use TWO DBTABLES.
(as against JOIN)
3. use this program (just copy paste)
it will fetch data
from T001
FOR ONLY TWO COMPANIES (as mentioned in itab)
4
REPORT abc.
DATA : BEGIN OF itab OCCURS 0,
bukrs LIKE t001-bukrs,
END OF itab.
DATA : t001 LIKE TABLE OF t001 WITH HEADER LINE.
itab-bukrs = '1000'.
APPEND itab.
itab-bukrs = '1100'.
APPEND itab.
SELECT * FROM t001
INTO TABLE t001
FOR ALL ENTRIES IN itab
WHERE bukrs = itab-bukrs.
LOOP AT t001.
WRITE :/ t001-bukrs.
ENDLOOP.
Hope this helps!
Regards,
Anver

How to join fields from different internal tables and display into one int

hai i have one doubt...
how to join fields from different internal tables and display into one internal table..
if anybody know the ans for this qus tell me......

hii
you can read data as per condition and then can join in one internal table using READ and APPEND statement..refer to following code.
SELECT bwkey                         " Valuation Area
         bukrs                         " Company Code
    FROM t001k
    INTO TABLE i_t001k
   WHERE bukrs IN s_bukrs.
IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
    SELECT bwkey                       " Valuation Area
           werks                       " Plant
      FROM t001w
      INTO TABLE i_t001w
       FOR ALL ENTRIES IN i_t001k
     WHERE bwkey = i_t001k-bwkey
       AND werks IN s_werks.
    IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
      LOOP AT i_output INTO wa_output.
        READ TABLE i_t001w INTO wa_t001w WITH KEY werks = wa_output-werks.
        READ TABLE i_t001k INTO wa_t001k WITH KEY bwkey = wa_t001w-bwkey.
        wa_output-bukrs = wa_t001k-bukrs.
        MODIFY i_output FROM wa_output.
        CLEAR wa_output.
      ENDLOOP.                         " LOOP AT i_output
    ENDIF.                             " IF sy-subrc EQ 0
regards
twinkal

To compare two internal tables and delete records

Hi friends,
 I have to compare two internal tables and should delete the records which is not present in both the tables. Reply me as soon as possible.
Thanks.

Hi Nagarajan,
1. I don't think there is any direct (one-shot statement)
 way to achieve this.
 one has to do by writing some logic.
2. Loop at ITAB1.
 Read table ITAB2 with key Field1 = ITAB1-Field1.
 If sy-subrc <> 0.
 delete ITAB1.
 endif.
 Endloop.
Do the same again with ITAB2.
 Loop at ITAB2.
 Read table ITAB1 with key Field1 = ITAB2-Field1.
 If sy-subrc <> 0.
 delete ITAB2.
 endif.
 Endloop.
3. If any better way is found, i will let u know.
Hope it helps.
Regards,
Amit M.

End Routine ABAP to read from Internal table and do calculation.

Hi All...
I have completed some coding in a start routine to extract some fields from a DSO containing Master Data (Stock Age) into an internal table (the internal table has been defined in the global declarations area) which will then be read in the end routine.
(the internal table will be read) at loadtime in the end routine and used in a calculation as described below.
I.E
GLOBAL DATA DECLARATION
Data: ITAB1 TYPE TABLE OF /BIC/DSOTAB
(DSOTAB has 3 fields PLANT, STYLE, 1STDATE (1STDATE IS A DATE FIELD)
The start routine has the following code:
IF ITAB1 IS INITIAL.
SELECT /BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE /BIC/1STDATE
 FROM /BIC/DSOTAB
 INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB1.
This is working fine when run under simulation i.e ITAB1 is filled no problem.
I then need to do a calculation in the end routine.
1. First I have to find the record in the internal table using the key of PLANT AND STYLE from the RESULT_PACKAGE.
The code i am using now is as follows....
 READ TABLE ITAB1 TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS WITH KEY
 /BIC/PLANT = <result_fields>-/BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE =
 <result_fields>-/BIC/STYLE.
Once this record has been read I then have to perform the following calculation using the following additional fields
<result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST is a NUMC field in the <result_fields> that will be be filled by the result of the calculation described below.
<result_fields>-CALDAY is a date field which is already populated in the <result-fields> which is used in the calculation below.
The Calculation required is a difference in days between two dates
DYS1ST = CALDAY - 1STRED.
The code i am using is
If sy-subrc = 0.
 <result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST = <result_fields>-CALDAY -
 i_t_1stred_dso-/BIC/1STRED.
So the whole section of code inside the LOOP at RESULT PACKAGE looks like this in the end routine
 READ TABLE ITAB1 TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS WITH KEY
 /BIC/PLANT = <result_fields>-/BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE =
 <result_fields>-/BIC/STYLE.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
 <result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST = <result_fields>-CALDAY -
 i_t_1stred_dso-/BIC/1STRED.
Im getting the error
"ITAB1 " is a table without a header line and therefore has no component called "/BIC/1STRED
Please can someone advise as to what I need to do to get this fixed please.
Thanks in advance
Stevo:)

Hi,
You will have to do few changes in your code as below,
GLOBAL DATA DECLARATION
Data: ITAB1 TYPE standard TABLE OF /BIC/DSOTAB.
After that declare a workarea to read the values.
DATA: i_wa_itab1 type /bic/dsotab.
(DSOTAB has 3 fields PLANT, STYLE, 1STDATE (1STDATE IS A DATE FIELD)
The start routine has the following code:
IF ITAB1 IS INITIAL.
SELECT /BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE /BIC/1STDATE
FROM /BIC/DSOTAB
INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB1.
This is working fine when run under simulation i.e ITAB1 is filled no problem.
I then need to do a calculation in the end routine.
1. First I have to find the record in the internal table using the key of PLANT AND STYLE from the RESULT_PACKAGE.
The code i am using now is as follows....
READ TABLE ITAB1 TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS WITH KEY
/BIC/PLANT = <result_fields>-/BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE =
<result_fields>-/BIC/STYLE.
Once this record has been read I then have to perform the following calculation using the following additional fields
<result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST is a NUMC field in the <result_fields> that will be be filled by the result of the calculation described below.
<result_fields>-CALDAY is a date field which is already populated in the <result-fields> which is used in the calculation below.
The Calculation required is a difference in days between two dates
DYS1ST = CALDAY - 1STRED.
The code i am using is
If sy-subrc = 0.
<result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST = <result_fields>-CALDAY -
i_t_1stred_dso-/BIC/1STRED.
So the whole section of code inside the LOOP at RESULT PACKAGE looks like this in the end routine
READ TABLE ITAB1 into i_wa_itab1 WITH KEY
/BIC/PLANT = <result_fields>-/BIC/PLANT /BIC/STYLE =
<result_fields>-/BIC/STYLE.
IF sy-subrc = 0.
<result_fields>-/BIC/DYS1ST = <result_fields>-CALDAY -
i_wa_itab1-/BIC/1STRED.
Once you do this changes, your code will work fine.
Regards,
Durgesh.

Loop at internal table and get the right line

Hi,
I've a table like this sorted by material1 and date.
Material 1...Date..........Material 2...Stock
A1.............01/01/08........A2..........100
A1.............01/01/07........A2..........150
B1.............01/05/08........B1..........50
B1.............01/03/07........B2..........100
B1.............01/02/07........B3..........75
I need to put in another table only the line for material1 which has the highest date.
For this example, line 1 and 3 should be selected.
Can anyone tell me how to code this??
Thanks.

Hi tarick,
Try this,,
Create another internal table itab2 of type itab1 and copy all entries of itab1 to itab2.
itab2[] = itab1[].
Now delete adjacent duplicates from itab2 comparing material1.
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM itab2 comparing material1.
Effect
Deletes adjacent duplicate entries from the internal table itab2. If there are n duplicate entries in succession, the first entry is retained, and the following n-1 entries are deleted.
Reward Points if Helpful.
Regards,
Sachin M M

Regarding Internal table and access performance

hey guys.
In my report , Somehow i reduced the query performance time by selecting minimum key fields and moved the selected records to internal table.
Now from this internal table i am restricting the loop
as per my requirements using where statements.(believing that internal table retrieval is more faster than database acces(using query)).
But still my performance goes down.
Could you pls suggest me how to reduce the execution time
in abap programming.
I used below commands.
Read using binary search.
loop ...where statement.
perform statements.
collect staements.
delete itab.(delete duplicates staements too)
sort itab(sorting).
For each above statements do we have any faster way to retrieval records.
If i see my bottle neck at se30.it shows
ABAP programming to 70 percent
database access to 20 percent
R3 system as 10percent.
now how to reduce this abap process.
could you pls reply.
ambichan.
ambichan.

Hello Ambichan,
It is difficult to suggest the improvements without looking at the actual code that you are running. However, I can give you some general information.
1. READ using the BINARY SEARCH addition.
This is indeed a good way of doing a READ. But have you made sure that the internal table is sorted by the required fields before you use this statement ?
2. LOOP...WHERE statement.
This is also a good way to avoid looping through unnecessary entries. But further improvement can certainly be achieved if you use FIELD-SYMBOLS.
LOOP AT ITAB INTO <FIELD_SYMBOL_OF_THE_SAME_LINE-TYPE_AS_ITAB>.
ENDLOOP.
3. PERFORM statements.
A perform statement can not be optimized. what matters is the code that you write inside the FORM (or a subroutine).
4. COLLECT statements.
I trust you have used the COLLECT statement to simplify the logic. Let that be as it is. The code is more readable and elegant.
The COLLECT statement is somewhat performance intensive. It takes more time with a normal internal table (STANDARD). See if you can use an internal table of type SORTED. Even better, you can use a HASHED internal table.
5. DELETE itab.(delete duplicates staements too)
If you are making sure that you are deleting several entries based on a condition, then this should be okay. You cannot avoid using the DELETE statement if your functionality requires you to do so.
Also, before deleting the DUPLICATES, ensure that the internal table is sorted.
6. SORT statement.
It depends on how many entries there are in the internal table. If you are using most of the above points on the same internal table, then it is better that you define your internal table to be of type SORTED. That way, inserting entries will take a little more time (to ensure that the table is always sorted), but alll the other operations are going to be much faster.
Get back to me if you need further assistance.
Regards,
<a href="https://www.sdn.sap.com:443http://www.sdn.sap.comhttp://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/com.sap.sdn.businesscard.sdnbusinesscard?u=zwcc%2fwm4ups%3d">anand Mandalika</a>.

Merging the internal table and structure for PO text material download

Hi Experts,
   I have a query regarding downloading the PO text from material master.Actually i have successfully downloaded the PO text using TLINE structure along with FM like READ_TEXT and GUI_Download.But when i had to append the PO text for corresponding material,there i got the problem.Let me explain clearly.Below is my coding for PO text download.In that i have used TLINE structure/table for get the POtext via FM READ_TEXT.Also I am using an internal table(It_tab) which consist fields of TDFORMAT,TDLINE and MATNR,So what i need is,i want to merge TLINES structure/table into internal table(it_tab).That is I want to display the PO text along with material No.That is my requirement.But when i append the it_tab using my coding,it was not displaying in the correct order.Attached screen shot is the sample output(excel sheet).column B and C respectively for POtext and material number.I want to get in correct order as it gets the misarrangemnt.(i.e) PO text and material number should come with the same line.So Please help me to complete this task.Kindly point out if i am wrong.
PO TEXT download from material master :
DATA : BEGIN of IT_LINES OCCURS 0.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE TLINE.
DATA : END of IT_LINES.
DATA : t_line TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF IT_LINES WITH HEADER LINE.
TYPES: BEGIN OF tp_matnr,
        matnr type TDOBNAME,
        END OF tp_matnr.
      DATA:lv_matnr TYPE matnr,
       t_mara TYPE TABLE OF tp_matnr WITH HEADER LINE.
SELECT-OPTIONS : s_matnr FOR lv_matnr.
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF BLOCK BL1 WITH FRAME TITLE TL1.
PARAMETERS: P_FILE(50) TYPE C.
*PARAMETERS: P_DOWNL as CHECKBOX.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF BLOCK BL1.
INITIALIZATION.
TL1 = 'PO TEXT DOWNLOAD'.
START-OF-SELECTION.
SELECT matnr FROM mara INTO TABLE t_mara WHERE matnr IN s_matnr.
DATA : BEGIN OF it_tab OCCURS 0,
         TDFORMAT type TDFORMAT,
         TDLINE type TDLINE,
         MATNR type TDOBNAME,
         END OF it_tab.
LOOP AT t_mara.
CALL FUNCTION 'READ_TEXT'
EXPORTING
*   CLIENT                        = SY-MANDT
    id                            = 'BEST'
    language                      = 'E'
    name                          = t_mara-matnr
    OBJECT                        = 'MATERIAL'
*   ARCHIVE_HANDLE                = 0
*   LOCAL_CAT                     = ' '
* IMPORTING
*   HEADER                        =
*   OLD_LINE_COUNTER              =
   TABLES
    lines                         = t_line
* EXCEPTIONS
*   ID                            = 1
*   LANGUAGE                      = 2
*   NAME                          = 3
*   NOT_FOUND                     = 4
*   OBJECT                        = 5
*   REFERENCE_CHECK               = 6
*   WRONG_ACCESS_TO_ARCHIVE       = 7
*   OTHERS                        = 8
IF sy-subrc = 0.
     APPEND LINES OF t_line to it_tab.
     it_tab-tdline = t_line-tdline.
     it_tab-matnr = t_mara-matnr.
     APPEND it_tab.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
CALL FUNCTION 'GUI_DOWNLOAD'
EXPORTING
FILENAME = 'D:\Test.xls'
FILETYPE = 'ASC'
WRITE_FIELD_SEPARATOR = 'X'
SHOW_TRANSFER_STATUS = 'X'
TABLES
DATA_TAB = it_tab

Hi Manish,
Thanks for the support.I did simple modify in coding.Now I got the output in the correct order.If i follow the step of it_tab-tdline = t_mara-matnr, it is storing in the column B as you mentioned.But it was displayed in the second line.So i did adjust your below coding.Finally got the solution.Thanks manish
DATA wa_line LIKE LINE OF t_line.
LOOP AT t_line INTO wa_line.
it_tab-tdformat = wa_line-tdformat.
it_tab-tdline = wa_line-tdline.
it_tab-matnr = IT_TAB-matnr.
APPEND it_tab.
ENDLOOP.
Regards,
Kavi

Upload XML to internal table and vice versa in SAP 4.6C

Hi,
 Happy New Year to you all!
 We are using 46C and I am beginning to learn about XML. We have a requirement to (1) upload an XML file into an internal table as well as (2) create an XML file from an internal table.
 I read some of the posted messages about this but they didn't seem to be applicable in 46C (I could be wrong).
 Could someone please help me using the sample file below?
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
- <AUCTIONBLOCK>
- <ITEM>
<TITLE>Still Life / Onions</TITLE>
<ARTIST>Linda Mann</ARTIST>
<DIMENSIONS>20x30 inches</DIMENSIONS>
<MATERIALS>Oil</MATERIALS>
<YEAR>1997</YEAR>
<DESCRIPTION>Still Life</DESCRIPTION>
<TIMESTAMP>1974</TIMESTAMP>
</ITEM>
</AUCTIONBLOCK>
Many thanks,
Rosemarie

Hi,
Yes I'm on 4.6c. I've to comment several lines. Here is an example:
*& Report z_xit_xml_check
report z_xit_xml_check.
class cl_ixml definition load.
type-pools: ixml.
types: begin of t_xml_line,
 data(256) type x,
 end of t_xml_line,
 begin of tsfixml,
 data(1024) type c,
 end of tsfixml.
data: l_ixml type ref to if_ixml,
 l_streamfactory type ref to if_ixml_stream_factory,
 l_parser type ref to if_ixml_parser,
 l_istream type ref to if_ixml_istream,
 l_document type ref to if_ixml_document,
 l_node type ref to if_ixml_node,
 l_xmldata type string.
data: l_elem type ref to if_ixml_element,
 l_root_node type ref to if_ixml_node,
 l_next_node type ref to if_ixml_node,
 l_name type string,
 l_iterator type ref to if_ixml_node_iterator.
data: l_xml_table type table of t_xml_line,
 l_xml_line type t_xml_line,
 l_xml_table_size type i.
data: l_filename type string.
parameters: pa_file type char1024 default
'd:joaodesenvolvimentos i act este.xml'.
Validation of XML file: Only DTD included in xml document is supported
parameters: pa_val type char1 as checkbox.
start-of-selection.
Creating the main iXML factory
 l_ixml = cl_ixml=>create( ).
Creating a stream factory
 l_streamfactory = l_ixml->create_stream_factory( ).
Regards,
Maria João Rocha
 perform get_xml_table changing l_xml_table_size l_xml_table.
wrap the table containing the file into a stream
 l_istream = l_streamfactory->create_istream_itable( table =
l_xml_table
 size =
l_xml_table_size ).
Creating a document
 l_document = l_ixml->create_document( ).
Create a Parser
 l_parser = l_ixml->create_parser( stream_factory = l_streamfactory
 istream = l_istream
 document = l_document ).
Validate a document
 if pa_val eq 'X'.
 l_parser->set_validating( mode = if_ixml_parser=>co_validate ).
 endif.
Parse the stream
 if l_parser->parse( ) ne 0.
 if l_parser->num_errors( ) ne 0.
 data: parseerror type ref to if_ixml_parse_error,
 str type string,
 i type i,
 count type i,
 index type i.
 count = l_parser->num_errors( ).
 write: count, ' parse errors have occured:'.
 index = 0.
 while index < count.
 parseerror = l_parser->get_error( index = index ).
 i = parseerror->get_line( ).
 write: 'line: ', i.
 i = parseerror->get_column( ).
 write: 'column: ', i.
 str = parseerror->get_reason( ).
 write: str.
 index = index + 1.
 endwhile.
 endif.
 endif.
Process the document
 if l_parser->is_dom_generating( ) eq 'X'.
 perform process_dom using l_document.
 endif.
*& Form get_xml_table
form get_xml_table changing l_xml_table_size type i
 l_xml_table type standard table.
Local variable declaration
 data: l_len type i,
 l_len2 type i,
 l_tab type tsfixml,
 l_content type string,
 l_str1 type string,
 c_conv TYPE REF TO cl_abap_conv_in_ce,
 l_itab type table of string.
 l_filename = pa_file.
upload a file from the client's workstation
 call method cl_gui_frontend_services=>gui_upload
 exporting
 filename = l_filename
 filetype = 'BIN'
 importing
 filelength = l_xml_table_size
 changing
 data_tab = l_xml_table
 exceptions
 others = 19.
 if sy-subrc <> 0.
 message id sy-msgid type sy-msgty number sy-msgno
 with sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
 endif.
Writing the XML document to the screen
 CLEAR l_str1.
 LOOP AT l_xml_table INTO l_xml_line.
 c_conv = cl_abap_conv_in_ce=>create( input = l_xml_line-data
*replacement = space ).
 c_conv->read( IMPORTING data = l_content len = l_len ).
 CONCATENATE l_str1 l_content INTO l_str1.
 ENDLOOP.
 l_str1 = l_str1+0(l_xml_table_size).
 SPLIT l_str1 AT cl_abap_char_utilities=>cr_lf INTO TABLE l_itab.
 WRITE: /.
 WRITE: /' XML File'.
 WRITE: /.
 LOOP AT l_itab INTO l_str1.
 REPLACE ALL OCCURRENCES OF cl_abap_char_utilities=>horizontal_tab
*IN
 l_str1 WITH space.
 WRITE: / l_str1.
 ENDLOOP.
 WRITE: /.
endform. "get_xml_table
*& Form process_dom
form process_dom using document type ref to if_ixml_document.
 data: node type ref to if_ixml_node,
 iterator type ref to if_ixml_node_iterator,
 nodemap type ref to if_ixml_named_node_map,
 attr type ref to if_ixml_node,
 name type string,
 prefix type string,
 value type string,
 indent type i,
 count type i,
 index type i.
data: name2 type string,
 name_root type string,
 node_parent type ref to if_ixml_node,
 node_root type ref to if_ixml_node,
 num_children type i.
 node ?= document.
 check not node is initial.
 uline.
 write: /.
 write: /' DOM-TREE'.
 write: /.
 if node is initial. exit. endif.
create a node iterator
 iterator = node->create_iterator( ).
get current node
 node = iterator->get_next( ).
loop over all nodes
 while not node is initial.
 indent = node->get_height( ) * 2.
 indent = indent + 20.
num_children = node->num_children( ).
 case node->get_type( ).
 when if_ixml_node=>co_node_element.
 element node
 name = node->get_name( ).
 nodemap = node->get_attributes( ).
 node_root = node->get_root( ).
 name_root = node_root->get_name( ).
 write: / 'ELEMENT :'.
 write: at indent name color col_positive inverse.
 write: 'NUM_CHILDREN:', num_children.
 write: 'ROOT:', name_root.
 node_parent = node->get_parent( ).
 name2 = node_parent->get_name( ).
 write: 'NAME2: ' , name2.
 if not nodemap is initial.
 attributes
 count = nodemap->get_length( ).
 do count times.
 index = sy-index - 1.
 attr = nodemap->get_item( index ).
 name = attr->get_name( ).
 prefix = attr->get_namespace_prefix( ).
 value = attr->get_value( ).
 write: / 'ATTRIBUTE:'.
 write: at indent name color col_heading inverse, '=',
 value color col_total inverse.
 enddo.
 endif.
 when if_ixml_node=>co_node_text or
 if_ixml_node=>co_node_cdata_section.
 text node
 value = node->get_value( ).
 write: / 'VALUE :'.
mjprocha
 node_parent = node->get_parent( ).
 write: at indent value color col_group inverse.
 name2 = node_parent->get_name( ).
 write: 'NAME2: ' , name2.
 endcase.
 advance to next node
 node = iterator->get_next( ).
 endwhile.
endform. "process_dom

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