IPhone is not cataloguing music correctly under Artists

Question

I'm using an iPhone 4 connecting to a new Mac running Lion. My iTunes on my computer catalogues my music correctly by artist, but when I sync to my phone, some (but NOT all) of my music doesn't show up under the "Artists" section in the "Music" app on my phone. The music IS THERE--If I go to to the "Albums" section or the "Songs" section it shows up by album/song but the artist is not listed underneath it.
Here's an example:
I have many concerts/"albums" of the Grateful Dead that I've downloaded for free over many years. Some of these DO show up in the Artists as follows:
Grateful Dead>Fillmore West>2-11-1970
But others will NOT show up under the Artists section. They only show up in Albums.
So in other words, I can't find these concerts/albums if I try to search by Artist because THEY AREN'T LISTED, even though they are in the phone!
The other thing I've noticed is that if I look in Albums, these particular ones will show up as follows:
Boston Garden 9-25-1991
but the words "Grateful Dead" don't appear below the name of the concert/album as they should.
The ones that show up correctly under Artists have the words "Grateful Dead" under them when I view them in Albums. So there is something about the coding that is incorrect which prevents these particular albums to have the words Grateful Dead, and therefore they aren't listed when I look in Artists.
I have tried in iTunes to group by compiliation, create gapless albums, etc. and even retyped the name and artist name of each of the ones I'm having trouble with. But nothing seems to work. The Apple Store suggested I wipe out my phone and reinstall from my back up but that seems a bit extreme.
I CAN search my music via the Albums section and just bypass the whole "Artists" section altogether but I feel like there should be a solution to this. I know this is a very particular, detailed problem but would appreciate any help you can offer!
Thank you!

Answer 1

I'm also having this issue - I'm getting about 27GB of garbage data put into the iPhone's 'other' category
iPhone 5 64GB
iTunes 11.4
MBP 10.8.5
iTunes is set to 'convert larger songs to 128k AAC', and it's trying to sync a 9,500 song library which is a mixture of aiff, wav, mp3, m4p and a couple of m4v.
Previously these all fit on my iPhone a treat. Left iTunes last night after already having transferred around 7000 of them - iTunes informed me i'd have nearly 10GB space remaining. Came back this morning and iTunes shows my phone is now 15GB over capacity. It shows all the library has synced though - no greyed out songs.
When I go to the phone, that says it has 7GB space remaining and only 1700 songs synced. in the music app itself, there's very few songs in there. Looking in Settings>General>Usage, there's no visibility of where that 27GB is being used up. Music category is only 11GB (which should be more like 38GB).
Please help I've wiped and resynced my phone 3 times now, it's driving me mental: I just want to listen to music. I've never had this issue with Android's drag n drop.