IPhone sync attempt crashes iTunes immediately

Question

I'm running:
iTunes 9.0.3.15
iPhone 3GS 3.1.3
Windows 7, 64-bit
I've got all the most recent Windows updates and even recently upgraded my BIOS to see if that would help.
As soon as I connect my iPhone and iTunes begins communicating with it, iTunes hangs and then eventually crashes. I can't do anything with the iPhone while it's connected because it doesn't even show up in the devices column before iTunes crashes. This only began after the recent iTunes/iPhone update. Any advice would great.

Answer 1

It didn't give anything helpful in the error message, but I dug around and found the crash report:
Version=1
EventType=APPCRASH
EventTime=129103892469947757
ReportType=2
Consent=1
UploadTime=129103892470387782
ReportIdentifier=9f6fe4db-1741-11df-8f8e-b6ca1a58c9ef
IntegratorReportIdentifier=9f6fe4da-1741-11df-8f8e-b6ca1a58c9ef
WOW64=1
Response.BucketId=1691269956
Response.BucketTable=1
Response.type=4
Sig[0].Name=Application Name
Sig[0].Value=iTunes.exe
Sig[1].Name=Application Version
Sig[1].Value=9.0.3.15
Sig[2].Name=Application Timestamp
Sig[2].Value=4b590a69
Sig[3].Name=Fault Module Name
Sig[3].Value=iTunes.dll
Sig[4].Name=Fault Module Version
Sig[4].Value=9.0.3.15
Sig[5].Name=Fault Module Timestamp
Sig[5].Value=4b590a4b
Sig[6].Name=Exception Code
Sig[6].Value=c0000005
Sig[7].Name=Exception Offset
Sig[7].Value=00329d18
DynamicSig[1].Name=OS Version
DynamicSig[1].Value=6.1.7600.2.0.0.256.1
DynamicSig[2].Name=Locale ID
DynamicSig[2].Value=1033
DynamicSig[22].Name=Additional Information 1
DynamicSig[22].Value=0a9e
DynamicSig[23].Name=Additional Information 2
DynamicSig[23].Value=0a9e372d3b4ad19135b953a78882e789
DynamicSig[24].Name=Additional Information 3
DynamicSig[24].Value=0a9e
DynamicSig[25].Name=Additional Information 4
DynamicSig[25].Value=0a9e372d3b4ad19135b953a78882e789
UI[2]=C:\Program Files (x86)\iTunes\iTunes.exe
UI[3]=iTunes has stopped working
UI[4]=Windows can check online for a solution to the problem.
UI[5]=Check online for a solution and close the program
UI[6]=Check online for a solution later and close the program
UI[7]=Close the program
....(lots of modules loading)...
State[0].Key=Transport.DoneStage1
State[0].Value=1
FriendlyEventName=Stopped working
ConsentKey=APPCRASH
AppName=iTunes
AppPath=C:\Program Files (x86)\iTunes\iTunes.exe