Languages and charset

Hello,
I know that <meta charset="UTF-8"> will suffice for most common languages, but what about when mixing two languages on the very same webpage? I will have one webpage that will be predominantly Arabic with some English words, or can UTF-8 understnad that and not try and mirror the English text to match the Arabic becuase it reads right to left rather than left to right?
I use to use <meta http-equiv="content-language" content="ar-en" but html5 doesn't like that now
Lee

In your head region, you want your meta tag to be "en"
I do realize that is completely counterintuitive.
I created two pages for an organization in two foreign languages (Spanish and Polish). Here is what I did:
In HTML5, I just left things alone.
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">…
In the div with the spanish language: <div lang="es">
When I am using Google's Chrome, it correctly identifies that region as Spanish and offers to translate the language.
So, put your language change in the div, not on the page.
Now, for Arabic.
Your web-pages should have following <meta>-tags set:
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=windows-1256"> or
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-6">
Frankly, I would do both, because I fear that older Microsoft browsers may not correctly display the Arabic unless you define it properly for Windows.
In HTML the base direction is either set explicitly by the nearest parent element that uses the dir attribute, or, in the absence of such an attribute, the base direction is inherited from the default direction of the document, which is left-to-right (LTR).
Now, if you need to set the entire page up as Arabic and have no other language, here is what you do:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html dir="rtl" lang="ar">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">…
(this is HTML5). And one of the things you'll see is the dir element defined as "rtl" which means your text direction will be right to left for thw whole document. in Internet Explorer and Opera, applying a right-to-left direction in the html or body tag will affect the user interface, too. On both of these browsers the scroll bar will appear to the left side of the window.
But you can do this on the block level as well, just like I defined a div as Spanish:
<div dir="ltr" lang="ar"> … </div>
HTML 5 offers the auto direction control. The auto value tells the browser to look at the first strongly typed character in the element and work out from that what the base direction of the element should be. If it's a Hebrew (or Arabic, etc.) character, the element will get a direction of rtl. If it's, say, a Latin character, the direction will be ltr. This can be very useful for blogs, where you receive input that is submitted by readers.
Lastly, when you specify your typefaces, you need to build a type stack that will have the Arabic characters, but not assume that everyone is using Windows, or Mac, or Linux:
font-family: "Geeza Pro", "Nadeem", "Al Bayan", "DecoType Naskh", "DejaVu Serif", "STFangsong", "STHeiti", "STKaiti", "STSong", "AB AlBayan", "AB Geeza", "AB Kufi", "DecoType Naskh", "Aldhabi", "Andalus", "Sakkal Majalla", "Simplified Arabic", "Traditional Arabic", "Arabic Typesetting", "Urdu Typesetting", "Droid Naskh", "Droid Kufi", "Roboto", "Tahoma", "Times New Roman", "Arial", serif;
Alan Wood has an Arabic Test page: http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/arabic.html
You should also Google for "font survey" to find percentage of computers that have been found to have various fonts installed.
-Mark

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Languages and charset

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