Link Aggregate and DNS

I have set up my Xserve with a Link aggregate to provide more bandwidth for my software updates. Part of the Link Aggregation is assigning each NIC with a self-assigned IP address. This server is also bound to an Windows 2003 Active Directory domain. My problem is that this self-assigned IP address is somehow getting published to our (Windows) DNS servers. Needless to say this causes a lot of resolution errors.
Is there a way to prevent this on the Xserve side, or is it a setting on the DNS server that needs to be changed?

As background, each test I did with Ling Aggregation set a self-assigned IP address on the NICs. The Configure field is set to DHCP on the NICs, while the bonded interface has a manually set IP. What can I set that field to without deactivating the NIC?
UPDATE:
OK, I never tried setting the NICs' Configure setting to OFF. I just did that on another machine and noticed that the bonded interface still worked.
Thanks
Message was edited by: Sean Mcgarrahan

Similar Messages

Link Aggregate vs DNS

Recently, I installed Leopard Server on 3 XServes for our school. With Tiger Server, link aggregation on the XServe running DNS and ODM worked great. Once we migrated to Leopard Server, DNS just went flakey with a link aggregate bonded Ethernet setup. I am using a new HP ProCurve 2824 with the latest firmware applied to the switch.
The workaround was to split the link aggregate to the two separated Ethernet NICs.
I am wondering if this is a known bug in Leopard Server? My other Leopard Server setups not running DNS are performing great with link aggregation setup.

Just a NOTE of happenstance.

Link aggregation and DNS

Brand new Xserve intel
link aggregation turn on two network cards works great.
DNS is running but when testing i dont' resolve his own adres
Link aggregation off DNS works
What goes wrong ?
thanks

You mean if the DNS server is running on the same machine you can no longer use it if bonding the interfaces?
I only know I saw a problem when I used 127.0.0.1 as the nameserver address in Network settings on the bonded interface. Users that always get the same "macaddress locked" static IP from the DHCP server, running in the same machine, got that as the nameserver IP (from the machine's Network setting) instead of from the ones in DHCP config.
(The DHCP server config also needed to be altered to serve on the bond0 interface).
And I think the info in /etc/named.conf "to only use 127.0.0.1" is, you should only allow for alterations of DNS server settings from that IP and maybe not that you should use it as the IP in Network settings.

Non-ISP DDNS with Apple DHCP and DNS Services

I have two questions about Dynamic DNS (DDNS) as it applies to Apple's DNS and DHCP services within my home network. I am not talking about DDNS in the context of making my external-facing router available by a domain name on the Internet using the dynamically-assigned IP from my ISP.
Starting with Snow Leopard Server, I attempted to use Apple's DNS and DHCP services (I have the firmware-based DHCP service in my router turned off.) The difficulty I immediately faced was that Apple's DHCP implementation didn't update the DNS service as IPs were handed out to DHCP clients. Because of this, it wasn't possible to access hosts by their hostname, since getting a DHCP-assigned dynamic IP at boot-up didn't do anything to automagically register the hostname-to-IP mapping in DNS. Manually registering the hostname in DNS was pointless, becuase over time the client IP address can and did change. I could create static IP assignments based on the MAC address, but doing that for all of the devices on my home network sort of defeated the purpose of using dynamic IPs.
The only solution I eventually found was to go out and get an open source DHCP server, compile it for my Mac, install it, and configure it. After doing this, everything worked great; every time a new host or other device was booted it got a dynamic IP through DHCP, and then the DHCP server automatically updated Apple's DNS serive with the hostname and assigned IP. I could immediately access every device on my network by hostname. As IP addresses changed over time, the hostname-to-IP mapping in DNS was automatically updated.
Except, Apple's point upgrades kept breaking my non-Apple DHCP install. Every time I applied software updates to my server I had to go back and re-finagle DHCP to get it to automatically start and run. By the time Lion Server came out, I drank the Kool-Aid and went back to Apple's DHCP implementation. I was disappointed that it still didn't seem able to update DNS with hostnames as it assigned IPs, but I was so tired of mucking about at the command prompt to fix DHCP every time Software Updates broke it, I just lived with the inconvenience of not being able to access devices on my network by hostname.
I'm sorry to say this, but Windows Server has had this capability since at least server 2003. In fact, until I dumped my Windows Server and switched to Snow Leopard Server, I was running Microsoft's DNS and DHCP services on Server 2003 and they did exactly what I'm describing brilliantly.
Can anyone offer any advice here? Does Mountain Lion's implementation of DHCP allow for DDNS updates to the DNS service? If not, how are other people handling this? Should I go back to running Windows Server for my DNS and DHCP services? My Netgear WNDR3700 router appears to have the standard, substandard DHCP server in firmware as most home routers, and no facility for DNS at all--much less the ability to update an on-site DNS sever with IP addresess it hands out. In fact, the only appliance I know of that does this is the InfoBlox my employer uses, but that's too expensive for a home solution.
As a Post Script, I'll add that I've been VERY unhappy that I lost the ability to bind Windows clients to Open Directory under Lion Server. Since I'm starting to see articles that say this capability hasn't been added back to Mountain Lion Server, I'm seriously considering implementing a Windows Server AD master and establishing a "magic triangle" or "golden triangle". If I end up having to do that, I wonder if I might as well just go back to using Microsoft's DNS and DHCP services.

Hi,
Whether to move your DHCP to another server depends on the workload of your server. If there are too many clients on the network, you should move your DHCP to another server.
Did the record which owned by the machine generate before you configure the DnsUpdateProxy group? You can try to regenerate the record and check the result.
For more detailed information, you can view the link below.
DNS best practices
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc778439(v=ws.10).aspx
Using DNS servers with DHCP
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc787034(v=ws.10).aspx
DNS registration changes for Windows Server 2003 based DHCP Servers
http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee441167(v=ws.10).aspx
Hope this helps.
Steven Lee
TechNet Community Support

DHCP Reservation Sync and DNS Host record sync etc shown in IPAM GUI

Hello all,
I am aware of the scripts in the TechNet script center to sync DHCP leases etc to IPAM, however my question is about something else -
If you highlight an IP address (IP address inventory->select an IP), You can see fields that say: "DHCP reservation sync", "DNS PTR record sync" and "DNS host record sync" as below:
I was curious as to what these are for. Is there some built-in sync functionality for these that I perhaps have not enabled? (Don't see such options any where..)
thanks,
-Ravi

Hi Ravi ,
The three columns tell us the information of the synchronization between IPAM server and DNS server (or DHCP server) .
Here is the detailed guide for using IPAM :
Using the IPAM Client Console :
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj878351.aspx#inventory
IPAM can sync DNS and DHCP records .
The IPAM database is separate from DHCP and DNS servers on our network ,and full synchronization of hosts and IP addresses between IPAM and managed DNS or DHCP servers does not occur automatically
unless we have configured automated tasks to perform this synchronization .
For detailed information ,see
DNS and DHCP record synchronization chapter in the following link :
Multi-server Management :
https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/jj878329.aspx
Best Regards,
Leo
Please remember to mark the replies as answers if they help and unmark them if they provide no help. If you have feedback for TechNet Support, contact [email protected]

Network bridge problems linking wwan0 and eth0 [SOLVED]

Hi There,
I have just got working a 3G modem which appears as device wwan0. I am trying to link this interface to my wired ethernet eth0.
wwan0 seems to work fine with network manager, getting a IP address via dhcp works just fine and I can use the interface.
However, when I disable network manager and try to bring up the bridge with "netcfg up bridge" it times out, failing to get an lease with dhcp.
My /etc/network.d/bridge file contains the following:
INTERFACE="br0"
CONNECTION="bridge"
DESCRIPTION="Bridge wired and wireless connection"
BRIDGE_INTERFACES="eth0 wwan0"
IP="dhcp"
#FWD_DELAY=10
As per the wiki, I have tried using various values for FWD_DELAY (i.e 10 7 5,4,3,2,1,0) but nothing ..
The relevant sections of /etc/rc.conf are:
NETWORKS=(bridge)
DAEMONS=( ... net-profiles !networkmanager ...)
It seems that DHCP via networkmanager is the only way the interface gets an IP. I even tried "dhcpd br0" or "dhcpd wwan0" and they both time out.
Anyone have any suggestions?
Last edited by bmentink (2012-05-15 22:02:00)

Hi,
Ok I have this working now, here are the steps I used.
1. Allowed NetworkManager to setup the 3G Interface wwan0 with DHCP ..
2. Disabled my eth0 interface from Networkmanager by putting an entry in /etc/Networkmanager/Networkmanager.conf
3. Manually configured eth0 with a static IP of 192.168.0.1
4. did the "echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward" thing for IP forwarding
5. did the following with iptables:
iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o wwan0 -j MASQUERADE
rc.d save iptables
rc.d start iptables
6. Connected my wireless router "wan" port to eth0 and configured for 192.168.0.2 IP address and DNS servers dished up from the network ..
( .. looked at the entries in /etc/resolve.conf on the PC I am sharing the internet )
I can then connect to my wireless lan with my other computers..and on to the internet ... yahoo .. :-)
The only issue I have with this setup is getting the 3G interface to connect automatically to the network .. I ticked the box in networkmanager, but it doesn't seem to work
if I reboot the PC or take the usb T stick out and plug back in, I have to manually connect to the network with networkmanager. Does anyone know how to do this automatically ..
[edit] seems this is a known bug ... you can only auto connect when the interface power is set to "on", but stupidly it defaults to "off"
Thanks,
B.
Last edited by bmentink (2012-05-14 07:56:04)

Aggregate and non Aggregate facts.

I'm having trouble getting a non aggregated table to aggregate.
Once I create source's to accomidate an aggregate table (within say product) the non aggregated table no longer aggregates?
Any help would be appreciated...

yes aggregates and partition are done in cubes
go through these links also
aggregates
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/cbd2d390-0201-0010-8eab-a8a9269a23c2
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/2299d290-0201-0010-1a8e-880c6d3d0ade
partitioning
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/0a/cd6e3a30aac013e10000000a114084/frameset.htm

Windows server 2012 as primary DC and DNS server and windows server 2003 as secondary DC and DNS

Migration from windows server 2003 AD DC and DNS server to windows server 2012 R2,
Cannot I set up Windows server 2012 R2 as primary DC and DNS , windows server 2003 as secondary DC and DNS ? (for backup server when server 2012 fail, user can continue to login and access internet services)

You can mix both as long as your Forest and Domain Functional level are Windows Server 2003. However, I would like to bring your attention to this blog about known problems when mixing DCs with Windows Server 2003 and 2012 R2 OS:
http://blogs.technet.com/b/askds/archive/2014/07/23/it-turns-out-that-weird-things-can-happen-when-you-mix-windows-server-2003-and-windows-server-2012-r2-domain-controllers.aspx
This posting is provided AS IS with no warranties or guarantees , and confers no rights.
Ahmed MALEK
My Website Link
My Linkedin Profile
My MVP Profile

Small confusion about aggregates and attribute change run.. plz explain

hi bw experts,
i am having a small confusion regarding the aggregates and attribute change run.
as far as in know if there is any new master data loaded, then we will activate it by context menu on the particular info object and select the option activate master data.
the second one is going to tools--?apply hierarchy/attribute change run option.
my doubt is is the attribute change run related to aggregates is yes then how,.?
appreciated if you plz help me in detail both these concepts and wherther there is any connection between them.
thanks & regards.
vijay..

Hi Vijay sagar,
ATTRIBUTE CHANGE RUN:
1)It's used after you change (add/delete/modify) attribute in the master data. You've to make it in order to have an effect after you modify it.
2)Once the master data has been loaded, the hierarchy/attribute change run is performed. Once this process chain has been ended correctly, master data and texts are available in an active format in SAP BW.
To get it :
1. tcode : RSA1.
2. Tools -> Apply Hierarchy/Attribute Change
3. tap on Info-object list button (checking what master data you've modified before).
4. tap on selection button for type of job
5. Execute.
link(s):
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw2004s/helpdata/en/80/1a67ece07211d2acb80000e829fbfe/frameset.htm
AGGREGATES:
1)Aggregates make it possible to access InfoCube data quickly in reporting. In doing so, aggregates help improve performance. (See Aggregate.)
2)In order to be able to insert aggregates effectively, it is important to find out which aggregates are frequently used or have not been used in a long time.
3)Aggregates contains not only general data but also data that appears in an aggregate after data is filled and rolled up. Reporting in this InfoCube reveals how often data was loaded into an aggregate, how long filling and rolling up took, and whether it took longer to read or write the data.
4)Adding when Rolling Up in Aggregate counts the time required to write the data to the aggregate.
The Records, Read for Aggregate Structure key figure counts the data records that are read for constructing the aggregate.
Refer the following link:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/en/3d/5fb13cd0500255e10000000a114084/frameset.htm
Assign points if it helps u
Thanks & Regards,
Madhusudhan Reddy.K

Difference Between Aggregates and Compression

Hi,
Can you tell me what is the difference between Aggregates and Compression?
I know ,once compressed data is not available for deletion in request wise
and it moves from F table to E table .
Aggregates means ,data will move from cube to aggreagates(Baby cubes).
But my query is ,As both of them aggregates the data.which of them should be used. at what situation?
I hope you understood my Query.
Regards.
Naresh.

Hi,
An aggregate is a materialized, aggregated view of the data in an InfoCube. In an aggregate, the dataset of an InfoCube is saved redundantly and persistently in a consolidated form into the database.
Aggregates make it possible to access InfoCube data quickly in Reporting. Aggregates serve, in a similar way to database indexes, to improve performance.
especially in the following cases we create aggregates:
The execution and navigation of query data leads to delays with a group of queries.
You want to speed up the execution and navigation of a specific query.
You often use attributes in queries.
You want to speed up reporting with characteristic hierarchies by aggregating specific hierarchy levels.
For more info on aggregates go though the link below
https://help.sap.com/saphelp_sem320bw/helpdata/en/c5/40813b680c250fe10000000a114084/frameset.htm
Compression creates a new cube that has consolidated and summed duplicate information.
2. When you compress, BW does a group by on dimensions and a sum on measures... this eliminates redundent
information.
3. Compressed infocubes require less storage space and are faster for retrieval of information.
4. Once a cube is compressed, you cannot alter the information in it. This can be a big problem if there
is an error in some of the data that has been compressed.
For more info go though the below link
http://www.sap-img.com/business/infocube-compression.htm
Regards,
Marasa.

DynaDNS Bonjour and DNS Service Discovery

Ok I have been useing the Time Capsule from the time it came out I am exspanding my home network and am trying to do it as layed out in this link
http://dyn.com/support/airport-time-capsule-with-dynamic-dns/ and http://dyn.com/support/bonjour-and-dns-discovery/ but I can not find the settings shown in the screen shots I have firmware 7.6.1 and airport utility 6.1 can I roll back the firmware or get an older copy of the utility so this can be set up? or is it just hidden in a difrent spot.

To follow along with the screen shots, you will need v5.6 of the AirPort Utility. You can download it directly from Apple here.

How to Bind a Combo Box so that it retrieves and display content corresponding to the Id in a link table and populates itself with the data in the main table?

I am developing a desktop application in Wpf using MVVM and Entity Frameworks. I have the following tables:
1. Party (PartyId, Name)
2. Case (CaseId, CaseNo)
3. Petitioner (CaseId, PartyId) ............. Link Table
I am completely new to .Net and to begin with I download Microsoft's sample application and
following the pattern I have been successful in creating several tabs. The problem started only when I wanted to implement many-to-many relationship. The sample application has not covered the scenario where there can be a any-to-many relationship. However
with the help of MSDN forum I came to know about a link table and managed to solve entity framework issues pertaining to many-to-many relationship. Here is the screenshot of my application to show you what I have achieved so far.
And now the problem I want the forum to address is how to bind a combo box so that it retrieves Party.Name for the corresponding PartyId in the Link Table and also I want to populate it with Party.Name so that
users can choose one from the dropdown list to add or edit the petitioner.

Hello Barry,
Thanks a lot for responding to my query. As I am completely new to .Net and following the pattern of Microsoft's Employee Tracker sample it seems difficult to clearly understand the concept and implement it in a scenario which is different than what is in
the sample available at the link you supplied.
To get the idea of the thing here is my code behind of a view vBoxPetitioner:
<UserControl x:Class="CCIS.View.Case.vBoxPetitioner"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:v="clr-namespace:CCIS.View.Case"
xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:CCIS.ViewModel.Case"
mc:Ignorable="d"
d:DesignWidth="300"
d:DesignHeight="200">
<UserControl.Resources>
<DataTemplate DataType="{x:Type vm:vmPetitioner}">
<v:vPetitioner Margin="0,2,0,0" />
</DataTemplate>
</UserControl.Resources>
<Grid>
<HeaderedContentControl>
<HeaderedContentControl.Header>
<StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal" HorizontalAlignment="Right">
<TextBlock Margin="2">
<Hyperlink Command="{Binding Path=AddPetitionerCommand}">Add Petitioner</Hyperlink>
| <Hyperlink Command="{Binding Path=DeletePetitionerCommand}">Delete</Hyperlink>
</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</HeaderedContentControl.Header>
<ListBox BorderThickness="0" SelectedItem="{Binding Path=CurrentPetitioner, Mode=TwoWay}" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=tblParties}" />
</HeaderedContentControl>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
This part is working fine as it loads another view that is vPetioner perfectly in the manner I want it to be.
Here is the code of vmPetitioner, a ViewModel:
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
Imports System.Collections.ObjectModel
Imports System
Imports CCIS.Model.Party
Namespace CCIS.ViewModel.Case
''' <summary>
''' ViewModel of an individual Email
''' </summary>
Public Class vmPetitioner
Inherits vmParty
''' <summary>
''' The Email object backing this ViewModel
''' </summary>
Private petitioner As tblParty
''' <summary>
''' Initializes a new instance of the EmailViewModel class.
''' </summary>
''' <param name="detail">The underlying Email this ViewModel is to be based on</param>
Public Sub New(ByVal detail As tblParty)
If detail Is Nothing Then
Throw New ArgumentNullException("detail")
End If
Me.petitioner = detail
End Sub
''' <summary>
''' Gets the underlying Email this ViewModel is based on
''' </summary>
Public Overrides ReadOnly Property Model() As tblParty
Get
Return Me.petitioner
End Get
End Property
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the actual email address
''' </summary>
Public Property fldPartyId() As String
Get
Return Me.petitioner.fldPartyId
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
Me.petitioner.fldPartyId = value
Me.OnPropertyChanged("fldPartyId")
End Set
End Property
End Class
End Namespace
And below is the ViewMode vmParty which vmPetitioner Inherits:
Imports Microsoft.VisualBasic
Imports System
Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports CCIS.Model.Case
Imports CCIS.Model.Party
Imports CCIS.ViewModel.Helpers
Namespace CCIS.ViewModel.Case
''' <summary>
''' Common functionality for ViewModels of an individual ContactDetail
''' </summary>
Public MustInherit Class vmParty
Inherits ViewModelBase
''' <summary>
''' Gets the underlying ContactDetail this ViewModel is based on
''' </summary>
Public MustOverride ReadOnly Property Model() As tblParty
'''' <summary>
'''' Gets the underlying ContactDetail this ViewModel is based on
'''' </summary>
'Public MustOverride ReadOnly Property Model() As tblAdvocate
''' <summary>
''' Gets or sets the name of this department
''' </summary>
Public Property fldName() As String
Get
Return Me.Model.fldName
End Get
Set(ByVal value As String)
Me.Model.fldName = value
Me.OnPropertyChanged("fldName")
End Set
End Property
''' <summary>
''' Constructs a view model to represent the supplied ContactDetail
''' </summary>
''' <param name="detail">The detail to build a ViewModel for</param>
''' <returns>The constructed ViewModel, null if one can't be built</returns>
Public Shared Function BuildViewModel(ByVal detail As tblParty) As vmParty
If detail Is Nothing Then
Throw New ArgumentNullException("detail")
End If
Dim e As tblParty = TryCast(detail, tblParty)
If e IsNot Nothing Then
Return New vmPetitioner(e)
End If
Return Nothing
End Function
End Class
End Namespace
And final the code behind of the view vPetitioner:
<UserControl x:Class="CCIS.View.Case.vPetitioner"
xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
xmlns:vm="clr-namespace:CCIS.ViewModel.Case"
mc:Ignorable="d"
Width="300">
<UserControl.Resources>
<ResourceDictionary Source=".\CompactFormStyles.xaml" />
</UserControl.Resources>
<Grid>
<Border Style="{StaticResource DetailBorder}">
<Grid>
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto" />
<ColumnDefinition Width="*" />
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<TextBlock Grid.Column="0" Text="Petitioner:" />
<ComboBox Grid.Column="1" Width="240" SelectedValuePath="." SelectedItem="{Binding Path=tblParty}" ItemsSource="{Binding Path=PetitionerLookup}" DisplayMemberPath="fldName" />
</Grid>
</Border>
</Grid>
</UserControl>
The problem, presumably, seems to be is that the binding path "PetitionerLookup" of the ItemSource of the Combo box in the view vPetitioner exists in a different ViewModel vmCase which serves as an ObservableCollection for MainViewModel. Therefore,
what I need to Know is how to route the binding path if it exists in a different ViewModel?
Sir, I look forward to your early reply bringing a workable solution to the problem I face.
Warm Regards,
Arun

If my phone service is disconnected, can I still use the number to iMessage? Under my setting in iMessages it only allows me to select my linked emails and the telephone number is there but grayed out and i can't seletect it !

If my phone service is disconnected, can I still use the number to iMessage? Under my setting in iMessages it only allows me to select my linked emails and the telephone number is there but grayed out and i can't seletect it ! It wont activate. I just recentely got AT&T. When I had verizon before and my phone got disconnected it allowed me to still iMessage off my number.

If your phone service is disconnected, it's not your number any more.
If you "just got AT&T", how can it be disconnected?

I am trying to setup Microsoft office mail and need assistance - I am receiving the error, unable to find server and DNS setting in the Network

I am trying to setup Microsoft office mail and need assistance - I am receiving the error, unable to find server and DNS setting in the Network

Which version of OSX and what email provider are you using.

OK, I need to be able to have a linked TOC, and also have destinations created in FM10 that will not be lost when I 1. Save the book as a PDF. then 2. need the PDF to be as small as possible, but without losing my destinations. Anyone know how to do that

OK, I need to be able to have a linked TOC, and also have destinations created in FM10 that will not be lost when I 1. Save the book as a PDF; then 2. I need the PDF to be as small as possible, but without losing my destinations. Anyone know how to do that??
I had been saving as a PDF and then reducing the size of the PDF by printing it as a PDF with a degree of image compression. I write manuals with a LOT of screen captures and line art that needs to be clear. So it is a balancing act between image clarity and PDF size. The PDFs on the web need to be smaller - sure you can undertsand.
Anyway, when I print the PDF again, I lose both my destinations and bookmarks.
Anyone know of any way to avoid that?

Control the images by creating a custom PDF Job Options and then selecting it in the PDF Job Options drop-down of the PDF setup dialog box (File > Save as PDF...)
Create the custom PDF Job Options file with Distiller. If you do not have Distiller, open the Printing Preferences of the Adobe PDF printer. Start with the Smallest File Size Job Options settings and Edit.

Link Aggregate and DNS

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for