Lion Server with PCs on Network

This setup would be a Mac mini running OS X Lion Server serving only PCs.
Anyone have experience and comments/suggestions on using Lion Server to serve PCs in a classroom environment? (Small school)
What do you do about virus protection for PCs? Local installation on each?
What additional software would you recommend for this type of setup?
Any ideas or suggestions would be greatly appreciated!!!

My office has 4 Macs and 3 PC's. We use a Mac Mini running Lion Server. The Sharing of files and assigning users and permissions is no problem. However, because I run just 3 PCs I have each with their own Anti-virus and their own backup software, backing up to a shared drive on the server.

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    I have a Mountain Lion Server with a network user. The whole system has been redone from Lion Server and on top of that I moved location, ISP, hardware and a few other things. The way I used the setup on Lion was to bind my MBP to the server and login from the MBP login window with the network account. If for whatever reason I wanted to look at the network account on the server, I could fast user swtich and everything that was open ie Safari, Mail, etc would be the same as it was on the MBP.
    Now if I'm logged into the network user on the MBP and then go to the server, it logs in as if I've just booted. They share the home folder and any new files/folders created on one shows on the other. But if Mail is open on the MBP it won't be open on the server.
    Does anyone have any ideas or suggestions?

    Thanks for your reply.
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  • Screen sharing to OS X Lion Server with non-admin account

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  • I just purchased the Mac Mini Server with the intention of replacing Lion Server with Lion for the first hard drive while installing Windows 7 thru Bootcamp on the second hard drive. Is it possible for me to do this? Thanks.

    I just purchased the Mac Mini Server with the intention of replacing Lion Server with Lion for the first hard drive while installing Windows 7 thru Bootcamp on the second hard drive. Is it possible for me to do this? Thanks.

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  • Restore a user's Address Book on Lion Server with TimeMachine available

    Has anybody found the solution to restore a single user's Address Book on Lion Server with TimeMachine available

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  • Sharing a Calendar from Mountain Lion server with Snow Leopard users on local network

    Hello.
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  • How To Install A (Almost) Working Lion Server With Profile Management/SSL/OD/Mail/iCal/Address Book/VNC/Web/etc.

    I recently installed a fresh version of Lion Server after attempting to fix a broken upgrade. With some help from others, I've managed to get all the new features working and have kept notes, having found that many or most of the necessary installation steps for both the OS and its services are almost entirely undocumented. When you get them working, they work great, but the entire process is very fragile, with simple setup steps causing breaks or even malicious behaviors. In case this is useful to others, here are my notes.
    Start with an erased, virgin, single guid partitioned drive. Not an upgrade. Not simply a repartitioned drive. Erased. Clean. Anything else can and probably will break the Lion Server install, as I discovered myself more than once. Before erasing my drive, I already had Lion and made a Lion install DVD from instructions widely available on the web. I suppose you could also boot into the Lion recovery partition and use disk utility to erase the OS X partition then install a new partition, but I cut a DVD. The bottom line is to erase any old OS partitions. And of course to have multiple, independent backups: I use both Time Machine with a modified StdExclusions.plist and Carbon Copy Cloner.
    Also, if you will be running your own personal cloud, you will want to know your domain name ahead of time, as this will be propagated everywhere throughout server, and changing anything related to SSL on Lion Server is a nightmare that I haven't figured out. If you don't yet have a domain name, go drop ten dollars at namecheap.com or wherever and reserve one before you start. Soemday someone will document how to change this stuff without breaking Lion Server, but we're not there yet. I'll assume the top-level domain name "domain.com" here.
    Given good backups, a Lion Install DVD (or Recovery Partition), and a domain name, here are the steps, apparently all of which must be more-or-less strictly followed in this order.
    DVD>Disk Utility>Erase Disk  [or Recovery Partition>Disk Utility>Erase Partition]
    DVD>Install Lion
    Reboot, hopefully Lion install kicks in
    Update, update, update Lion (NOT Lion Server yet) until no more updates
    System Preferences>Network>Static IP on the LAN (say 10.0.1.2) and Computer name ("server" is a good standbye)
    Terminal>$ sudo scutil --set HostName server.domain.com
    App Store>Install Lion Server and run through the Setup
    Download install Server Admin Tools, then update, update, update until no more updates
    Server Admin>DNS>Zones [IF THIS WASN'T AUTOMAGICALLY CREATED (mine wasn't): Add zone domain.com with Nameserver "server.domain.com." (that's a FQDN terminated with a period) and a Mail Exchanger (MX record) "server.domain.com." with priority 10. Add Record>Add Machine (A record) server.domain.com pointing to the server's static IP. You can add fancier DNS aliases and a simpler MX record below after you get through the crucial steps.]
    System Prefs>Network>Advanced>Set your DNS server to 127.0.0.1
    A few DNS set-up steps and these most important steps:
    A. Check that the Unix command "hostname" returns the correct hostname and you can see this hostname in Server.app>Hardware>Network
    B. Check that DNS works: the unix commands "host server.domain.com" and "host 10.0.1.2" (assuming that that's your static IP) should point to each other. Do not proceed until DNS works.
    C. Get Apple Push Notification Services CA via Server.app>Hardware>Settings><Click toggle, Edit... get a new cert ...>
    D. Server.app>Profile Manager>Configure... [Magic script should create OD Master, signed SSL cert]
    E. Server.app>Hardware>Settings>SSL Certificate> [Check to make sure it's set to the one just created]
    F. Using Server.app, turn on the web, then Server.app>Profile Manager> [Click on hyperlink to get to web page, e.g. server.domain.com/profilemanager] Upper RHS pull-down, install Trust Profile
    G. Keychain Access>System>Certificates [Find the automatically generated cert "Domain", the one that is a "Root certificate authority", Highlight and Export as .cer, email to all iOS devices, and click on the authority on the device. It should be entered as a trusted CA on all iOS devices. While you're at it, highlight and Export... as a .cer the certificate "IntermediateCA_SERVER.DOMAIN.COM_1", which is listed an an "Intermediate CA" -- you will use this to establish secure SSL connections with remote browsers hitting your server.]
    H. iOS on LAN: browse to server.domain.com/mydevices> [click on LHS Install trust cert, then RHS Enroll device.
    I. Test from web browser server.domain.com/mydevices: Lock Device to test
    J. ??? Profit
    12. Server Admin>DNS>Zones> Add convenient DNS alias records if necessary, e.g., mail.domain.com, smtp.domain.com, www.domain.com. If you want to refer to your box using the convenient shorthand "domain.com", you must enter the A record (NOT alias) "domain.com." FQDN pointing to the server's fixed IP. You can also enter the convenient short MX record "domain.com." with priority 11. This will all work on the LAN -- all these settings must be mirrored on the outside internet using the service from which you registered domain.com.
    You are now ready to begin turning on your services. Here are a few important details and gotchas setting up cloud services.
    Firewall
    Server Admin>Firewall>Services> Open up all ports needed by whichever services you want to run and set up your router (assuming that your server sits behind a router) to port forward these ports to your router's LAN IP. This is most a straightforward exercise in grepping for the correct ports on this page, but there are several jaw-droppingly undocumented omissions of crucial ports for Push Services and Device Enrollment. If you want to enroll your iOS devices, make sure port 1640 is open. If you want Push Notifications to work (you do), then ports 2195, 2196, 5218, and 5223 must be open. The Unix commands "lsof -i :5218" and "nmap -p 5218 server.domain.com" (nmap available from Macports after installing Xcode from the App Store) help show which ports are open.
    SSH
    Do this with strong security. Server.app to turn on remote logins (open port 22), but edit /etc/sshd_config to turn off root and password logins.
    PermitRootLogin no
    PasswordAuthentication no
    ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
    I'm note sure if toggling the Allow remote logins will load this config file or, run "sudo launchctl unload -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/org.openbsd.ssh-agent.plist ; sudo launchctl load -w /System/Library/LaunchAgents/org.openbsd.ssh-agent.plist" to restart the server's ssh daemon.
    Then use ssh-keygen on remote client to generate public/private keys that can be used to remotely login to the server.
    client$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048 -C client_name
    [Securely copy ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub from client to server.]
    server$ cat id_rsa.pub > ~/.ssh/known_hosts
    I also like DenyHosts, which emails detected ssh attacks to [email protected]. It's amazing how many ssh attacks there are on any open port 22. Not really an added security feature if you've turned off password logins, but good to monitor. Here's a Lion Server diff for the config file /usr/share/denyhosts:
    $ diff denyhosts.cfg-dist denyhosts.cfg
    12c12
    < SECURE_LOG = /var/log/secure
    > #SECURE_LOG = /var/log/secure
    22a23
    > SECURE_LOG = /var/log/secure.log
    34c35
    < HOSTS_DENY = /etc/hosts.deny
    > #HOSTS_DENY = /etc/hosts.deny
    40a42,44
    > #
    > # Mac OS X Lion Server
    > HOSTS_DENY = /private/etc/hosts.deny
    195c199
    < LOCK_FILE = /var/lock/subsys/denyhosts
    > #LOCK_FILE = /var/lock/subsys/denyhosts
    202a207,208
    > LOCK_FILE = /var/denyhosts/denyhosts.pid
    > #
    219c225
    < ADMIN_EMAIL =
    > ADMIN_EMAIL = [email protected]
    286c292
    < #SYSLOG_REPORT=YES
    > SYSLOG_REPORT=YES
    Network Accounts
    User Server.app to create your network accounts; do not use Workgroup Manager. If you use Workgroup Manager, as I did, then your accounts will not have email addresses specified and iCal Server WILL NOT COMPLETELY WORK. Well, at least collaboration through network accounts will be handled clunkily through email, not automatically as they should. If you create a network account using Workgroup Manager, then edit that account using Server.app to specify the email to which iCal invitations may be sent. Server.app doesn't say anything about this, but that's one thing that email address entry is used for. This still isn't quite solid on Lion Server, as my Open Directory logs on a freshly installed Lion Server are filled with errors that read:
    2011-12-12 15:05:52.425 EST - Module: SystemCache - Misconfiguration detected in hash 'Kerberos':
         User 'uname' (/LDAPv3/127.0.0.1) - ID 1031 - UUID 98B4DF30-09CF-42F1-6C31-9D55FE4A0812 - SID S-0-8-83-8930552043-0845248631-7065481045-9092
    Oh well.
    Email
    Email aliases are handled with the file /private/etc/postfix/aliases. Do something like this
    root:           myname
    admin:          myname
    sysadmin:       myname
    certadmin:      myname
    webmaster:      myname
    my_alternate:   myname
    Then run "sudo newaliases". If your ISP is Comcast or some other large provider, you probably must proxy your outgoing mail through their SMTP servers to avoid being blocked as a spammer (a lot of SMTP servers will block email from Comcast/whatever IP addresses that isn't sent by Comcast). Use Server.app>Mail to enter your account information. Even then, the Lion Server default setup may fail using this proxy. I had to do this with the file /private/etc/postfix/main.cf:
    cd /etc/postfix
    sudo cp ./main.cf ./main.cf.no_smtp_sasl_security_options
    sudo echo 'smtp_sasl_security_options = noanonymous' >> ./main.cf
    sudo serveradmin stop mail
    sudo serveradmin start mail
    Finally, make sure that you're running a blacklisting srevice yourself! Server Admin>Mail>Filter> Use spamhaus.org as a blacklister. Finally, set up mail to use strong Kerberos/MD5 settings under on Server Admin>Mail>Advanced. Turn off password and clear logins. The settings should be set to "Use" your SSL cert, NOT "Require". "Require" consistently breaks things for me.
    If you already installed the server's Trust Certificate as described above (and opened up the correct ports), email to your account should be pushed out to all clients.
    iCal Server
    Server.app>Calendar>Turn ON and Allow Email Invitations, Edit... . Whatever you do, do NOT enter your own email account information in this GUI. You must enter the account information for local user com.apple.calendarserver, and the password for this account, which is stored in the System keychain: Keychain Access>System> Item com.apple.servermgr_calendar. Double-click and Show Password, copy and paste into Server.app dialog. This is all described in depth here. If you enter your own account information here (DO NOT!), the iCal Server will delete all Emails in your Inbox just as soon as it reads them, exactly like it works for user com.apple.calendarserver. Believe me, you don't want to discover this "feature", which I expect will be more tightly controlled in some future update.
    Web
    The functionality of Server.app's Web management is pretty limited and awful, but a few changes to the file /etc/apache2/httpd.conf will give you a pretty capable and flexible web server, just one that you must manage by hand. Here's a diff for httpd.conf:
    $ diff httpd.conf.default httpd.conf
    95c95
    < #LoadModule ssl_module libexec/apache2/mod_ssl.so
    > LoadModule ssl_module libexec/apache2/mod_ssl.so
    111c111
    < #LoadModule php5_module libexec/apache2/libphp5.so
    > LoadModule php5_module libexec/apache2/libphp5.so
    139,140c139,140
    < #LoadModule auth_digest_apple_module libexec/apache2/mod_auth_digest_apple.so
    < #LoadModule encoding_module libexec/apache2/mod_encoding.so
    > LoadModule auth_digest_apple_module libexec/apache2/mod_auth_digest_apple.so
    > LoadModule encoding_module libexec/apache2/mod_encoding.so
    146c146
    < #LoadModule xsendfile_module libexec/apache2/mod_xsendfile.so
    > LoadModule xsendfile_module libexec/apache2/mod_xsendfile.so
    177c177
    < ServerAdmin [email protected]
    > ServerAdmin [email protected]
    186c186
    < #ServerName www.example.com:80
    > ServerName domain.com:443
    677a678,680
    > # Server-specific configuration
    > # sudo apachectl -D WEBSERVICE_ON -D MACOSXSERVER -k restart
    > Include /etc/apache2/mydomain/*.conf
    I did "sudo mkdir /etc/apache2/mydomain" and add specific config files for various web pages to host. For example, here's a config file that will host the entire contents of an EyeTV DVR, all password controlled with htdigest ("htdigest ~uname/.htdigest EyeTV uname"). Browsing to https://server.domain.com/eyetv points to /Users/uname/Sites/EyeTV, in which there's an index.php script that can read and display the EyeTV archive at https://server.domain.com/eyetv_archive. If you want Apache username accounts with twiddles as in https://server.domain.com/~uname, specify "UserDir Sites" in the configuration file.
    Alias /eyetv /Users/uname/Sites/EyeTV
    <Directory "/Users/uname/Sites/EyeTV">
        AuthType Digest
        AuthName "EyeTV"
        AuthUserFile /Users/uname/.htdigest
        AuthGroupFile /dev/null
        Require user uname
        Options Indexes MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>
    Alias /eyetv_archive "/Volumes/Macintosh HD2/Documents/EyeTV Archive"
    <Directory "/Volumes/Macintosh HD2/Documents/EyeTV Archive">
        AuthType Digest
        AuthName "EyeTV"
        AuthUserFile /Users/uname/.htdigest
        AuthGroupFile /dev/null
        Require user uname
        Options Indexes MultiViews
        AllowOverride All
        Order allow,deny
        Allow from all
    </Directory>
    I think you can turn Web off/on in Server.app to relaunch apached, or simply "sudo apachectl -D WEBSERVICE_ON -D MACOSXSERVER -k restart".
    Securely copy to all desired remote clients the file IntermediateCA_SERVER.DOMAIN.COM_1.cer, which you exported from System Keychain above. Add this certificate to your remote keychain and trust it, allowing secure connections between remote clients and your server. Also on remote clients: Firefox>Advanced>Encryption>View Certificates>Authorities>Import...> Import this certificate into your browser. Now there should be a secure connection to https://server.domain.com without any SSL warnings.
    One caveat is that there should be a nice way to establish secure SSL to https://domain.com and https://www.domain.com, but the automagically created SSL certificate only knows about server.domain.com. I attempted to follow this advice when I originally created the cert and add these additional domains (under "Subject Alternate Name Extension"), but the cert creation UI failed when I did this, so I just gave up. I hope that by the time these certs expire, someone posts some documentation on how to manage and change Lion Server SSL scripts AFTER the server has been promoted to an Open Directory Master. In the meantime, it would be much appreciated if anyone can post either how to add these additional domain names to the existing cert, or generate and/or sign a cert with a self-created Keychain Access root certificate authority. In my experience, any attempt to mess with the SSL certs automatically generated just breaks Lion Server.
    Finally, if you don't want a little Apple logo as your web page icon, create your own 16×16 PNG and copy it to the file /Library/Server/Web/Data/Sites/Default/favicon.ico. And request that all web-crawling robots go away with the file /Library/Server/Web/Data/Sites/Default/robots.txt:
    User-agent: *
    Disallow: /
    Misc
    VNC easily works with iOS devices -- use a good passphrase. Edit /System/Library/LaunchDaemons/org.postgresql.postgres.plist and set "listen_addresses=127.0.0.1" to allow PostgreSQL connections over localhost. I've also downloaded snort/base/swatch to build an intrusion detection system, and used Macports's squid+privoxy to build a privacy-enhanced ad-blocking proxy server.

    Privacy Enhancing Filtering Proxy and SSH Tunnel
    Lion Server comes with its own web proxy, but chaining Squid and Privoxy together provides a capable and effective web proxy that can block ads and malicious scripts, and conceal information used to track you around the web. I've posted a simple way to build and use a privacy enhancing web proxy here. While you're at it, configure your OS and browsers to block Adobe Flash cookies and block Flash access to your camera, microphone, and peer networks. Read this WSJ article series to understand how this impacts your privacy. If you configure it to allow use for anyone on your LAN, be sure to open up ports 3128, 8118, and 8123 on your firewall.
    If you've set up ssh and/or VPN as above, you can securely tunnel in to your proxy from anywhere. The syntax for ssh tunnels is a little obscure, so I wrote a little ssh tunnel script with a simpler flexible syntax. This script also allows secure tunnels to other services like VNC (port 5900). If you save this to a file ./ssht (and chmod a+x ./ssht), example syntax to establish an ssh tunnel through localhost:8080 (or, e.g., localhost:5901 for secure VNC Screen Sharing connects) looks like:
    $ ./ssht 8080:[email protected]:3128
    $ ./ssht 8080:alice@:
    $ ./ssht 8080:
    $ ./ssht 8018::8123
    $ ./ssht 5901::5900  [Use the address localhost:5901 for secure VNC connects using OS X's Screen Sharing or Chicken of the VNC (sudo port install cotvnc)]
    $ vi ./ssht
    #!/bin/sh
    # SSH tunnel to squid/whatever proxy: ssht [-p ssh_port] [localhost_port:][user_name@][ip_address][:remotehost][:remote_port]
    USERNAME_DEFAULT=username
    HOSTNAME_DEFAULT=domain.com
    SSHPORT_DEFAULT=22
    # SSH port forwarding specs, e.g. 8080:localhost:3128
    LOCALHOSTPORT_DEFAULT=8080      # Default is http proxy 8080
    REMOTEHOST_DEFAULT=localhost    # Default is localhost
    REMOTEPORT_DEFAULT=3128         # Default is Squid port
    # Parse ssh port and tunnel details if specified
    SSHPORT=$SSHPORT_DEFAULT
    TUNNEL_DETAILS=$LOCALHOSTPORT_DEFAULT:$USERNAME_DEFAULT@$HOSTNAME_DEFAULT:$REMOT EHOST_DEFAULT:$REMOTEPORT_DEFAULT
    while [ "$1" != "" ]
    do
      case $1
      in
        -p) shift;                  # -p option
            SSHPORT=$1;
            shift;;
         *) TUNNEL_DETAILS=$1;      # 1st argument option
            shift;;
      esac
    done
    # Get local and remote ports, username, and hostname from the command line argument: localhost_port:user_name@ip_address:remote_host:remote_port
    shopt -s extglob                        # needed for +(pattern) syntax; man sh
    LOCALHOSTPORT=$LOCALHOSTPORT_DEFAULT
    USERNAME=$USERNAME_DEFAULT
    HOSTNAME=$HOSTNAME_DEFAULT
    REMOTEHOST=$REMOTEHOST_DEFAULT
    REMOTEPORT=$REMOTEPORT_DEFAULT
    # LOCALHOSTPORT
    CDR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS#+([0-9]):}         # delete shortest leading +([0-9]):
    CAR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS%%$CDR}             # cut this string from TUNNEL_DETAILS
    CAR=${CAR%:}                            # delete :
    if [ "$CAR" != "" ]                     # leading or trailing port specified
    then
        LOCALHOSTPORT=$CAR
    fi
    TUNNEL_DETAILS=$CDR
    # REMOTEPORT
    CDR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS%:+([0-9])}         # delete shortest trailing :+([0-9])
    CAR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS##$CDR}             # cut this string from TUNNEL_DETAILS
    CAR=${CAR#:}                            # delete :
    if [ "$CAR" != "" ]                     # leading or trailing port specified
    then
        REMOTEPORT=$CAR
    fi
    TUNNEL_DETAILS=$CDR
    # REMOTEHOST
    CDR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS%:*}                # delete shortest trailing :*
    CAR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS##$CDR}             # cut this string from TUNNEL_DETAILS
    CAR=${CAR#:}                            # delete :
    if [ "$CAR" != "" ]                     # leading or trailing port specified
    then
        REMOTEHOST=$CAR
    fi
    TUNNEL_DETAILS=$CDR
    # USERNAME
    CDR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS#*@}                # delete shortest leading +([0-9]):
    CAR=${TUNNEL_DETAILS%%$CDR}             # cut this string from TUNNEL_DETAILS
    CAR=${CAR%@}                            # delete @
    if [ "$CAR" != "" ]                     # leading or trailing port specified
    then
        USERNAME=$CAR
    fi
    TUNNEL_DETAILS=$CDR
    # HOSTNAME
    HOSTNAME=$TUNNEL_DETAILS
    if [ "$HOSTNAME" == "" ]                # no hostname given
    then
        HOSTNAME=$HOSTNAME_DEFAULT
    fi
    ssh -p $SSHPORT -L $LOCALHOSTPORT:$REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPORT -l $USERNAME $HOSTNAME -f -C -q -N \
        && echo "SSH tunnel established via $LOCALHOSTPORT:$REMOTEHOST:$REMOTEPORT\n\tto $USERNAME@$HOSTNAME:$SSHPORT." \
        || echo "SSH tunnel FAIL."

  • Mountain Lion Server with Windows 8.1 Client communication problems

    We have a Mountain Lions Server and several diffent Clients that need access to it.
    Macs work fine  Linux clients work fine
    Windows 8.1 only "sees" the router but not the Server or the Printer
    the "Windows proofs" tell me its a Problem with the server
    has anyone an Idea what I can do?
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    @ Templeton Pack
    I know this is a Mac Community
    and no google doesn't solve all Problems

    Well no, Google doesn't solve all problems, but its a great place to start.
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    What do you mean by "Windows only sees the router, not the server"?  What does "sees" mean in this context?
    Who / what is Windows proofs?
    How are you trying to access the server?  SMB file sharing?  If so, how are you trying to connect?  What happens when you try?  Do the users trying to authenticate to the server have an account on it and access to the necessary services?

  • Lion Server with mountain lion computers?

    Hello,
    So i am running a mac pro 1.1 with Lion server because it won't run mountain lion, I am thinking about upgrading my other computers to mountain lion are there any issues or features that aren't availible or will be problematic?
    Thanks

    The difference between case 1 and cases 2-4 are that in 1 the client is letting the server expand the group membership, and in 2-4 it's the client doing that expansion.  The group members returned by the server when it expands the group are "guaranteed" to work because the server definitely knows about them (and providing them to the client).  In the cases where it's the client adding the attendees, I suppose there must be some mismatch sometimes, although I don't know what that could be if the email addresses are the same between the users you've created via Contacts.app and the users you've created via Server.app.
    I actually tried this setup and it was working fine.  What caused you to want to duplicate the users and groups that you have in Server.app into Contacts.app?

  • Can't acces lion server with Mountain Lion

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