Logic behind '*' in SQL

How does *(star symbol) work in select statements of SQL? How will this symbol recognise that it should return all columns in the select statements. Is this symbol defined anywhere. Please explain the logic behind this.
Is there any other function performed by *(star).
Thanks & Regards,
Mohan

Some points from the documentation:
* (asterisk):
Specify the asterisk to select all columns from all tables, views, or materialized views listed in the FROM clause.
If you are selecting from a table rather than from a view or a materialized view, then columns that have been marked as UNUSED by the ALTER TABLE SET UNUSED statement are not selected.
table.* | view.* | materialized view.*:
Specify the object name followed by a period and the asterisk to select all columns from the specified table, view, or materialized view. Oracle Database returns a set of columns in the order in which the columns were specified when the object was created. A query that selects rows from two or more tables, views, or materialized views is a join.
You can use the schema qualifier to select from a table, view, or materialized view in a schema other than your own. If you omit schema, then the database assumes the table, view, or materialized view is in your own schema.
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Similar Messages

What is the logic behind the oracle database connections....

Hi,
We have crontab alerts are enabled for the oracle database client connection.
For Production databases the alerts are coming continuously until it gets connected.
For QA databases it will throw the message that the oracle client connection fails and again it will prompt whenever it gets connected.
Please let me know the logic behind these scnerions.
Pavan..
Edited by: dm_ptldba on Feb 14, 2012 6:45 AM

Hi,
Thanks for the update, Sorry the question was not clear. let me put it in a clear way.
Following is our crontab which alerts us if any database/listener goes down. But it alerts us only once for one successful/unsuccessful connection. For Eg: If the crontab not able to connect to the database for once then it throws an alert only once and waits for a successful connection.
I would like to change the logic in this crontab in such a way that, it should keep on alerting us for all the unsuccessful connections and once or twice for successful connection.
. /home/oracle/.bash_profile
. /opt/oracle/cron/cron_email
sidfile=/home/oracle/scripts/db-list.txt
dboutfile=/home/oracle/scripts/dboutfile.tmp
echo $ORACLE_HOME
TNS_DIR=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
ORA_BIN=$ORACLE_HOME/bin
cat $sidfile | while read SIDNAME
do
$ORA_BIN/sqlplus -s system/******@$SIDNAME 2> /dev/null >> $dboutfile <<EOF
@/home/oracle/scripts/db_up.sql
EOF
if [ $? -eq 0 ]
then
STATUS=1
if [ -f /home/oracle/scripts/${SIDNAME}-down.txt ]
then
/bin/mail -s "Alert :Oracle database instance \"${SIDNAME}\" is up & connected..." [email protected] </dev/null
rm -rf /home/oracle/scripts/${SIDNAME}-down.txt
fi
else
if [ -f /home/oracle/scripts/${SIDNAME}-down.txt ]; then
echo "";
else
touch /home/oracle/scripts/${SIDNAME}-down.txt
echo ${SIDNAME} "not Connected ..."
/bin/mail -s "Alert :Oracle database instance \"${SIDNAME}\" is down......" [email protected] </dev/null
fi
fi
done
Thank you.
PTLDBA

Logical Operations in SQL decode function ?

Hi,
Is it possible to do Logical Operations in SQL decode function
like
'>'
'<'
'>='
'<='
'<>'
not in
in
not null
is null
eg...
select col1 ,order_by,decode ( col1 , > 10 , 0 , 1)
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,decode ( col1 , <> 10 , 0 , 1)
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,decode ( col1 , not in (10,11,12) , 0 , 1)
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,decode ( col1 ,is null , 0 , 1)
from tab;
Regards,
infan
Edited by: user780731 on Apr 30, 2009 12:07 AM
Edited by: user780731 on Apr 30, 2009 12:07 AM
Edited by: user780731 on Apr 30, 2009 12:08 AM
Edited by: user780731 on Apr 30, 2009 12:08 AM
Edited by: user780731 on Apr 30, 2009 12:09 AM

example:
select col1 ,order_by,case when col1 > 10 then 0 else 1 end
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,case when col1 <> 10 then 0 else 1 end
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,case when col1 not in (10,11,12) then 0 else 1 end
from tab;As for testing for null, decode handles that by default anyway so you can have decode or case easily..
select col1 ,order_by,decode (col1, null , 0 , 1)
from tab;
select col1 ,order_by,case when col1 is null then 0 else 1 end
from tab;

Could you please help me understand the logic behind certain things in OSX?

Ok, so I try to be an open-minded guy, and I bear no particular allegiance to either OS. I own a Sony TZ and a Mac mini, and my wife has a MacBook Pro. I use both Oses.
There are certain things I have trouble understanding in th Mac OS, so what I'd really like to understand the logic behind certain design decisions in the OS, and why these might be better ways of accomplishing things. I know how to get around all of the things I mention, so I'm not looking for instructions; rather I'm looking for well-thought out explanations for why these features are the way they are.
*1. Programs don't quit when you close the window.*
- This totally puzzles me. Why design it so that program windows are independent are from the running program itself? There must be a reason, cold someone explain how this is more efficient? To me, it's simpler to click an X on the window you are working on to completely shut down a program, rather than to either mouse through menus to select quit, or be obligated to using Command Q keyboard shortcut.
*2. Menu bars are on the desktop.*
- Related to the first point, why make the main thing framing your desktop be something which is always changing depending on the program? Why have file menus outside the main window of the program. Having the menu bar on the desktop then necessitates an additional area, the dock, which has to be used as a launch bar and to tell you what programs are currently running. That obligates you to having 3 different areas of screen: 1 for program menus, 1 for running programs, and the program window itself. This seems very inefficient to me. Not to mention all the messy-looking floating palettes all over the place, again because everything is separated and not nicely contained in a single program window.
- Really, having a changing menu bar that frames the desktop isn't even consistent wth the whole desktop metaphor, which is that you place things on a desktop, like programs, files, etc. Are you changing the whole desk everytime you load a new program, yet the wallpaper stays the same? Doesn't seem to be logically consistent to me.
*3. No delete key.*
- This one really gets me. Why make such a commonly used key be a function key (Fn + Backspace)? Why make the user press a secondary key for a major function?
*4. No Cut command.*
- I read something about how Cut doesn't actually make sense when moving files around, but I obviously didn't fully understand it. Why make the user command drag, when you can just do Ctrl X??.
*5. Launching Apps from the Finder.*
- This seems weird to me, that you find and launch applications from the same thing you use to view files. Program icons in the finder are placeholders for the entire program, not files, yet they are found in the file viewer. Again, to me this seems logically mixed. I really dislike scrolling through Finder to look for apps. I know there is Spotlight and the dock (used as a quicklauncher), but these are really just workarounds for a setup which seems inherently illogical. To me at least, a menu of applications make more sense, ie, the start menu.
Anyway, those are all I can think of now, although there are other things aout OSX that don't make sense to me.
Thanks in advance! If I can understand Apple's reasoning and it is convincingly better, that will go a long way towards making me more comfortable with this OS.

1. Programs don't quit when you close the window.
That's really more a matter of what you're used to. It comes down to a programming decision as to what Apple and Microsoft considered to make sense. MS thinks that if there are no open windows, you're done using the app. Apple thinks you aren't necessarily done yet, as others have mentioned. I certainly wouldn't want Photoshop to quit every time I closed the last open image I was working on. Would be nice though if Safari would quit when I close the last open browser window. It's quick to relaunch if you really weren't done with it, so wouldn't be much of a bother to have it shut down with the last window.
2. Menu bars are on the desktop.
Makes way more sense the Microsoft's approach of repeating the same file menu on every open document in a program. How many places do you need to see File, Options and other common menu headings?
2. Menu bars are on the desktop.
Related to number two. The forward app is the only one you can directly work in, so why not have the menu bar change to reflect the choices for that application? When you go back to the previous app you were in, the menu bar changes back. So what loss of functionality is there? It comes back to not having menu bars on every single open window. There's no need or purpose for it.
3. No delete key.
Backspace does the same thing.
4. No Cut command.
Command+X, not Ctrl+X. This is Mac, not Windows. There's also very little need to ever do this from the keyboard. If you're moving files that are on the same drive/partition, then just drag and drop from the target folder window to the source. It's automatically a move. If going from one physical drive or partition to another, it's automatically a copy. Press and hold the Command key during the drag to make it a move.
Besides, you don't really think Windows cuts the entire folder or file contents into RAM, do you? If your computer has 4 GB of RAM, and you cut 12 GB of data, it of course can't possibly fit in the clipboard. All Windows does when you do a cut is visually remove the files and folders from the screen. If the items are going to a location on the same drive/partition, it does the same thing as if you did a drag and drop move. The file table is simply updated to reflect the new file or folder locations. If it's to a different drive/partition, it then performs a copy then delete action, same as OS X.
5. Launching Apps from the Finder.
A program is just as much a file as any other file. It takes up space on the drive. The OS of course knows what to do with it when you double click an app. Same as it knows what to do when you double click a document related to an app. Windows is no different. An .exe file is also just as much a file as a .doc file. The .exe extension tells Windows to try and treat it as a program to load into RAM. It's not just a simple placeholder. The program has to be made up of something.

What is the logic behind the start routine

Dear One's,
Kindly take a moment and explain the logic behind this start routine written in update rules of ODS.
PROGRAM UPDATE_ROUTINE.
$$ begin of global - insert your declaration only below this line -
$$ end of global - insert your declaration only before this line   -
The follow definition is new in the BW3.x
TYPES:
BEGIN OF DATA_PACKAGE_STRUCTURE.
     INCLUDE STRUCTURE /BIC/CST_T07_O006.
TYPES:
     RECNO   LIKE sy-tabix,
END OF DATA_PACKAGE_STRUCTURE.
DATA:
DATA_PACKAGE TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DATA_PACKAGE_STRUCTURE
       WITH HEADER LINE
       WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY INITIAL SIZE 0.
FORM startup
TABLES   MONITOR STRUCTURE RSMONITOR "user defined monitoring
           MONITOR_RECNO STRUCTURE RSMONITORS " monitoring with record n
           DATA_PACKAGE STRUCTURE DATA_PACKAGE
USING    RECORD_ALL LIKE SY-TABIX
           SOURCE_SYSTEM LIKE RSUPDSIMULH-LOGSYS
CHANGING ABORT LIKE SY-SUBRC. "set ABORT <> 0 to cancel update
$$ begin of routine - insert your code only below this line        -
fill the internal tables "MONITOR" and/or "MONITOR_RECNO",
to make monitor entries.
DATA: ITAB_/BIC/AT07_O00600 TYPE SORTED TABLE OF /BIC/AT07_O00600
      WITH HEADER LINE
      WITH UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY INITIAL SIZE 0,
      DATA_PACKAGE_NEW TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF DATA_PACKAGE_STRUCTURE
      WITH HEADER LINE
      WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY INITIAL SIZE 0.
sort the datapackage based on lead number and lead program definition
SORT DATA_PACKAGE BY /BIC/TLDNR /BIC/TLDPRGFTE.
from the resources ODS read all lead values based on the values those
SELECT * FROM /BIC/AT07_O00600 INTO TABLE
         ITAB_/BIC/AT07_O00600
         FOR ALL ENTRIES IN DATA_PACKAGE
         WHERE /BIC/TLDNR = DATA_PACKAGE-/BIC/TLDNR.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LS_DATA_PACKAGE> TYPE DATA_PACKAGE_STRUCTURE.
FIELD-SYMBOLS: <LS_/BIC/AT07_O00600> TYPE /BIC/AT07_O00600.
loop at internal table of ODS to check if there are lead program defin
from the source which mean the values of lead program definition in OD
values of lead program definition in datapackage.
   LOOP AT ITAB_/BIC/AT07_O00600 ASSIGNING <LS_/bic/at07_o00600>.
     READ TABLE DATA_PACKAGE
      TRANSPORTING NO FIELDS
      WITH KEY
      /BIC/TLDNR = <LS_/bic/at07_o00600>-/BIC/TLDNR
      /BIC/TLDPRGFTE = <LS_/bic/at07_o00600>-/BIC/TLDPRGFTE
      BINARY SEARCH.
      IF SY-SUBRC <> 0.
new lines with zero values are inserted because there are no correspon
DATA_PACKAGE_NEW-/BIC/TLDNR = <LS_/BIC/AT07_O00600>-/BIC/TLDNR.
DATA_PACKAGE_NEW-/BIC/TLDPRGFTE = <LS_/BIC/AT07_O00600>-/BIC/TLDPRGFTE.
DATA_PACKAGE_NEW-/BIC/TLDFTE = 0.
APPEND DATA_PACKAGE_NEW.
     ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
append the new records which are created for the leads in the datapack
APPEND LINES OF DATA_PACKAGE_NEW TO DATA_PACKAGE.
reset the sorting of the datapackage back to its original state
SORT DATA_PACKAGE.
if abort is not equal zero, the update process will be canceled
ABORT = 0.
$$ end of routine - insert your code only before this line         -
ENDFORM.
Thanks in advance

hi,
it's retrieve data from table /BIC/AT07_O00600
and add to data package, so your records will be more than from source
hope this helps.

Add logic behind 'Update Opportunity Totals' button in Oracle CRM On Demand

HI,
I need to add custom logic behind 'Update Opportunity Totals' button in Oracle CRM On Demand. Can anyone please let me know where can I implement this logic? Where can I find already implemented code of 'Update Opportunity Totals' button.
Thanks,
RM

Pl post this in a Siebel related forum
HTH
Srini

Program/Logic behind the Copy functionality in SE38 Transaction

Hi,
In SE38 by using the copy option, Program along with sub-objects can be copied to another object.
Please let me know the Program/Logic behind that functionality.
Also let me know is there any option in SAP to copy program from one system to another system.
Thanks,
Madhuri.

Hi Madhuri
This is tha Program logic behind copying object thru se38
where p_operation would have the value 'COPY'' in it.
DATA: l_request TYPE REF TO cl_wb_request,
        l_wb_todo_request TYPE REF TO cl_wb_request,
        l_object_name TYPE seu_objkey,
        l_object_type TYPE seu_objtyp,
        l_program_state TYPE REF TO cl_wb_program_state.
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      RECEIVING
        p_key            = l_object_name.
ELSE.
    l_object_type = swbm_c_type_prg_source.
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ENDIF.
CREATE OBJECT l_program_state.
CREATE OBJECT l_request
      EXPORTING p_object_type = l_object_type
                p_object_name = l_object_name
                p_operation   = p_operation
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    wb_pgeditor_initial_screen->mngr->request_tool_access
    EXPORTING
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    IMPORTING
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IF sy-subrc NE 0.
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Logic behind MC46 & MC50

Hi Everybody,
I want to know the logic behind
1)MC46 i.e. Report for Non moving & slow moving stock
2)MC50- Report for Dead stock
My client wants to know the logic behind these reports.
What i need to explain them exactly?
Please guide.

The logic behind these reports is to identify dead and slow moving stock (and it's monetary value) in order to make a stocking decision such as to promote the material (reduce price), scrap the material (full or partial stock quantities). These reports may also help in future demand/forecast planning.
Dead and slow moving stock has lots of negative impacts on an organisation such as increased inventory levels (monet tied up in stock), reduced stock turn and wasted physical warehouse space (particularly if dead/slow moving stock is preventing a fast moving item from being in the warehouse/plant).
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What is the logic behind the list of default colors in the color tab of the score options in the project settings interface?

I desperately want to know why each note is assigned it's particular color in the score tab of the projects settings interface...
Was this done at random or is there some logic behind it all? Einstein and Newton have completely different ideas about note/color association...their theorys can be easily found on the internet. I've messed around with applying their ideas to the user pallette just for fun. Now, I really want to know if the makers of Logic chose the colors they did for the factory defaults for a particular reason. Please help if you can!

hi,
it's retrieve data from table /BIC/AT07_O00600
and add to data package, so your records will be more than from source
hope this helps.

What is Apple's logic behind this?

I open a file (any kind will do) and make some changes. After I'm done, I hit CMD + W to close the file and the program correctly asks if I want to save my changes, close without saving, or cancel closing the file. The Save button is highlighted on the button and outside the button. If I hit the tab button, the outside highlight moves to the different buttons, but the button highlight remains on the Save option, so when I hit enter, it thinks I'm saying to Save.
Can anyone explain the logic behind this? I just don't get why Apple thinks this is an efficient/right way to do things. Thanks for any helpful answers.

Hi--
To actually select the button that has focus (the outside highlight), hit the space bar.
I suspect the rationale is something like this: they don't want to override the usual functionality of the buttons, but just offer a second or third way to select buttons.
Many, if not most apps, particularly in the situation you describe, already have pretty solid keyboard shortcuts for the three buttons. Of course, "enter" for "Save", "esc" for "Cancel", and "command"-"d" almost always works for "Don't Save". From observation, of those people who use keyboard shortcuts in dialogs, this is by far the most common way they do it. I don't think I've ever seen anyone use the tab key in dialog boxes (and I think it's off by default except for navigating between text boxes).
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Business logic in PL/SQL?

Hello,
I am designing a 3-tier, web-based intranet application for my client. It's going to be a WebSphere portal app with Struts, running on Oracle 8.1.7.
One of the requirements is to implement the business logic in the back-end (PL/SQL), not in Java (although that is what I'm used to do). The reason probably has something to do with fear of performance issues ("the more code runs in Oracle, the faster") and resource planning ("more people here know Oracle better than Java").
This unusual (?) choice in my humble opinion leaves me with two major issues; how to cache database results and how to perform the O/R mapping.
I know how to use CallableStatements and JDBC, but I'd really like to avoid such a solution now we have EJB 2.1 and Hibernate and everything. And without caching as done by any sensible app server I fear performance issues.
Does anyone know a tool that can perhaps generate Java code and performs the O/R mapping? Or a tool that avoids me having to implement up to a hundred (!) CallableStatements and ResultSet-To-JavaBean mappings. I've seen Apache's commons-dbutils that seems to do this.
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This unusual (?) choice in my humble opinion leaves me
with two major issues; In non-trivial applications excluding all business logic from the database is usually an architecture or design bug. Businesses do use the database directly due to legacy, tools, comfort level, etc. And in those cases the data still needs to be consistent. Not to mention that for some business logic the database can be orders of magnitude faster in running it versus external logic.
On the other hand I would consider it a bug as well if someone told me that all the business logic must be in the database and no where else. (At the very least I would suspect and question their definition of business logic in that case.)
I know how to use CallableStatements and JDBC, but I'd really like to avoid such a solution now...How are you going to implement any non-trivial business logic in oracle without using stored procs?
Does anyone have experience implementing business logic in PL/SQL and
calling procedures from Java? Not sure of the question. Certainly I have implemented business logic in PL/SQL. And many people have used stored procs via java.
Is performance really an issue here?No idea. That is a dependency of your system, not of java/databases in general.
I have seen java only solutions that even with scalling take hours to do operations that could be done in much less time using the database itself.
I have seen requirements which would have taken hours even in the database and changing the requirements meant it took less than 2 minutes. (It had nothing to do with java nor the database.)
I have seen code implementations which took significant database processing time where the entire solution could have been done without the database at all.
I have seen solutions where, due to business requirements, the same business logic was implemented in different languages and in slightly different ways in each. Implementing the logic in stored procs meant that all of the systems that used it now would be using the same rules. In that case it is possible that the solution was actually slower. But if it was it was not noticed and the consistency was much more important.

What's the logic behind the prefixes in User Tips?

I'm browsing through the User Tips, and maybe my memory is fuzzy, but I don't recall all those prefixes in the subject lines.
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Is there a logic behind it somewhere that would be useful for searching? e.g. put one in the search box and get all the User Tips on such-and-such topic?
If so, can someone please sticky-post a glossary in the User Tips forum?
Thanks.

Hi, Marlinespike - These are Knowledge Base keywords. A glossary of these keywords is here:
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=75178
Tuttle
1457/8165

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Pls do reply to me
Thanks,
Lavanya

Hello,
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Logic behind ZMNG field of 2LIS__04_P_COMP datasource

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what is logic behind ZMNG?

Hi,
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Target consumption quantity
Definition
Requirements quantity on the basis of the quantity produced.
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I need to change logic behind Calculate Duration button in Leave of Absence

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I need to change logic behind Calculate Duration button in Leave of Absence creation page.
How I can do that?
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Regards,
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This will be a OAF customization, you have extend this oracle.apps.per.selfservice.absence.webui.AbsenceCO Controller.
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Logic behind '*' in SQL

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