Low Profile Graphic Card

Anyone has any recommedation of any low profile GPU that can run with a 280W PSU and is better than Geforce 9300GE? Thanks

Low profile as in small-sized cart? The ATI Radeon X1600 is probably the smallest card that has dual-link DVI that will drive the 30" display.

Similar Messages

  • Low Profile Graphics Card for HP Compaq PRO 6300 Small Form Factor

    I need to purchase a PC suitable for a CAD workstation, I want a dedicated Graphics card and understand that the 6300's are limited due to the power supplies being only 240 watts. 
    I want a good dedicated graphics card to cope with this PSU.  I have heard the AMD Radeon HD 6450 will work with this are there any better cards?
    I don't want a graphcis that are for the purpose of two screens e.g. like the Nvidia NVS 300.
    thanks
    Mike
    This question was solved.
    View Solution.

    You're very welcome.
    P/S specs on the 610 GT are 300W.
    http://www.geforce.com/hardware/desktop-gpus/geforce-gt-610/specifications
    P/S specs on the 430 GT are 300W.
    http://www.geforce.com/hardware/desktop-gpus/geforce-gt-430/specifications
    So, according to nVidia, a 240W P/S may be under the limit, but other folks are running them with the lower 220W P/S.
    Given that info, I would say probably the same would hold true for the 610 as well.
    Actually, I think the 610GT would be a better choice... look at the difference in the maximum power draw of the 2 GPU's.
    The 610 draws a max of 29W and the 430 draws a max of 49W.

  • Sound stopped after installing hp dc7900 low profile video card

    i installed a  low profile video card on hpcompaq dc7100. since then the sound stopped working. anyway to uninstall the sound portion of the video card and use the computer's original sound card? or any other suggestion to have the computer see the new sound portion of the new video card? what can i do to make the sound come back  lol
    thanks
    This question was solved.
    View Solution.

    Hi:
    You go into the BIOS, select the Advanced Options menu.
    Go to the device configuration menu and there will be an onboard audio setting.
    It will be set to Disabled.  Change the setting to Enabled.  Save the setting there by hitting the F10 key, and again when you exit the BIOS.
    After you reboot, you will have the onboard audio back.

  • Need opinions on a VERY low end power supply handling a low end graphics card

    Greetings.
    I have acquired my father's old(old) HP Slimline S3400F and have intentions of turning it into a media computer.
    Problem : Due to the tiny form factor, it has an abysmal 160watt PSU.
    Inquiry : I know that most manufacturers FAR overstate the actual required wattage on graphics cards, as such, I am looking at a fanless GT 610 to put in it. Do you think since all it will be doing is serving up video, the PSU will be able to handle it?
    (Full specs can be found easily on Google).
    If you like my post, or solution to your issue/question, go ahead and click on the little star by my name and/or accept the post as the Solution. It makes me happy.
    I'm NOT an employee of Best Buy, or Geek Squad, though I did work as an Agent for a year 5 years ago. None of my posts are to be taken as the official stance that Best Buy will take on your situation. My advice is just that, advice.
    Unfortunately, that's the bad luck of any electronic, there's going to be bad Apples... wait that's a horrible pun.

    Oh, I will be doing 1080P.
    My plan has slightly shifted to transplanting the HP's parts into a super cheap ATX case with a regular PSU. That's the going plan for now, at least.
    If you like my post, or solution to your issue/question, go ahead and click on the little star by my name and/or accept the post as the Solution. It makes me happy.
    I'm NOT an employee of Best Buy, or Geek Squad, though I did work as an Agent for a year 5 years ago. None of my posts are to be taken as the official stance that Best Buy will take on your situation. My advice is just that, advice.
    Unfortunately, that's the bad luck of any electronic, there's going to be bad Apples... wait that's a horrible pun.

  • Need new low-end graphics card for Power Mac G5 (PowerPC 970)

    My Power Mac G5 (PowerPC 970) has recently died I believe due to a bad
    ATI RADEON X800 XT MAC EDITION video card.
    Reason for thinking its the card, is that the machine was performing its intended tasks for several days even though the monitor was snow.
    Having trouble determining a low-end replacement. (I no longer need the enhanced features of the RADEON X800 for this machine.
    Much appreciated if someone could suggest a product appropriate for PowerPC 970.
    Thanks!

    I also ran into this issue with my dual G5. When I bought it, I didn't get wireless because it was a dedicated desktop on the network, but I'm upgrading and giving it to the kids to use in a room without wired network. Now that wireless would be really nice and it looks like the official solution is:
    "Apple Wireless Upgrade Kit for Power Mac G5 Dual or Power Mac G5 Quad MA252G/A"
    which is really expensive and difficult to install. But the weird thing is that I do have bluetooth. I wonder if there's just some little doodad I need to connect to get wireless going too, but I can't find any info on the card, and it looks like it's buried on the motherboard behind all the cooling stuff. I'll probably just spring for one of the USB solutions.

  • Aspire ZS600 Graphics Card Installation

    I am a noob here but I wanted to ask about a specific detail with this computer that I have(the Aspire ZS600) and the questions apply to other AIOs that I have that are similar (Gateway AIOs - 1 ZX6980, and 1 ZX 6970). When I first discovered that I could install a GPU card in this computer in the provided PCIE slot on the motherboard, I was truly shocked!  I have always wanted to build a custom AIO and now I have(or trying to do so!). However, what is the correct way to actually install a graphics card into this machine to get it to connect and run through the motherboard? I found a service manual for this model but my version did not have a graphics card already installed.  I recently installed a Zotac Geforce GTX 750 Low Profile graphics card which runs at 55w, which meets the spec within the service manual for this AIO. This brings me to my main question.  The manual states that there is a slot on the motherboard for an input from the output of a PCI-E VGA card/source.  Here is what is says exactly, On-board connectors      1  20pin header for DVI signal-in form VGA card. (BOM option) What exactly does this mean?  Is there such a cable?  Does it attach to the DVI or VGA port from an installed video card and plug in directly to this 20pin input on the motherboard? I have searched and searched for such a cable to no avail.  I have read the document(Acer AZS600_Pt/AZS600_P SERVICEGUIDE) From top to bottom many times.  The manual even shows a configuration of a similar AZS600 with a video card already in it but I don't know how it is connected internally or if it just works through the PCI-E slot itself?  I have found other models with similar configurations but I don't have one on hand(like the Acer Aspire Z3 Z3771).  Perhaps I am missing something? Searching the service guide further it shows a detailed schematic of the motherboard but does not describe the 20pin connection.  The motherboard is marked with the alphanumeric code P178 right next to the 20pin connector/header on this ZS600 model.  It looks like it is the only 20pin connector available on the entire motherboard. On the Gateway ZX6970 with similar motherboard and PCI-E slot it has the same 20pin input marked with the same P178 connector number.  I would assume it is the same for the z3771 and the ZX6980 that I have but I have not taken apart either. So my question is am I correct in assuming that this is in fact an input connector for a video card output?  Can such a connection be made?  If so what cables are out there to make such a connection?  Will the motherboard recognize it and switch to it?  Sorry for so many questions I just think it is so cool that Acer made motherboards like this and if in fact it was designed to support graphics cards in such a manner...well..brilliant!  I would love to make it happen! I am currently running an HDMI cable out from my video card back in through the HDMI input on the motherboard.  It is working and all but pretty ghetto and I I have to switch the PC HDMI selector button a lot to tell the computer, which input to look at.  Also my audio wont work and I can't seem to stop the computer from sending the audio through the video card to a screen that has no audio out etc etc. Wow I will stop b4 I get ahead of myself I hope my questions are clear somewhere in there.  I hope someone here can help or direct me to a source with the solution.  Thanks for taking the time to read my post!  

    I too have been looking for a way to get the machine to accept a new card to drive a 4K display.  My research indicates that the PCI-E slot is a bit of a legacy from a time when our machine's display driver was not integrated into the motherboard.  Now that it is, all the cabling runs from the motherboard instead of the card.  I also understand that the card was specifically designed for Acer. That being said, the slot is probably still active.  My plan (once my wife and daughter have tired of watching TV on the little 4K display I got) is to take the mounting bracket off a card designed for a tower style computer while leaving the output ports supported and insulated somehow (crude, but wrapping with a few really wide elastic bands has worked for me in the past).  I think a really carefully weilded coping saw might be able to remove enough of the bracket to make one fit. Then, you would have to be willing to drill a new hole in the casing to allow the connector from whatever external display you are wanting to connect to get at the port on the card. Presumably, the needed software drivers will come with the card. Haven't done this yet, but if you are feeling adventurous and want to give it a go first, I would be happy to hear the result.

  • Graphics Card/Driver Upgrade for Slimline s3400z?

    I am currently trying to upgrade my slimline to be able to run higher quality games.  I want to by either a lower profile graphics card that will fit or upgrade the driver and buy a better graphics card that will fit.  I have been told it is not a gaming comptuer which clearly it is not but is their someway I can upgrade both of these things please?

    For Vista driver, you can find it Here and for all version of Windows, you can find it Here
    But, if the driver not working or not found, use Lavalys EVEREST Ultimate Edition
    The Trial Version should be OK.

  • Will This Graphic Card fit My Aspire X1920?

    I'm thinking about upgrading my Graphic Card. I have an Aspire X1920. I found a couple Graphics cards that i would like. Can theese fit in my PC? Thanks! http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/ATi-Radeon-HD-4550-512MB-PCI-E-DVI-DisplayPort-Low-Profile-Graphics-Card/301621412759?_trksid=p2047675.c100010.m2109&_trkparms=aid%3D555012%26algo%3DPW.MBE%26ao%3D2%26asc%3D20140221143405%26meid%3Dfd48635c964f4a83ab9bf1f3768aa70a%26pid%3D100010%26rk%3D8%26rkt%3D24%26sd%3D400817849451http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/NVIDIA-QUADRO-FX580-PCI-E-x16-512MB-GDDR3-DVI-Graphics-Card-Dell-0R784K-FREE-P-P/141068567812?_trksid=p2047675.c100005.m1851&_trkparms=aid%3D222007%26algo%3DSIC.MBE%26ao%3D1%26asc%3D20140122125356%26meid%3D8c6018ec5493488798bfdafe54116d65%26pid%3D100005%26rk%3D3%26rkt%3D6%26sd%3D301621412759http://www.ebay.co.uk/itm/Asus-GeForce-GT-210-1GB-598MHz-PCI-E-HDMI-VGA-DVI-I-Graphics-Card-Low-Profile-/361211935053?hash=item5419e8b94d

    Hello, You'll need a Low Profil graphic board (LP brackets included). You can determine the total power with this tool. The original PSU is 220W. The original graphic boards:VG.APC64.502VGA BD.HD6450.512MB.DDR3.LP.DVI.HDMIVG.APC64.506VGA BD.HD6450.512MB.DDR3.LP.DVI.HDMIVG.APC64.521VGA BD.HD6450.1GB.SDDR3.DVI-IVG.APC64.523VGA BD.HD6450.1GB.SDDR3.DVI-IVG.APC64.525VGA BD.HD6450.1GB.SDDR3.DVI-IVG.PCPT4.002VGA BD.405.512MB.DDR3.LP.W/DVI/HDMIVG.PCPT4.004VGA BD.405.1GB.DDR3.LP.W/DVI/DPVG.PCPT4.006VGA BD.GT405.1GB.DDR3.LP.W/DVI/DPVG.PCPT4.016VGA BD.GT405.512MB.DDR3.LP.W/DVI/HDMIVG.PCPT4.A02VGA BD.405.512MB.SDDR3.W/DVI.HDMI

  • TV @nywhere Satellite II PCI Card - low profile bracket?

    Hi,
    I have a low profile Antec Minuet case which only takes low profile bracket cards.
    Can I make the TV@nywhere PCI Satellite II card fit in my case? It looks small enough....
    Does it come with dual size brackets or will I be able to adjust the bracket to fit?
    Please help - I really need to get Satellite into my case but cant find any Low Profile cards...
    Also, can someone confirm if TV@nywhere PCI Satellite - the original version - allow me to receive HD satellite channels? Not too fussed about recording - just want to view HD Satellite? This card is easier to obtain in the UK - the new II version is harder to get hold of.
    Thanks!

    Hi Bas,
    thanks for your answer.
    DVB-dream is a software to view tv on your PC. I want to watch blueray, radio, tv, watch pictures,... -> HTPC.
    For this MCE is a nice standard software. I thing the problem is not MCE but MSI! After the message "... no signal.." the MSI software have to be start under admin rights to work. For me this is a hint to a bug in the msi driver.
    Darius

  • M57 and any graphics cards - total lack of support - and do not buy

    well just been in touch with support to find out if a new bios is coming out to support graphics cards that most people have. (HD5450 nothign over powerful) Sorry not suported in any way, only 3 crappy cards are supported officially. Basically told to sling hook Remind me not to buy IBM again from the total lack of support or updates.PCI-E standard - not if your IBM 

     WINNER WINNER CHICKEN DINNER!!!!!!!! I have eight (8) of the ThinkCenter M57 6072 HDU running BIOS 2RKT64AUS.  I have E8400s in a couple of them @ 3.0 GHz from the stock E7200 2.66GHz.  Paid $65 each of the M57s at an online goverment surplus site. The machines are used by our kids for general homework and League of Legends, Warcraft, etc. The onboard graphics would not run these games. Purchased a ASUS Radeon HD 5450 Silent 1GB DDR3 64BIT PCI-E DVI-I HDMI HDCP Passive Low Profile Video Card for about $35.  ***FAILED TO POST***. Purchased a VGA GIGABYTE|GV-N640D5-1GL RTL  (NewEgg or NCIX) and it installed, posted, booted, and graphically scored 7.1 on Windows Experience Index and over 1300 on  Perfomance Test 8.0 from Passmark Software.  Card cost $100 (not on sale) Also purchased a pair of non-matching GT630s (~$65-100) and a GT610 (~$55)  to try along with the GT640 but when they all came I started with the GT640 and never looked back.  RMAd the others and bought six(6) more GT640s; only six(6) because I killed one of the motherboards updating the BIOS with the E8400 installed!!  Only Flash with the correct CPU in I guess. I also intalled a ASUS Xonar DG 5.1 Channel PCI Sound Card 24BIT Dolby Digital DTS 105DB SNR W/ Headphone AMP for $35 and it went in the available PCI slot and now these machines rip and scream. The slowest part of these machines is the memory and the HDD.  Easy to put in a nice SSD if someone wanted.  And I might experiment with the E8400 machines with some faster memory. These machines are so well built as far as the modular little cases go.  Cheers all and GOOD LUCK!    

  • Buying A Graphics Card for the first time.

    Hey, I have the HP slimeline s3700f desktop computer. I really want to get a graphics card for it because Im into video games. I realize that I need a low profile card due to the low power supply which the system has, but i cannot find a card which is compaitable with the PC. 
    There is a link to the SPECS for my computer > http://reviews.cnet.com/desktops/hp-pavilion-slimline-s3700f/4507-3118_7-33485047.html
    Im aware that there is another slimline PC with a NVIDIA GeForce 9500GS graphics card, but I cannot seem to get the card for sale on any site. It has the came 160W power supply as mine, here are the specs > http://bizsupport1.austin.hp.com/bizsupport/TechSupport/Document.jsp?objectID=c01500243&lang=en&cc=u...
    Please help out if you can. Thanks alot. 

    I signed up just to reply to your post.  There are other people askign the same question.  search google for "low profile video card".  
    this thread covers alot.
    http://www.tomshardware.com/forum/313555-33-whats-profile-graphics-card
    Newegg search for "low profile":  
    http://www.newegg.com/Product/ProductList.aspx?Submit=ENE&N=100007709&IsNodeId=1&srchInDesc=low%20pr...
    I would recommend this, but it depends on your price range:  
    http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814161374
    Finally, i would not get a video card that requires any extra power connectors.

  • Graphics card for hp dc 8000 elite sff

    sir please tell me which good gaming card should i buy for my hp dc 8000

    I guess you have the mid-sized like this, right?
    That takes low profile video cards and only has a 240 watt or 320 watt power supply so you have to keep your expectations reasonable. 
    Here is the Manual as such:
    Manual
    This one would be pretty good:
    http://www.newegg.com/Product/Product.aspx?Item=N82E16814202091&nm_mc=AFC-C8Junction&cm_mmc=AFC-C8Ju...
    If this is "the Answer" please click "Accept as Solution" to help others find it. 

  • X-Fi Xtreme Audio low profile mounting bracket anyo

    Hi,
    I have just bought one of these cards to install in my Dell Dimension C52. I got it because it was low-profile as my case is narrow. The card will fit fine, but unfortunately, the sound card mounting bracket is too long and prevents me from closing the case. From the blank I took out of the pc case, the mounting bracket I need is 80mm long. Do Creative make a low profile sound card mounting bracket?Thanks in advance.

    @Re: X-Fi Xtreme Audio - Volume goes low, static, then comes backu Hi
    Did anyone solve this - I have started getting exactly the same problem today. There is a fairly loud pop and then the sound that normally should be coming form the machine (game or music) is very quiet and distorted. After a short while (a few minutes), it pops again and starts working again. I built this machine a few months ago and this is the first time that I have had this issue. The specs are as follows:
    XFX ATI Radeon HD 5870
    Asus P6X58D Premium Intel X58 Motherboard,
    Intel Core i7 920 D0 Stepping 2.66Ghz (Nehalem)
    Corsair XMS3 6GB (3x2GB) DDR3 PC3-2800C9 (600MHz) Tri-Channel
    Hitachi Deskstar 7K2000 2TB HD
    Intel X25-M Mainstream 80GB SSHD
    X-Fi Fatalty FPS
    The X-Fi card is from my old machine and it worked perfectly in that one.
    Many thanks,
    Dave

  • IMac Graphics card (help please!!)

    Hi there!
    I am using the newest iMac 21.5 inch with the 2.7 ghz i5 and the nvidia gt640m. I really want to play RCT3 which was released on appstore not too long ago, and the macchecker on some gaming website says my graphics can handle, but the list of supported graphics cards on the mac appstore page for the game lists the following as compatable:
    NVIDIA GeForce 8600, 8800, 9400, 9600, GT 120, 320M, 330M, 650M
    Does this mean that my GT640M will not be supported like the GT650M and other lower end graphics card are? I know that this game also supports intel HD 4000, I might even be willing to purchase an MBP with HD 4000 to play this game (if I haveto.) Any help would be greatly appreciated.

    Hi, I'd tend to think they just haven't tested the 640M, since far lesser cards are supported.

  • My HPE h9-1215t Phoenix is missing the Graphics Card Retaining Bracket.

    Hello all. I recently purchased a Windows 7 model HPE h9-1215t Phoenix desktop from the HP store. The day before I placed the order, the computer was available with the Nvidia GTX 680 as an option, but that was removed the day I purchased the computer, so I ordered the computer, and purchased an EVGA GTX 680 instead (yeah, cost me about $300+ extra too). Well, today, a week or so after receiving the computer, I got a chance to open it up and take a look at the specs on the side of the PSU to be sure that I am able to run a GTX 680 in there as it requires at least a 550w PSu with at least 38A to the 12v rails. I knew I was good on the 550W as it comes with a 600w PSU, but I wanted to check the rail amperage. So I open up the side case cover, and take a look at the PSU, and I see that I should be able to run the graphics card just fine, and a call to EVAG tech support explaining what I had available confirmed it. But then I noticed something off acout the computer. I noticed it looked different than what I've seen in the manual, on the HP support site, and on tear down/install videos. Then I realized, IT'S MISSING THE GRAPHICS CARD RETAINING BRACKET. This bracket is basically a bracket that performs a couple functions, first off, it supports the graphics cards that are installed in these computers as they can be big, and the smaller/weaker h9 frame need a little support. Also, it supports and adds rigidity to the entire frame/body itself. Well, I looked on the case cover, and sure enough there's a diagram showing the missing piece, and how you have to remove it to work on the computer. I was on the phone HP ALL NIGHT, get fired back and forth from tech support, and to sales, and to tech, and to sales, and so on and so on. Sales support was alright and they seemed like they genuinely wanted to help but couldn't, tech support seemed like they didn't give two ****s, that is if you could even understand them well enough to pick up on their demeanor. After reciting my S/N, and model number, name and address and million times I gave up. Supervisors wouldn't even help. Sales gave me an option stating that they would send me out a new one, but, that I had to pay for the new one and have the charge held on my card until they either received the new one once I removed the bracket and put it on mine, or just sent back my old one. This was not an option as I don't have an extra $1000 on my credit line, and also, considering the fact that I SHOULDN'T HAVE TO DO IT. It's HP's big time f*** up, now why in the heck do I have to buy another computer so they will fix the issue?
    http://h10025.www1.hp.com/ewfrf/wc/document?cc=us&​lc=en&dlc=en&docname=c03028387
    The bracket is shown in that tutorial from HP above, it's shown in "Step 2" and "Step 3" of the tutorial.
    Now my question is, one, has anyone ever has this issue before? Because it really seems to be as if the person building this CTO computer forgot to reinstall the bracket when he'she finished up the job and bundled it up. Also, my other question is, WHO in the heck do I talk to about getting this replacement piece. Because obviously standard HP support is eithe runable, or completely not willing to help me with the issue. Can anything short of returning this computer and/or getting a replacement be done? Which isn't an option as I use this computer for work, and I absolutely can no be without it for longer than 1-day, and I absolutely refuse to purchase, or even let them put a charge/hold on my card for the additional amount for a new computer, as it's not my mistake, and I shouldn't have to fix the issue. HP should fix it. I don't understand why someone can't just get an h9 model, pop the ****er open, and put the dang part in the mail. When did things get so complicated and such to where people cant complete such a simple action? Can anyone, anyone at all help me? Anyone from HP? I would really like to hear your take on this, and your explanation as to why your emplyees completely refuse to help me. Seems to me as if HP now has my money, therefor they do not give 2 stinky ones.
    This question was solved.
    View Solution.

    This is not official HP Customer Support and I don't work for HP. This is a peer-to-peer user supported forum for HP consumer products. HP maintains no official presence on this forum. It is unlikely that HP will respond in an official capacity. Any reply from a HP employee represents their own opinion and not that of HP's.
    It looks like the only graphics card option for this model is the GeForce GT 630 (2 GB). The GT 630 is not a large powerful card, so it is conceivable that the bracket isn't installed with integrated graphics or a low-end graphics card that doesn't require it. The "graphics card bracket" would mosr likely be installed with larger more powerful cards like the GeForce GTX680, Radeon HD7770, etc. Typically, the videos on HPs website are used for hundreds of different models and may show optional items not installed on a particular computer or may not show items that are installed. Just because a part is or isn't shown in the video, doesn't mean your specific computer is going to be the same.
    Please send KUDOS
    Frank
    {------------ Please click the "White Kudos" Thumbs Up to say THANKS for helping.
    Please click the "Accept As Solution" on my post, if my assistance has solved your issue. ------------V
    This is a user supported forum. I am a volunteer and I don't work for HP.
    HP 15t-j100 (on loan from HP)
    HP 13 Split x2 (on loan from HP)
    HP Slate8 Pro (on loan from HP)
    HP a1632x - Windows 7, 4GB RAM, AMD Radeon HD 6450
    HP p6130y - Windows 7, 8GB RAM, AMD Radeon HD 6450
    HP p6320y - Windows 7, 8GB RAM, NVIDIA GT 240
    HP p7-1026 - Windows 7, 6GB RAM, AMD Radeon HD 6450
    HP p6787c - Windows 7, 8GB RAM, NVIDIA GT 240

Maybe you are looking for

  • WT reporter does not show split for tax authorities!

    Dear all:     I need to report for all employees some WTs of taxes, but wt reporter does not show the splits for them (to distinguish federal from statal authorities payments), it is like summarises all the same WTs... I tried payroll recon. report b

  • PS CS6 & ID CS6 do not install from CC Desktop

    Denis-Pierre : On MacOSX 10.8.4, when I want to install PS CS6 I get an error message : "Echec a l'installation : erreur 404" I need absolutely to install PS CS6. How can I do ? I have the same problem if I whant to install InDesign CS6

  • Sharing files on 2 ipods

    i want to share songs on my friends 80g to my 80g but do not know how to do it and do not want to take the chance of losing all of his music. can anyone help? thanks ipod video   Windows XP  

  • SD memory is always checked at startup

    I recently bought a Treo 700wx.  If I leave the phone powered off for a few hours then go back to it, once i turn it on, I get a message that tells me a "storage card was inserted.  Do you want to search it for audio and video files?" How can I stop

  • RECOVERING DELETED FILES... PLEASE HELP!

    Please help me...is there ANY way to recover a deleted file that was deleted FROM the trash can? I put the file in the trash can because I thought it was copied then I emptied it out. IS THERE ANY WAY I CAN GET IT BACK? IT IS AN EMERGENCY Macbook   M