My macbook pro running on os yosemite is not connecting to vpn

i have failed to connect to vpn

Your Sophos anti-virus software is crashing a LOT. Uninstall it, and do not reinstall it.
For information on how to properly protect yourself from malware, see my Mac Malware Guide.
(Fair disclosure: I may receive compensation from links to my sites, TheSafeMac.com and AdwareMedic.com, in the form of buttons allowing for donations. Donations are not required to use my site or software.)

Similar Messages

  • My Apple Macbook Pro running OS X Yosemite freezes 10.10.1 regularly. When it freezes the only remedy is to physical shut the screen. I don't use any external devices.

    My Apple Macbook Pro running OS X Yosemite freezes 10.10.1 regularly. When it freezes the only remedy is to physical shut the screen and wait for the battery to run down. I do not run any external devices, and when it freezes you cannot do anything with the computer. It is new, and this problem is very frustrating. Any suggestions?
    Thanks

    These instructions must be carried out as an administrator. If you have only one user account, you are the administrator.
    Launch the Console application in any of the following ways:
    ☞ Enter the first few letters of its name into a Spotlight search. Select it in the results (it should be at the top.)
    ☞ In the Finder, select Go ▹ Utilities from the menu bar, or press the key combination shift-command-U. The application is in the folder that opens.
    ☞ Open LaunchPad and start typing the name.
    Step 1
    For this step, the title of the Console window should be All Messages. If it isn't, select
              SYSTEM LOG QUERIES ▹ All Messages
    from the log list on the left. If you don't see that list, select
              View ▹ Show Log List
    from the menu bar at the top of the screen.
    In the top right corner of the Console window, there's a search box labeled Filter. Initially the words "String Matching" are shown in that box. Enter "BOOT_TIME" (without the quotes.)
    Each message in the log begins with the date and time when it was entered. Select the BOOT_TIME log message that corresponds to the last boot time when you had the problem. Now clear the search box to reveal all messages. Select the ones logged before the boot, during the time something abnormal was happening. Copy them to the Clipboard by pressing the key combination command-C. Paste into a reply to this message by pressing command-V.
    For example, if the system was unresponsive or was failing to shut down for three minutes before you forced a restart, post the messages timestamped within three minutes before the boot time, not after. Please include the BOOT_TIME message at the end of the log extract—not at the beginning.
    If there are long runs of repeated messages, please post only one example of each. Don’t post many repetitions of the same message.
    When posting a log extract, be selective. A few dozen lines are almost always more than enough.
    Some private information, such as your name, may appear in the log. Anonymize before posting.
    Please don't indiscriminately dump thousands of lines from the log into this discussion.
    Please don't post screenshots of log messages—post the text.
    Step 2
    In the Console window, select
              DIAGNOSTIC AND USAGE INFORMATION ▹ System Diagnostic Reports
    (not Diagnostic and Usage Messages) from the log list on the left. If you don't see that list, select
              View ▹ Show Log List
    from the menu bar.
    There is a disclosure triangle to the left of the list item. If the triangle is pointing to the right, click it so that it points down. You'll see a list of reports. A crash report has a name that begins with the name of the crashed process and ends in ".crash". A panic report has a name that begins with "Kernel" and ends in ".panic". A shutdown stall report has a name that ends in ".shutdownstall". Select the most recent of each, if any. The contents of the report will appear on the right. Use copy and paste to post the entire contents—the text, not a screenshot. It's possible that none of these reports exists.
    I know the report is long, maybe several hundred lines. Please post all of it anyway.
    If you don't see any reports listed, but you know there was a crash or panic, you may have chosen Diagnostic and Usage Messages from the log list. Choose DIAGNOSTIC AND USAGE INFORMATION instead.
    In the interest of privacy, I suggest that, before posting, you edit out the “Anonymous UUID,” a long string of letters, numbers, and dashes in the header of the report, if it’s present (it may not be.)
    Please don’t post other kinds of diagnostic report—they're very long and rarely helpful.

  • My MacBook Pro, running 10.7.3, does not recognize when my iPhone and iPad are on the same network, thus it does not synch.  Any ideas?

    My MacBook Pro, running 10.7.3, does not recognize when my iPhone and iPad are on the same network, thus it does not synch.  Any ideas?

    Try the basics first:
       Change your router channel number.  Most times this works & is all you have to do.
    Disconnect & reconnect your modem.  unplug it for about 10 seconds.  Plug it back in.  Do the same for Apple’s routers.  Wait for everything to reboot.
    System Preferences>Network
    Click the Assist Me button.
    In the next window that pops up, click the Diagnostic button & do the necessary.
    Research Knowledge Base for network problems that pertain to the OS that is currently installed on your computer.   See these basic networking KB Articles:  http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1401 AirPort troubleshooting guide
    http://support.apple.com/kb/HT2712 Using network locations in Mac OS X
    Manually provided DNS server addresses are higher priority than DHCP's
    http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1714 Solutions for connecting to the Internet, setting up a small network, and troubleshooting
    ============================
    What to do when you can't connect to the Internet
    Also, run the Airport Utility app which is located inside the Utilities folder.
    =====================
    If using a  Linksys router, contact LinkSys Customer Support and/or post in their forums.
    If using Apple's Airport, please re-post over in one of the AirPort Forums.

  • Recently we changed our Lynksys router to an Airport Extreme and now my MacBook Pro running 10.6.8 will not stream radio through Itunes without constantly rebuffering. Any ideas?

    Recently we changed our Lynksys router to an Airport Extreme and now my MacBook Pro running 10.6.8 will not stream radio through Itunes without constantly rebuffering. Any ideas?

    Recently we changed our Lynksys router to an Airport Extreme and now my MacBook Pro running 10.6.8 will not stream radio through Itunes without constantly rebuffering. Any ideas?

  • Why is my macbook pro running so slow and losing internet connection?

    Why is my Macbook Pro downloading so slowly and losing internet connection frequently?

    Write off the MS stuff as indicators for now--starting with Office 2008, they developed very long launch times. The time to launch 2008 on my old 1.25Ghz G4 and my MBP 2.2G are virtually the same. Even document opens/saves are slow compared to Office 2004 and earlier.
    1) You have adequate hard drive space so that eliminates one of the usual suspects.
    2) Check for runaway background processes. Quit all running user applications so the computer is at normal idle. Find Activity Monitor in Applications > Utilities and launch it. If you've not run it before, change the "Show" pulldown at the top of the AM window from its default of "User Processes" to "All Processes." There is a column for "%CPU." Click that column header to sort by CPU usage. Watch the processes "bubble" for about a minute to get a better picture of the usage.
    If any process is using more than about 25 percent of the CPU cycles while the computer is idling, post the names of the processes and we can see if they can be eliminated. My MBP shows nothing using more that about 5 percent on any given test run as long as I close all my user apps.
    3) If you have never done any sort of maintenance procedures, taht can slow you down. Simply restarting the computer a few times a week clear a lot of temporary files. You also may wish to review this article on the Mac OSX periodic maintenance scripts, which, if run, also do a lot of cleanup:
    http://thexlab.com/faqs/maintscripts.html
    There are other useful articles on file maintenance associated with the one. Here's the index:
    http://thexlab.com/faqs/faqs.html
    Check out articles with "Maintain" and "Tuning" in the titles.
    4) Use Disk Utility to check the SMART Status of your hard drive. A failing drive can make things slow before it makes things stop.

  • I have a macbook pro running lion and it will not log on to a microsoft exchange server. any suggestions

    i have a macbook pro running lion and cannot log on to my microsoft exchange server.  Not a problem with my iphone and ipad are there any issues or fixes for this?

    I found the following suggested fix, posted by a user on Barnes & Noble's site:
    1. Create a folder in your Applications folder, call it: NOOKforMac
    Once you've done this, copy the Nook app to this folder. This should allow the app to run on the 1st or possibly second attempt to launch it.
    2. Once you're done using the app always quit it by clicking on the X (red in some cases) button of the application window (upper left hand corner)
    This seems to have resolved the issue and my guess is that somehow the .dmg volume path is somewhere hard coded in the app configuration.
    Elsewhere in that thread, the administrator advises calling Customer Service Team at 1-800-THE-BOOK (1-800-843-2665) and choose option 2 for Digital Support. 
    Good luck.

  • MacBook Pro running mountain lion restarts with Ethernet connected

    Hi all,
    My MacBook Pro (early 2012 15") running Mountain Lion (10.8.1) seems to always restart whenever I connect it to an Ethernet. The wireless works fine and there are no problems. The Ethernet connects then about a minute later my MacBook just restarts no matter what I am doing. I have gotten a new Ethernet cable but the same issue keeps happening. I haven't been able to try another Ethernet port as of yet, I am at school so mine might not work correctly however the Ethernet works fine for my friends PCs.
    Does anyone have any ideas that could help me? I would really like to use Ethernet because the wireless here tends to be slow.
    Thank you!

    I realize no one has responded to this but I am still having the issue even after a month. I also now have a panic report if that helps at all.
    Interval Since Last Panic Report:  177091 sec
    Panics Since Last Report:          9
    Anonymous UUID:                    B6A2F6A3-7497-99BB-BB08-EF35962D2415
    Tue Oct  2 16:52:38 2012
    panic(cpu 6 caller 0xffffff8025773452): assertion failed: IS_P2ALIGNED(igmp, sizeof (u_int32_t)), file: /SourceCache/xnu/xnu-2050.18.24/bsd/netinet/igmp.c, line: 1607
    Backtrace (CPU 6), Frame : Return Address
    0xffffff810de9ba50 : 0xffffff802541d626
    0xffffff810de9bac0 : 0xffffff8025773452
    0xffffff810de9bad0 : 0xffffff80255a3a7a
    0xffffff810de9bb40 : 0xffffff80255cb288
    0xffffff810de9bb90 : 0xffffff80255cb520
    0xffffff810de9bda0 : 0xffffff80255cb0fd
    0xffffff810de9bdc0 : 0xffffff802555f27c
    0xffffff810de9bdf0 : 0xffffff802554160b
    0xffffff810de9be80 : 0xffffff802553f7b1
    0xffffff810de9beb0 : 0xffffff80255399dc
    0xffffff810de9bf60 : 0xffffff80255404c9
    0xffffff810de9bfb0 : 0xffffff80254b26b7
    BSD process name corresponding to current thread: kernel_task
    Mac OS version:
    12C54
    Kernel version:
    Darwin Kernel Version 12.2.0: Sat Aug 25 00:48:52 PDT 2012; root:xnu-2050.18.24~1/RELEASE_X86_64
    Kernel UUID: 69A5853F-375A-3EF4-9247-478FD0247333
    Kernel slide:     0x0000000025200000
    Kernel text base: 0xffffff8025400000
    System model name: MacBookPro8,2 (Mac-94245A3940C91C80)
    System uptime in nanoseconds: 7287709952980
    last loaded kext at 538384957395: com.apple.filesystems.smbfs          1.8 (addr 0xffffff7fa7781000, size 229376)
    last unloaded kext at 356966017730: com.sophos.kext.sav          8.0.4 (addr 0xffffff7fa7777000, size 20480)
    loaded kexts:
    com.sophos.kext.sav          8.0.4
    com.apple.filesystems.smbfs          1.8
    com.apple.driver.AppleHWSensor          1.9.5d0
    com.apple.driver.AudioAUUC          1.60
    com.apple.filesystems.autofs          3.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothSerialManager          4.0.9f33
    com.apple.driver.AGPM          100.12.69
    com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyHIDDriver          122
    com.apple.driver.AppleHDA          2.3.1f2
    com.apple.driver.AppleUpstreamUserClient          3.5.10
    com.apple.kext.AMDFramebuffer          8.0.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOUserEthernet          1.0.0d1
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelHD3000Graphics          8.0.0
    com.apple.AMDRadeonAccelerator          1.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleMikeyDriver          2.3.1f2
    com.apple.iokit.BroadcomBluetoothHCIControllerUSBTransport          4.0.9f33
    com.apple.Dont_Steal_Mac_OS_X          7.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleMCCSControl          1.0.33
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMCPDRC          1.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleMuxControl          3.2.11
    com.apple.driver.ApplePolicyControl          3.2.11
    com.apple.driver.ACPI_SMC_PlatformPlugin          1.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleLPC          1.6.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelSNBGraphicsFB          8.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMCLMU          2.0.2d0
    com.apple.driver.SMCMotionSensor          3.0.2d6
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCButtons          235.4
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBTCKeyboard          235.4
    com.apple.driver.AppleIRController          320.15
    com.apple.iokit.SCSITaskUserClient          3.5.1
    com.apple.driver.XsanFilter          404
    com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIBlockStorage          2.2.2
    com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeDataless          1.0.0d1
    com.apple.AppleFSCompression.AppleFSCompressionTypeZlib          1.0.0d1
    com.apple.BootCache          34
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBHub          5.2.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleSDXC          1.2.2
    com.apple.iokit.AppleBCM5701Ethernet          3.2.5b3
    com.apple.driver.AppleFWOHCI          4.9.6
    com.apple.driver.AirPort.Brcm4331          602.15.22
    com.apple.driver.AppleAHCIPort          2.4.1
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBEHCI          5.4.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleEFINVRAM          1.6.1
    com.apple.driver.AppleSmartBatteryManager          161.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleACPIButtons          1.6
    com.apple.driver.AppleRTC          1.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleHPET          1.7
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBIOS          1.9
    com.apple.driver.AppleACPIEC          1.6
    com.apple.driver.AppleAPIC          1.6
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagementClient          196.0.0
    com.apple.nke.applicationfirewall          4.0.39
    com.apple.security.quarantine          2
    com.apple.driver.AppleIntelCPUPowerManagement          196.0.0
    com.apple.kext.triggers          1.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOSerialFamily          10.0.6
    com.apple.driver.DspFuncLib          2.3.1f2
    com.apple.iokit.IOAudioFamily          1.8.9fc10
    com.apple.kext.OSvKernDSPLib          1.6
    com.apple.iokit.IOSurface          86.0.3
    com.apple.iokit.IOAcceleratorFamily          19.0.26
    com.apple.iokit.IOBluetoothFamily          4.0.9f33
    com.apple.iokit.AppleBluetoothHCIControllerUSBTransport          4.0.9f33
    com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireIP          2.2.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusController          1.0.10d0
    com.apple.driver.AppleHDAController          2.3.1f2
    com.apple.iokit.IOHDAFamily          2.3.1f2
    com.apple.kext.AMD6000Controller          8.0.0
    com.apple.kext.AMDSupport          8.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleBacklightExpert          1.0.4
    com.apple.driver.AppleGraphicsControl          3.2.11
    com.apple.iokit.IONDRVSupport          2.3.5
    com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginLegacy          1.0.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMBusPCI          1.0.10d0
    com.apple.driver.IOPlatformPluginFamily          5.2.0d16
    com.apple.iokit.IOGraphicsFamily          2.3.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleSMC          3.1.4d2
    com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPInAdapter          1.8.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltDPAdapterFamily          1.8.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltPCIDownAdapter          1.2.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMultitouch          235.7
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBHIDDriver          5.2.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBMergeNub          5.2.5
    com.apple.driver.AppleUSBComposite          5.2.5
    com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIMultimediaCommandsDevice          3.5.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOBDStorageFamily          1.7
    com.apple.iokit.IODVDStorageFamily          1.7.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOCDStorageFamily          1.7.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOAHCISerialATAPI          2.5.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOSCSIArchitectureModelFamily          3.5.1
    com.apple.driver.AppleThunderboltNHI          1.6.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOThunderboltFamily          2.1.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBUserClient          5.2.5
    com.apple.iokit.IOEthernetAVBController          1.0.2b1
    com.apple.iokit.IOFireWireFamily          4.5.5
    com.apple.iokit.IO80211Family          500.15
    com.apple.iokit.IONetworkingFamily          3.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOAHCIFamily          2.2.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOUSBFamily          5.4.0
    com.apple.driver.AppleEFIRuntime          1.6.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOHIDFamily          1.8.0
    com.apple.iokit.IOSMBusFamily          1.1
    com.apple.security.sandbox          220
    com.apple.kext.AppleMatch          1.0.0d1
    com.apple.security.TMSafetyNet          7
    com.apple.driver.DiskImages          344
    com.apple.iokit.IOStorageFamily          1.8
    com.apple.driver.AppleKeyStore          28.21
    com.apple.driver.AppleACPIPlatform          1.6
    com.apple.iokit.IOPCIFamily          2.7.1
    com.apple.iokit.IOACPIFamily          1.4
    com.apple.kec.corecrypto          1.0
    Model: MacBookPro8,2, BootROM MBP81.0047.B27, 4 processors, Intel Core i7, 2.4 GHz, 8 GB, SMC 1.69f3
    Graphics: Intel HD Graphics 3000, Intel HD Graphics 3000, Built-In, 512 MB
    Graphics: AMD Radeon HD 6770M, AMD Radeon HD 6770M, PCIe, 1024 MB
    Memory Module: BANK 0/DIMM0, 4 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80CE, 0x4D34373142353237334448302D4348392020
    Memory Module: BANK 1/DIMM0, 4 GB, DDR3, 1333 MHz, 0x80CE, 0x4D34373142353237334448302D4348392020
    AirPort: spairport_wireless_card_type_airport_extreme (0x14E4, 0xD6), Broadcom BCM43xx 1.0 (5.106.98.81.22)
    Bluetooth: Version 4.0.9f33 10885, 2 service, 11 devices, 1 incoming serial ports
    Network Service: Wi-Fi, AirPort, en1
    Serial ATA Device: TOSHIBA MK7559GSXF, 750.16 GB
    Serial ATA Device: HL-DT-ST DVDRW  GS31N
    USB Device: FaceTime HD Camera (Built-in), apple_vendor_id, 0x8509, 0xfa200000 / 3
    USB Device: hub_device, 0x0424  (SMSC), 0x2513, 0xfa100000 / 2
    USB Device: Apple Internal Keyboard / Trackpad, apple_vendor_id, 0x0252, 0xfa120000 / 5
    USB Device: BRCM2070 Hub, 0x0a5c  (Broadcom Corp.), 0x4500, 0xfa110000 / 4
    USB Device: Bluetooth USB Host Controller, apple_vendor_id, 0x821a, 0xfa113000 / 6
    USB Device: hub_device, 0x0424  (SMSC), 0x2513, 0xfd100000 / 2
    USB Device: IR Receiver, apple_vendor_id, 0x8242, 0xfd110000 / 3

  • MacBook Pro running amazingly slow (formatting DID not work)

    I own a MacBook Pro with OS X installed on it, and it suddenly started running very slow.
    It happened literally overnight. One day it was working, the next morning it wasnt. I tried formatting the hard drive via the disk utility when starting the MacBook, but it didnt work. I also tried to delete my Windows partition, but it didnt allow me (though I dont believe that is a problem, since the last time I used it was over a year ago).
    Anybody has any ideas?
    Thanks for your help,
    Andre.

    Suggestions of Things You Can Do To Help A Slow Computer
    If your computer seems to be running slower here are some things you can do:
    Start with visits to:     OS X Maintenance - MacAttorney;
                                      The X Lab: The X-FAQs;
                                      The Safe Mac » Mac Performance Guide;
                                      The Safe Mac » The myth of the dirty Mac;
                                      Mac maintenance Quick Assist.
    Boot into Safe Mode then repair your hard drive and permissions:
    Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions Pre-Lion
    Boot from your OS X Installer disc. After the installer loads select your language and click on the Continue button. When the menu bar appears select Disk Utility from the Utilities menu. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list.  In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive.  If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported click on the Repair Permissions button. Wait until the operation completes, then quit DU and return to the installer.
    Repair the Hard Drive - Lion/Mountain Lion/Mavericks
    Boot to the Recovery HD:
    Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the Utilites Menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD disk icon and click on the arrow button below.
    When the recovery menu appears select Disk Utility. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list.  In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive.  If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported, then click on the Repair Permissions button. Wait until the operation completes, then quit DU and return to the main menu. Select Restart from the Apple menu.
    Restart your computer normally and see if this has helped any. Next do some maintenance:
    For situations Disk Utility cannot handle the best third-party utility is Disk Warrior;  DW only fixes problems with the disk directory, but most disk problems are caused by directory corruption; Disk Warrior 4.x is now Intel Mac compatible.
    Note: Alsoft ships DW on a bootable DVD that will startup Macs running Snow Leopard or earlier. It cannot start Macs that came with Lion or later pre-installed, however, DW will work on those models.
    Suggestions for OS X Maintenance
    OS X performs certain maintenance functions that are scheduled to occur on a daily, weekly, or monthly period. The maintenance scripts run in the early AM only if the computer is turned on 24/7 (no sleep.) If this isn't the case, then an excellent solution is to download and install a shareware utility such as Macaroni, JAW PseudoAnacron, or Anacron that will automate the maintenance activity regardless of whether the computer is turned off or asleep.  Dependence upon third-party utilities to run the periodic maintenance scripts was significantly reduced since Tiger.  These utilities have limited or no functionality with Snow Leopard or later and should not be installed.
    OS X automatically defragments files less than 20 MBs in size, so unless you have a disk full of very large files there's little need for defragmenting the hard drive.
    Helpful Links Regarding Malware Protection
    An excellent link to read is Tom Reed's Mac Malware Guide.
    Also, visit The XLab FAQs and read Detecting and avoiding malware and spyware.
    See these Apple articles:
              Mac OS X Snow Leopard and malware detection
              OS X Lion- Protect your Mac from malware
              OS X Mountain Lion- Protect your Mac from malware
              About file quarantine in OS X
    If you require anti-virus protection I recommend using VirusBarrier Express 1.1.6 or Dr.Web Light both from the App Store. They're both free, and since they're from the App Store, they won't destabilize the system. (Thank you to Thomas Reed for these recommendations.)
    Troubleshooting Applications
    I recommend downloading a utility such as TinkerTool System, OnyX, Mavericks Cache Cleaner, or Cocktail that you can use for removing old log files and archives, clearing caches, etc. Corrupted cache, log, or temporary files can cause application or OS X crashes as well as kernel panics.
    If you have Snow Leopard or Leopard, then for similar repairs install the freeware utility Applejack.  If you cannot start up in OS X, you may be able to start in single-user mode from which you can run Applejack to do a whole set of repair and maintenance routines from the command line.  Note that AppleJack 1.5 is required for Leopard. AppleJack 1.6 is compatible with Snow Leopard. Applejack does not work with Lion and later.
    Basic Backup
    For some people Time Machine will be more than adequate. Time Machine is part of OS X. There are two components:
    1. A Time Machine preferences panel as part of System Preferences;
    2. A Time Machine application located in the Applications folder. It is
        used to manage backups and to restore backups. Time Machine
        requires a backup drive that is at least twice the capacity of the
        drive being backed up.
    Alternatively, get an external drive at least equal in size to the internal hard drive and make (and maintain) a bootable clone/backup. You can make a bootable clone using the Restore option of Disk Utility. You can also make and maintain clones with good backup software. My personal recommendations are (order is not significant):
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      2. Get Backup
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