Need help understanding spanning tree for CCNA.

I ran into a question something like this on exam, and I had no clue what to do. I ended up failing by 10% I think because I didn't understand STP well.
For some reason the book never covered what is a tiebreaker in a setting like this. I thought about it, but was like it's not in here then I don't care, you probably would not find that in a real network anyhow.
Based on default settings the root switch in my drawing would be SW#1. one of the ports on SW#3 would block the other would be root. Either path from SW#3 to SW#1(root) would be the same. I don't know what SW3 would do then if it's based on interface#, or something to do with the BPDU received from the prior switch, or some other method.
This topic first appeared in the Spiceworks Community

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I need help understanding how the Apple components integrate to create a system across all my devices?

I need help understanding how the Apple components connect to create a whole system across all my devices?
Is there a resource that describes current system and associated functionality?
For example:
Buy A, B, C to achieve "X"
You will need:
an internet provider which supports <specs>
add D to achieve "Y"
You will need:
an internet provider which supports <specs>
add "E" to achieve "Z"
You will need:
an internet provider which supports <specs>
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If there was a place that plainly stated "if you buy the new dektop you can configure a system including only these components and achieve <this result> and by adding <additional components> you will achieve this result.
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I have no idea what "fully optimized" means.
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Update what across all devices?
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I have no idea what "step as far away from an internet provider as possible" means. If you want Internet access, you need an Internet provider.
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Best of luck.

Spanning tree for VLANS

Hi,
I need an answer to this puzzling scenerio i have been asked to work with.I have two vlans with about 10 switches on each end and there is a link switch that has a connection to both sides of the VLAN. I have been asked to create a singular spanning tree for the entire scenerio. how can i go about this.
please i am awaiting the opinions of anyone knowledgable in this line. thanks.

Hi, I agree you can config MST on your router to reduce the number of spanning tree instances runing on the switch from one per vlan. You will have to map your vlan range to the MST, useful CLI commands are
spanning-tree mode mst
spanning-tree mst configuration
name (name)
revision( revision number)
instance (number) vlan (vlan range)
check your config using
show spanning-tree mst configuration.
Hope thsi will hlep you get started.
DW

Need help in developing BADI for IT0001

Hi All,
I need help in developing BADI for IT0001.
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I am new to BADI development and will appreciate step by step instructions.
Thanks

Hi,
     follow the below steps to achive
Steps:
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2.     Enter BADI name i.e. HRPAD00INFTY and press the display
        button
3.     Select menu option Implementation->Create
4.     Give implementation a name such as Z_HRPAD00INFTY
5.      You can now make any changes you require to the BADI within this
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8.      When changes have been made activate the implementation
<b>Reward points</b>
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BPDU-STP Discrpancy - Help Please - spanning-tree portfast bpduguard

Hi,
I get this discrepancy report by the CicoWorks saying that BPDU-STP is disabled on ports (all te ports on my switch). I have seen a document on this and how to enable this Spanning Tree feature but I am not really sure if I need to do this or not? what is the benefit in having or not having this feature enabled? if enabled, then, wont I get into the port disabling and traffic disrruption business? understanding that there is a time out feature available as well.
Thx,
Masood

Hi Masood.
STP BPDUGuard is used only on the ports which are set to STP portfast. As when the portfast is enabled on the switch it trnasitions from blocking --> forwarding as soon as you connect any device on it. If you connect a switch or a bridge, this can cause a STP loop in your network which can bring your entire N/W to halt/down.
STP BPDUguard is specially designed for the edgeports. So as far as you have a centralized control on your network device and no one can connect any device without proper approval (your) ,you can have it disable. But if you understand the potential impact of connecting a switch or a bridge by anyone without proper authority then you might want it enable it on your switch.
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/technologies_tech_note09186a008009482f.shtml
HTH, Please rate if it does.
regards,
-amit singh

Need help choosing optimal hardware for a laptop that will run AE CS5

BACKGROUND INFO (Questions listed below)
I need some help figuring out the best hardware configuration for a new laptop. I’m a student at a design school and I will be using the laptop to mainly run After Effects and to a lesser extent Photoshop and Illustrator. I don’t need to worry about 3D rendering software or Premier Pro. I am primarily interested in getting the best performance during editing. I am not looking for the best performance for final output. I would prefer to sacrifice final output times for better editing/interface performance.
I will be working with standard definition content and perhaps HD up to 720p on occasion. I do not need to operate in resolutions higher than 720p. My projects are generally animation and use many sources and many layers.
I’ve been reading up on optimal hardware configurations for CS5 but my understanding is still a little foggy and I would like to use this thread to figure out how to build the best machine for my budget. The budget is about $1400 to $1600 CANADIAN after tax.
I DON’T need help finding the laptop. I will search for it on my own. I just need to understand the best hardware to purchase within my budget.
I realize that it is probably impossible to buy the laptop I want with the hardware configuration I need “off the shelf”. Instead I will be looking for a good base model (~$900-$1100) and I will purchase the necessary hardware upgrades separately. I will not be purchasing a Mac.
Right now I’m thinking of a machine built something like this:
- 15”-16” screen (17” models are too big/heavy)
- Mid to high end i5 processor OR entry level i7 quad core
- 8GB RAM (I would go to 12GB, but it’s hard to find a 15”-16” laptop with 3 memory slots)
- SSD to replace HDD (However, if possible, I would like a laptop with dual HDD support or swap the optical drive for another HDD. If I had access to 2 drives, I would have and HDD/SSD combo).
- Medium/high end NVIDIA GPU to take advantage of OpenGL while editing.
QUESTIONS
1) Does the “Render Multiple Frames Simultaneously” option enhance general editing performance (applying filters, scrubbing through the timeline, reverting history states)? Or does it ONLY help speed up RAM previews and final output? Does it reduce the length of RAM previews?
1b) Is this option even necessary to enable on 64bit systems? (As far as I understand it was used to solve a problem where 32bit systems/software would only recognize 4GB of RAM per instance of AE).
1c) If I turn this option on to help with RAM previews, would I be hindering general editing performance in any way? Or does this option have basically zero drawbacks?
2) How come “Actual CPUs that will be used” will read 0 even if the sum total of RAM assigned to the CPUs plus the RAM reserved for other applications is less than the total available system RAM (on a 64bit system)? For example, I currently have 4GB RAM and 2 installed CPUs. I have 1.5GB reserved for other programs and when I set 0.75GB per CPU both CPUs are used. However when I set 1GB per CPU then 0 CPUs are used, even though the total RAM adds up to only 3.5GB.
CPU
3.) Considering the fact that I am more concerned with smooth performance while editing rather than final output speeds, would it be better to get a dual core i5 clocked around 2.5 or a quad core i7 clocked around 1.8?
4.) What is the difference between an i3 and an i5 processor even if they are clocked at the same speed? How does an i5 460M compare on the grand scheme of things?
RAM
6.) Should the quantity of RAM that I get (8GB vs 12GB) be based on the number of cores in my CPU? If so, how should I be calculating optimal RAM based on # of cores. Should I also be counting threads, or just actual physical cores?
STORAGE/SWAP
7.) Should I replace the HDD with an SSD? I'm looking for snappy interface performance while editing. I would think that if the RAM fills up it would be best to have the SSD for scratch/cache.
8.) What performance benchmarks are most important when considering an SSD for After Effects? (4k writes? IOs per second? Max read/write?)
9.) I can afford the OCZ Vertex2 120GB SSD. Would this be a good choice if an SSD is recommended?
10.) Would it be better to have 8GB of RAM and an SSD, or 12GB of RAM and an HDD? Explain why.
GPU
10.) After Effects utilizes OpenGL to enhance editing performance. I will not really be using Premier Pro, so catering to the CUDA Mercury Engine is not a concern. Do high end gaming cards provide significant gains in OpenGL performance? Or do OpenGL performance gains taper off around the mid-range GPUs? (i.e. can you justify buying a high end GTX 260M graphics card for enhanced editing performance versus an "entry level" dedicated card like the 310M?)
11.) What hardware specs are most important when considering a GPU for editing performance in AE? (Memory size? # of Pixel shaders? Core speed? Shader speed?)
Thanks so much for any answers you can offer to these questions.

Please make sure that you've read through this page and what it points to.
> 1) Does the “Render Multiple Frames Simultaneously” option
enhance general editing performance (applying filters, scrubbing through
the timeline, reverting history states)? Or does it ONLY help speed up
RAM previews and final output? Does it reduce the length of RAM
previews?
It only increases rendering speed for RAM previews and rendering for final output. In After Effects CS5, it doesn't decrease the length of RAM previews. (In CS4, it does.)
1b) Is this option even necessary to enable on 64bit
systems? (As far as I understand it was used to solve a problem where
32bit systems/software would only recognize 4GB of RAM per instance of
AE).
You misunderstood. Yes, it's still relevant on 64-bit computers. Moreso, in a way. (I'd rather not spend my entire Sunday writing out detailed answers to satisfy idle curiosity, so I'm not going to give all the technical detail to that answer.)
> 1c) If I turn this option on to help with RAM previews,
would I be hindering general editing performance in any way? Or does
this option have basically zero drawbacks?
It takes a small but nonzero time for the background processes to start up when they need to be used and shut down when they're done. And as they sit waiting, they take up a little bit of memory. So, it's not exactly correct to say that there are no downsides to leaving it on. But it's close. I leave it on.
> 2) How come “Actual CPUs that will be used” will read 0 even
if the sum total of RAM assigned to the CPUs plus the RAM reserved for
other applications is less than the total available system RAM (on a
64bit system)? For example, I currently have 4GB RAM and 2 installed
CPUs. I have 1.5GB reserved for other programs and when I set 0.75GB per
CPU both CPUs are used. However when I set 1GB per CPU then 0 CPUs are
used, even though the total RAM adds up to only 3.5GB.
4GB - 1.5GB for other software leaves 2.5 GB for After Effects.
If you have 1GB assigned per background CPU, then the foreground takes 1.2x that = 1.2GB. That leaves 1.3GB for background processes, which is enough for one background process. There's no point in starting only one background process to do rendering, so it doesn't bother. (Note: When background processes are rendering, the foreground process isn't rendering.)
> 3.) Considering the fact that I am more concerned with
smooth performance while editing rather than final output speeds, would
it be better to get a dual core i5 clocked around 2.5 or a quad core i7
clocked around 1.8?
Get the quad-core. That gives you a greater total number of cycles. And After Effects works very well with mutliple processors, even beyond Render Multiple Frames Simultaneously multiprocessing. An entirely unrelated sort of multiprocessing (multithreading) spreads work out to multiple processors.
> 6.) Should the quantity of RAM that I get (8GB vs 12GB) be based on the number of cores in my CPU? If
so, how should I be calculating optimal RAM based on # of cores. Should
I also be counting threads, or just actual physical cores?
The optimum amount is the amount that you can cram into the computer. I'm not kidding. Spend your budget on RAM until you have 4GB installed per processor (and I'm counting the virtual processors due to hyperthreading). If you have a quad-core, that's 8 CPUs with hyperthreading, so the optimum amount of RAM installed is 32GB. You can work with less, but you did ask about optimum. For HD work (i.e., 1920 pixels across), you're OK with more like 3GB installed per CPU. That's what I have at home: 24GB in a quad-core. You're going to assign 2/3 or so of the RAM to After Effects, so 3GB installed per CPU is 2GB per core for HD work in After Effects.
> 10.) Would it be better to have 8GB of RAM and an SSD, or 12GB of RAM and an HDD? Explain why.
12GB of RAM. Because After Effects likes RAM. (If you're thinking of deliberatly using virtual memory to swap memory to the hard disk, don't. That's a performance killer.)
> 10.) After Effects utilizes OpenGL to enhance editing performance.
Not really. If you're on a limited budget, don't even think about the GPU until you've already got the most RAM, the fastest CPUs, the largest number of CPUs, two fast hard disks, and a couple of good monitors. Then, and only then, should you even consider getting soemthing beyond a non-stock graphics card. Yes, OpenGL can be used to accelerate some things, but that's only for the low-fidelity preview renderer. (Pardon the bluntness, but I want to make sure that you heed this.)

Need Help Understanding How To Use iMessage Between Two iPhones

I have an iPhone 4 and my wife an iPhone 3GS. We both have iOS 5, but I have discovered something about iMessage I need to make sure I understand correctly. As I understand it iMessage can send text even if our voice carrier service is unavailable. I tend to loose signal inside the building I work in. I usually can get texts in and out, but sometimes not. But in testing the two phones sending iMessages, I've noticed is that if I have one of the phones with iMessage turned on and the other with iMessage turned off, the two phones will not be able to exchange text. Is that how it's supposed to work? Even though one of these phones can receive an iMessage doesn't mean the other one send one back. Can't the system detect when one phone is connected and another one not, and the one that is not gets sent SMS messages instead? I don't want to try to send my wife an iMessage because I can't get a voice signal in my building, but her have iMessages turned off and not able to get any messages from me, iMessage or SMS. I guess I need help better understanding how this actually works between the two phones so I can always get texts back and forth between my wife and I. My other misgiving is that this iMessage thing consumes my data limit. My wife gets unlimited because she had her phone before the limits were imposed, but I got on board after, so I am hesitant to use iMessage all the time because of it. I have no intention to send picture mail through iMessage, but the thing is if I wanted to switch to SMS to send picture mail to save data, but my wife's phone is set to iMessage, she won't get it. If this is how this thing is supposed to work, I'm not really impressed. Some insight would be appreciated

I think you are making this way too complicated. Why are you turning iMessage off? If you are at your office connect to the WiFi there and send your wife messages that way (unless your office is blocking the port iMessage uses). When possible the two phones will use iMessage but will revert to SMS is iMessage is not available if that option is set that way.
I would not worry about using up your data plan if you have the 2GB, text iMessages are going to be very small and MMS (picture) ones are not very large either. Unless you are sending hundreds of picture iMessages a day you will have a hard time using up your data.
If you are near an Apple Store you should explore signing up for an intro iPhone course and have them run through iMessage options.

Need help understanding a project please

Hi, i just finished reading through this lab that i'm supposed to do, but have no idea what i am supposed to do. Could anyone here possibly help me understand it in an easier fashion? I would really appreciate it.
Assignment:
For this assignment, we will create a number class that can help us create classes for objects like clocks or angles. The number class will have to be general enough so that we can define different bases for it. Clocks need numbers of base 24 (or 12) and 60. Angles need numbers of base 360 and 60. For now, we are going to simplify things and only define constructors, a toString method, and an increment method. Of course, a complete number class would have many other methods, such as adding, subtracting, multiplying, comparing, and negating the numbers. Since a number is made up of digits, we will also define a digit class. The number and digit classes appear very similar because they have nearly the same methods. The differences are in the implementations of the methods.
Write a number class that represents a number with a given base. The number class has two constructors. The default constructor sets the base at 10 and the value to 0. The other constructor accepts a decimal value and a base. The constructors will have to create all of the digits (as objects of the digit class) and store them in some kind of list. Create a toString method and an increment method. These two methods will use the corresponding methods of the digit class to do most of the work for them.
Write a digit class that represents a single digit with a given base. The digit class has two constructors. The default constructor sets the base at 10 and the value to 0. The other constructor accepts a decimal value and a base. Create a toString method and an increment method. The increment method should return a boolean: true if there is a carry and false if not.
For both classes, you can assume that the bases are restricted to binary, octal, decimal or hexadecimal and the values are non-negative.
Instructions:
Write a test driver that proves that your classes work.

Myrdwin wrote:
It's not that i didn't bother to ask him earlierSo, your teacher gave you the assignment, without giving you any opportunity to talk to him between when he assigned it and when it's due?
I just finished the polymorphism lab with a bunch of farm animals last night. WHOAH! TMI!!! ;-)
Am i just reading into the lesson to much and making it way more complicated than it actually is?Like I said, I'm not going to try to interpret the whole thing for you but a) It tells you what to do with the c'tors, and b) I would always assume that "create a method" or "define a method" or whatever he says means "create a *fully functional, correct* method", unless he explicitly states to leave it empty for now.
My advice is to use your best judgment as to what's expected, and get started on that basis. At your first opportunity to speak to your teacher, explain your uncertainty and the assumptions you made.
If you have specific questions along the way, post them here, along with your code or an SSCCE.
When you post code, use the CODE button or [code] and [/code] tags to preserve formatting and make your code readable.
Edited by: jverd on Oct 3, 2008 11:57 AM

Need help understanding syntax

Hi,
I need some help to understand the following syntax .
PPRAMImpl am = (PPRAMImpl)pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean); What is this PPARAMImpl?
I know "am " is a variable . And with pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean) we are trying to get the AM name for that page, then why do we need to add (PPARAMImpl) before pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean) ?
For example in plsql , apps.testpkg.mainproc(param1,param2)
means
schema.packagename.procedurename(parameter1,parameter2).
So can you explain "PPRAMImpl am = (PPRAMImpl)pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean)" in that manner?
pageContext.getParameter(EVENT_PARAM))
What is this ?
What are the possible values for EVENT_PARAM ? And by the way , I need help on setting a default value for one of my search parameters in a search region .
Correct me If I am wrong, this is what I thought
1. EOImpl has setters and getters for that attribute. So call the setter method in controller and set the value , if this is right then I don't know how to right the code ,can you give me some sample code ?
or
2. get the view object name and then set the value for that . like viewobject.setattribute('att name',att value'),if this is right then I don't know how to right the code ,can you give me some sample code ?
Thanks
Sri.

Hi,
No. These are not equal.
pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean) return AM of type OAApplicationModule.
It would be fine if your variable am, is of type OAApplicationModule:
OAApplicationModule am = pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean) // this would be fine.
But as you are using of type PPRAMImpl, you must have to type-cast that externally using:
PPRAMImpl am = (PPRAMImpl)pageContext.getApplicationModule(webBean);
If you are still not clear, then refer any java book or google for internal & external type-casting in java.
--Sushant

Need help with calculator project for an assignment...

Hi all, I please need help with my calculator project that I have to do for an assignment.
Here is the project's specifications that I need to do"
"""Create a console calculator applicaion that:
* Takes one command line argument: your name and surname. When the
program starts, display the date and time with a welcome message for the
user.
* Display all the available options to the user. Your calculator must include
the arithmetic operations as well as at least five scientific operations of the
Math class.
-Your program must also have the ability to round a number and
truncate it.
-When you multiply by 2, you should not use the '*' operator to perform the
operation.
-Your program must also be able to reverse the sign of a number.
* Include sufficient error checking in your program to ensure that the user
only enters valid input. Make use of the String; Character, and other
wrapper classes to help you.
* Your program must be able to do conversions between decimal, octal and
hex numbers.
* Make use of a menu. You should give the user the option to end the
program when entering a certain option.
* When the program exits, display a message for the user, stating the
current time, and calculate and display how long the user used your
program.
* Make use of helper classes where possible.
* Use the SDK to run your program."""
When the program starts, it asks the user for his/her name and surname. I got the program to ask the user again and again for his/her name and surname
when he/she doesn't insert anything or just press 'enter', but if the user enters a number for the name and surname part, the program continues.
Now my question is this: How can I restrict the user to only enter 'letters' (and spaces of course) but allow NO numbers for his/her surname??
Here is the programs code that I've written so far:
{code}
import java.io.*;
import java.util.*;
import java.text.*;
public class Project {
     private static String nameSurname = "";
     private static String num1 = null;
     private static String num2 = null;
     private static String choice1 = null;
     private static double answer = 0;
     private static String more;
     public double Add() {
          answer = (Double.parseDouble(num1) + Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
     public double Subtract() {
          answer = (Double.parseDouble(num1) - Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
     public double Multiply() {
          answer = (Double.parseDouble(num1) * Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
     public double Divide() {
          answer = (Double.parseDouble(num1) / Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
     public double Modulus() {
          answer = (Double.parseDouble(num1) % Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
     public double maximumValue() {
          answer = (Math.max(Double.parseDouble(num1), Double.parseDouble(num2)));
          return answer;
     public double minimumValue() {
          answer = (Math.min(Double.parseDouble(num1), Double.parseDouble(num2)));
          return answer;
     public double absoluteNumber1() {
          answer = (Math.abs(Double.parseDouble(num1)));
          return answer;
     public double absoluteNumber2() {
          answer = (Math.abs(Double.parseDouble(num2)));
          return answer;
     public double Squareroot1() {
          answer = (Math.sqrt(Double.parseDouble(num1)));
          return answer;
     public double Squareroot2() {
          answer = (Math.sqrt(Double.parseDouble(num2)));
          return answer;
     public static String octalEquivalent1() {
          int iNum1 = Integer.parseInt(num1);
String octal1 = Integer.toOctalString(iNum1);
return octal1;
     public static String octalEquivalent2() {
          int iNum2 = Integer.parseInt(num2);
          String octal2 = Integer.toOctalString(iNum2);
          return octal2;
     public static String hexadecimalEquivalent1() {
          int iNum1 = Integer.parseInt(num1);
          String hex1 = Integer.toHexString(iNum1);
          return hex1;
     public static String hexadecimalEquivalent2() {
          int iNum2 = Integer.parseInt(num2);
          String hex2 = Integer.toHexString(iNum2);
          return hex2;
     public double Round1() {
          answer = Math.round(Double.parseDouble(num1));
          return answer;
     public double Round2() {
          answer = Math.round(Double.parseDouble(num2));
          return answer;
          SimpleDateFormat format1 = new SimpleDateFormat("EEEE, dd MMMM yyyy");
     Date now = new Date();
     SimpleDateFormat format2 = new SimpleDateFormat("hh:mm a");
     static Date timeIn = new Date();
     public static long programRuntime() {
          Date timeInD = timeIn;
          long timeOutD = System.currentTimeMillis();
          long msec = timeOutD - timeInD.getTime();
          float timeHours = msec / 1000;
               return (long) timeHours;
     DecimalFormat decimals = new DecimalFormat("#0.00");
     public String insertNameAndSurname() throws IOException{
          boolean inputCorrect = false;
               while (inputCorrect == false) {
                    while (nameSurname == null || nameSurname.length() == 0) {
                         for (int i = 0; i < nameSurname.length(); i++) {
                         if ((nameSurname.charAt(i) > 'a') && (nameSurname.charAt(i) < 'Z')){
                                   inputCorrect = true;
                    else{
                    inputCorrect = false;
                    break;
                    try {
                         BufferedReader inStream = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                         System.out.print("Please enter your name and surname: ");
                         nameSurname = inStream.readLine();
                         inputCorrect = true;
                    }catch (IOException ex) {
                         System.out.println("You did not enter your name and surname, " + nameSurname + " is not a name, please enter your name and surname :");
                         inputCorrect = false;
                    System.out.println("\nA warm welcome " + nameSurname + " ,todays date is: " + format1.format(now));
                    System.out.println("and the time is now exactly " + format2.format(timeIn) + ".");
                    return nameSurname;
          public String inputNumber1() throws IOException {
          boolean inputCorrect = false;
               while (inputCorrect == false) {
                    try {
                         BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                         System.out.print("\nPlease enter a number you want to do a calculation with and hit <ENTER>: ");
                         num1 = br.readLine();
                         double number1 = Double.parseDouble(num1);
                         System.out.println("\nThe number you have entered is: " + number1);
                         inputCorrect = true;
                    } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                         System.out.println("\nYou did not enter a valid number: " + "\""+ num1 + "\" is not a number!!");
                         inputCorrect = false;
                    return num1;
     public String calculatorChoice() throws IOException {
          System.out.println("Please select an option of what you would like to do with this number from the menu below and hit <ENTER>: ");
          System.out.println("\n*********************************************");
          System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");
          System.out.println("Please select an option from the list below: ");
          System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");
          System.out.println("1 - Add");
          System.out.println("2 - Subtract");
          System.out.println("3 - Multiply");
          System.out.println("4 - Divide (remainder included)");
          System.out.println("5 - Maximum and minimum value of two numbers");
          System.out.println("6 - Squareroot");
          System.out.println("7 - Absolute value of numbers");
          System.out.println("8 - Octal and Hexadecimal equivalent of numbers");
          System.out.println("9 - Round numbers");
          System.out.println("0 - Exit program");
          System.out.println("**********************************************");
          boolean inputCorrect = false;
               while (inputCorrect == false) {
                    try {
                         BufferedReader inStream = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                         System.out.print("Please enter your option and hit <ENTER>: ");
                         choice1 = inStream.readLine();
                         int c1 = Integer.parseInt(choice1);
                         System.out.println("\nYou have entered choice number: " + c1);
                         inputCorrect = true;
                    } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                         System.out.println("You did not enter a valid choice number: " + "\""+ choice1 + "\" is not in the list!!");
                         inputCorrect = false;
                    return choice1;
     public String inputNumber2() throws IOException {
          boolean inputCorrect = false;
               while (inputCorrect == false) {
                    try {
                         BufferedReader br2 = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                         System.out.print("\nPlease enter another number you want to do the calculation with and hit <ENTER>: ");
                         num2 = br2.readLine();
                         double n2 = Double.parseDouble(num2);
                         System.out.println("\nThe second number you have entered is: " + n2);
                         System.out.println("\nYour numbers are: " + num1 + " and " + num2);
                         inputCorrect = true;
                    } catch (NumberFormatException nfe) {
                         System.out.println("You did not enter a valid number: " + "\""+ num2 + "\" is not a number!!");
                         inputCorrect = false;
                    return num2;
     public int Calculator() {
          int choice2 = (int) Double.parseDouble(choice1);
          switch (choice2) {
                    case 1 :
                         Add();
                         System.out.print("The answer of " + num1 + " + " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 2 :
                         Subtract();
                         System.out.print("The answer of " + num1 + " - " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 3 :
                         Multiply();
                         System.out.print("The answer of " + num1 + " * " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 4 :
                         Divide();
                         System.out.print("The answer of " + num1 + " / " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         Modulus();
                         System.out.print(" and the remainder is " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 5 :
                         maximumValue();
                         System.out.println("The maximum number between the numbers " + num1 + " and " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         minimumValue();
                         System.out.println("The minimum number between the numbers " + num1 + " and " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 6 :
                         Squareroot1();
                         System.out.println("The squareroot of value " + num1 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         Squareroot2();
                         System.out.println("The squareroot of value " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 7 :
                         absoluteNumber1();
                         System.out.println("The absolute number of " + num1 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         absoluteNumber2();
                         System.out.println("The absolute number of " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 8 :
                         octalEquivalent1();
                         System.out.println("The octal equivalent of " + num1 + " is: " + octalEquivalent1());
                         octalEquivalent2();
                         System.out.println("The octal equivalent of " + num2 + " is: " + octalEquivalent2());
                         hexadecimalEquivalent1();
                         System.out.println("\nThe hexadecimal equivalent of " + num1 + " is: " + hexadecimalEquivalent1());
                         hexadecimalEquivalent2();
                         System.out.println("The hexadecimal equivalent of " + num2 + " is: " + hexadecimalEquivalent2());
                         break;
                    case 9 :
                         Round1();
                         System.out.println("The rounded number of " + num1 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         Round2();
                         System.out.println("The rounded number of " + num2 + " is: " + decimals.format(answer));
                         break;
                    case 0 :
                         if (choice2 == 0) {
                              System.exit(1);
                         break;
               return choice2;
          public String anotherCalculation() throws IOException {
               boolean inputCorrect = false;
               while (inputCorrect == false) {
                         try {
                              BufferedReader br3 = new BufferedReader (new InputStreamReader(System.in));
                              System.out.print("\nWould you like to do another calculation? Y/N ");
                              more = br3.readLine();
                              String s1 = "y";
                              String s2 = "Y";
                              if (more.equals(s1) || more.equals(s2)) {
                                   inputCorrect = true;
                                   while (inputCorrect = true){
                                        inputNumber1();
                                        System.out.println("");
                                        calculatorChoice();
                                        System.out.println("");
                                        inputNumber2();
                                        System.out.println("");
                                        Calculator();
                                        System.out.println("");
                                        anotherCalculation();
                                        System.out.println("");
                                        inputCorrect = true;
                              } else {
                                   System.out.println("\n" + nameSurname + " thank you for using this program, you have used this program for: " + decimals.format(programRuntime()) + " seconds");
                                   System.out.println("the program will now exit, Goodbye.");
                                   System.exit(0);
                         } catch (IOException ex){
                              System.out.println("You did not enter a valid answer: " + "\""+ more + "\" is not in the list!!");
                              inputCorrect = false;
          return more;
     public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
          Project p1 = new Project();
          p1.insertNameAndSurname();
          System.out.println("");
          p1.inputNumber1();
          System.out.println("");
          p1.calculatorChoice();
          System.out.println("");
          p1.inputNumber2();
          System.out.println("");
          p1.Calculator();
               System.out.println("");
               p1.anotherCalculation();
               System.out.println("");
{code}
*Can you please run my code for yourself and have a look at how this program is constructed*
*and give me ANY feedback on how I can better this code(program) or if I've done anything wrong from your point of view.*
Your help will be much appreciated.
Thanks in advance

Smirre wrote:
Now my question is this: How can I restrict the user to only enter 'letters' (and spaces of course) but allow NO numbers for his/her surname??You cannot restrict the user. It is a sad fact in programming that the worst bug always sits in front of the Computer.
What you could do is checking the input string for numbers. If it contains numbers, just reprompt for the Name.
AND you might want to ask yourself why the heck a calculator needs to know the users Name.

Need help in dynamic report for a range of year and period

Dear all,
I need help in creating an ALV report with dynamic columns based on the Year and period entered on the selection screen. for example if in the year we enter 2002 and period range from 10 to 12 then we should get the 3 columns display for cost(example) for period 10/2002, 11/2002 and 12/2002.
Can anyone help me in achieving this dynamically since the user can enter the year also in intervals along with the period and data also needs to be populated in the corresponding columns.
An example code would be of great help.
Thanks,
Amit

Hi,
Use field symbols as follows.
TYPE-POOLS : SLIS.
TABLES : MARC,T001W.
DATA : BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
       MATNR LIKE MARC-MATNR,
       END OF ITAB.
DATA : FIELDSTAB TYPE LVC_T_FCAT,
       STAB      TYPE LVC_S_FCAT,
       T_FIELDCAT TYPE SLIS_T_FIELDCAT_ALV,
       S_FIELDCAT TYPE SLIS_FIELDCAT_ALV,
       NEW_LINE TYPE REF TO DATA,
       NEW_TABLE TYPE REF TO DATA,
       INDEX(3) TYPE C,
       STR(70),
       TEXT(6),
       CNT(1),
       TEXT1(16),
       REPID LIKE SY-REPID.
FIELD-SYMBOLS : <FS> TYPE STANDARD TABLE,
                <WA> TYPE ANY.
SELECT-OPTIONS : S_WERKS FOR MARC-WERKS NO INTERVALS,
                 S_MATNR FOR MARC-MATNR NO INTERVALS.
INITIALIZATION.
REPID = SY-REPID.
START-OF-SELECTION.
SELECT * FROM MARC
           INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE ITAB
           WHERE MATNR IN S_MATNR
           AND   WERKS IN S_WERKS.
SORT ITAB BY MATNR.
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM ITAB COMPARING MATNR.
STAB-FIELDNAME = 'MATNR'.
STAB-DATATYPE = 'CHAR'.
STAB-INTLEN    = '18'.
APPEND STAB TO FIELDSTAB.
CLEAR CNT.
LOOP AT S_WERKS.
    CLEAR TEXT.
    CNT = CNT + 1.
    CONCATENATE 'EISLO' CNT INTO TEXT.
    STAB-FIELDNAME = TEXT.
    STAB-DATATYPE = 'CHAR'.
    STAB-INTLEN    = '16'.
    APPEND STAB TO FIELDSTAB.
    CLEAR S_WERKS.
ENDLOOP.
CALL METHOD CL_ALV_TABLE_CREATE=>CREATE_DYNAMIC_TABLE
    EXPORTING
      IT_FIELDCATALOG = FIELDSTAB
    IMPORTING
      EP_TABLE        = NEW_TABLE.
ASSIGN NEW_TABLE->* TO <FS>.
CREATE DATA NEW_LINE LIKE LINE OF <FS>.
ASSIGN NEW_LINE->* TO <WA>.
PERFORM MOVE_DATA.
CLEAR S_FIELDCAT.
S_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = 'MATNR'.
S_FIELDCAT-TABNAME = ITAB.
S_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = 'Part Number'.
S_FIELDCAT-NO_ZERO = 'X'.
S_FIELDCAT-DDICTXT   = 'M'.
APPEND S_FIELDCAT TO T_FIELDCAT.
CLEAR CNT.
LOOP AT S_WERKS.
    CLEAR T001W.
    CNT = CNT + 1.
    SELECT SINGLE * FROM T001W WHERE WERKS = S_WERKS-LOW AND SPRAS = SY-LANGU.
    CLEAR TEXT.
    CONCATENATE 'EISLO' CNT INTO TEXT.
    S_FIELDCAT-FIELDNAME = TEXT.
    S_FIELDCAT-SELTEXT_M = T001W-NAME2.
S_FIELDCAT-NO_ZERO = 'X'.
    S_FIELDCAT-DDICTXT   = 'M'.
    APPEND S_FIELDCAT TO T_FIELDCAT.
    CLEAR S_WERKS.
ENDLOOP.
CALL FUNCTION 'REUSE_ALV_GRID_DISPLAY'
    EXPORTING
      IT_FIELDCAT = T_FIELDCAT[]
    TABLES
      T_OUTTAB    = <FS>.
*&      Form MOVE_DATA
      text
FORM MOVE_DATA.
LOOP AT ITAB.
    CLEAR STR.
    CONCATENATE ITAB-MATNR ' ' INTO STR SEPARATED BY SPACE.
    LOOP AT S_WERKS.
      CLEAR MARC.
      SELECT SINGLE * FROM MARC WHERE MATNR = ITAB-MATNR AND WERKS = S_WERKS-LOW.
      IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
        CLEAR TEXT1.
        TEXT1 = MARC-EISLO.
        CONCATENATE STR TEXT1 INTO STR SEPARATED BY SPACE.
      ELSE.
        CONCATENATE STR '0' INTO STR SEPARATED BY SPACE.
      ENDIF.
    ENDLOOP.
    <WA> = STR.
    APPEND <WA> TO <FS>.
    CLEAR ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM.                    "MOVE_DATA
Reward points if helpful.
Regards,
Sankar..

Need help in shutdown primary for maintaince (new to oracle dba)

Hi,
BANNER
Oracle9i Enterprise Edition Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
PL/SQL Release 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
CORE 9.2.0.3.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 9.2.0.4.0 - Production
actually we have primary database server and the physical standby server with protection mode is maxperformance and for maintaince we need to shutdown primary server so what are the steps i need to follow since my primary database is configured with DATAGAURD and i would like to follow the folllowing steps please advice me:
to shutdown standby server:
from primary server connecting to dgmgrl
dgmgrl>DISABLE SITE standby_site1;
then connecting to standby server
sql>alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
sql>shu immediate;
and finnaly connecting to primary server
sql>shu immediate
is it right since i am new to datagaurd concept need help.
Regards
Prakash

You can do so, but you would shutdown the whole standby environment. But normally standby is used to have no or only short downtime. So a switchover to the standby DB is performed (after this standby is now running as primary), maintenance is done on the primary and then at the end another switchover back from the 'new' primary to the 'old' primary.
Werner

Need help on SQL Statement for UDF

Hi,
as I am not so familiar with SQL statements on currently selected values, I urgently need help.
The scenario looks as follows:
I have defined two UDFs named Subgroup1 and Subgroup2 which represent the subgroups dependent on my article groups. So for example: When the user selects article group "pianos", he only sees the specific subgroups like "new pianos" and "used pianos" in field "Subgroup1". After he has selected one of these specific values, he sees only the specific sub-subgroups in field "Subgroup2", like "used grand pianos".
I have defined UDTs for both UDFs. The UDT for field "Subgroup1" has a UDF called "ArticleGroup" which represents the relation to the article group codes. The UDT for field "Subgroup2" has a UDF called "Subgroup1" which represents the relation to the subgroups one level higher.
The SQL statement for the formatted search in field "Subgroup1" looks as follows:
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@B_SUBGROUP1] T0 WHERE T0.[U_ArticleGroup] = (SELECT $[OITM.ItmsGrpCod])
It works fine.
However, I cannot find the right statement for the formatted search in field "Subgroup2".
Unfortunately this does NOT WORK:
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@B_SUBGROUP2] T0 WHERE T0.[U_Subgroup1] = (SELECT $[OITM.U_Subgroup1])
I tried a lot of others that didn't work either.
Then I tried the following one:
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@B_SUBGROUP2] T0 WHERE T0.[U_Subgroup1] = (SELECT T1.[Code] FROM [dbo].[@B_SUBGROUP1] T1 WHERE T1.[U_ArticleGroup] = (SELECT $[OITM.ItmsGrpCod]))
Unfortunately that only works as long as there is only one specific subgroup1 for the selected article group.
I would be sooooo happy if there is anyone who can tell me the correct statement for my second UDF!
Thanks so much in advance!!!!
Edited by: Corinna Hochheim on Jan 18, 2010 10:16 PM
Please ignore the "http://" in the above statements - it is certainly not part of my SQL.
Please also ignore the strikes.

Hello Dear,
Use the below queries to get the values:
Item Sub Group on the basis of Item Group
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@SUBGROUP] T0 WHERE T0.[U_GroupCod] =$[OITM.ItmsGrpCod]
Item Sub Group 1 on the basis of item sub group
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@SUBGROUP1] T0 WHERE T0.[U_SubGrpCod]=(SELECT T0.[Code] FROM [dbo].[@SUBGROUP] T0 WHERE T0.[Name] =$[OITM.U_ItmsSubgrp])
Sub group 2 on the basis of sub group 1
SELECT T0.[Name] FROM [dbo].[@SUBGROUP2] T0 WHERE T0.[U_SubGrpCod1]=(SELECT T0.[Code] FROM [dbo].[@SUBGROUP1] T0 WHERE T0.[Name] =$[OITM.U_ItmsSubgrp1])
this will help you.
regards,
Neetu

Need help understanding spanning tree for CCNA.

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