Not all Prefixes in VRF Tables are Reachable?
Hello,
During my studies with an MPLS VPN [MP-BGP] lab I found something unexpected. I wonder if I am mistaken in my comprehension or if this normal:
Not all prefixes in a VRF Table are pingable/reachable ?
Seems that in the standard routing tables, if a prefix is there, then it is pingable/reachable.
I've attached a sketch to help illustrate the lab I have set up and what I found.
Below is output from ABR2 in the lab showing inability to ping 154.0.0.154, even though it is in the VRF IT table. After "mpls ip" is configured on the "*" interface of Core2 the LDP Adjacency between Core2 and ABR2 comes up and ABR2 can ping everything in the VRF IT table, including 154.0.0.154
Just seems like this is a "Gotcha" for one just coming into the world of MPLS VPN. Just because a Prefix is in the VRF Table does not mean it is reachable?
Thanks for any input.
Hello Greg,
Behavior which you have experienced is completly normal in MPLS environment. There is big difference between forwarding IP packets and MPLS frames.
If you disable "mpls ip" on some interface along your LSP, LSP is broken and traffic is lost. MPLS VPN packets have two labels:
- IGP label - according this label, packet is forwarded from ingress PE to egress PE
- VPN label - based on this label, egress PE can put packet to particular VRF
VPN label is known only to ingress and egress PE, if LSP is broken, IGP label is stripped off in the middle of the LSP and packet is forwarded based on VPN label. But as I said, intermediate routers do not know what to do with this packet, because label is unknow to them so packet is discarded.
I hope this cleared some things for you.
To further studies I would recommend this book:
http://www.ciscopress.com/store/mpls-fundamentals-9781587051975
Best Regards
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