Oracle Linux 4 hangs after first reboot....@ GRUB Loading stage2

Hi Linux experts,
after I installed Oracle Linux 4(on Vmware), I go through the 4 ISO images(that I had burnt to CDs)...After the 4th CD is done, I have to do the first Linux reboot...Linux hangs on
"GRUB Loading stage2...."
Any idea how to fix this?
Thanks.

Hi,
I'm using Chan's article to install Linux on top of Vmware. His article is on http://www.oracle.com/technology/pub/articles/chan-bul-vmware.html#2.
Maybe I missed step 11 of his instructions.....but it says leave the default /dev/sda1...thats what I did.

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Edited by: 921562 on Mar 24, 2012 3:35 AM
Edited by: 921562 on Mar 24, 2012 3:35 AM

921562 wrote:
I have just installed oracle 10g express edition R8 (32 bit) in oracle linux 4 (oem 4) which is running on vmware. After installation on going
application(start)->oracle 10g express edition ->Go To database home page. Database home page starts on konqureor and it shows
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Unknown host http "
All the other application including plsql is working right which comes with oracle 10g xe. But without Database home page i can't start doing plsql because i can not create any database without opening database home page.
I have also posted this question in yahoo answers(_http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index;_ylt=AjLqSLCkMZzaJgBv_igbiN7ty6IX;_ylv=3?qid=20120324013912AANOlL9_) but what answers has been provided i am not able to understand.
plz help i wanted to work on oracle database. I am trying it for so long. Thanks in advance
Edited by: 921562 on Mar 24, 2012 3:35 AM
Edited by: 921562 on Mar 24, 2012 3:35 AMThis has nothing to do with Oracle. Do you have an understanding of how URL's are constructed? The leading characters, delimited by the colon (':') specify http protocol. The string between the first colon and the next (if exists) specifies the fully qualified name of the host, or the IP addess of the host. Take a look at what you have there: //http//127.0.0.1" I really don't think your host name is "//http//127.0.0.1". More like '//127.0.0.1"

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Oracle database performance after server reboot

hi masters,
this is not some kind of question, but a discussion. some statements come from our client that after weekly reboot of system, the oracle database performance is low for some time and increase after some time(say 2 days).
i think it is but obvious, because at reboot oracle flushes all cache, and temporary space, so it need to re parse the sql statements and perform some disc I/O's so it might need some time and hence performance will degrade.
but at the same time some people claim that after reboot their database performance is better than their normal performance for some days. it seems controversial that's why i am posting it here.
what might be the reason behind this?? prior can have a valid reason of hard parsing, but what with second case??
any clarification is highly appreciated...
thank you
regadrs
VD

Vikrant,
You should wait for some time buddy, its weekend ;-) .
this is not some kind of question, but a discussion. some statements come from our client that after weekly reboot of system, the oracle database performance is low for some time and increase after some time(say 2 days).i think it is but obvious, because at reboot oracle flushes all cache, and temporary space, so it need to re parse the sql statements and perform some disc I/O's so it might need some time and hence performance will degrade.
>
I would start from saying that checking the performance when the system just started, is a wrong approach. There would be lots of IOs , parsing, calculations(related to memory allocations) happening so there would be a delay/bad performance at that time. Very simple example can be parsing, another can be memory allocation. Oracle doesn't allocate the entire memory in the instance startup that is allocated to the memory areas but allocates just the bare minimum that is needed to start the instance and than after the startup, it keeps on allocating the memory. So surely enough, with the startup and after a while of it, there would be a different performance than that after the instance hsa already been started and the workload informations have started coming up.
Its correct that Oracle would deallocate all the caches with the reboot as the instance is on the memory(physical) and with the reboot , that would be flushed including the SGA which is allocated over it. Temporary tablespace is now not freed with the reboot. I guess its a rather illogical thing to do but that's what is there now. Oracle keeps the segment allocated even after the reboot is issued, hence the reason for larger temporary tablespaces.
>
but at the same time some people claim that after reboot their database performance is better than their normal performance for some days. it seems controversial that's why i am posting it here.
what might be the reason behind this?? prior can have a valid reason of hard parsing, but what with second case??
>
This should not come as a surprise once we understand what might be happening with this process. Assume a situation where you have undersized caches. For example, shared pool . which is very heavily used for database , if this is going to be undersized and you are not using automatic memory management, you won't be enjoying the dynamic management of this parameter. Now, if you do lots of parsing , thanks to your wrongly written queries, you would eventually end up filling up shared pool to its max thus leaving no space for incoming new hard parsed cursors. Here , if you can't manage to add more memory to add to it, the only solution left would be to flush the shared pool( as good as rebooting the db because this would do the same) and than make space for the new cursors. The performance is going to be better becausethe cursors would not be getting flushed out immediately and will be kept in the shared pool as long as its not filled up again.Once you have reached to limit of it, again there would be performance benefit. So there are always odds added to the statements like this that I rebuilt my index , I got better, I rebooted my server, my querie are much faster now. Most of the time when these kind of statements are given, they are based on what we have seen, without understading what actually might have happened. So I would siggest to hear the statement but not take them as a rule of thumb to follow.
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Aman....

Win XP Hangs after Splash Screen (PointSec Loaded)

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Now when I try to start the computer it hangs after the XP splash screen is displayed. The screen simply goes black.
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Additional Info:
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Solved!
Go to Solution.

Fixed!!!
The problem was the lenovo updates (most likely culprit being the video driver I presume).
Using UBCD4Win with the pointsec plugin I was able to
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[W]hen we approve a list of updates - not all updates will be installed.
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Lawrence Garvin, M.S., MCSA, MCITP:EA, MCDBA
SolarWinds Head Geek
Microsoft MVP - Software Packaging, Deployment & Servicing (2005-2014)
My MVP Profile: http://mvp.microsoft.com/en-us/mvp/Lawrence%20R%20Garvin-32101
http://www.solarwinds.com/gotmicrosoft
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Dear,
I have a cluster database on two linux 4.0 servers the oracle version is 10.2. there are two network adapters installed on each machine (private + public).
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Hi,
Thanks Again for taking a look.
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Unable to boot Windows 7 after first reboot (after installation and bootcamp driver)

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How can I do to restore everything?

I have the exact same problem.
I've tried several times using both boot camp 3.2 whitch came with my computer, and using boot camp 4.0 that I got in the lion-update. Everything works fine until it restarts after installing the boot camp drivers, then it's the recovery screen that never finishes.
Anyone know what might be the problem?

Oracle DB offline after server reboot / hardware failure

Hi,
We have a server that crashed due to hardware failure and although brought back up OK Oracle DB's are no longer mounting. I am not a DBA but it looks bad to me and it seems there are no backups. Can anyone suggest a course of action? This is Oracle 11G XE running on Centos 6. I have put as much detail in as I can and could really do with some advice.
[root@627963 trace]# sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.2.0 Production on Thu Sep 12 23:18:26 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect sys as sysdba;
Enter password:
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1068937216 bytes
Fixed Size                  2233344 bytes
Variable Size             893389824 bytes
Database Buffers          167772160 bytes
Redo Buffers                5541888 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-03113: end-of-file on communication channel
Process ID: 10571
Session ID: 62 Serial number: 3
SQL> startup /nomount
SP2-0714: invalid combination of STARTUP options
SQL> startup nomount
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-01041: internal error. hostdef extension doesn't exist
SQL>
Alert_XE.log:
Thu Sep 12 21:26:18 2013
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
IMODE=BR
ILAT =19
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production.
Using parameter settings in server-side spfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/spfileXE.ora
System parameters with non-default values:
sessions                 = 180
memory_target            = 1G
control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/XE/control.dbf"
compatible               = "11.2.0.0.0"
db_recovery_file_dest    = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area"
db_recovery_file_dest_size= 20G
undo_management          = "AUTO"
undo_tablespace          = "UNDOTBS1"
remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
dispatchers              = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=XEXDB)"
shared_servers           = 4
job_queue_processes      = 4
audit_file_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/XE/adump"
db_name                  = "XE"
open_cursors             = 300
diagnostic_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle"
Thu Sep 12 21:26:20 2013
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=21388
Thu Sep 12 21:26:20 2013
"alert_XE.log" 342L, 17231C
Thu Sep 12 21:26:20 2013
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=21390
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=21392
VKTM running at (100ms) precision
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=21396
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=21398
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=21400
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=21402
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
MMAN started with pid=9, OS id=21404
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DBW0 started with pid=10, OS id=21406
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DBW1 started with pid=11, OS id=21408
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
DBW2 started with pid=12, OS id=21410
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
LGWR started with pid=13, OS id=21412
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
CKPT started with pid=14, OS id=21414
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
SMON started with pid=15, OS id=21416
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
RECO started with pid=16, OS id=21418
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
RECO started with pid=16, OS id=21418
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
MMON started with pid=17, OS id=21420
starting up 1 dispatcher(s) for network address '(ADDRESS=(PARTIAL=YES)(PROTOCOL=TCP))'...
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
MMNL started with pid=18, OS id=21422
starting up 4 shared server(s) ...
ORACLE_BASE not set in environment. It is recommended
that ORACLE_BASE be set in the environment
Reusing ORACLE_BASE from an earlier startup = /u01/app/oracle
Thu Sep 12 21:26:21 2013
ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Sep 12 21:26:24 2013
Sweep [inc][21794]: completed
Sweep [inc][21793]: completed
Sweep [inc2][21794]: completed
Successful mount of redo thread 1, with mount id 2707110077
Database mounted in Exclusive Mode
Lost write protection disabled
Completed: ALTER DATABASE   MOUNT
Thu Sep 12 21:26:25 2013
ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Beginning crash recovery of 1 threads
Started redo scan
Completed redo scan
read 93 KB redo, 34 data blocks need recovery
Started redo application at
Thread 1: logseq 241, block 21190
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 241 Reading mem 0
Mem# 0: /u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area/XE/onlinelog/o1_mf_1_8kxhwjco_.log
Exception [type: SIGBUS, Non-existent physical address] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8, _wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [flags: 0x0, count: 1]
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/trace/XE_ora_21440.trc (incident=22593):
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [_wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [SIGBUS] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8] [Non-existent physical address] []
Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/incident/incdir_22593/XE_ora_21440_i22593.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Exception [type: SIGSEGV, Address not mapped to object] [ADDR:0x7C7FD5E7FFEC] [PC:0x444FE70, kcbs_dump_adv_state()+946] [flags: 0x0, count: 2]
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/trace/XE_ora_21440.trc (incident=22594):
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [kcbs_dump_adv_state()+946] [SIGSEGV] [ADDR:0x7C7FD5E7FFEC] [PC:0x444FE70] [Address not mapped to object] []
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [_wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [SIGBUS] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8] [Non-existent physical address] []
Incident details in: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/incident/incdir_22594/XE_ora_21440_i22594.trc
Use ADRCI or Support Workbench to package the incident.
See Note 411.1 at My Oracle Support for error and packaging details.
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20130912212627], requested by (instance=1, osid=21440), summary=[incident=22593].
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/incident/incdir_22593/XE_ora_21440_i22593.trc:
ORA-00607: Internal error occurred while making a change to a data block
ORA-00602: internal programming exception
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [kcbs_dump_adv_state()+946] [SIGSEGV] [ADDR:0x7C7FD5E7FFEC] [PC:0x444FE70] [Address not mapped to object] []
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [_wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [SIGBUS] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8] [Non-existent physical address] []
PMON (ospid: 21388): terminating the instance due to error 397
System state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=21388 (PMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
System State dumped to trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/trace/XE_diag_21398.trc
Dumping diagnostic data in directory=[cdmp_20130912212628], requested by (instance=1, osid=21388 (PMON)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].
Instance terminated by PMON, pid = 21388
Thu Sep 12 21:39:03 2013
Starting ORACLE instance (normal)
LICENSE_MAX_SESSION = 0
LICENSE_SESSIONS_WARNING = 0
Picked latch-free SCN scheme 3
Using LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_1 parameter default value as USE_DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST
Autotune of undo retention is turned on.
IMODE=BR
ILAT =19
LICENSE_MAX_USERS = 0
SYS auditing is disabled
Starting up:
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production.
Using parameter settings in server-side spfile /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe/dbs/spfileXE.ora
System parameters with non-default values:
sessions                 = 180
memory_target            = 1G
control_files            = "/u01/app/oracle/oradata/XE/control.dbf"
compatible               = "11.2.0.0.0"
db_recovery_file_dest    = "/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area"
db_recovery_file_dest_size= 20G
undo_management          = "AUTO"
undo_tablespace          = "UNDOTBS1"
remote_login_passwordfile= "EXCLUSIVE"
dispatchers              = "(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=XEXDB)"
shared_servers           = 4
job_queue_processes      = 4
audit_file_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle/admin/XE/adump"
db_name                  = "XE"
open_cursors             = 300
diagnostic_dest          = "/u01/app/oracle"
Thu Sep 12 21:39:05 2013
PMON started with pid=2, OS id=2483
Thu Sep 12 21:39:05 2013
PSP0 started with pid=3, OS id=2489
Thu Sep 12 21:39:06 2013
VKTM started with pid=4, OS id=2546
VKTM running at (100ms) precision
Thu Sep 12 21:39:06 2013
GEN0 started with pid=5, OS id=2550
Thu Sep 12 21:39:06 2013
DIAG started with pid=6, OS id=2552
Thu Sep 12 21:39:06 2013
DBRM started with pid=7, OS id=2554
Thu Sep 12 21:39:06 2013
DIA0 started with pid=8, OS id=2556
And the tracefile:
Trace file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/trace/XE_ora_21440.trc
Oracle Database 11g Express Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
System name:    Linux
Node name:      <blah>
Release:        2.6.32-358.14.1.el6.x86_64
Version:        #1 SMP Tue Jul 16 23:51:20 UTC 2013
Machine:        x86_64
Instance name: XE
Redo thread mounted by this instance: 1
Oracle process number: 24
Unix process pid: 21440, image: <blah>(TNS V1-V3)
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
*** SESSION ID:(62.3) 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
*** CLIENT ID:() 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
*** SERVICE NAME:() 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
*** MODULE NAME:(<Blah> (TNS V1-V3)) 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
*** ACTION NAME:() 2013-09-12 21:26:25.858
Thread 1 checkpoint: logseq 241, block 2, scn 8960531
cache-low rba: logseq 241, block 21190
    on-disk rba: logseq 241, block 21377, scn 8979221
start recovery at logseq 241, block 21190, scn 0
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.869
Started writing zeroblks thread 1 seq 241 blocks 21377-21384
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.870
Completed writing zeroblks thread 1 seq 241
==== Redo read statistics for thread 1 ====
Total physical reads (from disk and memory): 4096Kb
-- Redo read_disk statistics --
Read rate (ASYNC): 93Kb in 0.01s => 9.13 Mb/sec
Longest record: 2Kb, moves: 0/242 (0%)
Change moves: 2/26 (7%), moved: 0Mb
Longest LWN: 8Kb, moves: 0/57 (0%), moved: 0Mb
Last redo scn: 0x0000.00890313 (8979219)
----- Recovery Hash Table Statistics ---------
Hash table buckets = 262144
Longest hash chain = 1
Average hash chain = 34/34 = 1.0
Max compares per lookup = 1
Avg compares per lookup = 377/542 = 0.7
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.872
KCRA: start recovery claims for 34 data blocks
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.873
KCRA: blocks processed = 34/34, claimed = 34, eliminated = 0
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:25.874
Recovery of Online Redo Log: Thread 1 Group 1 Seq 241 Reading mem 0
*** 2013-09-12 21:26:26.055
Exception [type: SIGBUS, Non-existent physical address] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8, _wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [flags: 0x0, count: 1]
Incident 22593 created, dump file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/incident/incdir_22593/XE_ora_21440_i22593.trc
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [_wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [SIGBUS] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF8] [PC:0x319A88A1B8] [Non-existent physical address] []
Incident 22594 created, dump file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/xe/XE/incident/incdir_22594/XE_ora_21440_i22594.trc
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [kcbs_dump_adv_state()+946] [SIGSEGV] [ADDR:0x7C7FD5E7FFEC] [PC:0x444FE70] [Address not mapped to object] []
ORA-07445: exception encountered: core dump [_wordcopy_bwd_dest_aligned()+280] [SIGBUS] [ADDR:0x76FFFFF

Hi Guys,
I have copied a backup script below that it turns out has been running every night at midnight. Where does this go, how do I know if it has worked and how can I use it to restore?
#!/bin/sh
# The script assumes that user can connect using "/ as sysdba" and Flash
# Recovery Area is enabled.
# =================
# Backup procedure
# =================
#    For database in NoArchiveLog mode, database is shutdown and an offline
#    backup is done;
#    For database in Archive log mode, online backup is done.
#    During the backup procedure, the script stores flash recovery area
#    location by saving complete initialization parameter to
#    ?/dbs/spfile2init.ora file. This will be used during restore operation
#    to find Flash Recovery Area location. If this file is lost, then user must
#    enter Flash Recovery Area location during restore operation.
#    Two backups are maintained in Flash Recovery Area and the corresponding
#    log files for last two backup job are saved in
#    $HOME/oxe_backup_current.log and $HOME/oxe_backup_previous.log
user=`/usr/bin/whoami`
group=`/usr/bin/groups $user | grep dba`
if test -z "$group"; then
   if [ -f /usr/bin/zenity ]
   then
        /usr/bin/zenity --error --text="$user must be in the DBA OS group to backup the database."
   elif [ -f /usr/bin/kdialog ]
   then
        /usr/bin/kdialog --error "$user must be in the DBA OS group to backup the database."
   elif [ -f /usr/bin/xterm ]
   then
       echo "Operation failed. $user must be in the DBA OS group to backup the database."
       echo -n "Press any key to exit"
       read userinp
   fi
   exit 0
fi
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/xe
export ORACLE_SID=XE
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
TMPDIR=/tmp
rman_normlog=${TMPDIR}/rman_normlog$$.log
#Fix a logfile for current, previous run and spfile2init.ora
sqlplus /nolog > $rman_normlog << EOF
   connect / as sysdba;
   set echo off;
   set head off;
   set serveroutput on;
   set linesize 515;
   declare
      l1 varchar2(512);
   begin
      l1 := dbms_backup_restore.normalizeFilename('spfile2init.ora');
      dbms_output.put_line('-----------------');
      dbms_output.put_line(l1);
      dbms_output.put_line('-----------------');
   end;
EOF
rman_spfile2init=`grep "spfile2init.ora$" $rman_normlog`
rm -f $rman_normlog
rman_backup_current=$HOME/oxe_backup_current.log
rman_backup_prev=$HOME/oxe_backup_previous.log
#Choose a temporary log for this run
rman_backup=${TMPDIR}/rman_backup$$.log
echo XE Backup Log > $rman_backup
#Check if flash recovery area is enabled
rman_fra=${TMPDIR}/rman_fra$$.log
sqlplus /nolog > $rman_fra << EOF
   connect / as sysdba;
   set head off;
   set echo off;
   set trimspool on;
   set linesize 512;
   select '$' || count(*) || '$' from v\$parameter
    where upper(name)='DB_RECOVERY_FILE_DEST'
      and value is not null;
EOF
fra=`grep "^$.*$" $rman_fra`
rm -f $rman_fra
if [ X$fra = X\$1\$ ]; then
   failed=false;
else
   failed=true
   errstr="flash recovery area is not enabled"
fi;
if [ $failed = 'false' ] ; then
   #Check the mode of database
   rman_log_mode=${TMPDIR}/rman_log_mode$$.log
   sqlplus /nolog > $rman_log_mode << EOF
      connect / as sysdba;
      set head off;
      set echo off;
      set trimspool on;
      set linesize 512;
      select '$' || log_mode || '$' from v\$database;
EOF
   mode=`grep "^$.*$" $rman_log_mode`
   rm -f $rman_log_mode
   case $mode in
      \$ARCHIVELOG\$)
      echo "Doing online backup of the database."
      rman target / >> $rman_backup << EOF
         set echo on;
         configure retention policy to redundancy 2;
         configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk clear;
         configure controlfile autobackup on;
         sql "create pfile=''$rman_spfile2init'' from spfile";
         backup as backupset device type disk database;
         configure controlfile autobackup off;
         delete noprompt obsolete;
EOF
      if [ $? = 0 ]; then
         failed=false;
      else
         failed=true
         errstr="RMAN error: See log for details"
      fi;
      rman target / >> $rman_backup << EOF
         sql 'alter system archive log current';
EOF
      \$NOARCHIVELOG\$)
      echo "Warning: Log archiving (ARCHIVELOG mode) is currently disabled. If"
      echo "you restore the database from this backup, any transactions that take"
      echo "place between this backup and the next backup will be lost. It is"
      echo "recommended that you enable ARCHIVELOG mode before proceeding so "
      echo "that all transactions can be recovered upon restore. See the section"
      echo "'Enabling ARCHIVELOG Mode...' in the online help for instructions."
      echo "Backup with log archiving disabled will shut down and restart the"
      echo -n "database. Are you sure [Y/N]?"
      gotit=false
      while ! $gotit; do
        read userinp
        if [ "$userinp" = "Y" -o "$userinp" = "y" -o \
             "$userinp" = "n" -o "$userinp" = "N" ]; then
          gotit=true
        fi
      done
      if [ "$userinp" = "n" -o "$userinp" = "N" ]; then
         rm -f $rman_backup
         exit -1;
      fi
      echo "Backup in progress..."
      rman target / >> $rman_backup << EOF
         set echo on;
         shutdown immediate;
         startup mount;
         configure retention policy to redundancy 2;
         configure controlfile autobackup format for device type disk clear;
         configure controlfile autobackup on;
         sql "create pfile=''$rman_spfile2init'' from spfile";
         backup as backupset device type disk database;
         configure controlfile autobackup off;
         alter database open;
         delete noprompt obsolete;
EOF
      if [ $? = 0 ]; then
         failed=false;
      else
         failed=true
         errstr="RMAN error: See log for details"
      fi;
      errstr="Unknown database mode $mode"
      failed=true;
   esac;
fi;
#Save the error string in the log
if [ $failed = 'true' ]; then
   echo ${errstr}. >> $rman_backup
fi;
#Save the last run as previous
if [ -f $rman_backup_current ]; then
   mv -f $rman_backup_current $rman_backup_prev
fi;
#Save the current run
mv -f $rman_backup $rman_backup_current
#Display the result to user
if [ $failed = 'true' ] ; then
   echo '==================== ERROR ========================='
   echo '             Backup of the database failed          '
   echo '==================== ERROR ========================='
   echo ${errstr}.
   echo Log file is at $rman_backup_current.
else
   echo Backup of the database succeeded.
   echo Log file is at $rman_backup_current.
fi
#Wait for user to press any key
echo -n "Press ENTER key to exit"
read userinp

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