Please provide facility to correct Acrobat's OCR errors
When Acrobat 8 OCRs a document, it makes a fair number of errors - which I could live with if one could correct the errors afterwards.
"Find OCR Suspect" doesn't find anything because Acrobat "thinks" it has made no errors - but it always does make some; all OCR programs do, but all others do allow one to correct the errors afterwards.
Although it is possible to use the touch-up tool to correct the errors, it is extremely difficult to do so because one can't see the text behind the image that one is touching up.
Given that Acrobat OCR has now existed since v4, it's extraordinary that Adobe still hasn't got round to fixing this problem, four full versions later. It wouldn't be at all difficult for them to fix this, by providing a "touch up OCR results" mode via a menu, that displays the text that is under the image.
The reason I and many other people still use Acrobat's OCR is that no "proper OCR program" that I know of preserves the layout perfectly (without a great deal of time-consuming post-OCR fiddling about in a word-processor, and even then not if you don't have the required fonts installed or if the required fonts' licence is non-embeddable). Please could you add the above simple feature, which would turn a currently very clunky OCR feature into an extremely powerful one?
Dave
I bought InFix but it does not really solve the problem: Yes, InFix shows the hidden text and it can be edited and sent back to being hidden. The problem is that there seems no way to make the original image invisible during the editing. Since the two (image text and hidden text) overlap precisely, one needs to shift the hidden text to somewhere else for viewing and editing and shift it back afterwards, so the whole process becomes too tedious for any serious work.
Similar Messages
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Is it possible to correct Acrobat's OCR errors?
When Acrobat 8 OCRs a document, it makes a fair number of errors - which I could live with if one could correct the errors afterwards, but I can't see any way to do that - is it possible to?
"Find OCR Suspect" doesn't find anything because Acrobat "thinks" it has made no errors - but it always does make some; all OCR programs do, but all others do allow one to correct the errors afterwards.
DaveThanks for this-- I was really banging my head against a wall on a large set of data we needed to OCR and verify.
It took me a while to find the "fill" for the text. It will show up as a red question mark on the dialog box when you are doing this process.
I like the way that you get to see the scanned text immediately when you change the color, then when you click on the text you see the ocr version. Very helpful. Thank you. -
I have received a PDF which prints fine in Windows 7 but with Windows XP I get "Acrobat Reader An error exists on this page. Acrobat may not display the page correctly. Please contact the person who created the PDF document to correct the problem." and a blank piece of paper passes through the printer. I appreciate that Windows XP is no longer supported but I would like to think that the solution to this problem is not too difficult!
I have tried Acrobat 9, 10 and 11.
Any advice (apart from use Windows 7! ) would be most welcome.
Many thanks.If you use the same Adobe Reader versions with the same PDF on Windows 7 and XP, then I would expect the outcome to be the same.
Is this a local or online PDF?
If local, is the file really exactly the same?
If online, in what browser? -
Please provide assistance and guidance as I have recently just downloaded Itunes Version 10.7(much to my regret!)and now experience all types of sound issue-problems such as jumping,skipping and generally poor audio.
I have tried all the driver checks,music enhancer and equilizer de-activation on Itunes and defragmented my computer,but the issues are still there.
I have had NO problems with Itunes 9.2 in the past and now when I tried to re-install 9.2.;the system will not allow me to downgrade.
Is it advisable and poosible to downgrade without any loss of Itunes material?
Any suggestions as to how are would be able to resolve this OR is this an issue that is widespread and Apple need to address in a further upgrade?
Thank-you!
DespondentTo roll back to iTunes 10.7 first download a copy of the installer from here, uninstall iTunes. Probably best to also remove other suppporting software, e.g. Apple Application Support, Apple Mobile Device Support & Bonjour. Reboot. Restore the pre-upgrade version of your library database as per the diagram below, then install iTunes 10.7.
See iTunes Folder Watch for a tool to scan the media folder and catch up with any changes made since the backup file was created.
tt2 -
I am trying to make several hundred pages worth of PDF documents searchable. I have tried everything I can think of with the OCR recognition, and cannot figure out a way to display and edit OCR suspects. No matter which format I try and perform OCR recognition in (Searchable Image, Searchable Image (Exact), or ClearScan), I am told there are no OCR suspects. However, when I copy and paste the text to a Word document, there are obviously errors. From what I understand, Find OCR Suspects is only supposed to work with ClearScan, but it doesn't. In addition, it seems that even if it did work, trying to correct the errors using the TouchUp Text tool won't work anyway, because the program converts everything to custom fonts, and it wants a system font available in order to edit. I cannot figure out how to convert this text to a system font to make edits.
To sum up, here are my issues:
1. Why are OCR suspects not displayed when OCR recognition is performed?
2. How is it possible to fix errors in ClearScan if a system font is required?
3. How does one convert the ClearScan document to a system font so edits can be made?
4. What is the point of performing OCR on a document if one cannot go in and fix errors so the file can be searched and indexed properly? As I said, I have hundreds of pages of scanned documents that need to be made searchable.
Thank you for your help.Hi,
When using Searchable Image (Exact) or Searchable Image there will be no "suspects".
"Suspects" is not a functionality associated with either; rather it is exclusive to
Formatted Text & Graphics (Acrobat 8 & earlier) or ClearScan (Acrobat 9).
Keep in mind that use of OCR (from any software house) does not assure 100% rendering
let alone 100% fidelity of whatever is rendered.
If that is needed then it is time to open the authoring application and created an authoring file
that holds the content. Output this to native PDF.
When Formatted Text & Graphics or ClearScan is used if there are characters that are not recognized
then these are left as raster images. These will not "copy-paste" to a text editor anymore that a jpeg would.
A number of variables dictate/control how successful any OCR is. Some are -
--| effective resolution of (both horizontally and vertically) - impacts fidelity and accuracy
--| quality of source paper (a simple fold line of otherwise "good" paper can leave a wide band void of OCR output)
--| scanner software
--| scanner lamp (quality/intensity)
--| scanner cleanliness/maintenance
On to the "point" of OCR --
Actually, it is *not* to provide a simple, low resource demand, mechanism to development of digital content that can under go
editing-formatting-layout changes. Never has been.
OCR/ICR, etc. primary functionality has been/is to provide a find/search capability.
OCR/ICR has little to no understanding of layout, format, word - line - paragraph structure, etc.
If one needs "proper" digital content (spelling, punctuation, syntax, layout, format, etc.) then one
must master the content into authoring files using the appropriate word processor or page layout application.
Typically, even older source paper can provide good images from scan provided an adequate scanner is used.
Once in PDF OCR (searchable image (exact)) provides high fidelity/accuracy.
From this, catalog indices may be developed.
In conjunction with PDFs having useful metadata the use of Search across one or several "mounted" Catalog index/indices
provides accurate results.
Changing ClearScan font.
Content selected, you need to get into the Properties dialog of the TouchUp Text Tool.
There, go to the Text tab. Adjust settings to pull from available fonts on local machine.
Expect to to this one PDF page at a time.
Be well... -
I need to reinstall CS5 Design Standard on a new computer. I have uninstalled it on old computer, but now realize I am missing a disk. I have tried multiple avenues to track down the link for reinstalling this software, but have had no luck. Please provide a link where I can download software that I have already purchased on a disc. I have all of my serial numbers, and I can see the purchases in my account. But I can't find the download link. the one I was provided was not correct. Thanks for the help.
Jerryllmoreno the retail installation files are located at Download CS5 products.
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Agent Assignment showing error "Please position the cursor correctly"
Hi Friends,
I have a strange problem that has come up suddently in the development client. The "Agent Assignment" which was happening earlier is not working anymore. Instead it is showing an information message "Please position the cursor correctly". I am doing the agent assignment the same way i used to do it earlier but its not happening. I tried changing the agent assignment for most of the task types including the "Activity" task, "Decision" task. But nothing seems to work....
The agent assignment is happening in Sandbox client but not in Development client.
Is it some BASIS side settings ?? What may be the exact cause ??
Please help.
Thanks,
Shashank ShiraliYou do not have the proper authorization to do the agent Assignment. Take a SU53 dump and you will find our which authorization is missing and ask the Security folks to provide the authorization.
Thanks
Arghadip -
Is Arabic language supported in Acrobat XI OCR option?
Hi,
I'm Planing to buy Adobe Acrobat XI Pro, please let me know the followings:-
1- Is Arabic language supported in Acrobat XI OCR option?
2- Do you have authorized re-seller in Qatar? if yes, please give me their contact details.
Appreciate your earliest response.
Thanks,
Nabeel AnsariHi Nabeel
I am afraid Arabic language is not supported in Acrobat XI OCR. For more on OCR, please refer to http://blogs.adobe.com/acrobat/acrobat_ocr_make_your_scanned/
Please visit Find an Adobe reseller for your second query. -
Hi guys please provide me the concepts on workflow
hi guys,
please provide me the concepts on workflow.
i have no idea on workflow,
if you have any helpfull documentation and also some scenarios where u have faced and solved those,also some real time examples.
please help me, and also i will give points if it is helpfull.
thanks.
prasadnn.Hi Prasad
Please find some questions related to WorkFlow
1. Is there a good book about this subject?
Yes, "Practical Workflow for SAP" by Rickayzen, Dart, Brennecke and Schneider. Available from SAP press at the end of July. A german translation of this workflow book is also available directly from Galileo-Press, the publisher.
2. How do I convince my company to use workflow?
Feedback from user groups emphasizes that although the competitive advantage gained by using workflow eclipses the financial savings, it is the financial savings that are the deciding factor when obtaining support from senior management. Projects getting the blessing at the CEO level are much easier to manage, and far more likely to reach their goal within the project time frame. So plan well, and don't neglect the business case.
Because the following questions deal with the financial case in more detail, this section will finish by listing the competitive advantages.
The quality of the process is assured by pushing the relevant information together with links to related transactions directly to the user. Managers don't have the time to search for information so give them what they need to reach the correct decision.
Cycle time is reduced by pushing the process directly to the users. The users receive notification of a task immediately and can even be prioritized by the system.
The tasks are performed consistently and diligently by the users. The workflow system pushes all the necessary information needed to perform a task, including a clear description of what has to be done, how to do it and the impact this task has on the business process for your company. At any time, the user can check the list of tasks pending and determine at a glance which are the important tasks, and which tasks can be completed the next day without any negative impact.
The process instance is transparent. Any user can check at any time how far the process has progressed and which stage the process has reached. For example the call center can immediately see the status of a purchase order, an employee requisitioning a purchase would see at a glance if a colleague has been sitting on it for too long, the ad hoc notes made when approving an engineering change request are visible long after the request has gone into production.
The process is flexible, allowing it to be changed on the fly without retraining everyone involved. The description accompanying the change takes care of on-the-fly process improvements.
Deadline handing ensures that users perform the tasks within the time planned. Escalation measures ensure that the failure to meet a deadline can be corrected by other means.
Intelligent reporting highlights the weaknesses of a process. Often there is a simple cure to such weaknesses such as reeducating the users involved in the bottleneck or providing additional information (automatically). The difficulty of a non-automated process is identifying such bottlenecks.
The process definition is transparent. You can see at a glance how the process works and who will be selected to perform the different tasks. Think of the workflow as the process book. If you can spot the pattern and define the process without headaches, you can create a workflow definition effortlessly. However, don't forget that if a company has business processes that are erratic and lack a consistent pattern, the company is very likely to be losing a lot of money in terms of lost contracts, labor intensive administration and low customer confidence. It is my personal opinion that automating exactly this type of processes will yield the best returns, but only if you limit yourself to automating the basic skeleton of the process first. Don't get bogged down in the detailed exception handling. That can be done in the next phase once you've checked the process statistics and determined which exceptions are worth tackling.
As with most software the reasons for automating business processes are primarily to increase the competitive edge of your company and to cut costs. Although the increase in competitively gained by radically reducing process times is by far the most insignificant gain from workflow, you should not ignore the cost savings. The cost saving calculations are needed by upper management in order to approve workflow projects. This upper management signature will be very useful in different phases of the project and cannot be underestimated.
3. How do I calculate the cost saved by workflow?
Calculate the cost of the manual process in terms of man hours. Don't neglect the time spent gathering information. Ask the following questions:
Is the user forced to log into different systems, or scan through printed documentation....?
Does a skilled user spend time on parts of a task, where less skilled (less expensive) user could do the groundwork? I.e. Can a single task be split into skilled and unskilled tasks to free the skilled worker for work where his/her skills are really needed?
Is time spent researching the progress of a process (usually done by someone not involved in the process directly)?
Is time spent determining who to give the task to next?
Probably the most significant cost will the be the cost of failure?
How often does the process fail?
What is the real cost of failure? Loss of a contract? Loss of a customer? Law suit?
If the failure can be rectified, how labor intensive is it?
4. What are typical costs saved by workflow?
A manually processed accounts payable invoice will cost about 25 USD. After workflow enabling about 15 USD (one example based on customer feedback from a user group meeting).
5. What are typical reductions in processing time caused by workflow?
A traditional paper based approval process involving three people will typically take seven days to complete. The automated process will take one day (results based on customer feedback).
6. What do customers say are the strengths of SAP WebFlow?
WebFlow is the internet functionality of SAP Business Workflow. Based on customer feedback from the various regional users groups, the main strengths of SAP Business Workflow are:
Robust production workflow system, (upgrade continuity with the rest of the SAP system, versioning, scalability, no gluing....)
Standard workflow templates delivered by SAP can be used out-of-the-box or tweaked to deliver the optimum business process for your company. Workflows can be up and running including training in under a day (thanks to the knowledgeware delivered as part of the template packet).
Seamlessly integrated into the SAP environment, be it R/3, Business to Business Procurement, CRM, APO, mySAP.com.... Examples of integration are:
Business Reporting (WIS),
Context sensitive availability at any time through the system menu (available anytime, anywhere)
More and more standard SAP functionality is being provided by using SAP Business Workflow so your homegrown workflows fit the landscape exactly,
More and more workflow functionality is available directly within the SAP transaction or Web MiniApp.
WebFlow is becoming more and more important because companies are no longer being judged by their own performance but by the combined performance of the company AND its partners. In other words it is not enough that the business processes within your company run smoothly and faster than your competitors. You have to ensure that the processes between you and your partners are also as fast, efficient and flexible as possible. WebFlow delivers this.
7. How are users notified about their work pending?
The users are informed by a work item which you may think of as being very like an e-mail. The difference is the work item contains intelligence and by executing the work item you will be taken to the form or SAP transaction that makes up the step in the workflow. This form or transaction could be a decision, a request for information or a request for confirmation that a particular task has been performed.
The work item is usually accompanied by a description of what has to be done, where to refer to when assistance is needed (help desk, intranet...) and a summary of information about the business object or process which enables the operator to attack the task immediately.
This work item can be received and executed in MS OutlookÒ, Lotus NotesÒ, mySAP Workflow MiniApp or the SAP integrated inbox. If this is not enough, the workflow system can transmit e-mail notifications directly to any mail system, informing the user of the need to log in to the SAP system to execute the task. The e-mail notification is done on a subscription basis so that users can de-subscribe from this service if they already check their work item inbox regularly.
8. What workflow reporting is available and is it useful?
Standard workflow reports exist which allow the administrator to check statistics such as the frequency and average duration of the workflow processes. However the real strength of the workflow reporting is that it allows reports to be configured which analyze the process statistics in combination with the data involved within the workflow process and the organizational units associated with the process. For example you can determine the average time invested in a failed contract renewal request, the time taken to create material masters in different plants or the frequency of rejected purchase requisitions on a department to department basis. Often, big reducations in cost or cycle time can be obtained without touching the workflow definitions. Reeducating a particular group of users or incorporating supplementary information in a work item description can often cause dramatic improvements on the cycle times of particularly critical subsets of the process. It is not unusual that this may have a big impact on specific products, plants or organizational units. This will show up in the WebFlow reporting in LIS or the Business Warehouse but it might not show up in traditional statistical workflow reporting. Even though the average time does not change significantly, the impact on costs and profit can be dramatic.
9. How do I choose who to distribute the tasks to?
A work item is assigned to one or more users. Whoever reserves or executes the task first wins and the work item vanishes from the other users' inboxes. This eliminates the need to assign the user to one single user. I.e. No need for complicated algorithms to determine which single user will receive the work item and no need to worry about what will happen when one user is ill for the week (also taken care of by sophisticated substitution mechanisms which can be linked to the SAP organizational model).
Tasks can be assigned to an organizational unit but the strength of the workflow system is to enable business rules which select users according to the data being processed. For example, you might have one group of users associated with one quality notification type. The workflow can be configured to query the QM module directly to determine the users. You can define fallbacks using the default role associated with a task and allow agents to be specified on the fly by a supervisor.
Tasks can be assigned to office distribution lists which is useful when you want your users to subscribe or unsubscribe to a particular task. A typical use of this would be where you have a work rote or want to reduce user maintenance to an absolute minimum. The users subscribe or unsubscribe by joining or leaving an office distribution list (one mouse click).
10. What happens when a deadline is missed?
This depends on your workflow definition. In the simplest case an e-mail is sent to another user by the system (typically your supervisor so watch out!). However in more sophisticated scenarios a missed deadline can redirect that path that the workflow takes. One customer uses deadlines to automatically make an approval if the deadline is missed (at about the eighth approval level!!!). This gives the user the chance to make rejections but does not force him/her to go into the system to approve the other 99.9% of the requests. In safety critical environments the workflow might trigger off preventative action when a deadline is missed or might put other processes on hold. There is no limit as to how you can use this functionality.
11. What deadlines can be monitored?
Many different types of deadlines can monitored. At the single workflow step level you can define deadlines which trigger when the work item has not completed within a certain time and other deadlines when no one starts working on the work item within a given time. You can specify the task deadline statically (e.g. 1 week) or dynamically (e.g. 1 week for material type A and 2 weeks for all the other materials). The offset can be related to the step (e.g. you have 1 week to complete this step) or related to the process (e.g. complete within 2 weeks of the complete process starting, irrespective of how long your colleagues have hogged the previous steps).
Last but not least, deadlines can be set for sub-processes, which is often more important than the deadline of a single step in a workflow.
12. How can I check the status of a workflow?
This is one of the very cool features of SAP Business Workflow. You can usually navigate directly from the business object to check the workflow progress. For example, while viewing a purchase order you can select "workflow" from the system menu or toolbar and you will see a list of workflows related to the purchase order. Usually just one, but if you have created a few of your own and these have been triggered you will see the status of these too. And that is not all. You also see a simplified summary of all the steps that have taken place so far including who performed them, when they were executed and which ad hoc notes were attached.
13. How are workflows triggered?
Workflows can be triggered automatically by changes in the system or manually by an operator. Manually triggered workflows are good for processes that remedy a problem the operator has noticed or for dealing with a forms-based requests (E.g. my PC won't boot). Automatically triggered workflows are useful because the operator does not even have to be aware of the workflow's existence to trigger it. In addition to triggers embedded in transactions there are also generic triggering mechanisms such as a change in the status of a business object or a change in the HR data. Irrespective of how the workflow is triggered, it is linked to the business object as described in the previous answer and can be tracked easily. Because WebFlow is part of the basis system, this triggering is reliable and easy to implement.
Workflows may be triggered by events but this is not essential. The event-handling makes it easy to trigger workflows from transactions and system changes without you having to make modifications. If you are creating your own report or transaction which triggers a workflow, avoid events and trigger the workflow directly with the WAPI function call. This is particularly important when triggering a workflow from outside the SAP system. This method reduces flexibility (the workflow ID is hard-coded) but increases performance if this is an issue (we're talking about 50 000 work items a day here!).
Any exception handling workflows that are intended to be triggered manually can be triggered from the system menu when viewing the relevant transaction. The SAP system has the intelligence to suggest workflows that can be triggered manually based on the authorization of the operator and the context that the operator is working in. No additional customizing is needed here.
14. What open interfaces are supported?
The most significant interface supported is the Wf-XML standard from the Workflow Management Coalition. This is an independent organization of which SAP is a funding member, along with most other major workflow vendors. The Wf-XML interface is based on XML and allows workflows from different vendors to communicate with each other. A detailed description of the interface is available on the WfMCs web site at www.wfmc.org.
15. What is Wf-XML used for?
Although a company is far better off workflow enabling their system with SAP WebFlow when SAP software is used anywhere within the process, a collaborative process can take place between partners using different software platforms employing different workflow systems. To support SAP customers in this situation, WebFlow offers the open interface Wf-XML. This allows Business Processes enabled using different tools to communicate and control each other. Any workflow tool offering this interface can connect up with other tools that also offer this interface.
Wf-XML is the only open interface for supporting interoperability of business processes, independent of what the business process being integrated.
16. Where does Wf-XML come from?
Wf-XML comes from the Workflow Management Coalition, an independent body of workflow vendors, customers and higher education establishments.
17. How does the workflow call procedures from non-SAP systems?
The Actional control broker integrates directly into SAP WebFlow enabling proxy objects to be called directly from the workflow step. When called, the proxy method will make a call to the outside system either as a background task or as a dialogue step. These proxy objects are generated in the SAP system using a converter which converts the objects interface (DCOM, CORBA...) to the SAP syntax. A syntax converter also lets developers view any object in any of the participating systems in the developer's preferred language.
18. How can I get the workflow initiator information in my task?
1) From your triggering event to the workflow, bind the event creator element to the workflow initiator element.
2) Create a workflow container element based on USR01.
3) Add a step based on USR01.FINDUSERFROMAGENTSTRUCTURE to convert your initiator to a USR01 object.
4) Pass the USR01 object to each task you want to display the details.
Mailing
19. What differences are there between a work item and a notification mail?
a) The work item cannot be used to notify several users.
Mails can be routed to several users, just like work items. When a mail is sent, and one recipient reads and deletes the mail, all other recipients will still have access to their own copy in their own inbox. However, when a work item is processed by one of the recipients it will automatically disappear from all the other inboxes. So you can see that a work item is unsuitable for notifying several users.
It is also worth noting that a mail can be forwarded in many different ways (fax, internet...) whereas the work item cannot.
b) The work item holds up the workflow
When the workflow sends a mail (usually as a background step) it continues with the process immediately after transmitting the mail. When a work item is generated, the workflow will not continue until the work item has been processed. This slows down the process. Occasionally this is what is intended (using the work item as an approval step without the ability to reject) but usually you will better off using mails for notifications.
Note: You can send business objects as references with the mail either as a business object reference attached to the mail or as an URL (ABAP required).
What is the difference between sending a mail to a recipient list compared to sending individual mails via a dynamic loop?
Performance. Sending 1 mail to 20 recipients will cost considerably less performance than sending 20 individual mails. If the mail is sent as a SAP Office mail (as opposed to e-mail, fax...) disk space will also be a factor because the SAP office mail will only exist once in the database, with references being created for each of the recipients.
The only time you need to consider individual mails with a dynamic loop is when the text of the mail varies from one recipient to another.
20. How do I send a standard text as an e-mail from workflow?
It is very easy sending standard text , which may include data from the workflow. You simply create a background step which sends the work item description. This may include variables which will be substituted when mail is sent.
In early releases you have to create your own task based on the method SELFITEM SendTaskDescription. In later releases a wizard is available for creating the step and in release 4.6 there is even a step type which does this all for you automatically.
Whichever path you take, there is very good online documentation describing exactly what has to be done.
21. How do I send a complex text from the workflow?
You may create mails using SAPscript. These mails can include conditions which are evaluated in order to determine which text blocks which are used in the mail. Workflow variables can be used in these conditions and workflow variables can be substituted into the body of the e-mail text.
22. How do I send really complex mails from the workflow?
If you this is not enough for you will probably want to write your own ABAP routines for generating the text and generating the attachments to go with the text.
Use the function group SO01 which contains functions of the form SO_*_API1 which are ideal for creating your own sophisticated messages. There are plenty of advantages of how these are used within the SAP system.
23. How do I send reports?
There are wizards (Release 3.1) which will create workflows for you to send reports to a distribution list. You can specify whether the results should be transmitted or evaluated at the time the recipient wishes to view the report. It is usually better to send the evaluation because this allows the recipient to see the results instantaneously, without having to wait for the report to execute first.
Deadlines
24. How can I configure the workflow so that different types of messages are sent out to different people depending on how late the processing is?
Follow these steps:
1. Specify a deadline period for the step.
2. Specify a name for the event. This adds new branch from the step.
3. Add a new step to the branch which sends a mail message.
4. Add another step to the branch which sends out the second deadline warning (see mail steps above). Use deadlines in this step to configure an earliest start so that the second message is not sent until a further time has elapsed.
5. Repeat step 5 as often as you like.
25. How can I configure the workflow so that when the deadline is missed the workflow step is simply skipped?
This is tricky to explain but easy to implement once you know how.
Follow these steps (in later releases there is a wizard which takes you through the steps):
1. In the terminating events view of the workflow step activate the "obsolete" event and give it a name.
2. Specify a deadline period for the step.
3. Specify a name for the event. This adds new branch from the step.
4. Add a new step to the deadline path. This step must be of type "process control".
5. Select the control "Make step obsolete" and use the search help to specify the workflow step that has the deadline. Only steps with obsolete paths defined will be displayed (see step 1).
26. How do I trigger a workflow with an e-mail?
You can customize the system to call a BOR method when an external mail (fax, e-mail...) arrives in the system. You BOR method should either trigger the e-mail directly or trigger an event. To customize this user exit use the transaction SCOT.
27. How can I make sure that user's access their tasks via the workflow and not via the menu or launch pad?
The routing mechanism for work items uses roles and organizational assignments to determine who receives which work item. However the routing does not provide extra authorization checks based on the routing configuration. If you want to ensure that the tasks are executed within the workflow, and not via the standard transaction, service or MiniApp, then you will have to apply your own protection.
The simplest way of doing this is to remove the standard transaction from the user's menu or Workplace role (but include it in the supervisor's role, just in case).
If you want to allow the user to execute the task from the menu if and only if they have received the work item then you should replace the standard transaction with your own custom built transaction. Your own transaction simply calls the standard transaction but performs it's own authorization check first, based on the routing mechanism used in the workflow. Tip: Add a second (ored) authorization check to make sure that a supervisor can execute the transaction in an emergency.
28. What is a workflow? What is a single-step task?
A single-step task is based on an object type from the object business repository (BOR) (for example, a purchase order) and a method for the object (for example, change). A workflow can contain several single-step tasks and activities such as loops and forks. Through a workflow, you create a logical sequence for the single-step tasks. The tool for creating or changing these types of workflows (workflow template) is the Workflow Builder (transaction SWDD).
29. What is a work item (important terms)?
A work item is the runtime object of a workflow or of a single-step task.You can execute dialog work items with the inbox (transaction SBWP). Each workflow and single-step task started is assigned a unique number known as the work item ID.
30. How is an event triggered from the application and a workflow then started?
An event can be triggered from the application in three different ways:
Directly:
Within the application, the SWE_EVENT_CREATE function module or the SWE_EVENT_CREAT_IN_UPD_TASK function module, for example, generates an event in the update.
With a change document:
Change documents are written within the application when you change application objects in the update. You can link events that have the same key with these types of change documents via transaction SWEC.
With status management:
The SWE_EVENT_CREATE_STATUS function module triggers an event in the same way as the direct method when a status is changed. This event contains the object type (for example, purchase order), the object key (for example, purchase order 4711) and other information. Using transaction PFTC, you can assign the event to a specific workflow or single-step task. More settings are available in transaction SWE2.
31. How are the responsible agents determined?
You can assign agents to a single-step task in transaction PFTC. For example, you can do this using organizational units, work center roles or positions. Within a workflow pattern, you can assign specific agents for this workflow to a single-step task. The overlap between both numbers of 'possible agents' represents the number of agents ('selected agents') who have the work item in the inbox later.
32. What is the difference of between an e-mail and a work item?
E-mails and work items are two completely separate things. They just happen to be displayed in the same inbox. An e-mail is a message sent to one or several people. However, a work item is a runtime object of a single-step task or workflow. Consequently, a work item cannot be deleted from the inbox of a user. In this case in fact, you have to adjust the agent assignment or delete the work item as described in note 49545.
33. PFAC no longer works for my role responsibility setup...
Use tx: OOCU_RESP
34. How do I transport workflow definitions and agent assignments?
When transporting workflows, you have to differentiate between the workflow definition and the agent assignment.
A workflow definition is a workbench request. When you save the workflow, a workflow version is created and a request written. Further information about the transport or about the status management is provided in note 378487 and in the notes mentioned there under related notes.
However, where the agent assignment is concerned, this is a Customizing request. To allow transport of agent assignments, the value of the semantic abbreviation CORR for the TRSP group name must be empty in table T77S0.
35. How do you debug a background workflow process?
In your method write the following code:
data exit.
Do.
if exit = 'X'.
exit.
endif.
enddo.
Run the workflow, causing an infinite loop on that step, and then go to SM50.
Here you can debug the process.
36.What is the Workflow basic Customizing?
Before you can use the Workflow module, you must first execute the basic Customizing in transaction SWU3. All of the listed points should be green (the number range for customer tasks is no longer required). A detailed description of the activities is provided in the relevant information buttons. You can also execute some (but not all) of the points using the Automatic Customizing button. See the online documentation for an exact description of what happens there. The RFC destination must work correctly and the user (usually WF BATCH) should have the SAP_ALL profile.
37.: What options do I have as a user to configure the inbox individually?
You have the following options:
You can create separate user-dependent or user-independent layouts so that you can adapt the displayed columns individually. You can access the function in the Workplace via an application function key.
You can set filters to set certain criteria for individual columns or several columns simultaneously, according to which specific work items are then filtered.
You can add dynamic columns in the layout that then display dynamic elements for certain tasks and users from the work item container. However, this is only possible if all tasks in the inbox belong to just one task. If they have several tasks in the inbox, filtering serves no useful purpose because all tasks are first completely read once. You can define these dynamic columns using transaction SWL1.
38. What does the substitute rule system look like in the workflow?
You have a choice of two different substitute rulings:
Active substitute ruling (for example, for absence due to vacations): In this case, the items belonging to the absent person are automatically assigned to the substitutes inbox (in addition to his own work items).
Passive substitution (for example, for absence due to illness): the substitute must explicitly assume the substitution and can only view the items of the absent person in this mode.
For other questions, you must also refer to note 74000.
39. How can users be automatically notified that new work items are available for processing?
Unfortunately, the dialog box that informs users of new work items which appears in SAPoffice is not available within SAP Systems.
However, the following two options are provided:
In the Workflow Builder, you can designate the item as an express item via additional data. The user then receives a corresponding express dialog box.
The RSWUWFML report (note 131795) is a more flexible option. This report sends an e-mail to an external Internet address to notify the user of new work items.
40. Can I set deadlines for the latest processing of work items?
this is where you can use deadline monitoring for work items. In the Workflow Builder, you can set dates for a requested/latest start/end date for each individual step. You must schedule the SWWDHEX job via transaction SWU3 for this. Schedule the job permanently in the production system otherwise it is difficult for the job to schedule individual deadline monitoring scenarios when workflow is heavy.
41. Can I also execute work items with external programs such as Outlook?
You can use the Web GUI for HTML instead of the Windows GUI. However, note that some functions do no work in the WEB GUI, due to technical restrictions in the browser. You must refer to note 487649 on this subject.
SAP also provides interfaces which allow you to process work items with external programs such as Lotus Notes or Microsoft Outlook. Refer to notes 77099, 98408 and 454845 for details.
Hi ,
More stuff on WORKFLOW
Transactions
AWUV Wizard for event creation Definition tools -> Event creation -> Set up with wizard
MCA1 Workflow Information System Reporting -> Workflow Information System (WIS)
OOAW Evaluation paths
PFAC Maintain standard roles
PFAC_CHG Change roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Change
PFAC_DEL Delete roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Delete
PFAC_DIS Display roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Display
PFAC_INS Create roles Definition tools -> Standard roles -> Create
PFOM Maintain assignment to SAP organizational objects Definition tools -> SAP org. objects -> Create assignments
PFOS Display assignment to SAP organizational objects Definition tools -> SAP org. objects -> Display assignments
PFSO Organizational environment of a user
PFT Maintain customer task
PFTC General task maintenance
PFTC_CHG Change tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Change
PFTC_COP Copy tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Copy
PFTC_DEL Delete tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Delete
PFTC_DIS Display tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Display
PFTC_INS Create tasks Definition tools -> Task/Task groups -> Create
PFTR Standard task for transaction
PFTS Standard task
PFWF Maintain workflow task (customer)
PFWS Maintain workflow template
PPOC Create organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Create
PPOM Maintain organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Change
PPOS Display organizational plan Definition tools -> Organizational plan -> Display
SWDA Ongoing Settings Administration -> Settings
SWDC Workflow editor administration data
SWDM Business Workflow Explorer Definition tools -> Business Workflow Explorer
SWE2 Display and maintain event type linkage Utilities -> Events -> Type linkages
SWE3 Display instance linkages Utilities -> Events -> Instance linkages
SWE4 Switch event log on/off Utilities -> Events -> Event/log -> On/Off
SWEC Link change documents to events Definition tools -> Event creation -> Change documents -> Linkage
SWED Assignment of change document objects to object types Definition tools -> Event creation -> Change documents -> Define workflow properties
SWEL Display event log Utilities -> Events -> Event log -> Display
SWF3 Workflow Wizard Explorer Definition tools -> Wizards -> Workflow Wizard Explorer
SWF4 Workflow Wizard Repository Definition tools -> Wizards -> Workflow Wizard Repository
SWI1 Selection report for workflows Utilities -> Work item selection
SWI2 Work item analysis Reporting -> Work item analysis
SWI3 Workflow outbox Runtime tools -> Workflow outbox
SWI4 Task analysis Reporting -> Task analysis
SWI5 Workload analysis Reporting -> Workload analysis
SWI6 Object links Runtime tools -> Object links
SWI7 Workflow resubmission folder From Integrated Inbox or Workflow Outbox
SWI8 Error overview Part of administration of workflow runtime system (transaction SWUF)
SWL1 Settings for dynamic columns Customizing, part of ongoing settings
SWLC Check tasks for agents Utilities -> Consistency check -> Organizational assignment
SWLD Workbench for Workflow 4.0
SWLP Copy plan version
SWLV Maintain work item views Customizing, part of ongoing settingS
SWLW Workbench for Workflow 3.0
SW01 Business Object Builder Definition tools -> Business Object Builder
SW06 Customizing object types From Business Object Builder, choose Settings -> Delegate -> System-wide
SWU0 Event simulation Utilities -> Events -> Simulate event
SWU2 RFC monitor Utilities -> Workflow RFC monitor
SWU3 Customizing consistency check Utilities -> Customizing
SWU4 Consistency check for standard tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Standard task
SWU5 Consistency check for customer tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Customer task
SWU6 Consistency check for workflow tasks Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Workflow task
SWU7 Consistency check for workflow templates Utilities -> Consistency check -> Task -> Workflow template
SWU8 Switch technical trace on/off Utilities -> Technical trace -> On/off
SWU9 Display technical trace Utilities -> Technical trace -> Display
SWUD Diagnostic tools Utilities -> Diagnosis
SWUE Trigger event Utilities -> Events -> Generate event
SWUF Runtime system administration Administration -> Runtime system
SWUG Workflow start transactions Definition tools -> Workflow start transactions
SWUI Start workflows From the R/3 initial screen, choose Office -> Start Workflow
SWUS Start tasks Runtime tools -> Start workflow
SWUY Wizard for message linkage to workflow Definition tools -> Wizards -> Create "Call workflow from message"
SWX1 Create notification of absence
SWX2 Change notification of absence
SWX3 Display notification of absence
SWX4 Approve notification of absence
SWXF Form applications: Access point Environment -> Demo examples -> Fill out form
Reports
RSWWWIDE Delete work items
RHSOBJCH to fix PD Control Tables
Tables
SWW_OUTBOX - Lists Workflows in outbox together with status
SWW_CONT - Container Contents for Work Item Data Container
SWW_CONTOB- Container Cont. for Work Item Data Container (Only Objects)
SWWLOGHIST- History of a work item
SWWORGTASK- Assignment of WIs to Org.Units and Tasks
SWWUSERWI - Current Work Items Assigned to a User
SWWWIHEAD - Header Table for all Work Item Types
Reward poits if helpful.
Regards,
Amber S -
Please provide the link to download WINDOWS 9 ISO
Hi All,
Please provide the correct URL to download Windows 9 ISO??
Thanks, Prabha GAs of this date, there is no download available.
"Microsoft to deliver Windows 'Threshold' tech preview around late September"
Carey Frisch -
Please provide me material for bdc
Hi everyone,
can you please provide me some stuff for bdc, actually i am working on bdc for mm01 , so plz send me study materials and if you have any scenario then please forward me.
Thanks & Regards,
Vimarsh B.Hi
Hope it will help you.
Reward if help.
BATCH DATA COMMUNICATION
About Data Transfer In R/3 System
When a company decides to implement the SAP R/3 to manage business-critical data, it usually does not start from a no-data situation. Normally, a SAP R/3 project comes into replace or complement existing application.
In the process of replacing current applications and transferring application data, two situations might occur:
u2022 The first is when application data to be replaced is transferred at once, and only once.
u2022 The second situation is to transfer data periodically from external systems to SAP and vice versa.
u2022 There is a period of time when information has to be transferred from existing application, to SAP R/3, and often this process will be repetitive.
The SAP system offers two primary methods for transferring data into SAP systems. From non-SAP systems or legacy system. These two methods are collectively called u201Cbatch inputu201D or u201Cbatch data communicationu201D.
1. SESSION METHOD
2. CALL TRANSACTION
3. DIRECT INPUT
Advantages offered by BATCH INPUT method:
1. Can process large data volumes in batch.
2. Can be planned and submitted in the background.
3. No manual interaction is required when data is transferred.
4. Data integrity is maintained as whatever data is transferred to the table is through transaction. Hence batch input data is submitted to all the checks and validations.
To implement one of the supported data transfers, you must often write the program that exports the data from your non-SAP system. This program, known as a u201Cdata transferu201D program must map the data from the external system into the data structure required by the SAP batch input program.
The batch input program must build all of the input to execute the SAP transaction.
Two main steps are required:
u2022 To build an internal table containing every screen and every field to be filled in during the execution of an SAP transaction.
u2022 To pass the table to SAP for processing.
Prerequisite for Data Transfer Program
Writing a Data Transfer Program involves following prerequisites:
Analyzing data from local file
Analyzing transaction
Analyzing transaction involves following steps:
u2022 The transaction code, if you do not already know it.
u2022 Which fields require input i.e., mandatory.
u2022 Which fields can you allow to default to standard values.
u2022 The names, types, and lengths of the fields that are used by a transaction.
u2022 Screen number and Name of module pool program behind a particular transaction.
To analyze a transaction::
u2022 Start the transaction by menu or by entering the transaction code in the command box.
(You can determine the transaction name by choosing System u2013 Status.)
u2022 Step through the transaction, entering the data will be required for processing your batch input data.
u2022 On each screen, note the program name and screen (dynpro) number.
(dynpro = dyn + pro. Dyn = screen, pro = number)
u2022 Display these by choosing System u2013 Status. The relevant fields are Program (dynpro) and Dynpro number. If pop-up windows occur during execution, you can get the program name and screen number by pressing F1 on any field or button on the screen.
The technical info pop-up shows not only the field information but also the program and screen.
u2022 For each field, check box, and radio button on each screen, press F1 (help) and then choose Technical Info.
Note the following information:
- The field name for batch input, which youu2019ll find in its own box.
- The length and data type of the field. You can display this information by double clicking on the Data Element field.
u2022 Find out the identification code for each function (button or menu) that you must execute to process the batch-input data (or to go to new screen).
Place the cursor on the button or menu entry while holding down the left mouse button. Then press F1.
In the pop-up window that follows, choose Technical info and note the code that is shown in the Function field.
You can also run any function that is assigned to a function key by way of the function key number. To display the list of available function keys, click on the right mouse button. Note the key number that is assigned to the functions you want to run.
Once you have program name, screen number, field name (screen field name), you can start writing.
DATA TRANSFER program.
Declaring internal table
First Integral Table similar to structure like local file.
Declaring internal table like BDCDATA
The data from internal table is not transferred directly to database table, it has to go through transaction. You need to pass data to particular screen and to particular screen-field. Data is passed to transaction in particular format, hence there is a need for batch input structure.
The batch input structure stores the data that is to be entered into SAP system and the actions that are necessary to process the data. The batch input structure is used by all of the batch input methods. You can use the same structure for all types of batch input, regardless of whether you are creating a session in the batch input queue or using CALL TRANSACTION.
This structure is BDCDATA, which can contain the batch input data for only a single run of a transaction. The typical processing loop in a program is as follows:
u2022 Create a BDCDATA structure
u2022 Write the structure out to a session or process it with CALL TRANSACTION USING; and then
u2022 Create a BDCDATA structure for the next transaction that is to be processed.
Within a BDCDATA structure, organize the data of screens in a transaction. Each screen that is processed in the course of a transaction must be identified with a BDCDATA record. This record uses the Program, Dynpro, and Dynbegin fields of the structure.
The screen identifier record is followed by a separate BDCDATA record for each value, to be entered into a field. These records use the FNAM and FVAL fields of the BDCDATA structure. Values to be entered in a field can be any of the following:
u2022 Data that is entered into screen fields.
u2022 Function codes that are entered into the command field. Such function codes execute functions in a transaction, such as Save or Enter.
The BDCDATA structure contains the following fields:
u2022 PROGRAM: Name of module pool program associated with the screen. Set this field only for the first record for the screen.
u2022 DYNPRO: Screen Number. Set this field only in the first record for the screen.
u2022 DYNBEGIN: Indicates the first record for the screen. Set this field to X, only for the first record for the screen. (Reset to u2018 u2018 (blank) for all other records.)
u2022 FNAM: Field Name. The FNAM field is not case-sensitive.
u2022 FVAL: Value for the field named in FNAM. The FVAL field is case-sensitive. Values assigned to this field are always padded on the right, if they are less than 132 characters. Values must be in character format.
Transferring data from local file to internal table
Data is uploaded to internal table by UPLOAD of WS_UPLOAD function.
Population of BDCDATA
For each record of internal table, you need to populate Internal table, which is similar to BDCDATA structure.
All these five initial steps are necessary for any type of BDC interface.
DATA TRANSFER program can call SESSION METHOD or CALL TRANSACTION. The initial steps for both the methods are same.
First step for both the methods is to upload the data to internal table. From Internal Table, the data is transferred to database table by two ways i.e., Session method and Call transaction.
SESSION METHOD
About Session method
In this method you transfer data from internal table to database table through sessions.
In this method, an ABAP/4 program reads the external data that is to be entered in the SAP System and stores the data in session. A session stores the actions that are required to enter your data using normal SAP transaction i.e., Data is transferred to session which in turn transfers data to database table.
Session is intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with its action is stored in session i.e., data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, the program name behind it, and how the next screen is processed.
When the program has finished generating the session, you can run the session to execute the SAP transactions in it. You can either explicitly start and monitor a session or have the session run in the background processing system.
Unless session is processed, the data is not transferred to database table.
BDC_OPEN_GROUP
You create the session through program by BDC_OPEN_GROUP function.
Parameters to this function are:
u2022 User Name: User name
u2022 Group: Name of the session
u2022 Lock Date: The date on which you want to process the session.
u2022 Keep: This parameter is passed as u2018Xu2019 when you want to retain session after
processing it or u2018 u2018 to delete it after processing.
BDC_INSERT
This function creates the session & data is transferred to Session.
Parameters to this function are:
u2022 Tcode: Transaction Name
u2022 Dynprotab: BDC Data
BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
This function closes the BDC Group. No Parameters.
Some additional information for session processing
When the session is generated using the KEEP option within the BDC_OPEN_GROUP, the system always keeps the sessions in the queue, whether it has been processed successfully or not.
However, if the session is processed, you have to delete it manually. When session processing is completed successfully while KEEP option was not set, it will be removed automatically from the session queue. Log is not removed for that session.
If the batch-input session is terminated with errors, then it appears in the list of INCORRECT session and it can be processed again. To correct incorrect session, you can analyze the session. The Analysis function allows to determine which screen and value has produced the error. If you find small errors in data, you can correct them interactively, otherwise you need to modify batch input program, which has generated the session or many times even the data file.
CALL TRANSACTION
About CALL TRANSACTION
A technique similar to SESSION method, while batch input is a two-step procedure, Call Transaction does both steps online, one after the other. In this method, you call a transaction from your program by
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages into <MSGTAB>.
Parameter u2013 1 is transaction code.
Parameter u2013 2 is name of BDCTAB table.
Parameter u2013 3 here you are specifying mode in which you execute transaction
A is all screen mode. All the screen of transaction are displayed.
N is no screen mode. No screen is displayed when you execute the transaction.
E is error screen. Only those screens are displayed wherein you have error record.
Parameter u2013 4 here you are specifying update type by which database table is updated.
S is for Synchronous update in which if you change data of one table then all the related Tables gets updated. And sy-subrc is returned i.e., sy-subrc is returned for once and all.
A is for Asynchronous update. When you change data of one table, the sy-subrc is returned. And then updating of other affected tables takes place. So if system fails to update other tables, still sy-subrc returned is 0 (i.e., when first table gets updated).
Parameter u2013 5 when you update database table, operation is either successful or unsuccessful or operation is successful with some warning. These messages are stored in internal table, which you specify along with MESSAGE statement. This internal table should be declared like BDCMSGCOLL, a structure available in ABAP/4. It contains the following fields:
1. Tcode: Transaction code
2. Dyname: Batch point module name
3. Dynumb: Batch input Dyn number
4. Msgtyp: Batch input message type (A/E/W/I/S)
5. Msgspra: Batch input Lang, id of message
6. Msgid: Message id
7. MsgvN: Message variables (N = 1 - 4)
For each entry, which is updated in database, table message is available in BDCMSGCOLL. As BDCMSGCOLL is structure, you need to declare a internal table which can contain multiple records (unlike structure).
Steps for CALL TRANSACTION method
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
4. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
(To populate BDCTAB, You need to transfer each and every field)
The major differences between Session method and Call transaction are as follows:
SESSION METHOD CALL TRANSACTION
1. Data is not updated in database table unless Session is processed. Immediate updation in database table.
2. No sy-subrc is returned. Sy-subrc is returned.
3. Error log is created for error records. Errors need to be handled explicitly
4. Updation in database table is always synchronous Updation in database table can be synchronous Or Asynchronous.
Error Handling in CALL TRANSACTION
When Session Method updates the records in database table, error records are stored in the log file. In Call transaction there is no such log file available and error record is lost unless handled. Usually you need to give report of all the error records i.e., records which are not inserted or updated in the database table. This can be done by the following method:
Steps for the error handling in CALL TRANSACTION
1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
3. Internal table BDCMSG like BDCMSGCOLL
4. Internal table similar to Ist internal table
(Third and fourth steps are for error handling)
5. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from the local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
6. Loop at itab.
Populate BDCTAB table.
Call transaction <tr.code> using <Bdctab>
Mode <A/N/E>
Update <S/A>
Messages <BDCMSG>.
Perform check.
Refresh BDCTAB.
Endloop.
7 Form check.
IF sy-subrc <> 0. (Call transaction returns the sy-subrc if updating is not successful).
Call function Format_message.
(This function is called to store the message given by system and to display it along with record)
Append itab2.
Display the record and message.
DIRECT INPUT
About Direct Input
In contrast to batch input, this technique does not create sessions, but stores the data directly. It does not simulate the online transaction. To enter the data into the corresponding database tables directly, the system calls a number of function modules that execute any necessary checks. In case of errors, the direct input technique provides a restart mechanism. However, to be able to activate the restart mechanism, direct input programs must be executed in the background only. Direct input checks the data thoroughly and then updates the database directly.
You can start a Direct Input program in two ways;
Start the program directly
This is the quickest way to see if the program works with your flat file. This option is possible with all direct input programs. If the program ends abnormally, you will not have any logs telling you what has or has not been posted. To minimize the chance of this happening, always use the check file option for the first run with your flat file. This allows you to detect format errors before transfer.
Starting the program via the DI administration transaction
This transaction restarts the processing, if the data transfer program aborts. Since DI document are immediately posted into the SAP D/B, the restart option prevents the duplicate document posting that occurs during a program restart (i.e., without adjusting your flat file).
Direct input is usually done for standard data like material master, FI accounting document, SD sales order and Classification for which SAP has provided standard programs.
First time you work with the Direct Input administration program, you will need to do some preparation before you can transfer data:
- Create variant
- Define job
- Start job
- Restart job
Common batch input errors
- The batch input BDCDATA structure tries to assign values to fields which do not exist in the current transaction screen.
- The screen in the BDCDATA structure does not match the right sequence, or an intermediate screen is missing.
- On exceptional occasions, the logic flow of batch input session does not exactly match that of manual online processing. Testing the sessions online can discover by this.
- The BDCDATA structure contains fields, which are longer than the actual definition.
- Authorization problems.
RECORDING A BATCH INPUT
A B recording allows you to record a R/3 transaction and generate a program that contains all screens and field information in the required BDC-DATA format.
You can either use SHDB transaction for recording or
SYSTEM ? SERVICES ? BATCH INPUT ? EDIT
And from here click recording.
Enter name for the recording.
(Dates are optional)
Click recording.
Enter transaction code.
Enter.
Click Save button.
You finally come to a screen where, you have all the information for each screen including BDC_OKCODE.
u2022 Click Get Transaction.
u2022 Return to BI.
u2022 Click overview.
u2022 Position the cursor on the just recorded entry and click generate program.
u2022 Enter program name.
u2022 Click enter
The program is generated for the particular transaction.
BACKGROUND PROCESSING
Need for Background processing
When a large volume of data is involved, usually all batch inputs are done in background.
The R/3 system includes functions that allow users to work non-interactively or offline. The background processing systems handle these functions.
Non-interactively means that instead of executing the ABAP/4 programs and waiting for an answer, user can submit those programs for execution at a more convenient planned time.
There are several reasons to submit programs for background execution.
u2022 The maximum time allowed for online execution should not exceed 300 seconds. User gets TIMEOUT error and an aborted transaction, if time for execution exceeds 300 seconds. To avoid these types of error, you can submit jobs for background processing.
u2022 You can use the system while your program is executing.
This does not mean that interactive or online work is not useful. Both type of processing have their own purposes. Online work is the most common one entering business data, displaying information, printing small reports, managing the system and so on. Background jobs are mainly used for the following tasks; to process large amount of data, to execute periodic jobs without human intervention, to run program at a more convenient, planned time other than during normal working hours i.e., Nights or weekends.
The transaction for background processing is SM36.
Or
Tools ? Administration ? Jobs ? Define jobs
Or
System ? services ? Jobs
Components of the background jobs
A job in Background processing is a series of steps that can be scheduled and step is a program for background processing.
u2022 Job name. Define the name of assigned to the job. It identifies the job. You can specify up to 32 characters for the name.
u2022 Job class. Indicates the type of background processing priority assigned to the job.
The job class determines the priority of a job. The background system admits three types of job classes: A B & C, which correspond to job priority.
u2022 Job steps. Parameters to be passed for this screen are as follows:
Program name.
Variant if it is report program
Start criteria for the job: Option available for this are as follows:
Immediate - allows you to start a job immediately.
Date/Time - allows you to start a job at a specific name.
After job - you can start a job after a particular job.
After event - allows you to start a job after a particular event.
At operation mode - allows you to start a job when the system switches to a particular operation mode.
Defining Background jobs
It is two step process: Firstly, you define the job and then release it.
When users define a job and save it, they are actually scheduling the report i.e., specifying the job components, the steps, the start time.
When users schedule program for background processing, they are instructing the system to execute an ABAP/4 report or an external program in the background. Scheduled jobs are not executed until they are released. When jobs are released, they are sent for execution to the background processing system at the specified start time. Both scheduling and releasing of jobs require authorizations.
HANDLING OF POP UP SCREEN IN BDC
Many times in transaction pop up screen appears and for this screen you donu2019t pass any record but some indication to system telling it to proceed further. For example: The following screen
To handle such screen, system has provided a variable called BDC_CURSOR. You pass this variable to BDCDATA and process the screen.
Usually such screen appears in many transactions, in this case you are just passing information, that YES you want to save the information, that means YES should be clicked. So you are transferring this information to BDCDATA i.e., field name of YES which is usually SPOT_OPTION. Instead of BDC_OKCODE, you are passing BDC_CURSOR.
BDC_CURSOR is also used to place cursor on particular field.
AN EXAMPLE WITH SESSION METHOD
Following program demonstrates how data is passed from flat file to SAP transaction and further to database table by using SESSION method.
The transaction is TFBA (to change customer).
A simple transaction where you are entering customer number on first screen and on next screen data is displayed for the particular customer number. Field, which we are changing here, are name and city. When you click on save, the changed record gets saved.
Prerequisite to write this BDC interface as indicated earlier is:
1. To find screen number
2. To find screen field names, type of the field and length of the field.
3. To find BDC_OKCODE for each screen
4. Create flat file.
Flat file can be created in your hard disk as follows:
1 Vinod Hyderabad
2 Kavitha Secunderabad
3 Kishore Hyderabad
(Where 1st character field is Customer number, 2nd field is Customer name and 3rd field is City.)
To transfer this data to database table SCUSTOM following interface can be used.
REPORT DEMO1.
Following internal table is to upload flat file.
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
ID(10),
NAME(25),
CITY(25),
END OF ITAB.
*Following internal table BDCDATA is to pass date from internal table to session.
DATA: BDCTAB LIKE BDCDATA OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE.
Variables
DATA: DATE1 LIKE SY-DATUM. DATE1 = SY-DATUM - 1. u201C This is for Hold Date
To upload flat file to internal table.
CALL FUNCTION UPLOAD
EXPORTING
FILE NAME = u2018C:\FF.TXTu2019
FILE TYPE = u2018ASCu201D
TABLES
DATA_TAB = ITAB
EXCEPTIONS
CONVERSION_ERROR = 1
INVALID_TABLE_WIDTH = 2
INVALID_TYPE = 3
NO_BATCH = 4
UNKNOWN_ERROR = 5
OTHERS = 6.
If sy-subrc = 0.
Calling Function to Create a Session
CALL FUNCTION u2018BDC_OPEN_GROUPu2019
EXPORTING
CLIENT = SY-MANDT
GROUP = u2018POTHURIu2019
HOLDDATE = DATE1
KEEP = u2018Xu2019
USER = SY-UNAME
EXCEPTIONS
CLIENT_INVALID = 1
DESTINATION_INVALID = 2
GROUP_INVALID = 3
GROUP_IS_LOCKED = 4
HOLDDATE_INVALID = 5
INTERNAL_ERROR = 6
QUEUE_ERROR = 7
RUNNING = 8
SYSTEM_LOCK_ERROR = 9
USER_INVALID = 10
OTHERS = 11.
If sy-subrc = 0.
*-- MAIN Logic--
LOOP AT ITAB
PERFORM GENERATE_DATA. u201C Populating BDCDATA Table
CALL FUNCTION u2018BDC_INSERTu2019
EXPORTING
TCODE = u2018TFBAu2019
TABLES
DYNPROTAB = BDCTAB
EXCEPTIONS
INTERNAL_ERROR = 1
NOT_OPEN = 2
QUEUE_ERROR = 3
TCODE_INVALID = 4
PRINTING_INVALID = 5
POSTING_INVALID = 6
OTHERS = 7.
REFRESH BDCTAB
ENDLOOP.
Calling function to close the session
CALL FUNCTION u2018BDC_CLOSE_GROUPu2019
EXCEPTIONS
NOT_OPEN = 1
QUEUE_ERROR = 2
OTHERS = 3.
Endif.
Endif.
*& Form GENERATE_DATA
Create BDC Data
FORM GENERATE_DATA
Passing information for 1st screen on BDCDATA
BDCTAB-PROGRAM = u2018SAPMTFBAu2019.
BDCTAX-DYNPRO = 100.
BDCTAP-DYNBEGIN = u2018Xu2019.
APPEND BCDTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing field information to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-FNAM = u2018SCUSTOM-IDu2019
BDCTAB-FVAL = ITAB-ID.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing BDC_OKCODE to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-FNAM = u2018BDC_OKCODEu2019.
BDCTAB-FVAL = u2018/5u2019.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing screen information for next screen to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-PROGRAM = u2018SAPMTFBAu2019.
BDCTAB-DYNPRO = 200.
BDCTAB-DYNBEGIN = u2018Xu2019.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing screen information to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-FNAM = u2018SCUSTOM-NAMEu2019.
BDCTAB-FVAL = ITAB-NAME.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing screen information to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-FNAM = u2018SCUSTOM-CITYu2019.
BDCTAB-FVAL = ITAB-CITY.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
Passing BDC_OKCODE to BDCDATA
BDCTAB-FNAM = u2018BDC_OKCODEu2019.
BDCTAB-FVAL = u2018SAVEu2019.
APPEND BDCTAB.CLEAR BDCTAB.
ENDFORM. u201CGENERATE_DATA
AN EXAMPLE WITH CALL TRANSACTION
Same steps to be repeated for CALL TRANSACTION
The only difference between the two types of interface is in Session method, you create session and store information about screen and data into session. When session is processed the data is transferred to database. While in CALL TRANSACTION, data is transferred directly to database table.
REPORT DEMO1.
Follow above Code till MAIN Logic. Even the Subroutine should be copied
LOOP AT ITAB
PERFORM GENERATE_DATA, u201CPopulating BDCDATA Table
Call transaction u2018TFBAu2019 using BCDDATA Mode u2018Au2019 Update u2018Su2019.
REFRESH BDCTAB
ENDLOOP. -
PLease provide me the information on BTEs?
Can any one please provide me the information regarding the BTEs.
What is mean by VALIDATION AND SUBSTITUTION?
Regards
AbhilashConfiguring Business Transaction Events
Basic Steps in Configuring an Event
Make sure the application is active for Business Transaction Events.
Copy the sample interface function module into a "Z" function module.
Enter the ABAP code into the source code section of the new "Z" function module. You may choose to create a "Z" program to enter the code into and then insert the "Z" program into your function module source code.
Activate the function module.
Assign the function module to the event, country and application.
Example Business Scenario for Business Transaction Events
Company A would like to copy the group key field from the vendor master into the allocation field on all the line items within a vendor invoice and payments, including the vendor lines. This requirement assumes only one vendor is posted to in a document.
To accomplish this requirement, Company A will use the Business Transaction Event 1130, Post Document: SAP Internal Field Substitution.
1. IMG Menu Path: Financial Accounting Financial Accounting Global Settings Use Business Transaction Events Environment Infosystem (Processes).
2. Find the correct Business Event. You are updating a field, so you select the Processes Info System instead of the Publish and Subscribe Info System.
3. Execute the search with the defaults.
4. Find the correct interface for updating a document.
5. Put your cursor on the event and click on the Sample Function Module button.
6. You are now in transaction SE37 Function Builder. This is the function module you will need to copy into a "Z" name function module for your coding
7. Click on the Copy button.
8. Enter the "Z" function module name in the To Function Module field
9. Enter a Function Group. If you need to create a "Z" function group, go to transaction code SE37 and follow menu path: Go to Function Groups Create Group. A function group is a logical grouping of function modules, and the ABAP code is generated for function groups. You will be prompted for a development class and transport when creating the function group.
10. In Function Builder (transaction SE37), enter the new "Z" function module. Click on the Change button.
11. The system will default into the source code screen where you may enter your ABAP code.
12. Notice the tables available for the code. Additional tables may be declared if necessary.
14. Save the function module.
15. Back out to the main Function Builder screen by clicking on the green arrow button.
16. Activate the function module by clicking on the Activate button.
17. Assign the function module to the event in the IMG: Financial Accounting Financial Accounting Global Settings Business Transaction Events Settings Process Function Modules of an SAP Appl.
18. Hit enter past the warning messages that this is SAP data.
19. Click on the New Entries button.
20. Enter the process for your interface.
21. Enter the country the interface is valid for. If it is valid for all countries, leave this field blank.
22. Enter the application the interface should be called for. If it should be called for all applications, leave this field blank. Please note that not all integrated transactions are programmed to go through these interfaces! You will need to test to find out!
23. Enter the new "Z" function module
24. Save the settings. At this point you will be prompted for a CTS number for the configuration change.
25. The Business Transaction Event is complete! You are ready for testing
Have a look at below link:
[Creation of Events via Business Transaction Events |https://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/3b/7f3e8be57c11d1951f0000e82dec10/frameset.htm]
[BTE|http://www.ficoexpertonline.com/downloads/User%20ExitsWPedit.doc]
I hope it helps.
Thanks,
Vibha
Please mark all the useful answers -
Please provide me the documentation link for Oracle Financials.
Hi All,
Can anyone please provide me the link for documentaion on Oracle Financials (Oracle Assets, General Ledger, Inventory, Order Entry, Payables, Cash Management, Purchasing, Receivables, Revenue Accounting, Sales Analysis).
Thank you,
Prasad.I have to upgrade my database server 10.1.0.2 to
10.1.0.4 both windows server and linux86
please post the correct patch idYou can get that from MetaLink. Go to Patches & Updates and choose the link "Quick Links to the Latest Patchsets..." -
4.2.1 was supposed to fix problems, but it only created new ones. No video on some movies, no audio on others, and can't even play some movies. Can you please provide a means to restore 4.1.1?
Let me try again, Chenks. I'm a technical person by profession, and so can get deeper into things like this, but I have not attempted to use these methods of communication in the past. I'm trying to get some feedback to Apple on their worsening a product and really messing with existing customer configurations. I'll try to break things up below.
1. Configuration:
Existing Apple TV and Mac Mini configuration in place since December 2010.
Three Apple TVs, one in Family Room for music and movies, one in Master Bedroom for music and movies, the third one in the Living Room for music only.
I'm using iTunes as library. (Probably an obvious statement, but wanted to mention that.)
2. Pre 4.2.1
No problems at any location since configuration finalized and all equipment installed in December.
Since December, Family Room entertainment equipment was updraded to a new Sony Bravia 3D, and a new Pioneer receiver. The Master Bedroom still has the original Toshiba 32HLC56 TV. That unit has only one HDMI input. I'm using the built-in speakers. This TV/Monitor is about fives years old.
3. Problem
I updated the software in two of the Apple TVs to 4.2.1. I updated the Family Room device and the Master Bedroom device. I had not updated the Living Room device.
After updating to 4.2.1, the Family Room equipment works fine. That's the location with the newer TV and receiver.
The Master Bedroom has different problems with different movies: e.g. "The Little Mermaid:" video, no audio. "The Lion King:" movie wont start at all.
Additionally, in the Master Bedroom some movies work fine, other movies start but immediately go into pause mode. Pressing pause button on Apple remote will not initiate start of movie, screen does "flicker" for a moment but movie does not start to play, showing only the last frame that had been streamed.
4. Not really a problem for me.
Fortunately for me, I had not updated the Apple TV in the living room so I used it to troubleshoot the problem. Initially I thought it was a defective Apple TV in the Master Bedroom. I took the unit to the Apple Store in town and they exchanged it for me. I brought the replacement Apple TV home but I did not install it immediately.
While testing the Master Bedroom set up once again to make it was working for our afternoon movie watching, I was again reminded that a software update was available. That message came up because it was the unit I had brought over from the Living Room. I proceeded to update the Apple TV to the new software version (4.2.1).
As soon as I "updated" the software in the Apple TV to the new 4.2.1, the same problems manifested themselves. At that point I suspected that the problem was with 4.2.1, and not with the hardware.
I called Apple Support and went through a series of troubleshooting techniques. We tested the Apple TV with the new 4.2.1 installed in it. This is the unit which originially in the Living Room. Under the direction of the Apple TV support technician, I used the Family Room gear and the Master Bedroom gear to try and isolate the problem to hardware or software.
We eliminated the following as potential problems:
a. TV speakers in the Master Bedroom
b. HDMI cable
c. Ethernet connection
5: Conclusion:
Fortunately for me, again, the Apple TV that the Apple Store had given me that morning still had 4.1.1. So I installed that unit in the Master Bedroom and everything started working normal again.
6. Side note:
An interesting observation: In early March I copied several movies from the Mac Mini to my iPad and some to my wife's iPad. All movies worked fine on our flight out and while we were away.
My wife recently (about a week ago) updated the software in her iPad. and now some of the movies that played just fine on her iPad are exhibiting the same problems as the Master Bedroom TV when it is connected to an Apple TV with software 4.2.1.
Apple has been trying to fix some problems in 4.2 when it released 4.2.1. I make that observation based on recent articles I found on the web. Most likely the Apple engineers were trying to fix things in one place and broke them in another.
Clear as mud, isn't it?
7. In closing:
I'm good to go, I just need to remember not to update the software in the Master Bedroom Apple TV. I want to keep that unit at 4.1.1. It's possible that Apple might come to the realization that they hosed things for some of us. Because I do have three units in my home, I can experiement with the other two units should a "fix" come out. I can then update one of the two devices, connect it to the Master Bedroom TV, and see if the problem was corrected. If not, I stay with 4.1.1. But I'm not convinced that Apple will see this as their problem, it's always easier to point elsewhere.
Regards, -
Please provide option to display/hide SCROLL BARS
Hello.
My colleagues and I are not happy with Acrobat and Acrobat Read for the reason that, regardless of computer and operating system, these products refuse to show the scroll bars when one opens a PDF in full scrreen mode. There's simply no option anywhere under Preferences or elsewhere in the application to force Acrobat or Acrobat Reader to display the scroll bars. Needless to say, this is exceptionally annoying. We've got hundreds of PDF's saved in full screen mode, and we must be able to use the scroll bars.
Please provide a check box option to display/hide scroll bars under Page Display (or some other preference category) to overide any wonky display behaviour in Acrobat/Reader.
Rupertsland.Or as I usually describe it, we've changed from "starts with" to "contains". There are not too many regex aficionados in here. ;-)
This bug is annoying many users. I'm not so sure it's a backward step; it seems it's easier for someone such as myself with increasingly vague and inexact recollection to find an Address Book entry without needing an accurate starting point for the search. The ability to search by ''any'' part of the address, such as the domain, or the nickname, seems useful to me too.
If you typed "Ken " or "ngs" then you'd likely get the entry you want, wouldn't you?
A more significant bug, IMHO, is that when you have selected Ken's entry, it isn't necessarily the one that gets inserted into the address field.
There is a bug for this and it's being worked on, but I'm not sure you'll get your /^name/ option. You could go back to, say, TBv24.6.
https://ftp.mozilla.org/pub/mozilla.org/thunderbird/releases/
Maybe you are looking for
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Looking For Standard SAP Report - Production Orders - Hours
Is anyone aware of a standard report in SAP's PP module that shows labor hours in a planned vs. actual fashion? The report that resides in a single production order via the menu path Goto -> Costs -> Analysis is great. Our Plant Managers though nee
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Hey guys thanks for the help so far. The last piece to the puzzle for me is figuring out how to scroll a movie clip within a mask. I'm currently working with the script taken from the Interactive Image Panning tutorial on kirupa.com as a base. Right
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I accidentally delete all my photo in the "all my files". actually I delete every thing in ALL MY FILES. How could I back up all the photo? and other data, such as movies and so on? Do I need to go to Apple store to back up? (time machine is turn off
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Access connections 5.50 and EAP TLS with Computer certificate
Hello, I'm trying to connect to a Wifi using Computer certificate to authenticate and it works perfectly fine with windows Wireless Zero Config however with Thinkvantage Access Connection I always get an authentication error. I'm using a R61 with a T