Plz give the difference between procedure and function atleast 10 differenc

plz give the difference between procedure and function atleast 10 differenc

From http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/appdev.102/b14251/adfns_packages.htm#i1006378
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The only difference between procedures and functions is that functions always return a single value to the caller, while procedures do not return a value to the caller.
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Edited by: P. Forstmann on 28 oct. 2010 15:30

Similar Messages

What is the difference between procedure and function?

Hi,
i want to know the difference between procedure and function.
Also, i want to know types(if they exists) of procedures and functions .
Regards

Also, please try and use the SEARCH functionality offered by the forum, it's always possible someone has asked the question before you.
Functions vs Stored Procedures
Is one such instance.

Difference between procedure and function

hi
please give solution to below discussion:
Interviewer: What is the difference between Procedure and Function ?
Myself: Procedure may or may not return a value and can return multiple values and Function must return a value.
Interviewer : Can function return multiple values ?
myself: Yes, It can return multiple values.
Interviewer: Then, there is no need to use procedures any more, according to your previous answer (function can return multiple values) "we can do all the things by using procedures by using functions". Then why there is differentiation between procedure and function ?
myself : no reply (simply frustated at this question)
The above is conversation between me and interviewer.
Please suggest me what would be my reply to above topic.
In one book i find that using functions we can return multiple values but it is poor programming practice.
why this is a programming practice ?
please suggest me solution
thanks in advance
prasanth as.

Another difference is function must return something. There is no such restriction on procedure.In fact, a procedure CANNOT contain an expression in its RETURN statement.
SQL> create or replace procedure test_return is
2 begin
3    return(10) ;
4 end ;
5 /
Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.
SQL> show errors
Errors for PROCEDURE TEST_RETURN:
LINE/COL ERROR
3/3      PLS-00372: In a procedure, RETURN statement cannot contain an
         expression
3/3      PL/SQL: Statement ignored
SQL>And, a procedure cannot be called as part of a expression (it must be a function).
SQL> create or replace procedure test_return is
2 begin
3    return ;
4 end ;
5 /
Procedure created.
SQL> variable x number ;
SQL> exec :x := test_return ;
BEGIN :x := test_return ; END;
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-06550: line 1, column 13:
PLS-00222: no function with name 'TEST_RETURN' exists in this scope
ORA-06550: line 1, column 7:
PL/SQL: Statement ignored
SQL>

Differences between procedures and functions.

a little confusing ..in differences between procedures and functions..
1. Can a function return only single value?? cant we return multiple values?
2. Can we use 'out' parameter and 'return' clause at a time in the same function
thank you

Hi,
newbie wrote:
a little confusing ..in differences between procedures and functions..
1. Can a function return only single value?? cant we return multiple values?Yes, a function can only return a single value.
If the return type is some kind of collection or data structure, then that 1 collection or data structure can, of course, actually contain many sep[arate values.
If you want to return multiple values, use a PROCEDURE with multiple OUT arguments. (Functions can have OUT arguments, too, but avoid defining functions with OUT arguments. It can cause a lot of confusion.)
2. Can we use 'out' parameter and 'return' clause at a time in the same functionSure, but don't take my word for it. Try it and see.

What is the difference between subroutine and function module?

What is the difference between subroutine and function module?

Hi,
they can both return values.
FMs are mainly used when a routine is to be performed by many programs.
Subroutines (forms) are generally only executed within one program.
You can perform routines from other programs, but it's not often done.
both forms and FMs are reusable modularization units.
To distinguish we generally say that forms are used for internal modularization and
FMs are used for external modularization.
To decide on which to implement, consider whether you need the content to be used just for a limited program
or wheteher it can be called from many independent programs.
For the first purpose it is better to implement a form whereas for the second we implement an FM.
However, ABAP does not isolate the usage context.
That is; you can call a form from another program within whose code the form is not actually implemented.
However, this requires attention since the form may utilize global variables.
The same issue holds for FMs.
FMs are encapsulated in function groups and function groups may have global variables that can be globally
used by all FMs inside it.
Thanks,
Reward If Helpful.

Please give the diagrams to explain the difference between MVC1 and MVC2

Please give the functional diagrams to explain the difference between MVC1 and MVC2

there is no MVC1 or MVC2, only the MVC pattern. The implementation of the MVC is fairly open-ended and there are some variations that are not named as different "versions" because each variation still has the same pattern: there is a model, there are views and there are controllers. What you list as a "feature" of MVC2 in your other post:
http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jspa?threadID=719812&tstart=0
is merely the implementation of a front controller (becoming more popular nowadays) in stead of using multiple controllers. There is no change in pattern, only in implementation.

Can anybody give me the difference between Catt and Ecatt

Hi gurus,
Can any body give me the difference between catt and ecatt.

Hi,
I think this is new technology in sap.
I know little bit of this can u go through this.
eCATT (extended Computer Aided Test Tool)
What is eCATT?
eCATT is an SAP Testing Tool used to automate & test business scenarios in R/3. Each test generates a detailed log that documents the test process and results. If the testing is smooth without any errors, this means that the business scenarios mapped in R/3 are correct. If the test results in error then the problem can be analyzed using the error log that is generated.
eCATT enables automatic testing in SAP GUI for Windows and SAP GUI for Java.
Features of eCATT:
Following functions can be performed using eCATT:
Test transactions, reports and scenarios.
Call BAPIs and function modules.
Test remote systems.
Check authorizations (user profiles).
Test updates (database, applications, GUI).
Set up customizing tables.
Test the effect of changes to customizing settings.
Perform load testing.
Check system messages.
Integrated with Test Workbench, so allows proper management of scripts using SCAT transaction.
Supports CATT migration to eCATT.
All eCATT Objects are Repository Objects. Therefore one can take advantage of Standard SAP Transport Tools.
eCATT Objects can easily download & upload in XML with XSD format.
There can be several versions of Test Scripts, which allows different implementations with different releases.
The separation of Test Scripts, Test Data & System Data allows for a considerable degree of reuse.
Why eCATT?
CATT is no longer supported by SAP for the creation of new developments. Hence all the test scripts developed in CATT are now need to migrate/Update to eCATT. Comparative to manual testing, the following are advantages of using eCATT:
Due to automation, testing time is reduced to a large extent.
Due to automation, less manpower is required for testing. This helps financially.
Due to automation, manual errors are reduced to large extent. Hence results in error free testing. This helps, as no further problems will occur while the usage of R/3 system by end users and hence increases the efficiency.
Proved to be extremely useful in implementation projects.
In regression testing, automated test scripts are an ideal method of quickly detecting errors. Automatic test logs make it easy to reproduce test results, enabling fast analysis and planning of further activities, leading to cost savings for the customer.
Differences between CATT and eCATT?
Till date, CATT could only be used with the R/3 system. eCATT (which is available with SAP Web Application Server 6.20) covers the automatic testing in SAPGUI for Windows and SAP GUI for Java. For other GUIs and Applications, eCATT provides an interface for external tools. This allows companies to perform automated tests from an SAP system in a complete IT solution landscape across system boundaries. These new options enable complete automation of solution landscapes under standard Windows and Web-based user interfaces- resulting in low-cost operation of an IT Solution.
eCATT (extended Computer Aided Test Tool)
eCATT requisites
Web Application Server (WAS) 6.20 or more.
SAPGUI 6.20 or more.
R/3 4.6C or more. (Target system must have sufficient support package level (Details available in SAP Note 519858) or SAP R/3 Enterprise Release 4.7).
Before creating Test Scripts using eCATT, some system settings need to be done:
Maintain table T000.
1.      Go to transaction SM31
2.      Enter T000 and chose MAINTAIN.
3.      In the Change View Clients: Overview screen, select the relevant client and choose Details
4.      In the CATT and eCATT Restrictions field, select CATT and eCATT allowed.
5.      Click on SAVE.
Enabling scripting at the Front-end
1.      On any SAP GUI screen, choose Customizing of Local Layout.
2.      Choose Options
3.      Choose Scripting Tab
4.      Select Enable Scripting
5.      Click Apply and then OK.
Enabling Scripting on the Application Server
1.      Go to transaction RZ11.
2.      On the Maintain Profile Parameters screen, enter sapgui/user_scripting.
3.       Choose Display.
4.      If the Current Value is not set to TRUE, then click on Change Value:
5.      Enter TRUE in the New Value.
6.      Click on SAVE.
eCATT is an SAP Testing Tool used to automate & test business scenarios in R/3. Each test generates a detailed log that documents the test process and results. If the testing is smooth without any errors, this means that the business scenarios mapped in R/3 are correct. If the test results in error then the problem can be analyzed using the error log that is generated.
eCATT enables automatic testing in SAP GUI for Windows and SAP GUI for Java.
Features of eCATT:
Following functions can be performed using eCATT:
Test transactions, reports and scenarios.
Call BAPIs and function modules.
Test remote systems.
Check authorizations (user profiles).
Test updates (database, applications, GUI).
Set up customizing tables.
Test the effect of changes to customizing settings.
Perform load testing.
Check system messages.
Integrated with Test Workbench, so allows proper management of scripts using SCAT transaction.
Supports CATT migration to eCATT.
All eCATT Objects are Repository Objects. Therefore one can take advantage of Standard SAP Transport Tools.
eCATT Objects can easily download & upload in XML with XSD format.
There can be several versions of Test Scripts, which allows different implementations with different releases.
The separation of Test Scripts, Test Data & System Data allows for a considerable degree of reuse.
Why eCATT?
CATT is no longer supported by SAP for the creation of new developments. Hence all the test scripts developed in CATT are now need to migrate/Update to eCATT. Comparative to manual testing, the following are advantages of using eCATT:
Due to automation, testing time is reduced to a large extent.
Due to automation, less manpower is required for testing. This helps financially.
Due to automation, manual errors are reduced to large extent. Hence results in error free testing. This helps, as no further problems will occur while the usage of R/3 system by end users and hence increases the efficiency.
Proved to be extremely useful in implementation projects.
In regression testing, automated test scripts are an ideal method of quickly detecting errors. Automatic test logs make it easy to reproduce test results, enabling fast analysis and planning of further activities, leading to cost savings for the customer.
Reward points if it is helpful.
Rgds,
P.Nag

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What is the Differences between Caingorm2 and Parsley(Caingorm3) ? Very Urgent ...plz help me out..

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and also please
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Difference between AET and EEWB
What is the use of AET? What are the differences between AET and EEWB?
Difference between EEWB - UI Configuration Tool - AET
http://senthilsapcrm.wordpress.com/2010/02/04/adding-custom-fields-in-sap-crm-7-0-using-aet/
What is the main difference between eewb and aet tool ?
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What are views in DDIC and plz mention the difference between them

hi,
What are views in DDIC and plz mention the difference between the different type of views..
1) maintainence view
2)database view
3)Projection view
4)help view
P.S : Good answers will be rewarded with points.

Hi,
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Database views are implement an inner join, that is, only records of the primary table (selected via the join operation) for which the corresponding records of the secondary tables also exist are fetched. Inconsistencies between primary and secondary table could, therefore, lead to a reduced selection set.
In database views, the join conditions can be formulated using equality relationships between any base fields. In the other types of view, they must be taken from existing foreign keys. That is, tables can only be collected in a maintenance or help view if they are linked to one another via foreign keys.
- Help View    ( SE54)
Help views are used to output additional information when the online help system is called.
When the F4 button is pressed for a screen field, a check is first made on whether a matchcode is defined for this field. If this is not the case, the help view is displayed in which the check table of the field is the primary table. Thus, for each table no more than one help view can be created, that is, a table can only be primary table in at most one help view.
- Projection View
Projection views are used to suppress or mask certain fields in a table (projection), thus minimizing the number of interfaces. This means that only the data that is actually required is exchanged when the database is accessed.
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What's the difference between BRM predef functions isSet and nilled

Hello again experts,
Just a little question:
What's the difference between BRM predef functions - isSet() versus nilled() ?
Thanks in advanced

Hi There,
Check out [this|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nwce72/helpdata/en/e6/9a62d540184161aaa08af5dea3e2ee/frameset.htm]. You will find the details of SAP provided difference between the two in this document.
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What's the difference between SNC and SRM?

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i've heard SNC suit Direct procurement better than SRM...
Pls give me the advice and information.
good regards kenji

Hi Kenji,
SRM is more of Supplier Identification and SNC work of building
relationship with Supplier starts after this Supplier identification.
SNC is very Good tool to handover Inventory replenishemnt
to Suppliers and it gives Visibility of inventory information over Web UI.
SNC has many processes like PO Collaboration, SMI, DR,DCM, SNI,
Invoice Collaboration,Release process...to accomplish above mentioned task.
SNC is designed for direct materials procurement.
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What is the difference between ABAP and HR-ABAP?

Hi people,
Could u just tel me abt what is the difference between ABAP and HR-ABAP?
Thanks in advance,
Sanjeev K.V

Hi Sir ,
Please have a look below .Hope it is suitable and simpler solution for your question.
Please do reward if useful.
Thankx.
HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
storing of records data in each type of area is different
LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
Also,
HR:
HR deals with the INFOTYPES which are similar to Tables in General ABAP.
There are different ways of fetching data from these infotypes.
There are different areas in HR LIKE Personal Admn, Orgn Management, Benefits, Time amangement, Event Management, Payroll etc
Infotypes for these areas are different from one another area.
storing of records data in each type of area is different
LDBS like PNP are used in HR programing.
Instead of Select.. we use some ROUTINES and PROVIDE..ENDPROVIDE.. etc
and in the case of Pay roll we use Clusters and we Import and Export them for data fetching.
On the whole Normal ABAP is different from HR abap.
For Personal Admn the Infotypes start with PA0000 to PA1999
Time Related Infotypes start with PA2000 to PA2999.
Orgn related Infotypes start with HRP1000 to HRP1999.
All custom developed infotypes stsrat with PA9000 onwards.
In payroll processing we use Clusters like PCL1,2,3 and 4.
Instead of Select query we use PROVIDE and ENDPROVIDE..
You have to assign a Logical Database in the attributes PNP.
Go through the SAp doc for HR programming and start doing.
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
See:
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_46c/helpdata/en/4f/d5268a575e11d189270000e8322f96/content.htm
sites regarding hr-abap:
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/hr/hrhome.htm
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPA/PAPA.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PAPD/PAPD.pdf
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PYINT/PYINT_BASICS.pdf
http://www.atomhr.com/training/Technical_Topics_in_HR.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
You can see some Standard Program examples in this one ...
http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/programs/programshr.htm
http://searchsap.techtarget.com/originalContent/0,289142,sid21_gci1030179,00.html?Offer=SAlgwn12604#Certification
http://www.erpgenie.com/faq/hr.htm.
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/FUNCTIONAL/HR_tutorial.html
These are the FAQ's that might helps you as well.
http://www.sap-img.com/human/hr-faq.htm
http://www.sapgenie.com/faq/hr.htm
http://www.planetsap.com/hr_abap_main_page.htm
http://www.atomhr.com/library_full.htm
HR Long texts Upload
Look at the below link
And finally,
Few notes are below:
InfoSets in the HR Application
You can use SAP Query in HR to report on HR data. Queries are maintained as described in Creating Queries. The special features of queries created for HR are described in Maintaining Queries in the Human Resources Application. The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the described procedure inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes.
InfoSet management in SAP Query is also used for InfoSet Query. For further information, see Functions for Managing InfoSets.
If you want to create InfoSets for HR, you can use logical databases PNP, PNPCE, PAP, and PCH (see HR Logical Databases). The database you must use to create your InfoSet depends on the component in which the data you want to report on is stored.
The reports you can execute using InfoSets based on logical databases PNP (or PNPCE) or PCH are similar, but differ in that they can select different objects. The following table describes the connection between the logical database, and the infotypes you can include in an InfoSet. It also provides you with one or two examples of reports that you can execute using the appropriate InfoSets.
Logical database PNP/PNPCE* PCH PAP
Selection of Persons Objects from Personnel Planning Applicants
Infotypes that can be included in the InfoSet Infotypes for· Personnel Administration (0000-0999) · Time Management (2000-2999) · Payroll infotypes · Infotypes for Personnel Planning objects that can be related to persons If the object type is specified:· Infotypes for the object type · Infotypes for objects that can be related to the specified object typeIf the object type is not specified:· All infotypes · Infotypes for Recruitment (4000-4999)· Some infotypes for Personnel Administration (such as 0001 and 0002)
· Customer infotypes
Reporting examples · Selection of all persons who participated in a specific business event, output of prices for reserved business events · Selection of all persons assigned to a specific personnel area, output of qualifications held by these persons · Selection of all business events held in London in March, output of all persons who participated in these business events · Selection of all positions assigned to a specific organizational unit, output of all persons assigned to the positions · Selection of all applicants hired last year to work on special projects, output of addresses for the applicants selected
Logical database PNPCE (PNP Concurrent Employment) functions just like logical database PNP. The procedure for creating InfoSets is also the same. It only becomes significant if you work with Concurrent Employment.
Creating InfoSets
The maintenance procedure for HR InfoSets differs from the procedure described so far in this section inasmuch as HR data fields are grouped together in infotypes. To set up an InfoSet for the HR application, proceed as follows:
1. On the initial screen for maintaining InfoSets, enter a name for the InfoSet and choose Create.
2. On the next screen, enter a name for the InfoSet and select one of the HR logical databases in accordance with your reporting requirements.
Customer infotypes can be created on all HR logical databases. In each individual case, therefore, you must decide which database to select so that you can report on customer infotypes.
This screen enables you to enter an authorization group. All of the queries that are subsequently created using this InfoSet can only be executed by persons who have this authorization group.
3. Choose .
This takes you to the Infotype Selection for InfoSet screen. You now have the option of creating field groups and assigning fields as required for non-HR InfoSets. Field groups that correspond to infotypes and already contain fields, however, are always created for HR InfoSets. The field groups are displayed in an overview tree in the top right section of the screen.
The infotypes that you included in the InfoSet are displayed in an overview tree on the left of the screen. The infotype fields that are already included in field groups are displayed in a different color, and the corresponding field group ID is displayed.
In the standard system, a field group is created automatically for each infotype that you included in the InfoSet (a field group corresponds to an infotype).
In the standard system, each field group contains the infotype-specific fields. To ensure that working with the InfoSet is as easy as possible, you are advised to restrict your use of fields in each field group to those you really require. This means you should remove fields that are not required.
An infotype's fields must only be assigned to the pertinent field group. Make sure this assignment is correct. If the assignment is incorrect, the InfoSet could be rendered unusable.
When an InfoSet is created, the following fields are transferred automatically to the first field group:
§ Logical database PNPCE or PNP Personnel number
§ Logical database PAP Applicant number
§ Logical database PCH Object ID, plan version, and object type
6. Determine the fields that must be included in the field groups of your InfoSet. If you require further information, see Assigning Fields to a Field Group.
If you want, you can change the default sequence of field groups and fields as required using Drag&Drop.
7. To save the InfoSet, choose .
8. To generate the InfoSet, choose .
On the Change InfoSet (InfoSet name) screen, you can choose Edit ® Change infotype selection to add more infotypes to the InfoSet, or to remove infotypes from the InfoSet. Remember to regenerate the InfoSet afterwards.
This screen also enables you to update InfoSets if, for example, the system contains new additional fields for specific key values. To do so, choose InfoSet ® Additional functions ® Update additional HR fields.
9. Go back to the initial screen for InfoSet maintenance.
10. Choose User group assignment.
11. Select a user group, and save your entry.
sample code
START-OF-SELECTION.
GET pernr.
rp_provide_from_frst p0000 space pn-begda pn-endda.
if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
READ TABLE p0001 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
if sy-subrc = 0.
write : p0001-plans. " earliest.
endif.
endif.
rp_provide_from_last p0014 space pn-begda pn-endda.
if pnp-sw-found EQ '1'.
READ TABLE p0014 WITH KEY pernr = p0000-pernr.
if sy-subrc = 0.
write : p0014-LGART. .
endif.
endif.

What is the difference between Aggregation and Composition with example

plz help me to find the difference between Aggregation and Composition with example

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What is the difference between UPLOAD and WS_UPLOAD?
Best Regards,
Gopal

Hi,
Both upload and ws_upload does the same functionality, that is transfere data from presentation server to application server or from PC to SAP system(to an internal table).
There are very few difference between the two.
1 Upload requires a User Interaction for uploading i.e., user has to respond to the dialog boxes that appear WS_Upload does not. You just need to specify the file location in the function input parameters itself.
2 upload - u can give the file in run time wsupload - u have to give in Function module
3 upload is meant to be used by abappers. ws_upload is meant to be called by SAP. It is not a standard ABAP command.
4 ws_upload is Obsolete : No longer supported by SAP. Use GUI_UPLOAD instead.
The fm WS_UPLOAD was the first version of fm to get a file from presentation server, now from 4.6 it's obsolete, the new fm is GUI_UPLOAD.
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Last but not the least, 'upload' internally calls 'ws_upload', that's the difference.
Hope this would be helpful.
regards,
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Plz give the difference between procedure and function atleast 10 differenc

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