Powerbook S/N decoder

I found links to an old Mac S/N decoder http://macfaq.org/serial.html and the one by Chipmunk Int'l...these do not seem to work for PBG3 models, also tried the Apple registration page and these models are missing from the database. From what I can tell the last 3 digits indicate the specific model number. Anyone know of a database for the Powerbook G3 S/N? One I am trying to find is DY2.
There is also something called an EEE code, can anyone explain that to me?
This information would be useful when buying used machines, to see how "original" the machine is.

You are going to have to contact Adobe about this, not other users in a user-to-user forum
Adobe contact information - http://helpx.adobe.com/contact.html
or, maybe
Chat Now button near the bottom for Activation and Deactivation
http://helpx.adobe.com/x-productkb/policy-pricing/activation-deactivation-products.html

Similar Messages

Help! Is non working DVD a replaceable decoder chip problem?

Can anyone tell me why,
My 400Mhz G3 Pismo Powerbook from the M7572 series shows no DVD decoder chip hardware in the profiler, even though it shows the drive and says that it has a video DVD on the bottomside of the case?
When I install a DVD disc into the drive, the disk spins and the movie title disk shows up on the desktop, but won't play. There appears to be no DVD Player software installed either (except in OS 9).
To no avail, I tried playing a DVD in OS 9, because my OS 10.3 wasn't playing DVD's. CD's play just fine on both OS formats, but not DVD's. I've tried 2 different DVD drives only to receive the same results on both.
I think it is the decoder chip, because OS 9 says there is no DVD hardware, even though it shows the drive. Is there something that I need to purchase to replace/repair the DVD decoder chip?
If so, what part would it be? Or should I try to reinstall all OS software, both 9 (to original factory specs) and then 10?
Any clarity would be greatly appreciated.
A Little Fish in the BigMac Pond

Little Fish,
Let's start with your most important issue at the moment...the Type 127 error. Please be specific if it has a minus in front, like (-127). There are a few different 127 errors and here they are:
1. The -127 error is a problem with the directory structures of the hard
drive; this is the probable reason you cannot move it to the trash...the HD directory cannot properly handle it. Boot to your System Install CD > find the Utility's folder > run Disk First Aid > Repair. If it finds a problem it cannot fix, run Disk First Aid a couple of times.
This article describes using the Mac OS or System Install CD vs. the System Restore CDs.
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=31204
2. There is also a -127 Menu Manager Error that can be caused by a corrupted Apple Menu Options Prefs file, or by other software that modifies the way menus work.
3. There is also a 127 error (no negative sign) and is related to the LaserWriter 8 printer driver. It usually pops up when a call is made to the driver and no printer has been specified in the Chooser. If you do not use this driver - simply disable it with extensions manager (or move it manually).
I would try the Disk First Aid first if it is a -127 (I would run Disk First Aid regardless) and see what you get. The bottom line is this: If a -127 directory error the DFA cannot repair, you need a robust utility like DiskWarrior for repairs, or reinitialize the HD and install a new OS 9.0.4. The HD has to be initialized...you cannot just install a new OS on top of what you already have.
I am sending this reply now in case you are waiting for me to respond, and will follow shortly with some other options.

I have a DVD-Rom and DVD-Video card for Powerbook and need advice

I acquired 2 accessory components for a G3 series powerbook. I have a dual G4 so have no use for them. There is a M4743 DVD-Rom for Powerbook and a DVD-Video PC card for G3 series Powerbook family M5163. There is also a software CD. I would like to sell them but I really don’t how to explain what this stuff does. I tried Ebay and did not find any matches. Does this make a DVD upgrade for a particular Powerbook? Is something else required? Is Ebay the best place to sell? Any idea what this stuff is worth? Any advice would be greatly appreciated
Bob

Robert,
You apparently have the DVD Video Player Kit for the Powerbook G3 Series "Wallstreet" M4753.
This is the DVD-ROM module:
http://www.powerbookmedic.com/xcart1/customer/product.php?productid=16219&cat=26 6&page=1
This is the DVD Decoder PC card:
http://www.ifixit.com/cart/customer/product.php?productid=296&cat=&page=1
The above DVD PC card is not Apple's but there were two third-party vendors who also offered a DVD kit...VST and MCE. They all served the same purpose and will all be priced similarly.
Both PC card and optical drive are required to play DVD movies on the Wallstreet, plus Apple DVD Player is only supported when booted to 9.x, not 10.x.
I really cannot give you a fair price to ask; the above hardware prices are probably high but you will get an idea.

Is this video too much for my G4 Powerbook?

Hi,
I have downloaded a video from Vimeo and it won't play. At best it gets very choppy, even the audio, to the point where it just stalls.
I have a G4 powerbook, 15"
1.6GHz
2GB RAM
250GB hardrive (165GB free)
OSX 10.5.6
Quicktime Pro 7.6
The video is;
H.264 Decoder
1280x720
Millions
AAC
Data size 52.99MB
Data rate 6233.57kbits/s
Is this too much for my good old Mac?

Thanks Kirk, what a shame. I'd love a new Macbook Pro but I always said I would use my G4 till it fell to pieces, never thinking it would fail me in such a unremarkable way.
Might have to wait till the end of the summer though.....
Would you mind educating me somewhat. I wasn't sure from the details given in the Quicktime movie inspector whether the video was HD or not. The creator of the video shot it on a Canon Rebel XT SLR camera, in burst mode. That itself made me doubt it was HD, but Vimeo deals in HD footage so I just didn't know.
How did you deduce it to be HD, and what should I be looking for? How much data could my G4 handle?
Thanks again Kirk!

Lower PC Card slot on 1999 PowerBook (Wall Street)

I have added a USB port via a dedicated PC card. If I insert it in the upper slot it works fine (e.g. I can print), but if I insert it in the lower slot it doesn't (e.g. I can't print). But if I eject the USB PC Card from the lower slot with the computer running, the Finder crashes, as if the lower slot was kind of inoperable, but kind of detected anyway...
Any diagnosis tips? Is it just a setting somewhere?
Thanks!
Carlos Sanchez
1999 PowerBook (Wall Street) Mac OS 9.1.x

Carlos,
Both slots on the Wallstreet should work with any PC card with one exception. The lower slot also has Zoomed Video support and that is where the DVD Decoder PC card is used if playing DVDs.
If the upper slot works properly but not the lower, odds are there is a hardware problem with PCMCIA/CardBus cage; this is the mechanism into which you insert the PC card.
If this Wallstreet was bought used, it probably came to you with this problem. The lower slot may have been heavily used by the previous owner or it just failed with normal use as mechanical devices sometimes do.
When you insert the card in the lower slot, does the PC card icon appear on the desktop?
Are you using a combo PC card (both FireWire and USB) or just USB?
I will mention this anyway, but I am sure you are aware...'processor cycling' must be disabled in the Energy Saver > Advanced Settings for both Battery and Power Adapter when using a USB PC card, otherwise the 'book will freeze.
Please do not cross-post...

Powerbook 520c Screen problem.

Hi, I am turning an old Powerbook 520c into a digital picture frame.
The screen has a problem where the bottom half is still visible, but covered in verticle RGB lines. They go BGR, BGR, BGR, BGR, etc.
Heres a picture: http://conorkirkpatrick.com/images/macos8.JPG
I have another fully working PB520c that I can scrap for parts.
Another question: What was the earliest version of Mac OS that came with Speakable items and will this computer run it? A voice activated picture frame sounds cool :P

you can download system 7.5.3 from Apple. It comes in 17 parts, so do I need 17 floppies?
The North American English download (link above) consists of nineteen files. The same is true for the British English version (here). Twenty files for the International English version (here).
French and German versions come as seventeen files. However, speech recognition is probably limited to English. In dubio, try the North American English system software first.
Each downloadable file is small enough to (just) fit onto a 1.44 MB diskette. Please note that you are supposed to transfer the files to the hard disk of the PowerBook 520c. You could use separate floppies, or erase one disk over and over again.
Some reports seem to indicate that less space than normal could be available on disks originating from USB floppy drives connected to Mac OS X computers. If this is a real problem, you could alternatively use a PC for the download (and PC-formatted floppies for the transfers). In this case it is important not to decode the MacBinary (.bin) until on the PB 520c.
Use StuffIt Expander to decode the .bin (on the PB 520c). Place ALL the decoded files (one .smi and eighteen .part for the North American English download) in one common folder. Please note that the hard disk has to be formatted HFS (Standard) for System 7.5.3, not HFS+ (Extended).
It is wise to have a startup floppy (the Network Access Disk 7.5 here). You can create this disk in Disk Copy 4.2 (the Make A Copy button) on the PB 520c before installing a new system.
Start from the Network Access floppy. Double-click on the first (.smi) file to mount the total disk image. The installer will be found in the mounted image. See steps 7 and 8 in this document for information about how to perform a clean installation (it is not necessary to update to 7.5.5). Neither Disk Copy nor any other disk image utility is used with the System 7.5.3 files.
Jan

Will system 7.1 run on Powerbook 520c?

I am thinking about buying a used working powerbook 520c which uses system 7.1.1. I have disks for 7.1 and need to know if those will work on the powerbook since 7.1.1 can't be downloaded from apple. I do not have an external cd-rom to install 7.5 on the computer.

With the downloadable System 7.5.3 (see Niel's link above) installed on the PowerBook 520c, you ought to be able to use most of the files and software from a System 7.1 LC III.
It is not that difficult to carry out a System 7.5.3 installation. If the PB 520c contains at least an essentially functioning operating system already (7.1.1), it is more or less a matter of transferring (and decoding) the nineteen downloaded 7.5.3 files. This transfer can be done on 1.44 MB floppies, providing that you have access to an external USB floppy drive with a modern Mac. A PC with a floppy drive can handle Mac-formatted 1.44 MB disks, if a special utility (such as TransMac) is used. In order to read PC-formatted 1.44 MB floppy disks, the PB 520c's operating system would require an installed and active PC Exchange control panel (earlier 7.1 versions used the separate Apple File Exchange program from the Tidbits system disk).
There are other transfer possibilities. For example, the PB 520c has built-in Ethernet (an external AAUI to RJ-45 transceiver required), but TCP/IP software (standard with 7.5.3 but not 7.1.1) would be needed when used in connection with modern computers. Another example could be a CompactFlash card in a PC Card adapter for CF, but only if the PowerBook has the (optional) PCMCIA Expansion Module.
If the PB 520c has an empty hard disk, you would need another older Mac with a floppy drive (and Disk Copy 4.2 or 6.3.3) to create a bootable floppy to begin with. The Network Access disk (here) can be used for startup purposes.
Jan

DVD Decoder Card and OS X

I have a CardBus MPEG 2 Decoder card from MCE but am discovering to my profound disappointment that Apple did not provide support to the card under OS X.
Why did Apple chose not to continue support for this peripheral?
Is there some way that I can get it to work under OS X? (The card works great in OS 9)
Thanks,
PowerBook G3 333 MHz (M5343), 512 MB RAM, 30 GB HD, Pioneer DVR-K05PD SuperDrive Mac OS X (10.3.9)

Daffy,
I have never read or heard of any such software to enable Apple DVD Player on the Lombard or Wallstreet running OSX.

Using DVD drives for Wallsteet Powerbooks

I recently bought a used PowerBook G3 Wallstreet. Was interested in eventually obtaining a Combo CD-RW and DVD drive.
1. are these kind of drives available for a Wallstreet PowerBook G3 and how much do they run?
2. How easy are they to install?
3. I heard that a DVD decoder card is required to play DVD's where can I find one

Michael,
Unfortunately, the Wallstreet has a non-standard connector in its optical drive media bay caddy; this is unlike the Lombard and newer powerbooks that use an industry-standard connector. As such, you are limited to:
- the DVD-ROM drive that Apple shipped in Wallstreets that had the optional DVD Player Kit;
- both VST and MCE several years ago offered a media bay CD-RW specifically for the Wallstreet; the VST unit was non-bootable;
- VST offered a DVD player kit that included a DVD-ROM plus the DVD Decoder PC card;
- any DVD-ROM drive for the Wallstreet plus the DVD Decoder PC card will allow playing of DVDs but only in 9.x...10.x is unsupported on the Wallstreet and Lombard;
- you can in fact buy a new decoder card for $20 from MCE (originally $100):
http://store.mcetech.com/Merchant2/merchant.mvc?Screen=PROD&ProductCode=DVDMPG2&CategoryCode=
The DVD-ROM and CD-RW media bay drives are getting long in the tooth so it may be difficult to find good units.
You do have options for burners, however. Buy an inexpensive FireWire PC card plus an inexpensive FireWire DVD-R burner and it will be a superior combination versus the media bay burners.

"DVD DECODER NOT PRESENT" in Lombard 400mhz G3?

I recently bought a Lombard 400mhz G3 Powerbook online which plays DVD'S fine in OS9. However my freind as since bought the same model - 400mhz 1mb cache DVD Rom etc but his won't play DVD'S in OS9 at all. The system profiler says "DVD DECODER NOT PRESENT", how can this be and what is the likley problem?
Thanks.

Mark,
Your mentioning the PRAM reset was interesting...I vaguely recall this issue a long time ago with the same results.
Are you sure the PRAM reset was successful? One way to tell is to turn AppleTalk 'off', then reset PRAM (allow 2-3 chimes); the default setting is 'on' after a reset. there are other items stored in PRAM also:
http://docs.info.apple.com/article.html?artnum=2238
You might also boot to a compatible MacOS System CD and check the System Profiler that is in the booting System Folder just to make sure some oddball software issue on the HD is not causing a problem.
I hope I have not lead you astray. If the decoder was on the logic board and died, I hope it will not interfere with the operation of the PC card. I just don't have an answer to this because I have never run across it. I can only hope this is successful...

Why is my Powerbook so slow

Hello.
I know my powerbook is old. But it is so slow. I can not run anything at a normal speed. For exmaple, i was watching a podcast on itunes and had firefox open and the podcast's audio went out of sync. Is there anyway to see what is slowing it down.. annd is there anyway to speed it up?
I have another computer that i do everything on. I just use this for the internet, itunes, and some photoshop work when i am not home.
here are some of the stats of the computer.
Powerbook g4
processor 1.25 GHz PowerPc G4
memory 1.25. GB DDR SDRAM
32 GB available
Mac OS X 10.5.2

It's hard to say. Your specs seem fine.
You should open Activity Monitor and when the machine seems slow, sort the Activity Monitor list by CPU% and determine which programs are using the most CPU. For example, if Firefox is open and a podcast in iTunes slows down, is there a Flash animation on the Firefox web page, because Flash can really strain a G4. You'll have to do this kind of detective work to see if any programs are using an unusual amount of CPU.
I also have Leopard on a G4. Some video podcasts play great, others play very slow and jerky. The difference? The slow podcasts were encoded with a different compressor that is harder for the G4 to decode, and I don't have any control over that on my end. If I want those particular podcasts to play back smoothly, I have to play them back on my newer, faster Mac.

How To Install A OS On A Powerbook 5300

Hi I Need Some Help I Want To Install A OS On My Old Powerbook 5300 (Not Colour) I Have System 7.5 But That Wont Fit On A Floppy Disk And The Older System 7 That Does Fit Will Not Install On It. As It Does Not Have A CD Or USB Ports I Cant See A Way Of Installing A OS On It.
Can Anyone Help Me?
Thanks

Hello,
a) The Powerbook Does Not Have A OS At The Moment.
Would it then be correct to assume that the startup sound is heard, followed by a flashing disk icon with a question-mark? To rule out anything else, you could try to reset the
Power Manager and the PRAM to begin with.
b) Im Not Sure About The Bootable Floppy But Im Assuming I Don't Have One.
Let us concentrate on getting a bootable disk first. If you had access to another semi-old Macintosh computer with a built-in floppy drive, this would have been easy. A floppy made from the Disk Tools PPC download here (disregard the other files) will boot the PB 5300. With an older Mac, and System 7.5 or higher, one would use Disk Copy 6.3.3 (the Make a Floppy command in the Utilities menu) to create a sector-copied floppy disk from the disk image. Do you have an external USB floppy drive? I do not know whether a Mac OS X disk utility is capable of producing an appropriate floppy. Could you somehow run Disk Copy 6.3.3 (under Classic, or on a machine with Mac OS 8.6 to 9.x)?
c) I Download Through This iMac Intel Running OSX Leopard And My Old G3 iMac Running Panther
See above regarding the floppy drive.
d) I Have A Version Of Stuffit Expander But Its 11
That should be fine for decoding on a modern Mac. Sometimes, one would prefer to keep the .bin as it is even when downloading on a Mac OS X computer, and carry out the decoding in StuffIt Expander on the target machine (the PB 5300 here). Once a bootable floppy has been made, we will find a way to handle this ( StuffIt Expander 5.5 can be found at ftp://ftp.allume.com/pub/archive/mac/StuffIt_Expander ).
Jan

Need help with powerbook 5300

I have a powerbook 5300cs with just a floppy drive in it. The guy i got it from deleted everything off it but the os. It has mac os 7.5 rev 3 on it. How can i put diskcopy back on it. I have no cd drive for it or internet for it too. Is there a program for windows that will make mac floppy disk from bin or sea files? I am lost when it come to mac since i haven't played with them that much. Like i said the guy took everything off but the os. There no diskcopy or first aid etc. Thanks for the help.

Hi,
You can use the floppy drive for transfers of smaller files. The existing operating system should have a PC Exchange control panel in the Control Panels folder. This means that PC-formatted floppies can be used directly. Just keep the files downloaded on a PC unaltered; that is, do not try to decode or decompress anything until on the Mac. Once on the Mac, decode MacBinary (.bin) and BinHex (.hqx) files by dragging them onto (or opening them from within) StuffIt Expander.
If no appropriate version of StuffIt Expander for Macintosh is available, try this: Use a PC to download the MACDISK.EXE file here. Prepare an empty PC-formatted 1.44 MB diskette via FORMAT A: in DOS or the full formatting option under Windows. Launch the MACDISK.EXE program on the PC. Follow the on-screen directions. The result will be a Mac-formatted disk with a ready-to-use StuffIt Expander 4.0.1 installer.
You will find two versions of Disk Copy here. Disk First Aid 7.2.2 can be found here.
A bootable floppy is always good to have at hand. The Disk Tools PPC (here) is OK for this purpose. Launch Disk Copy 6.3.3, and use the Make a Floppy command in the Utilities menu.
If necessary, look for a fresh (US) System 7.5.3 here. No need for any Disk Copy programs in this case.
Also, please note that you can use a standard CompactFlash memory card in a PC Card adapter for CF (such as this example). If you have a USB card reader attached to a modern computer, this is an easy and fast way of transferring files.
Jan

PowerBook 5300cs OS install

Please, help me. I'm new to Mac and I don't know how to install an OS (7.5.3 and an update 7.5.5) on my Mac. I don't have a CD reader so it has to be that OS until I buy or borrow a CD reader. When I turn it on, I hear a music out of a built-in speaker(I think it's like an introduction) and than on screen it shows an icon of a diskette and a question mark. I inserted a Network Access diskette, but it says that it needs a different version (or something like that) and a restart button. Maybe it'll help if I tell you that it has a QWERTZ keyboard? Please help me as soon as you can because I don't have money to buy a newer system than this (I payed it 15 euros).
Thank you in forward and I hope you can help.
Stevan

Hi Stevan,
The music from the built-in speaker is the startup sound. The question-mark indicates that the computer cannot locate a valid system folder.
First of all, you need a startup floppy (the Network Access disk is plain System 7.5 and will not,as you have discovered already, work in the PowerBook 5300cs). You can use the Disk Tools PPC here instead. However, there is one difficulty involved. The downloaded .bin file must be kept intact until on a Mac, where it is to be decoded by StuffIt Expander. The contained disk image (.img) is used to create a sector-copied bootable floppy. Disk Copy 6.3.3 here will be needed. Use the Make a Floppy command in the Utilities menu of Disk Copy 6.3.3. All this has to be done on another Mac with a floppy drive.
Once you have a working startup floppy, boot the PB 5300cs from it. Then launch Drive Setup. Check Zero all data under Initialization Options in the Functions menu, and choose to initialise the hard disk (this will erase anything/everything on the hard disk). When ready, it is possible to drag-copy the system folder of the tools floppy to the hard disk; that will provide you with a temporary system and free the floppy drive for subsequent file transfers.
You have obviously found the System 7.5.3 download at the Apple site. This is seventeen to twenty .bin files, depending upon language version. Each .bin file is small enough to fit onto a 1.44 MB floppy. Since the temporary system on the 5300cs is not able to recognise PC floppies, use Macintosh-(re)formatted diskettes for this purpose. Move all .bin files to the 5300cs hard disk. Use StuffIt Expander on the 5300cs to decode the .bin (drag each .bin file onto the StuffIt Expander program icon). Place the decoded System 7.5.3 files (one .smi and the other .part) in a common folder. Double-click on the first (.smi) file to mount the self-mounting image (the installer will be found inside).
If you do not have a suitable StuffIt Expander for the PB 5300cs, try this: Use a PC(!) to download the MACDISK.EXE file here. Prepare an empty PC-formatted 1.44 MB diskette via FORMAT A: in DOS or the full formmatting option under Windows. Launch the MACDISK.EXE program on the PC. Follow the on-screen directions. The result will automatically be a Mac-formatted disk with a ready-to-use StuffIt Expander installer.
Jan

Powerbook 520 with no OS installed

i recently acquired a powerbook 520 and judging by the fact that when i try to boot it and i only reach a screen with a floppy disk and a flashing question mark, i assume there is no OS installed. it is my belief that one can download system 7 from the apple website to install on an old machine such as this, however could someone walk me through how i would create the floppys ? preferably i'd like to create them on my relatively old pc lappy which has an inbuilt floppy drive, however if this is not possible i can search for my long lost USB floppy drive and create them on my ibook g4.
thanks for your time.

Yes, you can download a free System 7.5.3 from Apple, e.g. the international English version here. The individual files are small enough to fit onto 1.4 MB Mac-formatted floppies. Once decoded (by StuffIt Expander for Macintosh, preferably on the PowerBook 520), the twenty segments constitute one single disk image. You place the segments (one .smi and nineteen .part) in a common folder on the hard disk. Double-clicking on the first segment (.smi) will mount the total image. The installer can be found in the thus mounted image.
Since the aforementioned system download does not contain a bootable floppy, the first obstacle will be to make such a disk. You could try doing this in your USB floppy drive connected to the iBook (running in Classic?). However, it is necessary to use a disk-image utility that can create a sector-copied floppy directly from a Disk Copy 4.2 disk image (e.g. via the Make A Copy button in Disk Copy 4.2 or the Make a Floppy command in the Utilities menu of Disk Copy 6.3.3). The Network Access Disk 7.5 here contains a suitable disk image.
If you use a PC, things will be more complicated. The following is only to give you an idea of what to do:
Download the freeware utility Aladdin Expander 2.0 (try a Google search for the exact file name).
A disk-image utility for PC will also be needed. For example, the shareware utility WinImage 6.10 (winima61.exe here).
Install the programs on the PC.
Prepare an empty PC-formatted 1.44 MB (HD) diskette through the FORMAT A: command in DOS (or via the "Full" formatting command under Windows).
Download the Network Access Disk 7.5 .bin file (NetworkAccess_Disk7.5.sea.bin). The Windows operating system may truncate the file name. Drag this downloaded file (as it is) onto the Aladdin Expander 2.0 icon (on the Desktop). Aladdin Expander will decode the file into an archive (document) called Network Access Disk 7.5, and automatically decompress the latter into a Network Access folder.
Inside the Network Access folder you will find a Read Me document and a file called Network Access.image.
Insert the empty PC-formatted diskette into the PC's floppy drive.
If WinImage is used, drag the Network Access.image onto the program icon. In the WinImage application window, select Write disk (from the Disk menu) or click on the Write disk icon. When the operation is completed, immediately eject and lock the diskette.
You should now have a startup floppy for the PowerBook 520.
The procedure is a variant of a method described in the 68000 FAQ (here). This is an exeception to a general rule. Normally, do not decode or decompress MacBinary (.bin) or BinHex (.hqx) files until on a Mac.
Start the PowerBook from the Network Access floppy. Check whether the hard disk is visible. If yes, it is probably wise to erase it (if not already done). Use Erase Disk from the Special menu for this.
It is possible to drag-copy the system folder from a Network Access floppy to an empty hard disk. This will provide you with a temporary system in order to free the floppy drive for subsequent file transfers.
A ready-to-use version of StuffIt Expander for Macintosh (4.0.1) can be obtained through a PC like this: Download MACDISK.EXE here. Prepare an empty PC-formatted 1.44 MB diskette via FORMAT A: under DOS or the "Full" formatting command under Windows (this is important). Launch the MACDISK.EXE program on the PC. Follow the on-screen directions. The result will be a floppy, complete with a StuffIt Expander installer, that you can immediately use in the PowerBook.
Jan

Powerbook S/N decoder

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