Question about EIGRP's feasible successor

Hi,
I read article "Who's Afraid of DUAL-3-SIA?" on http://www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/about/ac123/ac114/ac173/Q2-05/tech_routing.html
there is a sample to explain a new IOS feature.
But I have a question about that sample,
why Router C can't be Router A's feasible successor?
IF C is A's feasible successor, A can declare C as the alternate route as soon as receive B's query.
Am I misunderstanding the concept of feasible successor? can anybody give me some hint?
thank you all!
Regards,
sha

HI Sha,
There is no mention of any values for bandwidth and load in the topology in that link.
What I see that the link between router A to Router B is gigabit which means the bandwidth will be gbps. Now the link between Router A to Router C is only T1 which will be 1.54 MBPS. Much difference.
Now when Eigrp will calculate the metric the best metric will be from router C and that will become the best path. Now it will also check the reported distance from router C. If the reported distance from Router C will be more then the best metric which is been calculated from Router B it will never become feasible succ.
In short to become the feasilbe succ its reported dist should be less then the Feasible distance.
This link will give a better pic.
http://www.cisco.com/warp/customer/103/eigrp-toc.html#eigrpmetrics
HTH
Ankur

Similar Messages

EIGRP , successor and feasible successor

what happen in EIGRP if a successor fails and a Feasible successor is not present ?
i mean if ther'es route in the topology table but the route for the destination is not a Feasible Successor.
does the router discard che packet or use the route without the feasibility condition ?

Hi Joseph,
You are welcome!
why when the link R1-R3 was active the link R2-R3 did not met the FC ?
This question goes back to the definition of the Feasible Distance. The Feasible Distance is a record of the lowest distance towards a particular destination since the last time the destination went from Active to Passive state. The Feasible Distance is therefore not necessarily the current distance, rather, it is a historical minimum of the distance (with the history starting anew with the Active->Passive transition). The Feasible Distance can be reset and newly initialized in the moment of Active->Passive transition (meaning it can also increase during this transition) but otherwise, during a stable Passive state, the Feasible Distance can only decrease.
If we understand the Feasible Distance as the minimal historical distance to a destination then the Feasibility Condition that says: RD < FD can be put into words as follows:
Any neighbor who is closer to the destination than we have ever been is not on a routing loop.
Assuming that in your network, R2 was not considered a feasible successor to 192.168.1.0/24, this tells us that the R2 is not closer to the destination than we have ever been. Why would that be? Well, we can always construct a network in which the link metrics are chosen so that while R2 is not going to route packets back to R1, it won't pass the FC check, like here:
R1's FD to the destination LAN behind R3 is 16, following the shortest path R1-R3. R2's distance to the same LAN is 18. Notice that R2 is certainly not using the path via R1 - that path would be much longer (20+15+1=36). However, at this point, R2 does not meet the FC check from R1's viewpoint. R1's FD is 16, R2's reported distance is 18, so R1 can not be sure if R2 is or is not using R1 to reach the destination. This is the exact situation where the FC check is actually more strict than necessary but it is better to be too cautious against routing loops than to be too trusting.
So in this network, R1 does not consider R2 to be a feasible successor because it is not closer to the destination than R1 has ever been (the RD of R2, 18, is more than the FD of R1, 16).
When the link from R1 to R3 fails, R1 loses its successor, and because the next router, in this case R2, provides the next least cost path but does not meet the FC check, R1 will put the network into active state and start sending Queries. These Queries simply contain the current increased distance of R1 to the destination (in this case, infinity because the path has been totally lost). Basically, R1 is informing its neighbors that its own distance has increased, and expects the neighbors to reevaluate their own choices of successors (subject to their own FDs and FC checks). If R1's increased distance does not influence the neighbor's selection of successor, it simply sends a Reply with the current distance. If, however, R1 has been a successor for some neighbor up to the moment of the distance increase and now, because of the increased distance, R1 does not meet the FC check from that neighbor's viewpoint anymore, that neighbor has just lost a successor and must deal with it exactly in the way I've explained in my first reply. It is possible that this neighbor will also have to put the destination into Active state and start sending Queries itself. This is what is called a Diffusing Computation in EIGRP.
In this network, after the R1-R3 link is torn down, R1 will indeed send a Query to R2, indicating its current infinite distance to the LAN. However, R2 does not currently consider R1 a successor - it is using R3 as its successor. So, for R2, the increased distance of R1 to the destination is irrelevant as it does not influence its own choice of successor. Here, R2 merely sends back a Reply immediately, indicating its current distance to R1, saying that the distance stays at 18 despite R1's increase of distance. Because R2 is R1's only neighbor, this Reply is the last expected Reply, after which R1 can put the route back into Passive state and reset the FD to the newly found shortest path metric, in this case, the route through R2, with the metric being 20+17+1=38.
This is why the Active->Passive transition allows you to reset and reinitialize, even increase the FD - because as a result of sending Queries, you have forced your neighbors to reevaluate their own choice of successors. If a neighbor sends you a Reply, you can be sure that it has taken your new increased distance into account and has modified its routing table accordingly - in any case, in such a way there is no routing loop, subject to that neighbor's own FD and its own FC check. Therefore, now you simply choose the least cost path and set the FD to its cost.
Note that the situation will be different if we change the metrics like this:
The R1's FD to the LAN is still 16. However, R2's reported distance is 11, so here, it meets the FC check even though it is not considered to be a successor by R1 because the total path through it would be 31. It it still a feasible successor, though.
Here, if the link between R1 and R3 is torn down, R1 will find in its topology table that R2 provides the next least cost path and it is a feasible successor as well. So here, the route will never enter the Active state - it will remain Passive, just the successor will be changed to R2 and the current distance on R1 will increase to 31. Notice, however, that because we have not gone through the Active state (we did not need to), the FD at R1 will not change and will remain on the previous value of 16!
This example shows the true behavior of FD. It is a record of the minimum distance to the destination since the last time it entered the Passive state, and is used for FC checks only. It does not necessarily represent the current distance, contrary to the popular - and incorrect - belief.
Now let's modify this network a little more:
R1's shortest path to the destination LAN is via R3, with the FD being set to 16. R2's shortest path is via R3 and its distance is 11, therefore, R2 is a feasible successor. R4's shortest path is via R3 as well, and its distance is 18, but because 18 is more than R1's FD of 16, R4 is not considered a feasible successor.
Note, however, that while R2 is a feasible successor here, the route from R1 through R2 to the destination would have the metric of 31, while the route through R4 - even though R4 is not considered a feasible successor - would have the metric of 23. Quite a difference, isn't it? Now, if R1-R3 link fails, what should R1 do?
If it decides to go with R2 as the feasible successor, it will surely be using a loop free path but at the same time, that path won't be the shortest one that is available. The path through R4 at this point seems to be shorter but because R4 fails the FC check, R1 is not sure - is R4 actually using R1 as its next hop, or is it using a different router? That is why R1 has to make sure.
So in this network, if R1-R3 link fails, R1 will find out that the router providing the next least cost path is R4, not R2, and that the R4 does not meet the FC check. So R1 will again go Active and start sending out Queries, indicating its current (infinite) distance to the LAN network. Both R2 and R4 will receive this Query, and because neither of them is using R1 as its next hop, the increased distance on R1 is irrelevant to them, so they immediately send a Reply with their current metrics: R2 replies with 11 and R4 replies with 18. When R1 receives both Reply messages, it goes back to Passive state, resets the FD and chooses the neighbor that provides the least cost path - in this case, R4. The current metric will be set to 23 including the FD, as the FD has been reset. Note that R2 was and has remained a feasible successor all the time - it has never been promoted to successor role.
Quite a lengthy explanation, I admit - but these are not intuitive facts so it takes a little to digest them.
Please feel welcome to ask further!
Best regards,
Peter

Questions about Trex migration

Hello experts,
I have some questions about Trex migration.
We have to migrate our Trex instances to another Hardware type (and operating system type).
Is it somehow possible to export the Trex database (indexes etc.) on the source Trex, and then import them on the new target Trex? I ask because i found another thread in here saying that this is only possible if the source and target OS is the same, and if the source and target Trex is the same version, I donu2019t know if this is true though?
Or is it easier to just install a new Trex, and then let it rebuild index etc.? And is this a feasible way to do it?
As you can see i don't know much about Trex, so any hints and good advice is appreciated.
Thanks in advance.
Regards,
Kenneth

Hi Kenneth,
there are different approachs for migartion TREX.
a) Install TREX on a new machine. And export the indexes and afterwards import the indexes. This is possible even you do not have the same TREX version. Because otherwise if you only want to upgrade your revision you just start the sapinst or install.sh at the same machine.
b) Intstall TREX on a new machine and re-index all.
But keep in mind TREX is not BIA. Even perhapts this is the same SAP software component.
So re-index could take about days.... not only 10 min. This depends on the type of objekts which should be indexed and of the volumne.
As well it is not recommanded in general to switch on delta. For BIA of cause but not in generel for TREX.
Best regards
Frank

Questions about your new HP Products? HP Expert Day: January 14th, 2015

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My HP, purchased in June 2012, died on Saturday. I was working in recently installed Photoshop, walked away from my computer to answer the phone and when I came back the screen was blank. When I turned it on, I got a Windows Error Recovery message. The computer was locked and wouldn't let me move the arrow keys up or down and hitting f8 didn't do anything.
I'm not happy with HP. Any suggestions?

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You can find answers to several questions regarding membership to our subscription services. Please see Membership troubleshooting | Creative Cloud - http://helpx.adobe.com/x-productkb/policy-pricing/membership-subscription-troubleshooting- creative-cloud.html for additional information. You can find information on such topics as:
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Questions about using the Voice Memos app

I'm currently an Android user, but will be getting an iPhone 6 soon. My most used app is the voice memos app on my Android phone. I have a couple questions about the iPhone's built-in voice memos app.
-Am I able to transfer my voice memos from my Android phone to my iPhone, so my recordings from my Android app will show up in the iPhone's voice memos app?
-When exporting voice memos from the iPhone to computer, are recordings in MP3 format? If not, what format are they in?
-In your opinion, how is the recording quality of the voice memos app?

You cannot import your Android voice memos to your iPhone's voice memo app. You might be able to play the Android memos and have the iPhone pick up the audio and record it.
Here is the writeup about sending voice memos from the iPhone to your computer (from the iPhone User Guide):
App quality is excellent.

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Hello everyone,
I have a couple of questions about the Satellite P300-18Z.
What "video out" does this laptop have? (DVI, s-video or d-sub)
Can I link the laptop up to a LCD-TV and watch movies on a resolution of 1080p? (full-HD)
What is the warranty on this laptop?

Hello
According the notebook specification Satellite P300-18Z has follow interfaces:
DVI - No DVI port available
HDMI - HDMI-out (HDMI out port available)
Headphone Jack - External Headphone Jack (Stereo) available
.link - iLink (Firewire) port available
Line in Jack - No Line in Jack port available
Line out Jack - No Line Out Jack available
Microphone Jack - External Micrphone Jack
TV-out - port available (S-Video port)
VGA - VGA (External monitor port RGB port)
Also you can connect it to your LCD TV using HDMI cable.
Warranty is country specific and clarifies this with your local dealer but I know that all Toshiba products have 1 year standard warranty and also 1 year international warranty. you can of course expand it.

Some questions about Muse

First of all, I would like to say that I am very impressed with how well Muse works and how easy it was to create a website that satisfies me. Before I started a daily updated website I thought I would encounter many problems I will not be able to solve. I have only had a few minor issues which I would like to share with you.
The most problems I have with a horizontal layouts (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/dig-t-r-3-cylindrowy-silnik-nissana-o-wadze-40-kg-i-mocy-400- km.html). Marking and copying of a text is possible only on the last (top) layer of a document. The same situation is with widgets or anything connected with rollover state - it does not work. In the above example it would be perfect to use a composition/tooltip widget on the first page. Unfortunately, you cannot even move the cursor into it.
It would be helpful to have an option of rolling a mouse to an anchor (like in here http://www.play.pl/super-smartfony/lg-nexus-5.html and here http://www.thepetedesign.com/demos/onepage_scroll_demo.html). I mean any action of a mouse wheel would make a move to another anchor/screen. It would make navigation of my site very easy.
Is it possible to create a widget with a function next anchor/previous anchor? Currently, in the menu every button must be connected to a different anchor for the menu to be functional.
A question about Adobe Muse. Is it possible to create panels in different columns? It would make it easier to go through all the sophisticated program functions.
The hits from Facebook have sometimes very long links, eg.
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The text frame with background fill does not change text color in overlay state (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/nowe-mini-krolestwo-silnikow-3-cylindrowych.html). I mean a source button at the beginning of every text. I would like a dark text and a light layer in a rollover, but the text after export and moving cursor into it does not change color for some reason.
I was not sure whether to keep everything (whole website) in one Muse file (but I may be mistaken?). I have decided to divide it into months. Everyone is in a different Muse file. If something goes wrong, I will not have any trouble with an upload of a whole site, which is going to get bigger and bigger.
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The comments Disqus do not load, especially at horizontal layouts (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/2014-infiniti-q50-eau-rouge-concept.html). I have exchanged some mails and screenshots with Disqus help. I have sent them a screenshot where the comments are not loaded, because they almost never load. They have replied that it works at their place even with attached screenshot. I have a hard time to discuss it, because it does not work with me and with my friends either. Maybe you could fix it? I would not like to end up with awful facebook comments ;). The problem is with Firefox on PC and Mac. Chrome, Safari and Opera work ok.
YouTube movie level layouts do not work well with IE11 and Safari 7 (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/wypadki-drogowe--004.html). The background should roll left, but in the above mentioned browsers it jumps up. Moreover the scrolling with menu dots is not fluent on Firefox, but I guess it is due to Firefox issues? The same layout but in vertical version rolls fluently in Firefox (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/polskie-wypadki--005.html).
Now, viewing the website on new smartphones and tablets. I know it is not a mobile/tablet layout, but I tried to make it possible to be used on mobile hardware with HD (1280) display. I mean most of all horizontal layouts (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/2015-hyundai-genesis.html), where If we want to roll left, we need to roll down. Is there a way to make it possible to move the finger the direction in which the layout goes?
On Android phones (Nexus 4, Android 4.4.2, Chrome 32) the fade away background effect does not work, although I have spent a lot of time over it (http://www.leftlane.pl/lut14/koniec-produkcji-elektrycznego-renault-fluence-ze!.html). It is ok on PC, but on the phone it does not look good. A whole picture moves from a lower layer instead of an edge which spoils everything.
This layout does not look good on Android (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/nowe-mini-krolestwo-silnikow-3-cylindrowych.html#a07). The background does not fill the whole width of a page. There are also problems with a photo gallery, where full screen pictures should fill more of a screen.
Is it possible to make an option of scroll effects/motions for a fullscreen slideshow widget thumbnails (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/2014-chevrolet-ss%2c-rodzinny-sedan-z-415-konnym-v8.html#a06)? It would help me with designing layouts. Currently, it can go from a bottom of a page at x1 speed or emerge (like in this layout) by changing opacity. Something more will be needed, I suppose.
Sometimes the pictures from gallery (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/2014-chevrolet-ss%2c-rodzinny-sedan-z-415-konnym-v8.html#a06 download very slowly. The website is hosted at Business Catalyst. I cannot state when exactly it happens, most of the time it works ok.
I really like layouts like this (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/2014-chevrolet-ss%2c-rodzinny-sedan-z-415-konnym-v8.html#a03). On the top is a description and a main text, and the picture is a filled object with a hold set at the bottom edge. That is why there is a nice effect of a filling a whole screen- nevertheless the resolution that is set. It works perfect on PC, but on Android the picture goes beyond the screen. You can do something about it?
In horizontal layouts (http://www.leftlane.pl/sty14/dig-t-r-3-cylindrowy-silnik-nissana-o-wadze-40-kg-i-mocy-400- km.html) holding of a filling object does not work. Everything is always held to upper edge of a screen regardless the settings. Possibility of holding the picture to the bottom edge or center would make my work much easier.
According to UE regulations we have to inform about the cookies. I do not know how to do it in Muse. I mean, when the message shows up one time and is accepted, there would be no need to show it again and again during another visit on the website. Is there any way to do it? Is there any widget for it maybe?
The YouTube widget sometimes changes size just like that. It is so when the miniature of the movie does not load, and the widget is set to stroke (in our case 4 pixels, rounded to 1 pixel). As I remember ( in case of a load error) it extends for 8 pixels wide.
Last but not least - we use the cheapest hosting plan in Business Catalyst. The monthly bandwidth is enough, although we have a lot of pictures and we worried about it at first. Yet we are running out of the disk storage very quickly. We have used more than a half of a 1 GB after a month. We do not want to change BC for a different one, because we like the way it is connected with Muse. But we do not want to buy the most expensive package - but only this one has more disk space. We do not need any other of these functions and it would devastate our budget. Do we have any other option?
I’m using Adobe Muse 7.2 on OS X 10.9.1.
and I'm sending Muse file to <[email protected]>

Unfortunatley, there is no way to get a code view in Muse. I know quite a few people requested it in the previous forum, but not really sure where that ended up. Also, you may not want to bring the html into DW unless you only have 1 or 2 small changes 2 make. Two reasons. First, it isnt backwards compatible, so if you are planning on updating that site in Muse, you will need to make those changes in DW everytime you update. Second, by all accounts the HTML that Muse puts out is not pretty or easy to work with. Unlike you, I am code averse, but there was a lenghty discussion on the previous forum on this topic. I know they were striving to make it better with every release, just not sure where it is at this point.
Dont think I am reading that second question right, but there was a ton of info on that old site. You may want to take a look there, people posted a ton of great unique solutions, so it worth a look.
Here is the link to the old forums- http://support.muse.adobe.com/muse

HT201303 hi just got my new apple ipod touch i need to update my security information other wise it wont let me download apps it says to enter three questions about myself and i get to the third question and it wont let me enter the third question

hi just got my new apple ipod touch and to download apps it wants to add questions about myself for more sercurity information. i get up to question 3 and it wont let me select a question but it will let me write an answer so i just pressed done and then it says i cant carry on because ive mised out information when it wont let me do a question!

Welcome to the Apple community.
You might try to see if you can change your security questions. Start here, change your country if necessary and go to manage your account > Password and Security.
I'm able to do this, others say they need to input answers to their current security questions in order to make changes, I'm inclined to think its worth a try, you don't have anything to lose.
If that doesn't help you might try contacting Apple through Express Lane (select your country, navigate to iCloud help and enter the serial number of one of your devices)

Just installed iOS6, questions about "iMessage" and other things...

I've been a satisfied iOS4 user since I bought my iPhone4, but I was forced to install iOS6 tonight in order to download a "free" app. I found a few new icons on the screen along with about 200 percent more "Settings" I'd like to ask some questions about. I'm sure a few of these could be answered by doing a frantic and thorough search through weeks of posts but I'm a little short on time right now.
First, what exactly is iMessage? Looking at the page for it, I can't see any difference between it and regular text messages. The info page says its to avoid charges, but between my data plan and not being charged for text I don't see where theres any other benefit. The one person I text with the most recently asked me why I had not installed iMessage yet, and didn't have an answer when I asked him why I should. I guess he just wanted to see text replies in blue instead of green.
In a related bit, flipping through Settings>Messages>Send & Receive I find a "2 addresses" section, with my phone number in there as well as my email under "You can be reached by iMessage at:" and "Start new conversations from:". What good does it do iMessages to have my email address? Does the Mail app handle text as well as email addresses? That seems to be the only explanation, and also very odd to think I'd be trying to text through my Mail app.
Second, looking through the Settings>Mail I see now that I have an icloud email address as well as the mac.com address I've been desperately hanging on to for the past 10 years, and the me.com address they've been trying to force me into since those came out. (I was happy to see I could delete the me.com address from the phone. I wish I could delete it from the universe.)
I wasn't even aware there was a such thing as icloud.com addresses. When did this happen? What is it used for?
Third, under that icloud Setting I see a long list of apps with buttons labeled "Off" under it. What are those for? Under the Mac.com settings I see switches for "Mail" and "Notes", with Mail on and Notes off. The Notes app (which I haven't used since my old iPhone 3) still opens, regardless of this setting.
Fourth, I now have an item called "Facetime" under my Settings. It is off, but underneath it says "Your phone number and/or email address will be shared with people you call". I understand caller ID normally sends caller number info to the receiver, but why would someone need my email address if I call them?
Fifth, I now have a "Music" setting, at the bottom of which I see a "Home Sharing" item, which when clicked brings up my AppleID and asks me if I want to Sign Out or Cancel. What is Home Sharing? Its also at the bottom of the "Video" settings.
Sixth, now I have Twitter and Facebook settings? For what? I don't have accounts with either of those companies. So why have settings, especially since it asks me to create accounts and download apps for those companies right in the Settings?
Seventh, there is a camera icon on the unlock screen. Touching it causes the screen to bounce up about a quarter inch, almost but not quite revealing something behind it. I should probably just quit asking about this stuff already, but I'll take the bait - what is this now?
Finally, what is the Notification Center used for?
If I got a text under iOS4, it would put an alert on the Unlock screen. Scrolling through this huge list of things under the Notification settings I'm really blown away by all the apps set up to yell at me. I can see having an alert for a text message but Game Center? What the heck is that, and why is it set up to hit me with a "Badge App Icon" (whatever that is) when I get alerts from "Everyone". Similarly, the phone is set to alert me to something called a "Photostream Alert"? What is this? Why is there a Phone section for the Notification Center? So they can put a Notice on my screen to tell me the phone is ringing? Holy cow! The phone is set to send me alerts from the "Weather Widget". So if I miss the fact its raining there will be a message on my screen to let me know? Whats next - a buzzer to tell me I'm listening to music?
There's a lot more, like what would I need Passbook for when I have the actual movie tickets, gate boarding passes, coupons, etc in my hands, but we'll leave that for another time. Many thanks to all who can offer some answers to my questions above.

Hey Taantumus!
Here is an article that will provide some guidance on this question:
Apple ID: Changing your password
http://support.apple.com/kb/ht5624
The next time you use an Apple feature or service that uses Apple ID, you'll be asked to sign in with your new Apple ID password.
Thanks for coming to the Apple Support Communities!
Regards,
Braden

Questions about using Bitlocker without TPM

We currently use Bitlocker to encrypt our Windows 7 computers with TPM. Now we are looking at encrypting some Windows 7 computers without a TPM. I see how to change the group policy setting to allow Bitlocker without a TPM. I have looked at a lot of other
threads and I have a few questions about how the Bitlocker without TPM works.
1) I see a USB drive containing a key is required for Bitlocker configurations without a TPM, say the end user loses this USB drive, what are the recovery options for their computer?
This article seems to indicate that without the USB drive connected, you are unable to even access recovery options http://blogs.technet.com/b/hugofe/archive/2010/10/29/bitlocker-without-tpm.aspx
We have recovery backed up to AD when Bitlocker is enabled, but how could we do this recovery on a computer on computer where it's USB is lost? Would we have to remove the HD itself and attach it to another computer to access?
2) After enabling Bitlocker on a computer without a TPM and using the USB Drive for the key, is there a way to also add a PIN or password protection at bootup?

Hi,
Sorry for my dilatory reply,
Configuring a startup key is another method to enable a higher level of security with the TPM. The startup key is a key stored on a USB flash drive, and the USB flash drive must be inserted every time the computer starts. The startup key is used to provide
another factor of authentication in conjunction with TPM authentication. To use a USB flash drive as a startup key, the USB flash drive must be formatted by using the NTFS, FAT, or FAT32 file system.
You must have a startup key to use BitLocker on a non-TPM computer.
From: http://technet.microsoft.com/de-de/library/ee449438(v=ws.10).aspx#BKMK_Key
For more Q&A about BitLocker, you can refer to the link above.
hope this is helpful.
Roger Lu
TechNet Community Support

Questions about Rooting...

Hi everyone, I’ve some questions about rooting my Xperia Arc S. Hopefully I’ll get helpful answers from you.
If I root my phone, shall I get regular software official updates from Sony?
Currently Sony is rolling out the ICS update. After rooting the phone am I able to upgrade my phone to ICS?
While rooting the phone if any damage is done, can that be recoverable by installing a fresh OS or something?
Does the rooting process delete all the existing contacts, messages, apps etc?
Finally can anyone please provide a full proof guide/tutorial for rooting the Xperia Arc S?
Thanks in advance.
Solved!
Go to Solution.

Do you have an app named Super USer ?
Were you on 4.0.4 and then rooted your mobile using this method ?
If yes then your mobile is not rooted for sure
See how to root 4.0.4 here
Discussion guidelines.
Message me or any other moderator to seek help regarding moderation.

A lot of questions about my MacBook Air

I am really new to re-using Apple computers.The last time I used an Apple computer was back in 1987 when the school and my family had Apple IIGS computers. I have been using PC's which reqiure Microsoft. I a lot of have questions (10 questions) about my MacBook Air and I hope you good people can and will help me.
Product: MacBook Air
Operating System: Mac OS X Version 10.7.4
1) I Downloaded MacKeeper because I was fooled. I had a bad feeling just before I Downloaded it and I should have listened to my heart. However, I didn't buy it or fully Install it. It was like a test run and then they wanted me to pay almost $100 for it. Thankfully, I didn't because I read it is Malware. I spoke with an Apple Tech at Apple Care and he helped me get rid of it (or so we think). I don't see it anymore on my computer. I read it can slow down your computer. How can you tell if it's really off of the computer?
2) When I open "Finder" and I see that there are people Sharing my computer with me. I went into AirDrop and it reads, "Other people can see your Mac as (my name) MacBook Air when their computer is nearby." I bought a HotSpot and while it's turned on and I selected it as my WI-FI connection I thought it would get rid of these people, protect what I type, me, my items, computer, etc. But it didn't.
I didn't know that I have to buy a exteral CD and/or DVD Player in order to connect to the brand new Modem and Router in one by NetGear. I am so used to PCs and the CD/DVD Players being built inside.
The people at Apple Store told me that there is an internal modem inside, but I don't know how to find it and what to do then. Should I use a Firewall?, An AntiVirus, AntiMalware, AntiSpyware, etc. Apple Care tech told me I don't need to get an AntiVirus.
3) Is there a new kind of Wireless Modem and Router that doesn't require a CD-ROM?
4) When I travel or fly and I am not close to home I was told by Best Buy and Sprint that I had to buy a mobile HotSpot to use the computer (WI-FI) safely. As I typed, I have one. But it's pretty expensive and only gives me 1 hour and 15 minutes per day to Stream. What can I do to use this computer safely Online when I am out of range from a Modem and Router? What do people do when they travel on airplanes?
5) This compter won't let me use "Raid." I think you have to have a newer version. I hard about Raid on the radio from Leo (can't recall his last name) who's a Tech expert.
6) Should I buy a ZipDrive? Apple Store Tech told me that I didn't need a ZipDrive. I just remember the episode of HBO's "Sex and The City" when Carrie looses everything because her copy crashed. Now, of course, I know that's a fictional show, but with PC's and Microsoft I have lost everything when it crashed, frooze up, etc. I know there's iClouds. I heard about Carbonite, but I have read the Pros and Cons about it. Mostly they are Cons about it. I just don't want to do anything wrong and mess up this computer.
7) Should I buy a new Printer/Copier/Scanner because mine is an HP. It's not new, but it works. I even have a CD-ROM for Macs. What about the new product called, "Neat"?
8) Is there a special product that I should buy to do Online Banking and/or other important stuff?
9) I saw and read about iWork in the Apps Store and it sounds cool. I still have alot of friends and colleagues who still use Microsoft. Is iWork good to use? Should I Download it from the Apple Apps Store or can a buy it at Apple? Is there another Word Processing Program that is great and user friendly and will work with Macs and PCs?
10) Should I Update the OS with OS X Mountian Lion Pro from the Apple Apps Store or buy it at Apple Store?
In advance, I wish to thank you in this Apple Support Communites for your help. Have a safe and happy holiday weekend!

1) Here are instructions for removing MacKeeper. Since it mostly consists of manually looking for folders and specific files, if you follow the instructions you either fail to find what you are told to find (because your AppleCare guide gave you complete instructions which you followed) or you'll find some additional files that need to be replaced.
2 & 3) I assume you are looking at the sidebar of a Finder window and seeing Shared and computers under it. Those are computers that you can potentionally share. To do so you'd need an account on their computer and a password. They are not sharing your computer.
AirDrop allows you to create an adhoc network for filesharing and it only functions when you have selected the AirDop item in the SideBar. Actually doing that merely announces to computers in the same network node that your computer is available for a file to be sent to. Even then you have to explicitly allow the file to be downloaded to your computer. Similarly you'd be able to see other computers with AirDrop selected and be able to send them a file - which they'd have to accept.
The only reason your NetGear Router comes with a CD is to install and run their 'easy' step by step configuration program. It can also be done manually with a browser. Read the manual to find the IP address you must enter to access the router's configuration menu. Apple's WiFi routers don't require a CD to install the software because the configuration software is already on your computer.
I do have my firewall turned on. AntiVirus software isn't a bad idea - I use Sophos having tested it for a review for our local User Group and I found I liked it better than ClamAVx which is what I'd been using before. Both are free.
4) I think you were scammed by Sprint and BestBuy. I use hotel, coffee shop, and restaurant WiFi spots and have for years. However, because they can be unsecured, I do not shop online or bank when I'm using them. I also use 1Password and don't reuse passwords so even if a sniffer should grab an account and password that's all it would get - one account.
5) Raid doesn't really make sense with a MacBook Air - a RAID involves 2 or more disks being used as if they were one.
6) Zip drive? No. External hard drive - yes. It isn't a question of if a computer's hard drive will malfunction, it is when. OWC has a nice selection of external drives and the Mac has a built in backup system called TimeMachine. Due to the way TimeMachine works, I've found that your TimeMachine drive should be at least twice as large - and preferably 3-4 times as large as the data you are backing up.
7) if your printer works and it has Mountain Lion drivers, why replace it?
8) Online banking is done with a browser - Use Safari or FireFox
9) If trading files with Windows users is important Mac: Office is your best bet. If not, iWork, Mac:Office, or LibreOffice are all good possibilities.
10) you can only buy Mt Lion via the App Store.

Some questions about configuration in MAX.

Hello,everyone!
I have some questions about configuration in MAX(I am a jackaroo for motion control development),I hope I can get your help.
I use PCI-7344+UMI-7764+Servo amplifier+Servo motor,my MAX version is 4.2 and I use NI-Motion7.5
My question as following:
1,In Axis Configuration,for motor type,why I must select stepper but not servo?my motor is servo motor!If I select Servo,my motor can't run,I don't know why.
If I select stepper,though motor can work but I can't test encoder in MAX.
2,In Stepper settings,for stepper loop mode,why I must select open-loop but not close-loop?If I select close-loop,the servo motor doesn't work too.
3,If I want my two servo motors run at different velocity,How shoud I do?It seems I just can set the same velocity in MAX for my two servo motors.
My English is poor,Pls pardon me!I come from China.
Thank you for your help!
EnquanLi
Striving is without limit!

Hi,Jochen,
Thank you for your kindly help!
The manufacturer of the drive and motor that I am using now is Japan SANYO DENKI,drive type is RS1A01AA,motor type is R2AA06020FXP00.
And I use position control mode,thehe encoder's counts per revolution is 131072.I set the electronic gear ratio to 1:1 for drive.
Now,I can use Close-Loop to control the motor but still has some problems.When I configure it to run in closed loop mode, the motors behave strangely and never move to the target position.When I configure it to run in closed loop mode, the motors behave strangely and never move to the target position.The detail situation is as following
1,Motor can't run.
2, Or motor moves to a position, then moves in the same direction agian and eventually stops.
Except for the two points mentioned above,"Following Error" is occured frequently,I don't know why.
I am still not clear why I must set the motor type be stepper in MAX .
And I have another question:what the relationship between the steps and the counts?They have the proportion relations?I notice that there are a section said like this in help document: For proper closed-loop and p-command operation, steps per revolution/counts per revolution must be in the range of 1/32,767 < steps/counts < 32,767. An incorrect counts to steps ratio can result in failure to reach the target position and erroneous closed-loop stepper operation.
I am verry sorry I have too many questions!
I am very appreciate for your kingly help!Thanks again!
EnquanLi
China
Striving is without limit!

A question about the impact of SQL*PLUS SERVEROUTPUT option on v$sql

Hello everybody,
SQL> SELECT * FROM v$version;
BANNER
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
CORE    11.2.0.1.0 Production
TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
SQL>
OS : Fedora Core 17 (X86_64) Kernel 3.6.6-1.fc17.x86_64I would like to ask a question about the SQL*Plus SET SERVEROUTPUT ON/OFF option and its impact on queries on views such as v$sql and v$session. Here is the problem
Actually I define three variables in SQL*Plus in order to store sid, serial# and prev_sql_id columns from v$session in order to be able to use them later, several times in different other queries, while I'm still working in the current session.
So, here is how I proceed
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON; -- I often activate this option as the first line of almost all of my SQL-PL/SQL script files
SET SQLBLANKLINES ON;
VARIABLE mysid NUMBER
VARIABLE myserial# NUMBER;
VARIABLE saved_sql_id VARCHAR2(13);
-- So first I store sid and serial# for the current session
BEGIN
    SELECT sid, serial# INTO :mysid, :myserial#
    FROM v$session
    WHERE audsid = SYS_CONTEXT('UserEnv', 'SessionId');
END;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
-- Just check to see the result
SQL> SELECT :mysid, :myserial# FROM DUAL;
    :MYSID :MYSERIAL#
       129   1067
SQL> Now, let's say that I want to run the following query as the last SQL statement run within my current session
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary >= 2800 AND ROWNUM <= 10;According to Oracle® Database Reference 11g Release 2 (11.2) description for v$session
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e25513/dynviews_3016.htm#REFRN30223]
the column prev_sql_id includes the sql_id of the last sql statement executed for the given sid and serial# which in the case of my example, it will be the above mentioned SELECT query on the employees table. As a result, right after the SELECT statement on the employees table I run the following
BEGIN
    SELECT prev_sql_id INTO :saved_sql_id
    FROM v$session
    WHERE sid = :mysid AND serial# = :myserial#;
END;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
SQL> SELECT :saved_sql_id FROM DUAL;
:SAVED_SQL_ID
9babjv8yq8ru3
SQL> Having the value of sql_id, I'm supposed to find all information about cursor(s) for my SELECT statement and also its sql_text value in v$sql. Yet here is what I get when I query v$sql upon the stored sql_id
SELECT child_number, sql_id, sql_text
FROM v$sql
WHERE sql_id = :saved_sql_id;
CHILD_NUMBER   SQL_ID          SQL_TEXT
0              9babjv8yq8ru3    BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.GET_LINES(:LINES, :NUMLINES); END;Therefore instead of
SELECT * FROM employees WHERE salary >= 2800 AND ROWNUM <= 10;for the value of sql_text I get the following value
BEGIN DBMS_OUTPUT.GET_LINES(:LINES, :NUMLINES);Which is not of course what I was expecting to find in v$sql for the given sql_id.
After a bit googling I found the following thread on the OTN forum where it had been suggested (well I think maybe not exactly for the same problem) to turn off SERVEROUTPUT.
Problem with dbms_xplan.display_cursor
This was precisely what I did
SET SERVEROUTPUT OFFafter that I repeated the whole procedure and this time everything worked pretty well as expected. I checked SQL*Plus documentation for SERVEROUTPUT
and also v$session page, yet I didn't find anything indicating that SERVEROUTPUT should be switched off whenever views such as v$sql, v$session
are queired. I don't really understand the link in terms of impact that one can have on the other or better to say rather, why there is an impact
Could anyone kindly make some clarification?
thanks in advance,
Regards,
Dariyoosh

>
and also v$session page, yet I didn't find anything indicating that SERVEROUTPUT should be switched off whenever views such as v$sql, v$session
are queired. I don't really understand the link in terms of impact that one can have on the other or better to say rather, why there is an impact
Hi Dariyoosh,
SET SERVEROUTPUT ON has the effect of executing dbms_output.get_lines after each and every statement. Not only related to system view.
Here below what Tom Kyte is explaining in this page:
Now, sqlplus sees this functionality and says "hey, would not it be nice for me to dump this buffer to screen for the user?". So, they added the SQLPlus command "set serveroutput on" which does two things
1) it tells SQLPLUS you would like it <b>to execute dbms_output.get_lines after each and every statement</b>. You would like it to do this network rounding after each call. You would like this extra overhead to take place (think of an install script with hundreds/thousands of statements to be executed -- perhaps, just perhaps you don't want this extra call after every call)
2) SQLPLUS automatically calls the dbms_output API "enable" to turn on the buffering that happens in the package.Regards.
Al

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