RAM or Hard Drive failing  ... or both?

Early 2009 24” iMac, iMac model iMac9,1, Build 13F1066, 2.66 GHz, Intel Core Duo running with 2 x 4GB 1067 MHz DDR3 RAM (a matched pair installed 2 years ago to add RAM) running OS X 10.9.5. I have several USB and one Firewire external hard drives to hold iPhoto/iTunes and various back ups.
Of late it has had numerous and frequent odd errors. Mid-operation crashes, application crashes, inability to boot following a crash, apparent corruption of external hard drives which can now only be read (but not written to) etc. Fault reports were varied; some kernel panics some crashed threads e.g com.apple.main-thread. Disk Utility often unable to repair so re-format and re-install required.
Before effecting a repair I had to establish what was causing these seemingly unrelated issues.
SMART Utility first showed the hard drive as failing [item 5 - Reallocated Sector Count 0x0033 199 (threshold 140) Pre-fail, Update Always, Failed Never, Raw value 6 & item 196 Reallocated Event Count 0x0032 199 (threshold 199), Old age, Raw value 1]. However, I have successfully re-formatted it and it still shows this (which I presume is fine as the bad blocks are still present). Other drives it can report on were reporting ok.
That said, more recently it also now shows one of the USB connected external hard drives as Failed [item 184 - End-to-End Errors  0x0032 99 (threshold 99) Old age, Update Always, Failing Now, Raw Value 1].
Whilst researching what hard drive I could replace mine with (same manufacturer [WDC] to avoid heat sensor issues, larger [why not?], jumper settings to downspeed to 3Gb/s I thought I'd run an Apple Hardware Test (AHT).
So yesterday I ran an Apple Hardware Test. This showed one of the 2 RAM blocks in error (4MEM/9/40000000: 0xb8c03818). If I pulled them out one by one and once I’d worked out which one was reporting faulty the iMac operated OK the first time, if I used the good one alone. Using the faulty one I got the regular ‘horn’ as it couldn’t operate without workable RAM. With both in it still reported one as failed. It didn’t matter even if I swapped the good one between the two slots, the iMac would work but with only the faulty one in either slot it wouldn’t. There were no reports of Hard Drive issues?
I also ran the Rember app which reported a RAM error.
Interestingly after all this and even with the one working RAM in place it would eventually not boot so I am now booted from a USB connected carbon copy cloner back up. I presume this is because the failed RAM introduced corruption (again).
I have now replaced the 2 RAM blocks (good ol' Mr Memory FoC) and AHT and Rember report it as OK. Still  no HDD errors reported with AHT?
Questions:
1/ Do I really have a hard drive issue or a RAM issue?
2/ Or both?
3/ Is it possible that the RAM issue has caused the other reports and could it cause SMART Utility fault reports?
4/ Are SMART Utility faults 'latched' i.e. once triggered, they remain in place?
5/ Is there something I have missed?
6/ How can I be confident of identifying the core issue?
Any thoughts, help, expertise appreciated.
Mervyn
Can failed RAM really screw up external drive files, writing, etc?

With another system in the computer's hard drive along with the old one,
there is alot of stuff in there. If an archive and install procedure was done
and her old settings saved into the new system, the older one could be
tossed; but ever so carefully.
Booting into the OSX installer disc#1 and use the Installer's own Disk
Utility version (found in menu below Installer, in main menu after booting)
can be helpful in doing some repairs to the hard drive; by chosing the
"repair disk" item in disk utility; you can run it more than once. [Also,
using repair disk permissions is helpful; this latter thing can be done
in the regular in computer OS as it is running the machine. Choose
Disk Utility in the Utilities folder, launch it, choose the Mac HD item
from left side menu, and run repair disk permissions. When it is done,
quit Disk Utility. Also, consider getting OnyX (free download online
from Titanium Software) and run the items in Automation monthly.
Repairing disk permissions before and after installing upgrades is a
good idea; and if this has not been done, issues can result.
And the hard drive may be getting really full, sluggish systems can
have too much in the drive and not enough free space. See how
much free space is in the hard drive by single clicking its icon and
use Get Info from in File in the main menubar. For troubleshooting
user account/permission issues, some people create a new user
account; that helps to tell if the main "admin" account has problems.
There is alot more to this; so see what you come up with and then
post back if you find anything new or if repairing permissions and/or
other things show promise. The extended warranty sounds good.

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