Reinstall lion on empty drive

Hi,
I am trying to fix my mate's MacBook Air, which wouldn't boot. After booting from an external drive I used disk utilty to try and repair the internal drive but got an error saying "invalid node structure' or something like that and that it could not be repaired. So I erased the internal drive with the intention of just reinstalling snow leopard. However, I hadn't realised that it was running Lion...
So now I have an erased internal drive on the MacBook but I do have Time Machine backups on an external drive. How can I restore one of these backups off the external drive? I don't know how to reinstall Lion as it doesn't come with a disk like the previous os x versions have...
Any help on how to restore one of the Time Machine backups (or reinstall Lion without having to repurchase it) would be greatly appreaciated!
Cheers.

I repaired the Time Machine drive using disk utility as it showed errors when i verified it. That went fine but when I tried again to boot from it the same thing happened... It shows the Time Machine drive when holding option at startup but when i click it, it just gives the grey screen with the question mark folder... Whats going on?
Anyway, I booted from my external bootable drive (different to his external time machine drive) and loaded the app store. I logged in with his details but when I searched for Lion, it didn't say anything about already being purchased... it just showed the price. I looked in the purchased tab and it had nothing in there...
How can I download Lion without paying for it again? It was paid for when the computer was bought so we should not be charged again (IMO)...

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