Safely copying files from Target Disk Mode to External USB. Advice?

Just got a new iMac and transferred my system and important files to it from my old iMac. However, a partition on my old iMac has files I want to move to my new iMac so they can be included in Time Machine backups while others I want to move to another external hard drive since I have physical copies of most of those files elsewhere.
I can connect my old iMac to the new via Target Disk mode and copy the critical files from Mac-to-Mac easily and quickly enough. What I want to know is if I’m safe to copy the other files from the TDM-connected iMac to a USB drive.
I’ve read that having other devices connected to your Mac while another Mac is connected via TDM can result in corrupted files. Is this true? Is it unsafe to copy files from a TDM Mac to an external USB drive?
If it is safe, is it best to connect the USB drive to the new Mac or to the old one while it’s in TDM? There’s a lot of data so I’m wondering about transfer times. One method would see files going over Firewire through the new iMac to a USB drive, while the other would go from TDM-connected Mac directly to a USB drive connected to its own USB port. That is:
TDM iMac > New iMac > USB Drive connected to New iMac
or
TDM iMac > USB Drive connected to TDM iMac
I have limited space on my internal drive and I also don’t want to copy-hop from TDM iMac to New iMac then copy from New iMac to USB drive. I'd like to go directly from old drive to external USB drive if it's safe.
So I’m looking for advice on the best way to connect devices in order to cut down on copying time and number of copies, and to do it safely without corrupting data. Any advice is appreciated!

I've used Migration Assistant already to move all of my immediately necessary data and settings over. This other data was on a separate partition and I'm unable to copy all of the data over to my new drive due to lack of space.
Things are complicated by the fact that I need to change some of my externals over to Time Machine ready backups. Previously I was using 1 TB and a 2 TB drive for TM and another 2 TB drive for general backups/archiving. Now I need to juggle things around so that both 2 TB drives are for TM and the 1 TB is used for archiving.
An important point I should have mentioned is that I can't use my old iMac normally due to a GPU problem that seizes the system up. This is the reason I can't just copy stuff directly from old iMac to external USBs.
I'm interested to know if what I described above is safe and if there are any time savings or benefits for copying through my new iMac or connecting the externals directly to the old iMac in TDM.

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