SAP ABAP HR ------career related question
Hye friends ,
Friends i have 2.5 years of experience in sap abap . My major developments are related to sap HR . i have 1 full life cycle completion of sap netweaver .
No i wanna my carrier as a SAP BAP HR .
But dear gurus from india , who has experience more than 4 years please suggest me ..
Is it right for my future to become as a SAP ABAP HR or i should try for simple SAP ABAP..
<<removed_by_moderator>>
Over all i am very confused related to my new search criteriaa ..wheather SAP ABA HR or SAP ABAP.
Thanks in advance For Your Reply
Edited by: Vijay Babu Dudla on Jul 2, 2009 1:45 AM
> No i wanna my carrier as a SAP BAP HR .
@PK..it is not a New Technology but a New Airlines which was introduced by SAP .
>But dear gurus from india , who has experience more than 4 years please suggest me ..
@Siegfried.. the criteria to reply to this thread does not suit you.
1.Gurus from India only.
2.Only 4 yrs Experience
>Over all i am very confused related to my new search criteriaa ..
Yep,New Version of SDN has changed its Search functionality and there is a [lot of discussions|What happened to SCN search?; going on in [Suggestions & Comments|SCN Support; forum, have a look into it.
> if a glass is half filled and half full .......try to see the full part ??
again you missed out something here which made the confusion. half filled with air & half full of water Brittania 50:50 right?.
Cheers
Andrew
PS:Edited with a SIMPLE EDIT SW called @FUN and copyrighted only for Coffee Corner.Take it in the [right spirit|http://www.whiskymag.com/whisky/brand/glenfiddich/whisky651.html] .
Edited by: Andrew J on Jul 3, 2009 9:35 AM
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kindly send me ABAP-HR REAL TIME QUESTION to my mail [email protected]
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babasishHi
Logical database
A logical database is a special ABAP/4 program which combines the contents of certain database tables. Using logical databases facilitates the process of reading database tables.
HR Logical Database is PNP
Main Functions of the logical database PNP:
Standard Selection screen
Data Retrieval
Authorization check
To use logical database PNP in your program, specify in your program attributes.
Standard Selection Screen
Date selection
Date selection delimits the time period for which data is evaluated. GET PERNR retrieves all records of the relevant infotypes from the database. When you enter a date selection period, the PROVIDE loop retrieves the infotype records whose validity period overlaps with at least one day of this period.
Person selection
Person selection is the 'true' selection of choosing a group of employees for whom the report is to run.
Sorting Data
· The standard sort sequence lists personnel numbers in ascending order.
· SORT function allows you to sort the report data otherwise. All the sorting fields are from infotype 0001.
Report Class
· You can suppress input fields which are not used on the selection screen by assigning a report class to your program.
· If SAP standard delivered report classes do not satisfy your requirements, you can create your own report class through the IMG.
Data Retrieval from LDB
1. Create data structures for infotypes.
INFOTYPES: 0001, "ORG ASSIGNMENT
0002, "PERSONAL DATA
0008. "BASIC PAY
2. Fill data structures with the infotype records.
Start-of-selection.
GET PERNR.
End-0f-selection.
Read Master Data
Infotype structures (after GET PERNR) are internal tables loaded with data.
The infotype records (selected within the period) are processed sequentially by the PROVIDE - ENDPROVIDE loop.
GET PERNR.
PROVIDE * FROM Pnnnn BETWEEN PN/BEGDA AND PN/ENDDA
If Pnnnn-XXXX = ' '. write:/ Pnnnn-XXXX. endif.
ENDPROVIDE.
Period-Related Data
All infotype records are time stamped.
IT0006 (Address infotype)
01/01/1990 12/31/9999 present
Which record to be read depends on the date selection period specified on the
selection screen. PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
Current Data
IT0006 Address - 01/01/1990 12/31/9999 present
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST retrieves the record which is valid in the data selection period.
For example, pn/begda = '19990931' pn/endda = '99991231'
IT0006 subtype 1 is resident address
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0006 1 PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
Process Infotypes
RMAC Modules - RMAC module as referred to Macro, is a special construct of ABAP/4 codes. Normally, the program code of these modules is stored in table 'TRMAC'. The table key combines the program code under a given name. It can also be defined in programs.The RMAC defined in the TRMAC can be used in all Reports. When an RMAC is changed, the report has to be regenerated manually to reflect the change.
Reading Infotypes - by using RMAC (macro) RP-READ-INFOTYPE
REPORT ZHR00001.
INFOTYPE: 0002.
PARAMETERS: PERNR LIKE P0002-PERNR.
RP-READ-INFOTYPE PERNR 0002 P0002 .
PROVIDE * FROM P0002
if ... then ...endif.
ENDPROVIDE.
Changing Infotypes - by using RMAC (macro) RP-READ-INFOTYPE.
· Three steps are involved in changing infotypes:
1. Select the infotype records to be changed;
2. Make the required changes and store the records in an alternative table;
3. Save this table to the database;
The RP-UPDATE macro updates the database. The parameters of this macro are the OLD internal table containing the unchanged records and the NEW internal table containing the changed records. You cannot create or delete data. Only modification is possible.
INFOTYPES: Pnnnn NAME OLD,
Pnnnn NAME NEW.
GET PERNR.
PROVIDE * FROM OLD
WHERE .... = ... "Change old record
*Save old record in alternate table
NEW = OLD.
ENDPROVIDE.
RP-UPDATE OLD NEW. "Update changed record
Infotype with repeat structures
· How to identify repeat structures.
a. On infotype entry screen, data is entered in table form.
IT0005, IT0008, IT0041, etc.
b. In the infotype structure, fields are grouped by the same name followed by sequence number.
P0005-UARnn P0005-UANnn P0005-UBEnn
P0005-UENnn P0005-UABnn
Repeat Structures
· Data is entered on the infotype screen in table format but stored on the database in a linear
structure.
· Each row of the table is stored in the same record on the database.
· When evaluating a repeat structure, you must define the starting point, the increment and the
work area which contains the complete field group definition.
Repeat Structures Evaluation (I)
· To evaluate the repeat structures
a. Define work area.
The work area is a field string. Its structure is identical to that of the field group.
b. Use a DO LOOP to divide the repeat structure into segments and make it available for
processing in the work area, one field group (block) at a time.
Repeat Structures Evaluation(II)
Define work area
DATA: BEGIN OF VACATION,
UAR LIKE P0005-UAR01, "Leave type
UAN LIKE P0005-UAN01, "Leave entitlement
UBE LIKE P0005-UBE01, "Start date
UEN LIKE P0005-UEN01, "End date
UAB LIKE P0005-UAB01, "Leave accounted
END OF VACATION.
GET PERNR.
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0005 SPACE PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
DO 6 TIMES VARYING VACATION
FROM P0005-UAR01 "Starting point
NEXT P0005-UAR02. "Increment
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ENDDO.
Processing 'Time Data'.
· Dependence of time data on validity period
· Importing time data
· Processing time data using internal tables
Time Data and Validity Period
· Time data always applies to a specific validity period.
· The validity periods of different types of time data are not always the same as the date selection period specified in the selection screen.
Date selection period |----
|
Leave |----
|
· PROVIDE in this case is therefore not used for time infotypes.
Importing Time Data
· GET PERNR reads all time infotypes from the lowest to highest system data, not only those within the date selection period.
· To prevent memory overload, add MODE N to the infotype declaration. This prevents the logical database from importing all data into infotype tables at GET PERNR.
· Use macro RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY to fill infotype table.
INFOTYPES: 2001 MODE N.
GET PERNR.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P0021.
If P0021-XYZ = ' '. A=B. Endif.
ENDLOOP.
Processing Time Data
· Once data is imported into infotype tables, you can use an internal table to process the interested data.
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
BUKRS LIKE P0001-BUKRS, "COMPANY
WERKS LIKE P0001-WERKS, "PERSONNEL AREA
AWART LIKE P2001-AWART, "ABS./ATTEND. TYPE
ASWTG LIKE P2001-ASWTG, "ABS./ATTEND. DAYS
END OF ITAB.
GET PERNR.
RP-PROVIDE-FROM-LAST P0001 SAPCE PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BUKRS = P0001-BURKS. ITAB-WERKS = P0001-WERKS.
RP-READ-ALL-TIME-ITY PN/BEGDA PN/ENDDA.
LOOP AT P2001.
ITAB-AWART = P2001-AWART. ITAB-ASWTG = P2001-ASWTG.
COLLECT ITAB. (OR: APPEND ITAB.)
ENDLOOP.
Database Tables in HR
· Personnel Administration (PA) - master and time data infotype tables (transparent tables).
PAnnnn: e.g. PA0001 for infotype 0001
· Personnel Development (PD) - Org Unit, Job, Position, etc. (transparent tables).
HRPnnnn: e.g. HRP1000 for infotype 1000
· Time/Travel expense/Payroll/Applicant Tracking data/HR work areas/Documents (cluster
PCLn: e.g. PCL2 for time/payroll results.
Cluster Table
· Cluster tables combine the data from several tables with identical (or almost identical) keys
into one physical record on the database.
. Data is written to a database in compressed form.
· Retrieval of data is very fast if the primary key is known.
· Cluster tables are defined in the data dictionary as transparent tables.
· External programs can NOT interpret the data in a cluster table.
· Special language elements EXPORT TO DATABASE, IMPORT TO DATABASE and DELETE
FROM DATABASE are used to process data in the cluster tables.
PCL1 - Database for HR work area;
PCL2 - Accounting Results (time, travel expense and payroll);
PCL3 - Applicant tracking data;
PCL4 - Documents, Payroll year-end Tax data
Database Tables PCLn
· PCLn database tables are divided into subareas known as data clusters.
· Data Clusters are identified by a two-character code. e.g RU for US payroll result, B2 for
time evaluation result...
· Each HR subarea has its own cluster.
· Each subarea has its own key.
Database Table PCL1
· The database table PCL1 contains the following data areas:
B1 time events/PDC
G1 group incentive wages
L1 individual incentive wages
PC personal calendar
TE travel expenses/payroll results
TS travel expenses/master data
TX infotype texts
ZI PDC interface -> cost account
Database Table PCL2
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B2 time accounting results
CD cluster directory of the CD manager
PS generated schemas
PT texts for generated schemas
RX payroll accounting results/international
Rn payroll accounting results/country-specific ( n = HR country indicator )
ZL personal work schedule
Database Table PCL3
· The database table PCL3 contains the following data areas:
AP action log / time schedule
TY texts for applicant data infotypes
Data Management of PCLn
· The ABAP commands IMPORT and EXPORT are used for management of read/write to
database tables PCLn.
· A unique key has to be used when reading data from or writing data to the PCLn.
Field Name KEY Length Text
MANDT X 3 Client
RELID X 2 Relation ID (RU,B2..)
SRTFD X 40 Work Area Key
SRTF2 X 4 Sort key for dup. key
Cluster Definition
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with fixed naming conventions.
· They are defined as INCLUDE programs (RPCnxxy0). The following naming convention applies:
n = 1 or 2 (PCL1 or PCL2)
xx = Relation ID (e.g. RX)
y = 0 for international clusters or country indicator (T500L) for different country cluster
Exporting Data (I)
· The EXPORT command causes one or more 'xy' KEY data objects to be written to cluster xy.
· The cluster definition is integrated with the INCLUDE statement.
REPORT ZHREXPRT.
TABLES: PCLn.
INCLUDE: RPCnxxy0. "Cluster definition
Fill cluster KEY
xy-key-field = .
Fill data object
Export record
EXPORT TABLE1 TO DATABASE PCLn(xy) ID xy-KEY.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
WRITE: / 'Update successful'.
ENDIF.
Exporting Data (II)
. Export data using macro RP-EXP-Cn-xy.
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main memory buffer.
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REPORT ZHREXPRT.
*Buffer definition
INCLUDE RPPPXD00. INCLUDE RPPPXM00. "Buffer management
DATA: BEGIN OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
INCLUDE RPPPXD10.
DATA: END OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
RP-EXP-Cn-xy.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
PERFORM PREPARE_UPDATE USING 'V'..
ENDIF.
Importing Data (I)
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PCLn.
· If the import is successful, SY-SUBRC is 0; if not, it is 4.
REPORT RPIMPORT.
TABLES: PCLn.
INCLUDE RPCnxxy0. "Cluster definition
Fill cluster Key
Import record
IMPORT TABLE1 FROM DATABASE PCLn(xy) ID xy-KEY.
IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
Display data object
ENDIF.
Importing data (II)
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· Check return code SY-SUBRC. If 0, it is successful. If 4, error.
· Need include buffer management routines RPPPXM00
REPORT RPIMPORT.
*Buffer definition
INCLUDE RPPPXD00.
DATA: BEGIN OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
INCLUDE RPPPXD10.
DATA: END OF COMMON PART 'BUFFER'.
*import data to buffer
RP-IMP-Cn-xy.
*Buffer management routines
INCLUDE RPPPXM00.
Cluster Authorization
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· Use EXPORT/IMPORT via buffer, the buffer management routines check for cluster
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Payroll Results (II)
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DATA: END OF RX-KEY.
*Payroll directory
DATA: BEGIN OF RGDIR OCCURS 100.
INCLUDE STRUCTURE PC261.
DATA: END OF RGDIR.
Payroll Cluster Directory
· To read payroll results, you need two keys: pernr and seqno
. You can get SEQNO by importing the cluster directory (CD) first.
REPORT ZHRIMPRT.
TABLES: PERNR, PCL1, PCL2.
INLCUDE: rpc2cd09. "definition cluster CD
PARAMETERS: PERSON LIKE PERNR-PERNR.
RP-INIT-BUFFER.
*Import cluster Directory
CD-KEY-PERNR = PERNR-PERNR.
RP-IMP-C2-CU.
CHECK SY-SUBRC = 0.
LOOP AT RGDIR.
RX-KEY-PERNR = PERSON.
UNPACK RGDIR-SEQNR TO RX-KEY-SEQNO.
*Import data from PCL2
RP-IMP-C2-RU.
INLCUDE: RPPPXM00. "PCL1/PCL2 BUFFER HANDLING
Function Module (I)
CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS
· After importing the payroll directory, which record to read is up to the programmer.
· Each payroll result has a status.
'P' - previous result
'A' - current (actual) result
'O' - old result
· Function module CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS will restore the payroll result status for a period
when that payroll is initially run. It also will select all the relevant periods to be evaluated.
Function Module (II)
CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS
call function 'CD_EVALUATION_PERIODS'
exporting
bonus_date = ref_periods-bondt
inper_modif = pn-permo
inper = ref_periods-inper
pay_type = ref_periods-payty
pay_ident = ref_periods-payid
tables
rgdir = rgdir
evpdir = evp
iabkrs = pnpabkrs
exceptions
no_record_found = 1.
Authorization Check
Authorization for Persons
· In the authorization check for persons, the system determines whether the user has the
authorizations required for the organizational features of the employees selected with
GET PERNR.
· Employees for which the user has no authorization are skipped and appear in a list at the end
of the report.
· Authorization object: 'HR: Master data'
Authorization for Data
· In the authorization check for data, the system determines whether the user is authorized to
read the infotypes specified in the report.
· If the authorization for a particular infotype is missing, the evaluation is terminated and an error
message is displayed.
Deactivating the Authorization Check
· In certain reports, it may be useful to deactivate the authorization check in order to improve
performance. (e.g. when running payroll)
· You can store this information in the object 'HR: Reporting'.
these are the main areas they ask q? -
Which one SAP ABAP or BI/BW ?
Dear ALL,
Myself Kiran from Bangalore, working as Software Developer(PHP/Mysql) having 3 year of total experience.
I always had a dream to learn some Technical modules like ABAP or BI and to become SAP consultant from my initial days of my career.
I also took opinions from SAP gurus through discussion forum,But they said in-order to enter into SAP field one should have domain experience . so i just dropped my idea of entering SAP field.
But after 3 years of programming , i just wanted to learn SAP ABAP/BI/BW , so i need to know answers for fallowing question.
1. Which one suites me either SAP ABAP or BI suites me ? Considering my past 3 years of programming experience?
2. What are the ways that i can enter in to SAP field in technical modules?
This is link to discussion that i had it in earlier days
http://sap.ittoolbox.com/groups/career/sap-career/what-to-choose-sap-or-php-4473164
Thanks in Advance,
Regards,
Kiran YuvarajHello Kiran,
Getting a job in SAP as a fresher ( ABAP / BI / Any module) is infact a difficult task ..
That depends upon totally on you and You only..Yes, Based on your hard work, dedication,
sincerity and the level of efforts you put in, you can get into SAP..The entry is only
difficult..Once you enter you can sustain..But that too depends on your interest alone..
Simply Saying, IF You want yourself to be a Strong Competent, you need to Work Hard..thats it..
Coming to your Question,
In Market, The Openings for BI as a FRESHER is low compared to ABAP..
Hope the above statement answers your question.. Dont confuse too much..Get suggestions from
the Reliable People you know and take off..But I Clearly mention the market situation..Rest is in you
Hands..Dont Worry..Take Clear decision and Lets Start..All is Well ..
Warm Regards,
Nellai Muthu.. -
Dear SAP Experts ,
I Have 1 year exp as an Associate SAP ABAP HR Consultant and i have done MCA but still didn't get any job i am free from 3 months didn't get any call please guide me what to do my abap is not much strong but hr is good . i am so upset tht planing to move in other job profile like SEO or work as HR executive for getting domain knowledge.so plz guide me wht to do and please also tell in ABAP HR which main topics i have to make strong ?
Thanks
Regards,
Vikrant
<<Moderator Message: How many times are you going to ask the same question?>>
Message was edited by: kishan PHi Vikrant,
Since you are more interested towards HR than ABAP, in long term you can think of moving into SAP HCM functional career. And to be able to work as a functional consultant, you need to have good amount of business process knowledge. Considering this you can start working in core HR and gain domain experience and move your career later towards functional area.
And more over you have ABAP HR experience,this will be very handy when you are a functional consultant.
Regards,
Ravi
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