Sata, low HDD performance

Hi guys.
I've got a problem with my Archlinux: I can't force my ASUS A6r (http://uk.asus.com/products.aspx?modelm … =24&l3=134) to use DMA - hdparm -Tt /dev/sda returned:
Timing cached reads: 318 MB in 2.00 seconds = 158.63 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 26 MB in 4.00 seconds = 6.51 MB/sec
Just in case, hdparm -I /dev/sda
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: HTS541060G9AT00
Serial Number: MPB3RAXGGXLATM
Firmware Revision: MB3VA60A
Standards:
Used: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 3a
Supported: 6 5 4
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 117210240
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 117210240
device size with M = 1024*1024: 57231 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 60011 MBytes (60 GB)
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Standby timer values: spec'd by Vendor, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Advanced power management level: 128
Recommended acoustic management value: 128, current value: 254
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 *udma5
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=240ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* NOP cmd
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
Power-Up In Standby feature set
* SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
Address Offset Reserved Area Boot
SET_MAX security extension
* Automatic Acoustic Management feature set
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
not frozen
not expired: security count
not supported: enhanced erase
50min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
HW reset results:
CBLID- above Vih
Device num = 0 determined by the jumper
Checksum: correct
I've tried to use sdparm, but it hasn't worked
[root@marcin-laptop /]# sdparm --set=ARRE=1 /dev/sda
/dev/sda: ATA HTS541060G9AT00 MB3V
change_mode_page: failed setting page: Read write error recovery
[root@marcin-laptop /]# sdparm --set=ARRE=1 --save /dev/sda
/dev/sda: ATA HTS541060G9AT00 MB3V
change_mode_page: mode page indicates it is not savable but
'--save' option given (try without it)
I've tried to solve this with http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/#testinghelp, but changing type (-d scsi or -d sat), editing rc.conf and rebooting didn't work (what a surprise...).
Any ideas (TIA, if any)?

B wrote:
Marcin: Check dmesg for any pointers about the UDMA mode. Libata sometimes misdetects how the HD is connected (for laptops it's mostly though a ZIF) and will erroneously set it at
UDMA 33 (!). Check this thread for pointers.
I had (and still have) to patch my kernel for that. Another solution is to use the old ide layer - but both require you recompile your kernel.
I am having the same problem, with one of my disks, and dmesg tells me this:
DMA 0x00000000 -> 0x00001000
DMA zone: 3967 pages, LIFO batch:0
ide0: BM-DMA at 0xf900-0xf907
hda: UDMA/66 mode selected
ahci 0000:00:12.0: controller can't do 64bit DMA, forcing 32bit
ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xfe02f000 port 0xfe02f100 irq 22
ata2: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xfe02f000 port 0xfe02f180 irq 22
ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xfe02f000 port 0xfe02f200 irq 22
ata4: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xfe02f000 port 0xfe02f280 irq 22
ata1.00: ATA-8: SAMSUNG HD501LJ, CR100-11, max UDMA7
ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
ata2.00: ATA-7: ST3320820AS, 3.AAD, max UDMA/133
ata2.00: configured for UDMA/133
ata3.00: ATA-8: SAMSUNG HD501LJ, CR100-12, max UDMA7
ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133
I have no idea what to do now though, could you please help me out?

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Last edited by galiyosha (2007-11-11 21:34:17)

lilsirecho wrote:Can you change to a different usb controller? It may be defective.
It is probably not, it works fine under Windows and it worked fine as well on another machine with older Arch Linux installation.
lilsirecho wrote:
Perhaps the current supplied by the usb controller is inadequate.
Perhaps a powered hub added if you have one will alleviate the problem....EDITED
It is an external HDD enclosure, so it is self-powered.
lilsirecho wrote:One last gasp...check /etc/mkinitcpio.conf for hooks "usb"...
Well, usb hook is not enabled, but as I don't use the drive for booting, I see no reason for it to be. The required modules (usbcore, ehci_hcd, usb_storage, ide_core) are loaded. Without them, the drive would probably not be mountable at all.
Thanks for the effort, but neither of the tips probably points to the cause.

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Ok I did some research and still can't figure out why writing/reading speed is so slow in practice
hdparm -tT /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
Timing cached reads: 1012 MB in 2.00 seconds = 506.11 MB/sec
Timing buffered disk reads: 336 MB in 3.01 seconds = 111.58 MB/sec
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What is going on here?
hdparm -I /dev/sda
/dev/sda:
ATA device, with non-removable media
Model Number: ST31000520AS
Serial Number: 5VX0WRYD
Firmware Revision: CC32
Transport: Serial
Standards:
Used: unknown (minor revision code 0x0029)
Supported: 8 7 6 5
Likely used: 8
Configuration:
Logical max current
cylinders 16383 16383
heads 16 16
sectors/track 63 63
CHS current addressable sectors: 16514064
LBA user addressable sectors: 268435455
LBA48 user addressable sectors: 1953525168
Logical/Physical Sector size: 512 bytes
device size with M = 1024*1024: 953869 MBytes
device size with M = 1000*1000: 1000204 MBytes (1000 GB)
cache/buffer size = unknown
Nominal Media Rotation Rate: 5900
Capabilities:
LBA, IORDY(can be disabled)
Queue depth: 32
Standby timer values: spec'd by Standard, no device specific minimum
R/W multiple sector transfer: Max = 16 Current = 16
Advanced power management level: 192
Recommended acoustic management value: 254, current value: 254
DMA: mdma0 mdma1 mdma2 udma0 udma1 udma2 udma3 udma4 udma5 *udma6
Cycle time: min=120ns recommended=120ns
PIO: pio0 pio1 pio2 pio3 pio4
Cycle time: no flow control=120ns IORDY flow control=120ns
Commands/features:
Enabled Supported:
* SMART feature set
Security Mode feature set
* Power Management feature set
* Write cache
* Look-ahead
* Host Protected Area feature set
* WRITE_BUFFER command
* READ_BUFFER command
* DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Advanced Power Management feature set
Power-Up In Standby feature set
SET_FEATURES required to spinup after power up
SET_MAX security extension
* Automatic Acoustic Management feature set
* 48-bit Address feature set
* Device Configuration Overlay feature set
* Mandatory FLUSH_CACHE
* FLUSH_CACHE_EXT
* SMART error logging
* SMART self-test
* General Purpose Logging feature set
* WRITE_{DMA|MULTIPLE}_FUA_EXT
* 64-bit World wide name
Write-Read-Verify feature set
* WRITE_UNCORRECTABLE_EXT command
* {READ,WRITE}_DMA_EXT_GPL commands
* Segmented DOWNLOAD_MICROCODE
* Gen1 signaling speed (1.5Gb/s)
* Native Command Queueing (NCQ)
* Phy event counters
Device-initiated interface power management
* Software settings preservation
* SMART Command Transport (SCT) feature set
* SCT Long Sector Access (AC1)
* SCT LBA Segment Access (AC2)
* SCT Error Recovery Control (AC3)
* SCT Features Control (AC4)
* SCT Data Tables (AC5)
unknown 206[12] (vendor specific)
Security:
Master password revision code = 65534
supported
not enabled
not locked
frozen
not expired: security count
supported: enhanced erase
188min for SECURITY ERASE UNIT. 188min for ENHANCED SECURITY ERASE UNIT.
Logical Unit WWN Device Identifier: 5000c500250e4711
NAA : 5
IEEE OUI : 000c50
Unique ID : 0250e4711
Checksum: correct
smartctl -a /dev/sda
smartctl 5.42 2011-10-20 r3458 [i686-linux-3.2.13-1-ARCH] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, [url]http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net[/url]
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda LP
Device Model: ST31000520AS
Serial Number: 5VX0WRYD
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0250e4711
Firmware Version: CC32
User Capacity: 1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Fri Mar 30 00:45:54 2012 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 623) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x73) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
No Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 219) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 119 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 216824470
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 096 096 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 526
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 3
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 077 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 58496816
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 084 084 000 Old_age Always - 14481
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 037 020 Old_age Always - 265
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 098 000 Old_age Always - 8590065682
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 070 054 045 Old_age Always - 30 (Min/Max 18/31)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 030 046 000 Old_age Always - 30 (0 16 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 039 021 000 Old_age Always - 216824470
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 199 000 Old_age Always - 9
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 152454159153810
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 3670022033
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 448914133
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
Num Test_Description Status Remaining LifeTime(hours) LBA_of_first_error
# 1 Short offline Completed without error 00% 14007 -
# 2 Extended offline Interrupted (host reset) 00% 13651 -
# 3 Extended offline Aborted by host 90% 8256 -
# 4 Short offline Completed without error 00% 310 -
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
cat /etc/fstab
# <file system> <dir> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
devpts /dev/pts devpts defaults 0 0
shm /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
/dev/sr0 /mnt/cd iso9660 ro,user,noauto,unhide 0 0
#/dev/dvd /media/dvd auto ro,user,noauto,unhide 0 0
#/dev/fd0 /media/fl auto user,noauto 0 0
UUID=934647db-14d1-4641-820c-e42c0f63c0e5 /boot ext2 defaults 0 2
/dev/mapper/lvm-home /home ext4 defaults,noatime 0 2
/dev/mapper/lvm-root / ext4 defaults,noatime 0 1
/dev/mapper/lvm-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs noatime,nodev,nosuid,noexec,size=1536M 0 0
/dev/mapper/data /mnt/data ext4 acl,user_xattr,noatime 0 2
dmesg | grep ata
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000001f5d7000 - 000000001f5d9000 (ACPI data)
[ 0.000000] BIOS-e820: 000000001f600000 - 000000001f608000 (ACPI data)
[ 0.000000] Memory: 481496k/515072k available (3766k kernel code, 31608k reserved, 1441k data, 524k init, 0k highmem)
[ 0.000000] .data : 0xc04ad9d5 - 0xc06160c0 (1441 kB)
[ 14.174799] Write protecting the kernel read-only data: 1112k
[ 14.661110] libata version 3.00 loaded.
[ 14.684788] ata1: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xffe40000 port 0xffe40100 irq 45
[ 14.684809] ata2: DUMMY
[ 14.684826] ata3: SATA max UDMA/133 abar m1024@0xffe40000 port 0xffe40200 irq 45
[ 14.684842] ata4: DUMMY
[ 14.685022] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.1: version 2.13
[ 14.685081] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.1: PCI INT A -> GSI 18 (level, low) -> IRQ 18
[ 14.685243] ata_piix 0000:00:1f.1: setting latency timer to 64
[ 14.699846] scsi4 : ata_piix
[ 14.705173] scsi5 : ata_piix
[ 14.715618] ata5: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0x1f0 ctl 0x3f6 bmdma 0xf100 irq 14
[ 14.715642] ata6: PATA max UDMA/100 cmd 0x170 ctl 0x376 bmdma 0xf108 irq 15
[ 15.006827] ata1: SATA link up 1.5 Gbps (SStatus 113 SControl 300)
[ 15.008016] ata1.00: ATA-8: ST31000520AS, CC32, max UDMA/133
[ 15.008034] ata1.00: 1953525168 sectors, multi 16: LBA48 NCQ (depth 31/32)
[ 15.009380] ata1.00: configured for UDMA/133
[ 15.013441] ata3: SATA link down (SStatus 0 SControl 300)
[ 40.720777] EXT4-fs (dm-1): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 59.246412] EXT4-fs (dm-3): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: (null)
[ 59.339759] EXT4-fs (dm-4): mounted filesystem with ordered data mode. Opts: acl,user_xattr
EDIT: Replaced quote with code - ngoonee
EDIT: Ok, sorry - miskoala
Last edited by miskoala (2012-03-30 08:18:09)

I booted this drive from another computer (Asrock M3A770DE mobo) and works fine, speed with dd was ~100MB/s
I also update bios on my first computer with Intel D945GSEJT (there is selected AHCI mode) still the same transfers with dd (~10Mb/s)
I have no idea what to do with it now
EDIT:
More tests with other hdd (Samsung HD502IJ), dd on mounted NTFS partition:
Intel D945GSEJT booted from Archlinux iso:
hdparm: ~75 MB/s
dd: ~10 MB/s
Intel D945GSEJT booted from Archlinux iso, HDD connected to PCI SATA controller (Promise 378):
hdparm: ~60 MB/s
dd: ~10 MB/s
Asrock M3A770DE booted from Archlinux iso:
hdparm: ~87 MB/s
dd: ~76 MB/s
Asrock M3A770DE booted from Archlinux iso, HDD connected to PCI SATA controller (Promise 378):
hdparm: ~81MB/s
dd: ~76 MB/s
What is broken on D945GSEJT?
Last edited by miskoala (2012-03-30 13:47:23)

Extremely Poor Pacman/HDD Performance

This is a problem I have been having for a while now.
After about a month after a clean Arch install, Pacman's performance, and the performance of the OS itself, severely degrades to the point of operations that took seconds taking minutes.
After a fresh install, Pacman would take about 10 seconds or so to display any matches to a search I preform. The computer now starts accessing the HDD for about 5 or 6 minutes per search, and so intensively that the rest of the computer comes to a halt while Pacman is doing it's job.
This HDD activity that completely chokes the computer is becoming more apparent in other operations as well. Firefox (which is an enormous memory hog, I know) will kill the machine. Even opening an xterminal can take about 6 or 7 seconds after some intense HDD activity.
The computer is old, a 10GB HDD, 64MB of RAM, and a 1Ghz processor, but I don't think it should be having such a hard time with the hard disk activity as it is. I run xorg7 and openbox. The only other graphical elements on that are a wallpaper and a simple panel program. There aren't many daemons running besides your run-of the-mill stuff like syslog and dbus.
I've already taken the steps in the "improving pacman's performance" article on the wiki page, but no dice. Can anyone help?

The dmesg you posted is a common problem with IDE devices in the latest kernels due to the lack of recognition 0f the 80-wire cable for UDMA. The normal use of 80-wire cables in IDE was to accomodate faster transfers and as such was a weak workaround for crosstalk problems.
In present kernels, the 80-wire system is not recognized therefore the speed of performance is degraded to UDMA 2.
See the following URL for a kernel patch force for 80-wire:\\
http://pixca.net/2008/02/03/limited-to-udma33-due -to-40-wire-cable/
The results of the install to kernel are presented, but no verifiable reports have been given for the patch from other users. Two answers by the same poster give no confidence in whether he loaded the kernel fix since his dmesg makes no reference to the 80-wire libata changes as does the original posted data.
This seems to affect every IDE interface in different ways and is based on not requiring 80-wire confirmation in scsi/sata since it is different than IDE interface and controller.
This may be causing your slowdowns.....give it a second look..

875P HDD Performance w/Promise controller

I performed 3 tests on my FIS2R motherboard with the drives connected to the ICH5R controller and the Promise controller in various combinations. The ICH5R controller supports drives up to ATA 100 speeds, and the Promise controller supports drives up to ATA133 speeds (for parallel drives). HDD1 is a ATA100/7200RPM drive, and HDD2 is a ATA133/7200RPM drive.
I used both HD Tach v2.61 and Aida32 v3.61 for these tests. Both gave me similar results, so I'm posting only the results that I got from Aida in the quick linear mode.
Configuration 1:
      HDD1: ICH5R - 30.4 MB/s
      HDD2: ICH5R - 38.7 MB/s
Configuration 2:
      HDD1: ICH5R - 30.5 MB/s
      HDD2: Promise - 38.8 MB/s
Configuration 3:
      HDD1: Promise - 30.4 MB/s
      HDD2: Promise - 38.7 MB/s
When both drives were connected to the ICH5R controller (configuration 1), Aida confirmed that both HDDs were running at ATA100. This is what I would expect, but why is HDD2's benchmark 30% higher if they are both running at ATA100?
When HDD1 was connected to ICH5R and HDD2 was connected to Promise (configuration 2), both POST on bootup and Aida confirmed that HDD2 was running at ATA133. HDD1 was at ATA100. This is what I would expect, but why don't I see an improvement in the benchmark for HDD2?
When both drives were connected to the Promise controller (configuration 3), POST on bootup and Aida said HDD2 was running at ATA100. Why doesn't HDD2 run in the ATA133 mode? Is it because the Promise controller chooses the slower of the 2 drives as it's maximum rate?
Can anyone explain what's going on here?
Also, under Device Manager, I noticed that the Promise controller is identified as a SCSI device. I assume that this is normal.
MSI 875P FIS2R motherboard BIOS 1.4
CPU: 2.4 GHz P4/800 MHz
OS: W2K
RAM: 2X 512M Kingston Value DDR RAM, CL=3
Video: Radeon 9500 Pro
HD1: Maxtor 40G, 7200 RPM, ATA 100, NTFS formated
HD2: Maxtor 120G 7200 RPM ATA 133, FAT 32 formated
PS: Enermax 431W
Speakers: Logitech Z640

Quote
Originally posted by Keyan
You can check the WD easily - on boot, the Promise controller will report the drives attached and the DMA (hopefully 5) that they are in.
If using 875 FISR2, you only can choose SATA or Raid on promise IDE. So the the Promise controller will report SCSI only .
There could be about a thousand reasons why it's slower - slower write time on the WD, drive fragmentation, going across buses over PCI, some other program was aceesing one or both drives at the same time, the stars in the sky were aligned improperly , etc... Oh, and transferring a large file across paritions is ALWAYS slower than it is from drive to drive, you only have one read/write head working on a single drive, while you have 2 working when you go between 2 drives.
I also try to copy from partition to partition in my HItachi and speed also is very fast .
Now it is weird that changing the IDE channel is making both drives go into DMA 5 vs. one going to PIO....have you tried different cables?
I try 3 different cables and every cable can work on UDMA 5 Mode .

Sata, low HDD performance

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