Skew (Distort): reference point placement; proportions

I use Photoshop CS on a Mac G4 (PPC), OS X 10.4.11.
I am puzzled about the placement of the reference point when using Skew, e.g. to straighten the vertical lines of buildings. In Rotate, its function is clear: the image rotates around the reference point. But in Skew, I cannot observe any difference in the effect of the transformation regardless of where I place the reference point.
I am interested in this, because preserving the proportions when skewing is important. What I have been doing is, for instance, to move the top handles outwards and the bottom handles inwards until the edges of the bouding box cross the edges of the image at about my eye-level when I took the photo. But even this does not accurately preserve the proportions of the buildings. What I am wondering is whether the reference point can in some way be used to preserve the proportions. But, as I say, moving it does not seem to have a visible effect; and in Skew, holding down Shift also does not seem to do anything. Any advice will be gratefully received.

I agree, the reference point does not seem to affect skew result.
However it gives you some added control. For example before the transform, you can hold down the shift key and move the reference point a precise distance to the left of center. Then drag the top left anchor until the middle left anchor lines up with the reference.
Skew is more constrained than Distort but less constrained than Perspective. Somewhere in between. The shift key won't do anything. Any Skew transform can be replicated with Distort using the Shift key.

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