SQL*PLUS and PL/SQL

HI !
There is any way to run a command SQL*PLUS through a block pl/sql. For example to run the "copy from" command in a block pl/sql.
Thanks for you time.

APC wrote:
No.
SQL*Plus is an interactive, client-side tool. PL/SQL is a batch-oriented server side tool.I would make more distinction ...
SQL*Plus is an interactive, client-side tool - a specialized command processor. PL/SQL is a batch-oriented server side programming language.
>
There are ways of doing the same sort of things in both languages, but they are different commands.
Cheers, APC

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SQL*Plus and NLS_DATE_FORMAT

So, I haven't visited this topic in a long time, so I'm trying to refresh my memory on how everything works ...
We set our NLS_DATE_FORMAT at the system level ... what ... 4 years ago to 'MM/DD/RR'. Despite the fact that I set this to something more commonly-used than the default of 'DD-Mon-RR', we've adopted the standard of always using TO_DATE() with an explicit format, just in case it's ever changed.
There were some applications that missed the standard, and now that a driver (for ColdFusion) has been updated, these SQL statements are now failing.
When I started looking into it, I realized that the system-level default of 'MM/DD/RR' should work fine. But, after experimenting in SQL*Plus and TOAD, I am thinking that either:
1) the system-level format is not being used
2) and/or there are login scripts which are setting these to something else
Coincidentally, both SQL*Plus and TOAD return the exact same query results:
SQL> select *
     from NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS
     where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                MM/DD/RR
SQL> select *
     from NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS
     where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                DD-MON-RRSo I looked into the glogin.sql script (which both tools share), and there's nothing mentioned about the NLS_DATE_FORMAT
-- Copyright (c) 1988, 2003, Oracle Corporation.
-- All Rights Reserved.
-- NAME
--   glogin.sql
-- DESCRIPTION
--   SQL*Plus global login "site profile" file
--   Add any SQL*Plus commands here that are to
--   be executed when a user starts SQL*Plus, or
--   uses the SQL*Plus CONNECT command
-- USAGE
--   This script is automatically run
-- Used by Trusted Oracle
COLUMN ROWLABEL FORMAT A15
-- Used for the SHOW ERRORS command
COLUMN LINE/COL FORMAT A8
COLUMN ERROR    FORMAT A65 WORD_WRAPPED
-- Used for the SHOW SGA command
COLUMN name_col_plus_show_sga FORMAT a24
COLUMN units_col_plus_show_sga FORMAT a15
-- Defaults for SHOW PARAMETERS
COLUMN name_col_plus_show_param FORMAT a36 HEADING NAME
COLUMN value_col_plus_show_param FORMAT a30 HEADING VALUE
-- Defaults for SHOW RECYCLEBIN
COLUMN origname_plus_show_recyc   FORMAT a16 HEADING 'ORIGINAL NAME'
COLUMN objectname_plus_show_recyc FORMAT a30 HEADING 'RECYCLEBIN NAME'
COLUMN objtype_plus_show_recyc    FORMAT a12 HEADING 'OBJECT TYPE'
COLUMN droptime_plus_show_recyc   FORMAT a19 HEADING 'DROP TIME'
-- Defaults for SET AUTOTRACE EXPLAIN report
COLUMN id_plus_exp FORMAT 990 HEADING i
COLUMN parent_id_plus_exp FORMAT 990 HEADING p
COLUMN plan_plus_exp FORMAT a60
COLUMN object_node_plus_exp FORMAT a8
COLUMN other_tag_plus_exp FORMAT a29
COLUMN other_plus_exp FORMAT a44
-- Used to alter the TOAD environment so that users do not have to
-- use the SET DEFINE OFF command prior to compiling code
-- Charles Forbes 10.17.2005
SET scan offIf I expressly go into either tool and execute, the following, setting the format to that already delcared at the system-level:
alter session set nls_date_format = 'MM/DD/RR'Then these SQL statements start running just fine again.
There's something that I'm missing in my basic understanding of how this works. I assumed that the driver update for ColdFusion perhaps enabled a different "glogin.sql"-type script equivalent for that tool ... until ... I started checking into how the NLS_DATE_FORMAT is supposed to work ... but isn't. Could someone help me clarify where the hole is in my understanding?
Thanks,
Chuck

chuckers wrote:
What's the difference, then, between NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS and NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS in my initial post? The glogin.sql script isn't altering the NLS_DATE_FORMAT for the desktop version of SQL*Plus, so I'm perplexed that the SESSION format differs from the INSTANCE format.NLS_SESSION_PARAMETERS are the NLS parameters that are in force for your particular session (i.e. the particular connection you have). Most client applications cause things like NLS_DATE_FORMAT to be set, overriding the NLS_INSTANCE_PARAMETERS. Instance-level NLS settings are most commonly used only for purely back-end processing (i.e. background jobs scheduled via DBMS_JOB or DBMS_SCHEDULER, etc.) 9 times out of 10, the client application is going to override the instance-level paramters.
I even opened SQL Developer, and got
select * from nls_session_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                DD-MON-RR
1 rows selected
select * from nls_instance_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT'
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                MM/DD/RR
1 rows selected
That's not unexpected. Java applications are going to use the Java regional properties at least to specify a date format. SQL Developer has a config option for the date format, so it may well be specifying a different format.
They're all 3 (Toad, SQL*Plus, TOAD) so suspiciously consistent, that I'm questioning some of the fundamentals of the NLS setup.
I went ahead and looked via SQL*Plus from the server-side, & things are looking more consistently in-line with my expectations:
[oracle@dvsrvr13 ~]$ sqlplus forbesc@d13
SQL*Plus: Release 10.1.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Mar 19 12:44:57 2009
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter password:
Connected to:
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.1.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
SQL> select * from nls_session_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                MM/DD/RR
SQL> select * from nls_instance_parameters where parameter = 'NLS_DATE_FORMAT';
PARAMETER                      VALUE
NLS_DATE_FORMAT                MM/DD/RR
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.1.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP and Data Mining options
[oracle@dvsrvr13 ~]$ locate glogin.sql
/u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql
[oracle@dvsrvr13 ~]$ more /u01/app/oracle/product/10.1.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql
-- Copyright (c) 1988, 2003, Oracle Corporation. All Rights Reserved.
-- NAME
--   glogin.sql
-- DESCRIPTION
--   SQL*Plus global login "site profile" file
--   Add any SQL*Plus commands here that are to be executed when a
--   user starts SQL*Plus, or uses the SQL*Plus CONNECT command
-- USAGE
--   This script is automatically run
-- Used by Trusted Oracle
COLUMN ROWLABEL FORMAT A15
-- Used for the SHOW ERRORS command
COLUMN LINE/COL FORMAT A8
COLUMN ERROR    FORMAT A65 WORD_WRAPPED
-- Used for the SHOW SGA command
COLUMN name_col_plus_show_sga FORMAT a24
COLUMN units_col_plus_show_sga FORMAT a15
-- Defaults for SHOW PARAMETERS
COLUMN name_col_plus_show_param FORMAT a36 HEADING NAME
COLUMN value_col_plus_show_param FORMAT a30 HEADING VALUE
-- Defaults for SHOW RECYCLEBIN
COLUMN origname_plus_show_recyc   FORMAT a16 HEADING 'ORIGINAL NAME'
COLUMN objectname_plus_show_recyc FORMAT a30 HEADING 'RECYCLEBIN NAME'
COLUMN objtype_plus_show_recyc    FORMAT a12 HEADING 'OBJECT TYPE'
COLUMN droptime_plus_show_recyc   FORMAT a19 HEADING 'DROP TIME'
-- Defaults for SET AUTOTRACE EXPLAIN report
COLUMN id_plus_exp FORMAT 990 HEADING i
COLUMN parent_id_plus_exp FORMAT 990 HEADING p
COLUMN plan_plus_exp FORMAT a60
COLUMN object_node_plus_exp FORMAT a8
COLUMN other_tag_plus_exp FORMAT a29
COLUMN other_plus_exp FORMAT a44
[oracle@dvsrvr13 ~]$ So in all, I'm just perplexed by the differences.
--=cfI'm not surprised that SQL*Plus from the Unix database server is going to have session-level settings that match the instance-level settings because there is probably nothing set in the Unix environment that would override the instance-level settings. There is probably no NLS_LANG or NLS_DATE_FORMAT set as environment variables and probably no central place to look for regional settings. Most applications, particularly Windows and Java apps, are going to have multiple places to look for that sort of information.
Justin

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I am using Discoverer 9.0.2.
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SQL*PLUS and PL/SQL

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