St02 - Swaps in Red( Common but complicated)
Hello Friends,
I am using SAP Netweaver 2004s, SAP_BASIS - 700, OS - Windows NT 6.1, DB- MSSQL 8.00.194.
In Tcode- ST02 i found many red alers while swapping. however many entires have hit ratio of 99% hopefully this can be ignored. please correct me if i am wrong. but 2 entries have less hit ratio the details are given below
Initial records 62.77 12,625 10,894 90.78 5,000 1,076 21.52 3,506 7,430
Initial record buffer IRBD
rsdb/ntab/irbdsize 12000 kB Size of initial record buffer
rsdb/ntab/entrycount 20000 Max. number / 2 of initial records buffered
Single record 73.95 20,000 4,494 22.63 500 375 75.00 1,033 , 824,053
Single record table buffer TABLP
rtbb/buffer_length 20000 kB Size of single record table buffer
rtbb/max_tables 500 Max. number of buffered tables
My Question is on what basis i can change this parameters? should i increase or decrease the parameter? how to find out exact digit of the profile parameters?
Thanks,
Shwetha
Hi Shwetha,
The number of swaps you get per day is more relevant than the total number in ST02,
which is the swaps since the last system start.
Double click each line and then click the history button to see how many you get per day
The swap values you have don't seem that large if the machine has been up a few days.
You could try adding more to the single record buffer - perhaps double it.
We have always had a low hit rate in all our systems for the initial record buffer.
I have given up worrying about it.
Tony
Edited by: Tony Morrissey on Jul 8, 2010 1:58 PM
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Hi all,
When i checked the swaps in st02 it is showing as red.What to do plz.Should i change the parameters.
Buffer Hitratio Allocated Free space Dir. size Free directory Swaps Database
[%] [kB] [kB] [%] Entries Entries [%] accesses
Nametab (NTAB)
Table definition 96.10 7,151 0 0.00 30,000 0 0.00 159,968 385,089
Field description 96.55 32,344 5,702 19.01 30,000 21,404 71.35 254,965 263,737
Short NTAB 99.74 3,438 2,137 85.48 7,500 5,803 77.37 0 1,697
Initial records 96.18 5,438 177 3.93 7,500 654 8.72 96,328 103,175
Program 93.68 500,000 1,322 0.28 125,000 111,378 89.10 161,705 626,010
CUA 99.94 8,000 4,836 70.38 4,000 3,475 86.88 0 530
Screen 99.86 25,391 18,314 72.89 4,500 4,016 89.24 0 516
Calendar 100.00 488 394 82.08 200 95 47.50 0 105
OTR 100.00 4,096 3,531 100.00 2,000 2,000 100.00 0 0
Tables
Generic key 99.99 99,023 9,072 9.44 13,000 998 7.68 12 59,612
Single record 97.10 100,000 75,927 76.12 1,000 876 87.60 0 171,530
Export/import 66.42 20,000 11,764 81.85 20,000 18,587 92.94 0 0
Exp./Imp. SHM 16.95 4,096 3,490 98.84 2,000 1,999 99.95 0 0Hi Ambarish,
These are the values which u can take as reference
rsdb/ntab/entrycount 30000
rsdb/ntab/irbdsize 4000
rsdb/ntab/sntabsize 2500
rsdb/cua/buffersize 5000
sap/bufdir_entries 10000
zcsa/table_buffer_area 50000000
zcsa/db_max_buftab 10000
rtbb/buffer_length 30000
rtbb/max_tables 500
Release 4.0/4.5:
rsdb/obj/buffersize 4096 (kB)
rsdb/obj/max_objects 5000 (buffer entries)
rsdb/obj/large_object_size 8192 (Byte)
As of Release 4.6:
rsdb/obj/buffersize 20000 (kB)
rsdb/obj/max_objects 20000
rsdb/obj/large_object_size 8192 (Byte)
extend the buffers to 30 -40% this may help you
Regards'
Zia -
R/s All,
In my Production Server (ECC6DB2 v.9.1Win2k3x64 with 40 GB of physical memory) when i perform st02 the field definition,initial records,program,CUA,generic key,export/import,buffer shows value RED under the swap category. Current memory parameters values are as follows. Kindly help us to reslove the problme.
ztta/roll_area - 6500000
ztta/roll_first - 1
ztta/short_area- 4000000
rdisp/ROLL_SHM- 32768
rdisp/PG_SHM - 49152
rdisp/PG_LOCAL - 150
em/initial_size_MB- 16285
em/blocksize_KB- 4096
em/address_space_MB- 4096
ztta/roll_extension - 2000000000
abap/heap_area_dia- 2000000000
abap/heap_area_nondia- 0
abap/heap_area_total- 12881756160
abap/heaplimit - 40000000
regards,
VMA red field in ST02 is NOT necessarily a problem. If you have performance problems and you can link them to buffer issues THEN it is a problem.
The only productive systems i have seen so far with no red buffers at all were either not having much activity or the setup was wasting hundreds mb of memory. I recommend to consider the hit ratio as well. If for example your program buffer is above 99%, there is no need to further increase it.
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ST02 SWAPS reported what does that mean.
Hi Team,
In ST02 of one of the system all the apps I see many SWAPS column with value and in red color, what it mean
program, swaps with 11,349
generic key with 68
single record with 1,002
Thanks
VijayHi,
ST02 is the buffer monitor that offers instance specific information that provides:
1. status of different buffers instance wise
2. information on memory usage instance wise
3. information on table buffering at instance level
Swapping takes place for two reasons:
1. not enough 'free space left' in buffer for buffering new objects
2. buffer has run ouf of 'free directory entries' that can be contained in one buffer area *
Directory entries diminish the available size of the buffer, independent of their usage.
Swaps are to be avoided, as are all other situations leading to lines shown in red in the ST02 display.
Please note that Buffer swaps occur when buffer content is deleted from the buffer and is replaced by other content. It has no relation at all to the swapping mechanism on OS level.
An example with a more practical outlook to swapping observed:
Use transactions SM50, ST03N and ST02 to identify the problem.
a. Using SM50 you might find high number of work processes accessing tables related to ABAP sources and status as 'Load Program'. This hints to a problem with Program [PXA] buffer.
b. In transaction ST03N, you find unusually high 'load and generation time' causing even higher wait times. Threshold for load and generation time is typically 50 ms.
c. In buffer monitor i.e. ST02, you find many swaps [typically more than 10000 swaps happening per day for program buffer]. Check on hit ratio [value below 95% is typically poor]. This indicates problem. Program buffer could be small!!
If program buffer is small, it means that workprocesses require to reload program loads over and over again which causes bad system performance.
Resolution: Increase program buffer size/ check on load and generation times/ hit-ratio increases/ system response time also lowers down!! : )
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Shabnam. -
How clean export/import (st02) swaps?
Hi
We are facing a big problem in PRD environment, point is, very low PRD time performance and users need to work; checking on ST02 systems shows Buffers "Export/Import" swaps values high ( red ), We were wondering if exists a T/C which help us to clean buffers?
Thanks your help!!!Hugo, (tu hablas español, si es asi hay un foro en español tambien)
The low performance issue is not just a problem in swaps, remember something, they are cumulative so if your system is up from a long time ago, then is normal that ST02 shows swaps, how high depends on hits to the buffers, how is the hit ratios for the buffers with red swaps?
If you take down SAP and start it again swaps will disappear.
If you are experiencing performance problems then it is better to take a look at the ST03N, there you could see if problems are in DB, Network, Presentation server (PC with SAPGUI), process time, etc and there you can narrow the problem.
Did the server was working right and then turned slow from some time ago? or
did you do an upgrade to ECC 6.0? or
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is only when executing some transactions/jobs?
With more info we can help you more... -
Hi Folks,
As per daily monotioring in ST02 i am getting swaps.Can any body advice me .Tunning the buffers is one solutiion i know this.but i am facing the problem daily .
My Environmet:
SAP--ECC6
DB-ORACLE-10.2.0.2.0
OS- AIX5.Hi,
When a buffer has not sufficient free-space or free directories, it has to swap objects out of the buffer in order to load a new object on request. The column Swap shows how many objects have been swapped out since system start-up.
Along with the useful suggestions provided by Raghu, I would do the following analysis to optimize the swaps by keeping in mind that "the performance optimization is an on going process".
1. Analyze the Hit Ratio and Swap Counts of each memory components in ST02. Prepare and Excel Sheet and note down the memory components which are required special attention for the performance of the system
e.g. If your PXA buffer is having more than 95% hit ration, but its showing more than 20000 swaps per day then you need to re-size it to reduce the swaps
2. Analyze the concurrent & active User Access to the SAP System and the workload.
3. Compare the existing Memory parameter and other dependent parameter settings (with respect to SAP system(s), Database and OS) with the recommendation suggested by SAP official Documents (Inst Guide, SAP Notes, etc..).
3. By keeping in mind the available RAM and SWAP Space, step-by-step, Increase the space value of affected Memory components by 10% to 20% of Existing settings.
4. If the System is configured with more work processes of same types and the all are not used at all even during peak workload (of month or of week or of year), then decrease the counts of work processes to reduce the memory usage so that we can optimize other required memory parameters with more space.
5. If the System is having not enough resources to provide better performance due to resource bottlenecks, then One will prefer:
- to upgrade the H/W on existing SAP System host
- to install additional Application Server(s) (on other system with highly equipped H/W resources), to take the advantage of Log-on Load Balancing.
Please refer these SAP Notes:
Note 750205 - High memory usage with AIX5.2/5.3 and Oracle9.2
Note 425207 - SAP memory management, current parameter ranges
Note 830576 - Parameter recommendations for Oracle 10g,
Note 146289 - Parameter Recommendations for 64-Bit SAP Kernel
One more thing we are not taking Offline back up due to business need system continuous available.Please advice me
Perform Consistent Online Backup (Online Backup + Redo Log Backup) and frequent Archive Log Backup.
Regards,
Bhavik G. Shroff -
Dear Friends,
I am facing problem with SWAPS in ST02.I know the soloution like restarting the sytem/increasing the parametrers.Can any body help me in this issue with any other solution.i already restarted the system And one more thing is there any limit for swaps for each buffer.i am giving my PRD server swaps here.
Nametab (NTAB) swaps
Table definitio 1,342,725
Field definitio 910,742
Short NTAB
Initial records 970,789
program 2,527,221
CUA 3,473,889
Screen 119,352
Calendar
OTR
Tables
Generic Key 4,696
Single record 1,085
Export/import 11,735,724
Exp./ Imp. SHM
Thanks&Regards,
chaitanya.Hi Chaitanya,
The only way to control the amount of swaps the system produce is to fine tune the system parameters, a system restart only clear the existing ones but does not prevent swaps for happening...
is there any limit for swaps for each buffer
Nope, it will swap as many times as it needs to...
Can any body help me in this issue with any other solution?
As mention above the only solution is to tune your parameters and keep your kernel updated, small amount of swaps in ok, but excesive swaping it can go in detriment of your system performance.
I can tell you that 2,527,221 swaps in your program buffer simply means that its probably too small and so on... you'll have to spend time looking into it.
This is a well documented issue... search, research, read, test...
Regards
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