Start from scratch with multiple catalogues

I have just installed Lightroom 4 and want to get started by setting up more than one catalogue but I am not sure if you have to have one catalogue for every photo in addition to the separate catalogues I want for subsets of photos. Can I just go ahead and make several catalogues and sort my photos (which are on my hard drive) into them without making a catalogue that references every photo? Maybe it's a good idea to have one complete catalogue as well in order to make it easier to find that missing photo?Also I have read that it is a good idea to store catalogue files in a separate folder in the root, which appeals to my sense of organisation, but do I need to make separate sub-folders for my individual catalogues or can they just all go into the one folder? Can't wait to get started!
Thanks,
Nick

In my opinion, multiple catalogs is usually a bad idea, especially for beginners. It will lead to confusion, duplication of effort, and waste of time.
The only time I can envision using multiple catalogs is when you have totally non-overlapping subject matter, such as business and work.
The idea you are considering, a "full" catalog, and several sub-catalogs, is just extra work with no benefit. Furthermore, since Lightroom stores edits and metadata in its database, changes you make in one catalog are not reflected in the other catalog(s). Did I say extra work with no benefit? I think I meant extra work with no benefit and significant disadvantages. I'm sure if I wanted to, I could make a list of 10 disadvantages to multiple catalogs.
So, I recommend a single catalog for all your photos. Make your life as simple as possible. You lose nothing by using a single catalog. You can take advantage of Lightroom's capabilities (which are significant) to slice and dice your photos in many many ways, giving you "virtual sub-catalogs" whenever you need them, without the effort of creating and managing a sub-catalog.

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