Static and final modiers

Brief summary: I want to make the JButtons, JLabels, and JPanels public static final. Is that bad, and why? And what the heck is the Java system doing when it compiles and runs a program that does this? Is the code more efficient?
More questions below.....
I'm new to making GUI designs with Java. I am going to school and my teacher is making us do GUI interfaces in JAVA.
Early on, I learned that constants are identifiers similar to variables except that they holda particular value for the duration of their existence. QUESTION ONE: what happens during run-time, how does JAVA handle this constant?
I also learned that some methods may be invariant, as with a simple extension. These methods should be marked final. The subclass inherits both a madatory interface and a mandatory implementation. So I guess you use a final method when you want to model to a stric subtype relatinoship between two classes. All methods not marked final are fair game for re-implementation.
Well, that's good and well. So then I started thinking about static. That's a keyword in Java and when used with a variable, it's shared among all instances of a class. There is only one copy of a static variable for all objects of a class. So then again, I noticed that the programs in my book that used final usually threw in the word static before it. Memory space for a static variable is established when the class that contains it is referenced for the first time in a program.
Well, that too is great? Question 2: In my GUI programs, can I declare all the buttons (JButtons), labels (JLabels), panels (JPanels) as being final constant static?
In the program I don't intend to change the type of button, or JPanel so why not make it a constant? As long as I'm doing it, why not make it static? WHAT IS ACTUALLY GOING ON THEN IN MY PROGRAM WHEN I DO THIS?
Question 3: What goes on in JAVA when I make a method or function public static final. Is that what the Math class does? How is that handled during run-time? Is the code faster? Is it more efficient?
Question 4: If I make a class final, that means a subclass cannot extend it? Or does it mean that a subclasss cannot change it? I know that if the function or method in the parent class was final, then the subclass inherits both a madatory interface and a mandatory implementation....So if the class is final, then what?

Final makes a variable a constant. You can not change the variable once it has been initialized. A final method cannot be overridden in subclasses. So I would not make any button or menu item final unless you never want to change it. Final should be used to protect data. I don't believe there is a performance difference if they are used.
Static variables exsist only once. So if you have a class with a static variable and create several instances of that class the static variable will be the same in all of them.
Again data protection. Static variables are useful but a pain to use. I don't think there is a performance advantage with using them.

Similar Messages

  • Static and final keyword questions

    Brief summary: I want to make the JButtons, JLabels, and JPanels public static final. Is that bad, and why? And what the heck is the Java system doing when it compiles and runs a program that does this? Is the code more efficient?
    More questions below.....
    I'm new to making GUI designs with Java. I am going to school and my teacher is making us do GUI interfaces in JAVA.
    Early on, I learned that constants are identifiers similar to variables except that they holda particular value for the duration of their existence. QUESTION ONE: what happens during run-time, how does JAVA handle this constant?
    I also learned that some methods may be invariant, as with a simple extension. These methods should be marked final. The subclass inherits both a madatory interface and a mandatory implementation. So I guess you use a final method when you want to model to a stric subtype relatinoship between two classes. All methods not marked final are fair game for re-implementation.
    Well, that's good and well. So then I started thinking about static. That's a keyword in Java and when used with a variable, it's shared among all instances of a class. There is only one copy of a static variable for all objects of a class. So then again, I noticed that the programs in my book that used final usually threw in the word static before it. Memory space for a static variable is established when the class that contains it is referenced for the first time in a program.
    Well, that too is great? Question 2: In my GUI programs, can I declare all the buttons (JButtons), labels (JLabels), panels (JPanels) as being final constant static?
    In the program I don't intend to change the type of button, or JPanel so why not make it a constant? As long as I'm doing it, why not make it static? WHAT IS ACTUALLY GOING ON THEN IN MY PROGRAM WHEN I DO THIS?
    Question 3: What goes on in JAVA when I make a method or function public static final. Is that what the Math class does? How is that handled during run-time? Is the code faster? Is it more efficient?
    Question 4: If I make a class final, that means a subclass cannot extend it? Or does it mean that a subclasss cannot change it? I know that if the function or method in the parent class was final, then the subclass inherits both a madatory interface and a mandatory implementation....So if the class is final, then what?

    You have a lot of questions..
    You make a method final if it should not be allowed for subclasses to override it.
    If you make a class final, you will not be able to subclass that class.
    A static method is a class method, i.e. you don't need to create an instance of the class to call the method.
    You can make any object and primitive final, but for objects, you are still able to modify what is inside the object (if there is anything you can and are allowed to modify), you just can't change the final reference to point to another object.
    When you make a variable final, you sometimes make them static as well if they should work like constants. Because there is no reason that every instance of the class has their own copy of constants.
    If you make everything static, why even bother to work with object-oriented programming. It gives you no reason to make instances of your classes. You should try not to make static variables and methods when there is no need for it. Just because you start from a static main method, it doesn't mean it is necessary to make all variables and methods static.
    Don't think so much about performance issues as long as you are still learning java. When you make a method final, it is possible for a compiler to inline that method from where you call the method, but you will hardly gain much in performance with that. In most cases it's better to optimize the code you have created yourself, e.g. look at the code you run inside loops and see if you can optimize that.

  • HV30 24p 30p and Final Cut Pro

    Hi I am planning on buying a Canon HV30 in about 2 to 3 weeks.
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    Question 5: What capture settings should I use for 60i?
    Question 6: Should I use ProRes or is the HDV the actual tape format. And which is better?
    Question 7: What should the settings be set to on log and capture?
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    Another thing to bear in mind is that you should not believe automatically what others tell you however qualified they are!
    What suits them and their equipment etc. may not be best for you.
    You should always test everything yourself.
    To test a technique you only need to shoot a minute or so of video, capture it, slap in a couple of transitions and effects and burn to DVD. I keep some re-writable DVDs specifically for testing as I can use them over and over again.
    Make sure your minute of video contains static and moving shots together with camera pans.
    This is essential to spot problems because a static shot may produce a beautiful result on a DVD whilst a moving one may be full of jitter and judder all caused by your camera setting, editing methods or DVD burning.
    A test like I have outlined can go from shooting to DVD in under 15 minutes.
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  • Actual Benefits of final methods and final parameters

    I know that a lot of this depends on the JVM and the actual code, but I was wondering what the actual real world advantage was of using final methods and final parameters.
    I use a business and data layer for my program to interact with the database. So all of the methods in these classes are public and static. I was just wondering if it would be benefical to make all of these methods final and all of the parameters final also. I won't ever be making subclasses of these classes, so is this worth doing?
    Thanks,
    Dave Johansen

    On the point of final, this should always be a design decision. That is, does it make sense to allow your class to be overridden? Making classes and/or methods final is a big barrier to future enhancements and extendability - so only make soemthing final if you haver a specific reason for doing so.
    Any performance issues should not take a high precedence in this decision - and in any case the difference in making something final will be non-existant for all practical purposes.
    How about volatile?
    I get the meaning of synchronized but
    volatile?Volatile is a keyword that tells the JVM it can't optimize / inline serctions of code that use certain variables. You may not realise it, but the JVM takes your bytecode and chops them up and re-arranges them at runtime, to boost performance. This can sometimes have dangerous consequences in a mutlithreaded environment, so by adding the volatile keyword you are saying to the JVM (or specifically HotSpot) not to perform any "code magic".
    Here's a simple example:
    public class TestClass {
        private boolean check = false;
        public void setTrue(){
            check = true;
        public void check(){
            check = false;
            if(check){
                System.out.println("Will this ever print?");
    }Obviously the string will never print in a single threaded environment. However, in a multithreaded environment, is is possible that a thread could call setTrue() between another thread setting the value to false and performing the if() check. The point is that due to runtime optimization, Hotspot may realise that check is always false, so completely remove the code section with the if block. so regardless of the value of the boolean, the code may never be entered.
    One solution is to declare the boolean check as volatile. This tells the JVM that such optimizations are not allowed and then it is entirely possible for the string to be printed.
    One curiousity, off-topic:
    is there a way for jvms instantiations to see each
    other?Have you looked into RMI?

  • Video is static and jumpy after burning disc

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  • Difference between String and final String

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    What is the difference between String and final String? Means
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  • I'm new to working with soundtrack and final cut simultaneously?

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  • I wrote a 27 chap. book on my iMac from ****. B4 I was completely finished, I spent hundreds of hours on-line and in store, and final answer after atty was involved was 1) we've never seen it b4 2) we don't know what it is 3) it's not ur harddrive, softw

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  • Credit Management: Difference Between Static and Dynamic Credit Check

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    Hi Tanish,
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  • Disconnecting Line and Final Bill

    I had been a loyal Verizon Wireless customer since 2008. I
    was on a share plan with my wife and my brother, and I would pay the bill each
    month which was about $160 for the three of us each month. I never missed one
    single payment. Well the 3 of us decided to switch to
    US Cellular. My brother’s wife had already been there, and they had these new
    phones for a penny and it was time as we’ve had these same phones for 5 years
    almost now, we were out of contract, and I had a work discount through US Cellular. So.......
    February 22, 2014 the three of us went over to US cellular
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    number switched without a problem. However, my wife, who’s number was from a
    different region could not be switched, we needed to get her a new number.
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    Well sure enough around March 1st, the next bill
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    me to look at the billing date. The cycle was from January 15th to
    February 15th on the bill that is due by March 10th. Well
    we switched phones on February 22nd, so it made sense to me that
    this bill didn’t reflect the few days of February 16- 22nd but
    rather the previous full month from January 15th up until February 15th.
    So far so good, I just misunderstood the bill cycle date.
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    the phones since February 22nd, and they’re all disconnected now,
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    then wait for the next bill cycle to come available which wouldn’t happen until after
    March 10th for that last billing cycle which would  reflect those few days of, Feb 16- Feb. 22nd.
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    days or so.  I said that’s too bad I can’t
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    go online in a few days and pay it  and
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    we’ll go online about that and pay the rest; just a few dollars per line.
    The rep butts in, “yeah, about that sir, once you disconnect
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    will have to call us to pay. I’m thinking aww man, another inconvenience, but
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    Well, a week later a couple days before March 10th
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    one of their centers was down). She apologized for the delay, took my payment,
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    something something and pay the last bill through the automated phone system and be
    done. I said okay
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    lines.  But no, the bill is $120. That's almost
    3/4 of the price of all three of our phones for an entire month.  I was thinking something must be wrong, unless they didn't prorate the bill in which case the whole month (which would be a rip off) would be $160 like usual but why all this confusion? I was hoping to just use the automated bill
    pay via phone to pay for those 6 days in the last cycle and be done with it forever but no, now I have to call the
    company AGAIN to figure out all of this. What happened next was a nightmare!
    I called and spoke with a rep asking why the outrageous
    price for just a few days of service on those lines. She puts me on hold and
    looks into it. She comes back and says my wife’s line was never disconnected. I
    said you have to be kidding me; I’ve called in to disconnect it initially and
    then even called back w/ questions on how the last bill works and everything
    after we disconnect the lines. You can even see that no data or minutes were ever used on
    any of those 3 lines since Feb. 22nd. She answers, yes sir I see
    that, let me place you back on hold. Okay I figure she’s going to check this
    out.  She comes back again, well sir I
    see you called a couple times  but I don’t see that you requested to disconnect your wife’s
    line. WHAT?! I thought. Why else would I originally call? US Cellular was right and told me specifically told me to do this the very next day and I did! AND THEN I ALSO EVEN CALLED BACK LATER AFTER THE NEXT BILL CAME CONFIRMING ALL THE LINES WERE DISCONNECTED AND HAD QUESTIONS ON HOW I LEAVE VERIZON AND WHAT MY FINAL PAYMENT WOULD BE!   And why was my
    account access to pay my bill online turned off (I did try to go online to see
    if I could pay the last bill and I was no longer to go online) if my wife's line was never disconnected? This is getting
    nuts. She placed me on hold again and returns, okay sir, this is what I’m going
    to do. I’m going to suspend her line today and then you can call back tomorrow
    to disconnect it.  Then you can pay off the last payment on the next bill cycle.
    At this point my blood is boiling, was this a joke. I should
    not have to call back again, this should have been disconnected weeks ago! and
    you can see nothing has been used on those phones. I told her this is the last bill cycle and  I’m not calling
    back and we need to get this disconnected today and that bill lowered to its
    fair amount.  She places me on hold again
    and comes back and tells me she had overridden something and got the line disconnected
    today and she was going to take $40 off my phone bill.
    At this point I’m like finally, but an hour later and now my
    phone bill is $70 for the three phones that we used for 6 days!!  I said 6 days is about 1/5th of the
    month. If our final bill is reflecting only the days of the month we used it
    should be more like 1/5 the price of our original monthly bill which was $160. which would be more like $32, not $70. I had to explain some of the simple math to her and she
    goes on to push about how the line was active and such, and I said but that
    wasn’t my fault you didn’t disconnect it and this is not a fair final bill for
    6 days of usage!!  She put me on hold yet
    again and finally came back and said I’m going to take off another $40 from the
    bill but it will need approval from my supervisor which will take 2 business
    days. If and when she approves it, you will get the final bill in the mail for
    the $120 minus an $85 credit. FINALLY!!!
    I wasn’t even looking for something free, I just wanted a
    fair final bill after I’ve taken the time to call to disconnect my wife’s line
    and understand how the final bill works and everything. No one should have to
    go through this and spend hours on the phone trying to understand how the
    process works so you don’t get duped and then end up getting duped anyway and
    having to spend more time to fix that. It was a big rip-off and extremely frustrating.
    Telling me the line’s not disconnected but taking away online bill pay, and the
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    bills when leaving Verizon Wireless. Needless to say, I’m never going back to
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