StreamTokenizer code: Don't understand.

Can anyone explain in dumbass language what is going on here? I mean, I know the end result, but I don't exactly understand what is going on. Little help?
char separator = ',';
StreamTokenizer tokenizer = new StreamTokenizer(new BufferedReader(new StringReader(str)));
tokenizer.resetSyntax();
tokenizer.wordChars('\u0000', (char)(separator -1));    // Everything is a word character.
tokenizer.wordChars((char)(separator + 1), '\u00ff');    // except for the separator.The first two lines are just there to give you a sense of context. :) My main problem is the three calls to the tokenizer methods. What on earth is going on there?
Thanks for any help. :)

char separator = ',';
StreamTokenizer tokenizer = new StreamTokenizer(new
BufferedReader(new StringReader(str)));
tokenizer.resetSyntax();All characters are "regular" for this tokenizer--none are considered "word" or "number" or "whitespace" characters.
tokenizer.wordChars('\u0000', (char)(separator -1));
// Everything is a word character. Everything from character 0 up to, but not including, the comma character is considered a "word" character.
tokenizer.wordChars((char)(separator + 1), '\u00ff');
// except for the separator.Everything after the comma, up to character 0x00ff is also a "word" character.The docs for StreamTokenizer say it can be used to break a stream up into words, numbers, comments, etc. We've defined that a comma is "ordindary" and everything else (up to char 255) is part of a word.

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  • Wrong codes? or maybe I don't understand the instructions

    The instructions said "Write a procedure that will retrieve an
    existing record in Enrollment usiing the student and section Ids
    and set the grade to a specified value. (use update instead of
    insert) and write another procedure that will assign a given
    student a given advisor" I tried but cause I got a lot of
    errors!!! any help would be appreciated just email me at
    [email protected]. thanks!
    create sequence room_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence faculty_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence student_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence section_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence enrollment_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence room_section_seq increment by 1;
    create table course(
    courseNo varchar2(10),
    name varchar2(30),
    credits number,
    constraint course_pk primary key (courseNo));
    insert into course (courseNo, name, credits) values
    ('CIS405','ADVANCED DATABASE', 5);
    insert into course (courseNo, name, credits) values
    ('CIS349','INTRO TO DATABASE', 5);
    COMMIT;
    create table room(
    roomID number,
    bldg char(1) check (bldg IN ('A','B')),
    roomNo varchar2(10),
    maxCapacity number,
    style varchar2(15) check(style IN
    ('LECTURE','LECTURE/LAB','LAB','OFFICE')),
    constraint room_pk primary key (roomID));
    insert into room (roomID, bldg, roomNo, maxCapacity, style)
    values (room_seq.nextval, 'B', '151A', 50, 'LAB');
    insert into room (roomID, bldg, roomNo, maxCapacity, style)
    values (room_seq.nextval, 'B', '151B', 50, 'LAB');
    commit;
    create table faculty(
    facultyID number,
    lname varchar2(30) not null,
    fname varchar2(20) not null,
    dept varchar2(5),
    officeID number,
    phone varchar2(15),
    email varchar2(75),
    rank char(4) check(rank IN ('INST','ASOC','ASST','FULL','SENR')),
    constraint faculty_pk primary key (facultyID),
    constraint faculty_fk foreign key (officeID) references room
    (roomID));
    insert into faculty(facultyID, lname, fname, dept, officeID,
    phone, email, rank) values
    (faculty_seq.nextval, 'CANNON', 'AMY', 'CIS',
    6, '77052149003252', '[email protected]','FULL');
    commit;
    create table equipment(
    equipmentID varchar2(30),
    roomID number,
    type varchar2(20) check(type IN('OVERHEAD PROJECTOR','PORTABLE
    PROJECTOR','LAPTOP CONNECTION','DESKTOP COMPUTER','INTERNET
    CONNECTION')),
    constraint equipment_pk primary key (equipmentID),
    constraint equipment_fk foreign key (roomID) references room
    (roomID));
    INSERT INTO EQUIPMENT (EQUIPMENTID, ROOMID, TYPE) VALUES ('111',
    5, 'DESKTOP COMPUTER');
    INSERT INTO EQUIPMENT (EQUIPMENTID, ROOMID, TYPE) VALUES ('222',
    5, 'OVERHEAD PROJECTOR');
    commit;
    create table student(
    stuID number,
    lname varchar2(30),
    fname varchar2(20),
    street varchar2(100),
    city varchar2(60),
    state char(2),
    zip varchar2(9),
    major varchar2(5) check(major IN
    ('ACCT','ECT','EET','BIS','BSIT','CIS','TCOM')),
    standing varchar2(10) check(standing IN
    ('FRESHMAN','SOPHOMORE','JUNIOR','SENIOR')),
    gpa number(3,2),
    advisor number,
    constraint student_pk primary key (stuID),
    constraint student_FK foreign key (advisor) references faculty
    (facultyID));
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'SMITH', 'HEATHER', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.8,
    2);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'ELLIOTT', 'DAVE', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.65,
    2);
    commit;
    create table section(
    sectionID number,
    sectionNo char(1),
    courseNo varchar2(10),
    facultyID number,
    term char(4),
    curSize number,
    maxSize number,
    constraint section_pk primary key (sectionID),
    constraint section_course_fk foreign key (courseNo) references
    course(courseNo),
    constraint section_faculty_fk foreign key (facultyID) references
    faculty(facultyID));
    INSERT INTO SECTION (SECTIONID, SECTIONNO, COURSENO, FACULTYID,
    TERM, CURSIZE, MAXSIZE)
    VALUES (SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'T', 'CIS405', 1, '1001', 17, 30);
    INSERT INTO SECTION (SECTIONID, SECTIONNO, COURSENO, FACULTYID,
    TERM, CURSIZE, MAXSIZE)
    VALUES (SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'G', 'CIS405', 2, '1001', 24, 30);
    commit;
    create table enrollment(
    stuSectionID number,
    stuID number,
    sectionID number,
    grade char(1) check(grade IN('A','B','C','D','F','I','W')),
    constraint enrollment_pk primary key (stuSectionID),
    constraint enrollment_stu_fk foreign key (stuID) references
    student(stuID),
    constraint enrollment_section_fk foreign key (sectionID)
    references section(sectionID));
    INSERT INTO ENROLLMENT (STUSECTIONID, STUID, SECTIONID) VALUES
    (ENROLLMENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 3, 1);
    INSERT INTO ENROLLMENT (STUSECTIONID, STUID, SECTIONID) VALUES
    (ENROLLMENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 3, 8);
    commit;
    create table room_section(
    roomSectionID number,
    sectionID number,
    roomID number,
    day char(3) check(day IN
    ('MON','TUE','WED','THU','FRI','SAT','SUN')),
    hour date,
    term char(4),
    constraint room_section_pk primary key (roomSectionID),
    constraint room_section_section_fk foreign key (sectionID)
    references section(sectionID),
    constraint room_section_room_fk foreign key (roomID) references
    room(roomID));
    INSERT INTO ROOM_SECTION (ROOMSECTIONID, SECTIONID, ROOMID, DAY,
    HOUR, TERM)
    VALUES (ROOM_SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 1, 3, 'MON', TO_DATE('9:30
    AM', 'HH:MI AM'), '1001');
    INSERT INTO ROOM_SECTION (ROOMSECTIONID, SECTIONID, ROOMID, DAY,
    HOUR, TERM)
    VALUES (ROOM_SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 1, 3, 'MON', TO_DATE('10:30
    AM', 'HH:MI AM'), '1001');
    commit;
    SQL> DESC ENROLLMENT
    Name Null? Type
    STUSECTIONID NOT NULL NUMBER
    STUID NUMBER
    SECTIONID NUMBER
    GRADE CHAR(1)
    SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE Enrollment(
    2 p_grade IN CHAR(1),
    3 IS
    4 v_stuid NUMBER,
    5 v_sectionid NUMBER;
    6 BEGIN
    7 SELECT student_seq.NEXTVAL
    8 INTO v_stuid
    9 FROM DUAL;
    10 UPDATE student
    11 (stuid,
    12 sectionid,
    13 grade,
    14 SET (v_stuid,
    15 v_sectionid,
    16 UPPER (p_grade),
    17 COMMIT;
    18 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Student added');
    19 EXCEPTION
    20 WHEN OTHERS THEN
    21 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('An error occurred');
    22 END AddStudent;
    23 /
    I got those errors like above!!! I don't understand what the
    instructions said. any assistance would be appreciated!

    David,
    I am afraid that the
    EXCEPTION
    WHEN OTHERS THEN
    DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('An error occurred');
    was my fault. I had intended it as an example to provide only
    minimal syntax where no exception handling whatsoever previously
    existed. Beau is a student and I am trying to guide him in the
    right direction without just writing all of it for him. In
    fact, I am afraid I may have already provided too much code
    without sufficient explanation. For you and others who may wish
    to help, here are the e-mails that provide the background on how
    we got to this point, with the most recent on top, starting with
    the last resonse I sent to him:
    Things that are wrong:
    The instructions say to be sure to use the sequence number for
    the student's ID, so you should not have p_stuID as an input
    parameter. Instead you should create a variable and select the
    student_seq.nextval into the variable from the dual table and
    use that value to populate the stuid column.
    Your input parameters should only have the variable type, not
    the size, so just use varchar2 and number.
    The check constraints only belong in the script that is used to
    create the table, not in your procedure with your input
    parameters, so remove them from the procedure.
    The order and number of your columns you are inserting into and
    values you are inserting must match, so if you insert into fname
    then lname, you need to insert the values p_fname then p_lname.
    You must either have first name then last name in both or last
    name then first name in both, not one way in one and the other
    way in the other.
    The idea is that when you execute the procedure you specify the
    values of the input parameter variable, then use those input
    parameter variables to insert the values into the table. You
    should not be specifying any specific values anywhere in your
    procedure. In other words don't insert 'HEATHER', instead
    insert fname, and so on.
    You should only have one insert statement. Each time the
    procedure is executed, a different set of values will be
    provided, and the same insert statement will be used.
    Additional suggestions:
    Although it is not required, since IN is the default, it is
    generally considered to be a good programming practice to use IN
    with your input parameters. It just makes the code easier to
    read and understand. As you write other code, you will learn to
    use OUT for output parameters and IN OUT for parameters that are
    both input and output parameters.
    It is generally recommended to store all data in upper case,
    that is capital letters, so that it is easier to index and
    search and avoid duplicates and so on. In order to ensure that
    your data is input in upper case, it is a good idea to use the
    UPPER function.
    Different programmers and companies have different standards
    that they use for capitalization, indentation, spacing,
    alignment, and so forth to make their code uniform and easier to
    read. You may want to look at some various styles and see what
    you like or ask what your instructor recommends.
    You should add some sort of exception handling section. For
    example, if someone attempts to insert a value for standing that
    isn't acceptable, then the procedure will fail due to the
    constraints and the student will not be added. You probably
    want to display some sort of message to the user. You might
    also want to display a message if the input is successful.
    When you attempt to compile your program and you receive a
    message that says "Warning: Procedure created with compilation
    errors." or some such thing, then from the SQL> prompt, type
    SHOW ERRORS and it will list the error message number, a brief
    description of the problem, and the line of code that the
    problem occurred on. You can then type LIST and it will list
    the code with line numbers, so that you can tell what line
    number the error message is referring to.
    In the following example, I have fixed the things that were
    wrong, formatted it the way I usually do, and added minimal
    exception handling and messages. There is a lot more that you
    could do. I have also demonstrated how the program can be
    tested and the results of proper input and improper input. In
    the example below, two students are added correctly, then an
    attempt to add another fails because the standing is not valid
    and violates a check constraint, because graduate is not
    acceptable. After each execution of the procedure, I have
    queried the table, so that you can see what was added and what
    was not.
    SQL> CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE AddStudent
    2 (p_fname IN VARCHAR2,
    3 p_lname IN VARCHAR2,
    4 p_major IN VARCHAR2,
    5 p_standing IN VARCHAR2,
    6 p_gpa IN NUMBER)
    7 IS
    8 v_stuid NUMBER;
    9 BEGIN
    10 SELECT student_seq.NEXTVAL
    11 INTO v_stuid
    12 FROM DUAL;
    13
    14 INSERT INTO student
    15 (stuid,
    16 fname,
    17 lname,
    18 major,
    19 standing,
    20 gpa)
    21 VALUES (v_stuid,
    22 UPPER (p_fname),
    23 UPPER (p_lname),
    24 UPPER (p_major),
    25 UPPER (p_standing),
    26 p_gpa);
    27
    28 COMMIT;
    29 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('Student added');
    30 EXCEPTION
    31 WHEN OTHERS THEN
    32 DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE ('An error occurred');
    33 END AddStudent;
    34 /
    Procedure created.
    SQL> COLUMN fname FORMAT A15
    SQL> COLUMN lname FORMAT A15
    SQL> SELECT stuid, fname, lname, major, standing, gpa
    2 FROM student
    3 /
    no rows selected
    SQL> SET SERVEROUTPUT ON
    SQL> EXEC AddStudent ('HEATHER', 'SMITH', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.8)
    Student added
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
    SQL> SELECT stuid, fname, lname, major, standing, gpa
    2 FROM student
    3 /
    STUID FNAME LNAME MAJOR
    STANDING GPA
    1 HEATHER SMITH CIS
    JUNIOR 3.8
    SQL> EXEC AddStudent ('Dave', 'Elliott', 'CIS', 'junior', 3.65)
    Student added
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
    SQL> SELECT stuid, fname, lname, major, standing, gpa
    2 FROM student
    3 /
    STUID FNAME LNAME MAJOR
    STANDING GPA
    1 HEATHER SMITH CIS
    JUNIOR 3.8
    2 DAVE ELLIOTT CIS
    JUNIOR 3.65
    SQL> EXEC AddStudent ('KARL', 'WEBSTER', 'CIS', 'GRADUATE', 3.2)
    An error occurred
    PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.
    SQL> SELECT stuid, fname, lname, major, standing, gpa
    2 FROM student
    3 /
    STUID FNAME LNAME MAJOR
    STANDING GPA
    1 HEATHER SMITH CIS
    JUNIOR 3.8
    2 DAVE ELLIOTT CIS
    JUNIOR 3.65
    SQL>
    I am going home now. Sometimes I get a chance to respond to my
    e-mail daily and sometimes I may not get to it for a week. It
    is better if you post your questions on one of the forums where
    you may get more rapid responses from many people. I have
    provided links to some forums that I browse below. If you have
    internet access, you should be able to just click on them. Some
    may require you to register, but they are all free.
    The following is a link to the Oracle Technology Network forums,
    hosted by Oracle Corporation, where I recommend the SQL and
    PL/SQL discussions.
    http://forums.oracle.com/forums/homepage.jsp
    The following is a link to the PL/SQL forums of the REVEALNET
    site, where noted author Steven Feuerstein is one of the SYSOPS,
    where, for you, I recommend the "Beginner PL/SQL Developer
    Questions" discussions.
    http://PIPETALK.REVEALNET.COM/~PLSQL/LOGIN
    The following is a link to another forum, where I recommend the
    RDBMS, SQL, PL/SQL discussions.
    http://www.orafans.com/cgi-bin/orafans/ubb/Ultimate.cgi?
    action=intro
    I would still like to know where you got my e-mail address, what
    class you are taking, who your instructor is, and so forth.
    Please do let me know.
    Good luck,
    Barbara
    -----Original Message-----
    From:     bseo.ga [SMTP:[email protected]]
    Sent:     Wednesday, December 19, 2001 12:19 AM
    To:     Boehmer, Barbara A.
    Subject:     Re: PL/SQL
    Importance:     High
    what is wrong with the compilation errors?
    CREATE or REPLACE PROCEDURE AddStudent(
    p_stuID number,
    p_lname varchar2(30),
    p_fname varchar2(20),
    p_major varchar2(5) check(major IN
    ('ACCT','ECT','EET','BIS','BSIT','CIS','TCOM')),
    P_standing varchar2(10) check(standing IN
    ('FRESHMAN','SOPHOMORE','JUNIOR','SENIOR')),
    P_gpa number(3,2) IS
    BEGIN
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'SMITH', 'HEATHER', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.8,
    2);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'ELLIOTT', 'DAVE', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.65,
    2);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'WEBSTER', 'KARL', 'CIS', 'SENIOR', 3.2,
    2);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'COX', 'STACEY', 'CIS', 'SENIOR', 2.7, 1);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'HOWARD', 'BRIAN', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.18,
    1);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'DENNIS', 'KELLY', 'CIS', 'SENIOR', 4.0,
    1);
    COMMIT;
    END;
    SQL> /
    Warning: Procedure created with compilation errors.
    ----- Original Message -----
    From: Boehmer, Barbara A. <mailto:[email protected]>
    To: 'bseo.ga' <mailto:[email protected]>
    Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2001 5:17 PM
    Subject: RE: PL/SQL
    I am not sure what part of it you don't understand.
    The first section that you included is a script that you need to
    copy and run, in order to create the sequences, tables, and data
    that you will need to complete your assignment. You will need
    to edit an empty .sql file, copy the script into the file, save
    the file, then start the file. For example:
    SQL> EDIT test
    Type or copy the script and save the file.
    SQL> START test
    You should see various messages as the items are created. Then
    you can use the following commands to see the tables and
    sequences that you have created:
    SQL> SELECT table_name FROM user_tables;
    SQL> SELECT sequence_name FROM user_sequences;
    To show the structure of an individual table, for example the
    course table:
    SQL> DESC course
    To show the data in an individual table, like the course table:
    SQL> SELECT * FROM course;
    In the second section that you have provided, your instructor is
    asking you to create three different procedures to do three
    different things. To create a procedure, you edit a .sql file,
    type the code to create the procedure, save the file, then start
    the file. I usually make the .sql file name the same as the
    procedure name. So, for example, in number 1, you are asked to
    create a procedure named AddStudent, so you would:
    SQL> EDIT AddStudent
    Type your code.
    Save the file.
    SQL> START AddStudent
    You should receive a message that says:
    Procedure created.
    Then, to execute your procedure:
    SQL> EXEC AddStudent (put your parameter values here)
    The basic syntax for creating a pl/sql procedure is:
    CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE procedure_name
    (put your parameters here)
    AS
    put your variable declarations here;
    BEGIN
    put your code that you want to execute here,
    like insert statements and update statements;
    END procedure_name;
    So, if you are trying to create a procedure to add a new student
    (which means inserting a row into the student table), you will
    need to accept the values (parameters) that you are going to
    insert, then insert them:
    CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE AddStudent
    (p_first .....
    p_last .....
    p_major .....
    p_standing .....
    p_GPA .....)
    AS
    BEGIN
    INSERT INTO student .....;
    END AddStudent;
    I have just given you a starting format and deliberately left
    out a lot, because you will learn more by doing it yourself. I
    hope that makes things a little clearer.
    I would like to know a little more about the class you are
    taking. Please let me know where you are going to school, who
    your instructor is, what is the name of the class you are
    taking, and what book are you using. Also, please let me know
    where you got my e-mail address (from one of the forums?)
    Good luck,
    Barbara
    -----Original Message-----
    From: bseo.ga [mailto:[email protected]]
    Sent: Tuesday, December 18, 2001 5:57 PM
    To: [email protected]
    Subject: PL/SQL
    Importance: High
    I don't understand reading the following instructions from my
    professor and the books. help would be apppreciated.
    -------------create the sequence numbers needed to generate
    primary key values
    create sequence room_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence faculty_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence student_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence section_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence enrollment_seq increment by 1;
    create sequence room_section_seq increment by 1;
    create table course(
    courseNo varchar2(10),
    name varchar2(30),
    credits number,
    constraint course_pk primary key (courseNo));
    insert into course (courseNo, name, credits) values
    ('CIS405','ADVANCED DATABASE', 5);
    insert into course (courseNo, name, credits) values
    ('CIS349','INTRO TO DATABASE', 5);
    COMMIT;
    create table room(
    roomID number,
    bldg char(1) check (bldg IN ('A','B')),
    roomNo varchar2(10),
    maxCapacity number,
    style varchar2(15) check(style IN
    ('LECTURE','LECTURE/LAB','LAB','OFFICE')),
    constraint room_pk primary key (roomID));
    insert into room (roomID, bldg, roomNo, maxCapacity, style)
    values (room_seq.nextval, 'B', '151A', 50, 'LAB');
    insert into room (roomID, bldg, roomNo, maxCapacity, style)
    values (room_seq.nextval, 'B', '151B', 50, 'LAB');
    commit;
    create table faculty(
    facultyID number,
    lname varchar2(30) not null,
    fname varchar2(20) not null,
    dept varchar2(5),
    officeID number,
    phone varchar2(15),
    email varchar2(75),
    rank char(4) check(rank IN
    ('INST','ASOC','ASST','FULL','SENR')),
    constraint faculty_pk primary key (facultyID),
    constraint faculty_fk foreign key (officeID) references room
    (roomID));
    insert into faculty(facultyID, lname, fname, dept, officeID,
    phone, email, rank) values
    (faculty_seq.nextval, 'CANNON', 'AMY', 'CIS',
    6, '77052149003252', '[email protected]','FULL'
    <mailto:'[email protected]','FULL'>);
    commit;
    create table equipment(
    equipmentID varchar2(30),
    roomID number,
    type varchar2(20) check(type IN('OVERHEAD PROJECTOR','PORTABLE
    PROJECTOR','LAPTOP CONNECTION','DESKTOP COMPUTER','INTERNET
    CONNECTION')),
    constraint equipment_pk primary key (equipmentID),
    constraint equipment_fk foreign key (roomID) references room
    (roomID));
    INSERT INTO EQUIPMENT (EQUIPMENTID, ROOMID, TYPE) VALUES ('111',
    5, 'DESKTOP COMPUTER');
    INSERT INTO EQUIPMENT (EQUIPMENTID, ROOMID, TYPE) VALUES ('222',
    5, 'OVERHEAD PROJECTOR');
    commit;
    create table student(
    stuID number,
    lname varchar2(30),
    fname varchar2(20),
    street varchar2(100),
    city varchar2(60),
    state char(2),
    zip varchar2(9),
    major varchar2(5) check(major IN
    ('ACCT','ECT','EET','BIS','BSIT','CIS','TCOM')),
    standing varchar2(10) check(standing IN
    ('FRESHMAN','SOPHOMORE','JUNIOR','SENIOR')),
    gpa number(3,2),
    advisor number,
    constraint student_pk primary key (stuID),
    constraint student_FK foreign key (advisor) references faculty
    (facultyID));
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'SMITH', 'HEATHER', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.8,
    2);
    INSERT INTO STUDENT (STUID, LNAME, FNAME, MAJOR, STANDING, GPA,
    ADVISOR) VALUES
    (STUDENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'ELLIOTT', 'DAVE', 'CIS', 'JUNIOR', 3.65,
    2);
    commit;
    create table section(
    sectionID number,
    sectionNo char(1),
    courseNo varchar2(10),
    facultyID number,
    term char(4),
    curSize number,
    maxSize number,
    constraint section_pk primary key (sectionID),
    constraint section_course_fk foreign key (courseNo) references
    course(courseNo),
    constraint section_faculty_fk foreign key (facultyID)
    references faculty(facultyID));
    INSERT INTO SECTION (SECTIONID, SECTIONNO, COURSENO, FACULTYID,
    TERM, CURSIZE, MAXSIZE)
    VALUES (SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'T', 'CIS405', 1, '1001', 17, 30);
    INSERT INTO SECTION (SECTIONID, SECTIONNO, COURSENO, FACULTYID,
    TERM, CURSIZE, MAXSIZE)
    VALUES (SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 'G', 'CIS405', 2, '1001', 24, 30);
    commit;
    create table enrollment(
    stuSectionID number,
    stuID number,
    sectionID number,
    grade char(1) check(grade IN('A','B','C','D','F','I','W')),
    constraint enrollment_pk primary key (stuSectionID),
    constraint enrollment_stu_fk foreign key (stuID) references
    student(stuID),
    constraint enrollment_section_fk foreign key (sectionID)
    references section(sectionID));
    INSERT INTO ENROLLMENT (STUSECTIONID, STUID, SECTIONID) VALUES
    (ENROLLMENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 3, 1);
    INSERT INTO ENROLLMENT (STUSECTIONID, STUID, SECTIONID) VALUES
    (ENROLLMENT_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 3, 8);
    commit;
    create table room_section(
    roomSectionID number,
    sectionID number,
    roomID number,
    day char(3) check(day IN
    ('MON','TUE','WED','THU','FRI','SAT','SUN')),
    hour date,
    term char(4),
    constraint room_section_pk primary key (roomSectionID),
    constraint room_section_section_fk foreign key (sectionID)
    references section(sectionID),
    constraint room_section_room_fk foreign key (roomID)
    references room(roomID));
    INSERT INTO ROOM_SECTION (ROOMSECTIONID, SECTIONID, ROOMID, DAY,
    HOUR, TERM)
    VALUES (ROOM_SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 1, 3, 'MON', TO_DATE('9:30
    AM', 'HH:MI AM'), '1001');
    INSERT INTO ROOM_SECTION (ROOMSECTIONID, SECTIONID, ROOMID, DAY,
    HOUR, TERM)
    VALUES (ROOM_SECTION_SEQ.NEXTVAL, 1, 3, 'MON', TO_DATE('10:30
    AM', 'HH:MI AM'), '1001');
    commit;
    The lab notes from my professor said
    1. your system will often need to create a new student. Write
    PL/SQL code for an object named AddStudent that will take values
    for first and last name, major, standing and GPA and add a new
    record in the Student table. Since advisors aren't assigned at
    registration time, we'll add their advisor at a later date.
    Don't worry about the student's address. Be sure to use the
    sequence number for the student's ID.
    2. Write a procedure that will retrieve an existing record in
    Enrollment usiing the student and section Ids and set the grade
    to a specified value. (use update instead of insert)
    3. Write another procedure that will assign a given student a
    given advisor.

  • I purchased the teacher and student lightroom 5. I put in my code and uploaded my evidence to show that I am a teacher. I am guessing it was sent through to someone. How do I know when I can use the software? I don't understand what to do next.

    I purchased the teacher and student lightroom 5. I put in my code and uploaded my evidence to show that I am a teacher. I am guessing it was sent through to someone. How do I know when I can use the software? I don't understand what to do next.

    Please refer below link for more information
    Education FAQ

  • I keep getting this error message when I (right-click) on a photo file on my desktop to burn to a CD. I don't understand this code...does anyone?  Thanks  Ariel**:The disc can't be burned because an unexpected error occurred (error code 0x80020000).

    I keep getting this error message when I (right-click) on a photo file on my desktop to burn to a CD. I don't understand this code...does anyone?  Thanks  Ariel**:    The disc can’t be burned because an unexpected error occurred (error code 0x80020000).

    I tried every obvious solution to this problem with different types of disc (-R; +R; -RW and +RW) and the problem persisted.  Then I read about removing a hyphen in picture filenames.  I renamed all the images and bingo there were no further problems.  Apple should have solved this by now.  This error code has been reported for several years and my MacBook Pro is quite new.  Anyway, I hope this helps.  It does work.
    Piggywiggle

  • Some code I don't understand

    Ok I know that the code below is a sql statement that is created as a string in a java program. What I don't understand is what the bolded portion is doing. I know that the + stands for concat in most case but I don't understand its purpose below. These items are declared as private strings what does that have to do with it?
    String sql = "select stddev_samp(enteredvalue) as stddev from (" +
    " select enteredvalue, " +
    " row_number() over (order by m1.u_calc_no desc) AS rowcount " +
    " from sdidataitem sd, s_sample s1, s_sample s2, u_melt m1, u_melt m2 "+
    " where s1.s_sampleid=sd.keyid1 " +
    " and sd.sdcid='Sample' " +
    " and s1.sampletypeid='" + sampletype + "' " +
    " and s1.samplestatus in ('Approved','Reported','Completed') " +
    " and sd.paramid='" + strIParamid + "' " +
    " and sd.paramtype='" + paramtype + "' " +
    " and sd.enteredvalue is not null " +
    " and s1.s_sampleid <> s2.s_sampleid " +
    " and s2.s_sampleid = '" + sampleid + "' " +
    " and s1.u_meltid = m1.u_meltid " +
    " and s2.u_meltid = m2.u_meltid " +
    " and m1.u_alloy_codeid = m2.u_alloy_codeid " +
    " and m1.u_calc_no < m2.u_calc_no " +
    " ) where rowcount<=50";+
    Message was edited by:
    Egyptgirl18

    If you were to rewrite the sql with proper indentation as shown below,
    what the sql statement is doing will be clearer for you.
    String sql =
    "select "+
    "stddev_samp(enteredvalue) as stddev "+
    "from ( " +
    "select "+
    "enteredvalue, " +
    "row_number() over (order by m1.u_calc_no desc) AS
    rowcount " +
    "from "+
    "sdidataitem sd, "+
    "s_sample s1, "+
    "s_sample s2, "+
    "u_melt m1, "+
    "u_melt m2 "+
    "where "+
    "s1.s_sampleid=sd.keyid1 and " +
    "sd.sdcid='Sample' and " +
    "s1.sampletypeid=" +"'" + sampletype +"'"+ " and " +
    "s1.samplestatus in ('Approved','Reported','Completed') and " +
    "sd.paramid='" + strIParamid + "' and " +
    "sd.paramtype='" + paramtype + "' and " +
    "sd.enteredvalue is not null and" +
    "s1.s_sampleid <> s2.s_sampleid and " +
    "s2.s_sampleid =" + "'" + sampleid + "'" + " and " +
    "s1.u_meltid = m1.u_meltid and " +
    "s2.u_meltid = m2.u_meltid and " +
    "m1.u_alloy_codeid = m2.u_alloy_codeid and " +
    "m1.u_calc_no < m2.u_calc_no " +
    ") "+
    "where "+
    "rowcount<=50 ";

  • Why is this an error???  I don't understand why it is... Help Please

    Hi,
    Ok, I'll preface this by saying there's a lotta code pasted in here but it really quite an easy question, I just need to post all the code so you understand where what came from.
    Now.............the question I'm trying to do is to create an applet that has 2 buttons -- each button when clicked opens an application (one is a simple calculator, the other a Mortgage calculation app). When you click one of the buttons (calc or mortgage), that app opens infront of the 2 button menu so its in "focus". The button on the 2 button menu then switches to a "hide app X" button (ie: "Mortgage", changes to "Hide Mortgage"). Thus if you click the hide button, the app that was opened is hidden, and then that "hide" button switches back to the original "app X" button. Pretty simple.
    Now, I have from my text book an example that does exactly this, with the simple calculator already in it, and with another app (a traffic light thing) where the Mortgage should be in my final product. I also already have the Mortgage applet I need to insert from another book example in place of that Traffic Light portion.
    Now, common sense would dictate that I should be able to just copy my code for the Mortgage applet into the example that has the 2 button menu structure, and overwrite the code I want to get rid of (the traffic light) with the mortgage code & rename the menu buttons. Right?? A simple switch of one thing for another... but therein lies my problem.
    I copied all the Mortgage code in correctly over the traffic lights, switched the button names, tried to compile it but I get one error....
    Exercise12_17.java:52: cannot resolve symbol
    symbol  : method pack ()
    location: class MortgageApplet
            mortgageAppletFrame.pack();I don't understand why..... mortgageAppletFrame.pack(); was a simple rewrite from lightsFrame.pack(); like every other line...... it should work. I've gone over it for 2 days......... Anyone know why it comes up as an error???
    Below, in order going down is (1)my code with the 1 error I can't solve, (2)the original menu example I tried to edit, and (3)the Mortgage app code...........
    Does anyone know what my error is?? Help or a hint would be greatly appreciated........ Thanks.
    My erroring app.......
    // Exercise12_17.java: Create multiple windows
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
    public class Exercise12_17 extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
      // Declare and create a frame: an instance of MenuDemo
      MenuDemo calcFrame = new MenuDemo();
      // Declare and create a frame: an instance of RadioButtonDemo
      MortgageApplet mortgageAppletFrame = new MortgageApplet();
      // Declare two buttons for displaying frames
      private JButton jbtCalc;
      private JButton jbtMortgage;
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        Exercise12_17 frame = new Exercise12_17();
        frame.setSize( 400, 70 );
        frame.setTitle("Exercise 11.8: Multiple Windows Demo");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      public Exercise12_17() {
        // Add buttons to the main frame
        getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        getContentPane().add(jbtCalc = new JButton("Simple Calculator"));
         getContentPane().add(jbtMortgage = new JButton("Mortgage"));
        // Register the main frame as listener for the buttons
        jbtCalc.addActionListener(this);
         jbtMortgage.addActionListener(this);
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        String arg = e.getActionCommand();
        if (e.getSource() instanceof JButton)
          if ("Simple Calculator".equals(arg)) {
            //show the MenuDemo frame
            jbtCalc.setText("Hide Simple Calculator");
            calcFrame.pack();
            calcFrame.setVisible(true);
          else if ("Hide Simple Calculator".equals(arg)) {
            calcFrame.setVisible(false);
            jbtCalc.setText("Simple Calculator");
          else if ("Mortgage".equals(arg)) {
            //show the CheckboxGroup frame
            mortgageAppletFrame.pack();
            jbtMortgage.setText("Hide Mortgage");
            mortgageAppletFrame.setVisible(true);
          else if ("Hide Mortgage".equals(arg)) {
            mortgageAppletFrame.setVisible(false);
            jbtMortgage.setText("Mortgage");
      class MortgageApplet extends JApplet
      implements ActionListener {
      // Declare and create text fields for interest rate
      // year, loan amount, monthly payment, and total payment
      private JTextField jtfAnnualInterestRate = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfNumOfYears = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfLoanAmount = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfMonthlyPayment = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfTotalPayment = new JTextField();
      // Declare and create a Compute Mortgage button
      private JButton jbtComputeMortgage = new JButton("Compute Mortgage");
      /** Initialize user interface */
      public void init() {
        // Set properties on the text fields
        jtfMonthlyPayment.setEditable(false);
        jtfTotalPayment.setEditable(false);
        // Right align text fields
        jtfAnnualInterestRate.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfNumOfYears.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfLoanAmount.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfMonthlyPayment.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfTotalPayment.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        // Panel p1 to hold labels and text fields
        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 2));
        p1.add(new Label("Annual Interest Rate"));
        p1.add(jtfAnnualInterestRate);
        p1.add(new Label("Number of Years"));
        p1.add(jtfNumOfYears);
        p1.add(new Label("Loan Amount"));
        p1.add(jtfLoanAmount);
        p1.add(new Label("Monthly Payment"));
        p1.add(jtfMonthlyPayment);
        p1.add(new Label("Total Payment"));
        p1.add(jtfTotalPayment);
        p1.setBorder(new
          TitledBorder("Enter interest rate, year and loan amount"));
        // Panel p2 to hold the button
        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        p2.add(jbtComputeMortgage);
        // Add the components to the applet
        getContentPane().add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        // Register listener
        jbtComputeMortgage.addActionListener(this);
      /** Handle the "Compute Mortgage" button */
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (e.getSource() == jbtComputeMortgage) {
          // Get values from text fields
          double interest = (Double.valueOf(
            jtfAnnualInterestRate.getText())).doubleValue();
          int year =
            (Integer.valueOf(jtfNumOfYears.getText())).intValue();
          double loan =
            (Double.valueOf(jtfLoanAmount.getText())).doubleValue();
          // Create a mortgage object
          Mortgage m = new Mortgage(interest, year, loan);
          // Display monthly payment and total payment
          jtfMonthlyPayment.setText(String.valueOf(m.monthlyPayment()));
          jtfTotalPayment.setText(String.valueOf(m.totalPayment()));
    class MenuDemo extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
      // Text fields for Number 1, Number 2, and Result
      private JTextField jtfNum1, jtfNum2, jtfResult;
      // Buttons "Add", "Subtract", "Multiply" and "Divide"
      private JButton jbtAdd, jbtSub, jbtMul, jbtDiv;
      // Menu items "Add", "Subtract", "Multiply","Divide" and "Close"
      private JMenuItem jmiAdd, jmiSub, jmiMul, jmiDiv, jmiClose;
      /** Main method */
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        MenuDemo frame = new MenuDemo();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
      /** Default constructor */
      public MenuDemo() {
        setTitle("Menu Demo");
        // Create menu bar
        JMenuBar jmb = new JMenuBar();
        // Set menu bar to the frame
        setJMenuBar(jmb);
        // Add menu "Operation" to menu bar
        JMenu operationMenu = new JMenu("Operation");
        operationMenu.setMnemonic('O');
        jmb.add(operationMenu);
        // Add menu "Exit" in menu bar
        JMenu exitMenu = new JMenu("Exit");
        exitMenu.setMnemonic('E');
        jmb.add(exitMenu);
        // Add menu items with mnemonics to menu "Operation"
        operationMenu.add(jmiAdd= new JMenuItem("Add", 'A'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiSub = new JMenuItem("Subtract", 'S'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiMul = new JMenuItem("Multiply", 'M'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiDiv = new JMenuItem("Divide", 'D'));
        exitMenu.add(jmiClose = new JMenuItem("Close", 'C'));
        // Set keyboard accelerators
        jmiAdd.setAccelerator(
          KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_A, ActionEvent.CTRL_MASK));
        jmiSub.setAccelerator(
          KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_S, ActionEvent.CTRL_MASK));
        jmiMul.setAccelerator(
          KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_M, ActionEvent.CTRL_MASK));
        jmiDiv.setAccelerator(
          KeyStroke.getKeyStroke(KeyEvent.VK_D, ActionEvent.CTRL_MASK));
        // Panel p1 to hold text fields and labels
        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        p1.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        p1.add(new JLabel("Number 1"));
        p1.add(jtfNum1 = new JTextField(3));
        p1.add(new JLabel("Number 2"));
        p1.add(jtfNum2 = new JTextField(3));
        p1.add(new JLabel("Result"));
        p1.add(jtfResult = new JTextField(4));
        jtfResult.setEditable(false);
        // Panel p2 to hold buttons
        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        p2.add(jbtAdd = new JButton("Add"));
        p2.add(jbtSub = new JButton("Subtract"));
        p2.add(jbtMul = new JButton("Multiply"));
        p2.add(jbtDiv = new JButton("Divide"));
        // Add panels to the frame
        getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        getContentPane().add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        // Register listeners
        jbtAdd.addActionListener(this);
        jbtSub.addActionListener(this);
        jbtMul.addActionListener(this);
        jbtDiv.addActionListener(this);
        jmiAdd.addActionListener(this);
        jmiSub.addActionListener(this);
        jmiMul.addActionListener(this);
        jmiDiv.addActionListener(this);
        jmiClose.addActionListener(this);
      /** Handle ActionEvent from buttons and menu items */
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        String actionCommand = e.getActionCommand();
        // Handle button events
        if (e.getSource() instanceof JButton) {
          if ("Add".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('+');
          else if ("Subtract".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('-');
          else if ("Multiply".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('*');
          else if ("Divide".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('/');
        else if (e.getSource() instanceof JMenuItem) {
          // Handle menu item events
          if ("Add".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('+');
          else if ("Subtract".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('-');
          else if ("Multiply".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('*');
          else if ("Divide".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('/');
          else if ("Close".equals(actionCommand))
            System.exit(0);
      /** Calculate and show the result in jtfResult */
      private void calculate(char operator) {
        // Obtain Number 1 and Number 2
        int num1 = (Integer.parseInt(jtfNum1.getText().trim()));
        int num2 = (Integer.parseInt(jtfNum2.getText().trim()));
        int result = 0;
        // Perform selected operation
        switch (operator) {
          case '+': result = num1 + num2;
                    break;
          case '-': result = num1 - num2;
                    break;
          case '*': result = num1 * num2;
                    break;
          case '/': result = num1 / num2;
        // Set result in jtfResult
        jtfResult.setText(String.valueOf(result));
    Original 2 button menu example....
    // Exercise11_8.java: Create multiple windows
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    public class Exercise11_8 extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
      // Declare and create a frame: an instance of MenuDemo
      MenuDemo calcFrame = new MenuDemo();
      // Declare and create a frame: an instance of RadioButtonDemo
      RadioButtonDemo lightsFrame = new RadioButtonDemo();
      // Declare two buttons for displaying frames
      private JButton jbtCalc;
      private JButton jbtLights;
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        Exercise11_8 frame = new Exercise11_8();
        frame.setSize( 400, 70 );
        frame.setTitle("Exercise 11.8: Multiple Windows Demo");
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      public Exercise11_8() {
        // Add buttons to the main frame
        getContentPane().setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        getContentPane().add(jbtCalc = new JButton("Simple Calculator"));
        getContentPane().add(jbtLights = new JButton("Traffic Lights"));
        // Register the main frame as listener for the buttons
        jbtCalc.addActionListener(this);
        jbtLights.addActionListener(this);
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        String arg = e.getActionCommand();
        if (e.getSource() instanceof JButton)
          if ("Simple Calculator".equals(arg)) {
            //show the MenuDemo frame
            jbtCalc.setText("Hide Simple Calculator");
            calcFrame.pack();
            calcFrame.setVisible(true);
          else if ("Hide Simple Calculator".equals(arg)) {
            calcFrame.setVisible(false);
            jbtCalc.setText("Simple Calculator");
          else if ("Traffic Lights".equals(arg)) {
            //show the CheckboxGroup frame
            lightsFrame.pack();
            jbtLights.setText("Hide Traffic Lights");
            lightsFrame.setVisible(true);
          else if ("Hide Traffic Lights".equals(arg)) {
            lightsFrame.setVisible(false);
            jbtLights.setText("Traffic Lights");
         class RadioButtonDemo extends JFrame
      implements ItemListener {
      // Declare radio buttons
      private JRadioButton jrbRed, jrbYellow, jrbGreen;
      // Declare a radio button group
      private ButtonGroup btg = new ButtonGroup();
      // Declare a traffic light display panel
      private Light light;
      /** Main method */
      public static void main(String[] args) {
        RadioButtonDemo frame = new RadioButtonDemo();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.setSize(250, 170);
        frame.setVisible(true);
      /** Default constructor */
      public RadioButtonDemo() {
        setTitle("RadioButton Demo");
        // Add traffic light panel to panel p1
        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        p1.setSize(200, 200);
        p1.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.CENTER));
        light = new Light();
        light.setSize(40, 90);
        p1.add(light);
        // Put the radio button in Panel p2
        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        p2.add(jrbRed = new JRadioButton("Red", true));
        p2.add(jrbYellow = new JRadioButton("Yellow", false));
        p2.add(jrbGreen = new JRadioButton("Green", false));
        // Set keyboard mnemonics
        jrbRed.setMnemonic('R');
        jrbYellow.setMnemonic('Y');
        jrbGreen.setMnemonic('G');
        // Group radio buttons
        btg.add(jrbRed);
        btg.add(jrbYellow);
        btg.add(jrbGreen);
        // Place p1 and p2 in the frame
        getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        getContentPane().add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        // Register listeners for check boxes
        jrbRed.addItemListener(this);
        jrbYellow.addItemListener(this);
        jrbGreen.addItemListener(this);
      /** Handle checkbox events */
      public void itemStateChanged(ItemEvent e) {
        if (jrbRed.isSelected())
          light.turnOnRed(); // Set red light
        if (jrbYellow.isSelected())
          light.turnOnYellow(); // Set yellow light
        if (jrbGreen.isSelected())
          light.turnOnGreen(); // Set green light
    // Three traffic lights shown in a panel
    class Light extends JPanel {
      private boolean red;
      private boolean yellow;
      private boolean green;
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      public Light() {
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      public void turnOnRed() {
        red = true;
        yellow = false;
        green = false;
        repaint();
      /** Set yellow light on */
      public void turnOnYellow() {
        red = false;
        yellow = true;
        green = false;
        repaint();
      /** Set green light on */
      public void turnOnGreen() {
        red = false;
        yellow = false;
        green = true;
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      /** Display lights */
      public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
        super.paintComponent(g);
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          g.fillOval(10, 10, 20, 20);
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          g.drawOval(10, 60, 20, 20);
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          g.fillOval(10, 35, 20, 20);
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          g.drawOval(10, 35, 20, 20);
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      public Dimension getPreferredSize() {
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    class MenuDemo extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
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      // Menu items "Add", "Subtract", "Multiply","Divide" and "Close"
      private JMenuItem jmiAdd, jmiSub, jmiMul, jmiDiv, jmiClose;
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      public static void main(String[] args) {
        MenuDemo frame = new MenuDemo();
        frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
        frame.pack();
        frame.setVisible(true);
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      public MenuDemo() {
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        JMenuBar jmb = new JMenuBar();
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        JMenu operationMenu = new JMenu("Operation");
        operationMenu.setMnemonic('O');
        jmb.add(operationMenu);
        // Add menu "Exit" in menu bar
        JMenu exitMenu = new JMenu("Exit");
        exitMenu.setMnemonic('E');
        jmb.add(exitMenu);
        // Add menu items with mnemonics to menu "Operation"
        operationMenu.add(jmiAdd= new JMenuItem("Add", 'A'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiSub = new JMenuItem("Subtract", 'S'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiMul = new JMenuItem("Multiply", 'M'));
        operationMenu.add(jmiDiv = new JMenuItem("Divide", 'D'));
        exitMenu.add(jmiClose = new JMenuItem("Close", 'C'));
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        jmiAdd.setAccelerator(
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        jmiSub.setAccelerator(
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        jmiMul.setAccelerator(
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        jmiDiv.setAccelerator(
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        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        p1.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        p1.add(new JLabel("Number 1"));
        p1.add(jtfNum1 = new JTextField(3));
        p1.add(new JLabel("Number 2"));
        p1.add(jtfNum2 = new JTextField(3));
        p1.add(new JLabel("Result"));
        p1.add(jtfResult = new JTextField(4));
        jtfResult.setEditable(false);
        // Panel p2 to hold buttons
        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout());
        p2.add(jbtAdd = new JButton("Add"));
        p2.add(jbtSub = new JButton("Subtract"));
        p2.add(jbtMul = new JButton("Multiply"));
        p2.add(jbtDiv = new JButton("Divide"));
        // Add panels to the frame
        getContentPane().setLayout(new BorderLayout());
        getContentPane().add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        // Register listeners
        jbtAdd.addActionListener(this);
        jbtSub.addActionListener(this);
        jbtMul.addActionListener(this);
        jbtDiv.addActionListener(this);
        jmiAdd.addActionListener(this);
        jmiSub.addActionListener(this);
        jmiMul.addActionListener(this);
        jmiDiv.addActionListener(this);
        jmiClose.addActionListener(this);
      /** Handle ActionEvent from buttons and menu items */
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        String actionCommand = e.getActionCommand();
        // Handle button events
        if (e.getSource() instanceof JButton) {
          if ("Add".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('+');
          else if ("Subtract".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('-');
          else if ("Multiply".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('*');
          else if ("Divide".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('/');
        else if (e.getSource() instanceof JMenuItem) {
          // Handle menu item events
          if ("Add".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('+');
          else if ("Subtract".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('-');
          else if ("Multiply".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('*');
          else if ("Divide".equals(actionCommand))
            calculate('/');
          else if ("Close".equals(actionCommand))
            System.exit(0);
      /** Calculate and show the result in jtfResult */
      private void calculate(char operator) {
        // Obtain Number 1 and Number 2
        int num1 = (Integer.parseInt(jtfNum1.getText().trim()));
        int num2 = (Integer.parseInt(jtfNum2.getText().trim()));
        int result = 0;
        // Perform selected operation
        switch (operator) {
          case '+': result = num1 + num2;
                    break;
          case '-': result = num1 - num2;
                    break;
          case '*': result = num1 * num2;
                    break;
          case '/': result = num1 / num2;
        // Set result in jtfResult
        jtfResult.setText(String.valueOf(result));
    Mortgage applet code....
    // MortgageApplet.java: Applet for computing mortgage payments
    import java.awt.*;
    import java.awt.event.*;
    import javax.swing.*;
    import javax.swing.border.TitledBorder;
    public class MortgageApplet extends JApplet
      implements ActionListener {
      // Declare and create text fields for interest rate
      // year, loan amount, monthly payment, and total payment
      private JTextField jtfAnnualInterestRate = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfNumOfYears = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfLoanAmount = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfMonthlyPayment = new JTextField();
      private JTextField jtfTotalPayment = new JTextField();
      // Declare and create a Compute Mortgage button
      private JButton jbtComputeMortgage = new JButton("Compute Mortgage");
      /** Initialize user interface */
      public void init() {
        // Set properties on the text fields
        jtfMonthlyPayment.setEditable(false);
        jtfTotalPayment.setEditable(false);
        // Right align text fields
        jtfAnnualInterestRate.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfNumOfYears.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfLoanAmount.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfMonthlyPayment.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        jtfTotalPayment.setHorizontalAlignment(JTextField.RIGHT);
        // Panel p1 to hold labels and text fields
        JPanel p1 = new JPanel();
        p1.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 2));
        p1.add(new Label("Annual Interest Rate"));
        p1.add(jtfAnnualInterestRate);
        p1.add(new Label("Number of Years"));
        p1.add(jtfNumOfYears);
        p1.add(new Label("Loan Amount"));
        p1.add(jtfLoanAmount);
        p1.add(new Label("Monthly Payment"));
        p1.add(jtfMonthlyPayment);
        p1.add(new Label("Total Payment"));
        p1.add(jtfTotalPayment);
        p1.setBorder(new
          TitledBorder("Enter interest rate, year and loan amount"));
        // Panel p2 to hold the button
        JPanel p2 = new JPanel();
        p2.setLayout(new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.RIGHT));
        p2.add(jbtComputeMortgage);
        // Add the components to the applet
        getContentPane().add(p1, BorderLayout.CENTER);
        getContentPane().add(p2, BorderLayout.SOUTH);
        // Register listener
        jbtComputeMortgage.addActionListener(this);
      /** Handle the "Compute Mortgage" button */
      public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
        if (e.getSource() == jbtComputeMortgage) {
          // Get values from text fields
          double interest = (Double.valueOf(
            jtfAnnualInterestRate.getText())).doubleValue();
          int year =
            (Integer.valueOf(jtfNumOfYears.getText())).intValue();
          double loan =
            (Double.valueOf(jtfLoanAmount.getText())).doubleValue();
          // Create a mortgage object
          Mortgage m = new Mortgage(interest, year, loan);
          // Display monthly payment and total payment
          jtfMonthlyPayment.setText(String.valueOf(m.monthlyPayment()));
          jtfTotalPayment.setText(String.valueOf(m.totalPayment()));
    }

    Does it have to be an applet?
    If you want the same behaviour as in the code with traffic lights, change
    class MortgageApplet extends JApplet implements ActionListener {
    to
    class MortgageApplet extends JFrame implements ActionListener {
    and change
    public void init() {
    to
    public MortgageApplet() {                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           

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    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {9FE2BFB0-1DBE-4269-AEBA-A870C5990BEA} Adobe Dreamweaver Widget Browser 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {85BD3EEB-DBBE-430A-A8F4-FE5D1E5AD606} Adobe Dreamweaver Widget Browser 1.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {E39A5ABD-516B-46F9-A042-694BBA6A4E08} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {DE7C6FA1-AF75-48A8-B495-CFAD529BCC3D} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {CBDD7465-CE11-4A58-9497-C370B65923F1} Required Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {311CDC89-AC18-4344-9EC9-0225328C73D3} Required Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {A2502D10-2D75-4620-8A8B-73F39D5C1243} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {84901376-1C55-4BD3-AD2C-F9BDB4449DAC} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {E39A5ABD-516B-46F9-A042-694BBA6A4E08} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {DE7C6FA1-AF75-48A8-B495-CFAD529BCC3D} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {CBDD7465-CE11-4A58-9497-C370B65923F1} Required Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {311CDC89-AC18-4344-9EC9-0225328C73D3} Required Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {A2502D10-2D75-4620-8A8B-73F39D5C1243} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {84901376-1C55-4BD3-AD2C-F9BDB4449DAC} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {A2502D10-2D75-4620-8A8B-73F39D5C1243} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {84901376-1C55-4BD3-AD2C-F9BDB4449DAC} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {E39A5ABD-516B-46F9-A042-694BBA6A4E08} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {DE7C6FA1-AF75-48A8-B495-CFAD529BCC3D} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {CBDD7465-CE11-4A58-9497-C370B65923F1} Required Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {311CDC89-AC18-4344-9EC9-0225328C73D3} Required Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
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    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {E39A5ABD-516B-46F9-A042-694BBA6A4E08} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {DE7C6FA1-AF75-48A8-B495-CFAD529BCC3D} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {CBDD7465-CE11-4A58-9497-C370B65923F1} Required Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {311CDC89-AC18-4344-9EC9-0225328C73D3} Required Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {A2502D10-2D75-4620-8A8B-73F39D5C1243} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {84901376-1C55-4BD3-AD2C-F9BDB4449DAC} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {E39A5ABD-516B-46F9-A042-694BBA6A4E08} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {DE7C6FA1-AF75-48A8-B495-CFAD529BCC3D} Recommended Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {CBDD7465-CE11-4A58-9497-C370B65923F1} Required Common Fonts Installation 1.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {311CDC89-AC18-4344-9EC9-0225328C73D3} Required Common Fonts Installation 2.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {A2502D10-2D75-4620-8A8B-73F39D5C1243} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {84901376-1C55-4BD3-AD2C-F9BDB4449DAC} PDF Settings CS5 10.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
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    WARNING: DW016: NOTE: Cannot set action to the payload {3F023875-4A52-4605-9DB6-A88D4A813E8D} Camera Profiles Installer 6.0.0.0 as it is already upgraded by the payload {539AEF15-3A2B-4A31-A587-7E90F7D9C700} Camera Profiles Installer 7.0.0.0
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    import javax.swing.JFrame;
    import javax.swing.JComponent;
    import java.awt.BorderLayout;
    import java.awt.Dimension;
    import java.awt.GridLayout;
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    import java.awt.Dimension;
    import java.awt.Rectangle;
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      JLabel onoma1=new JLabel("Gkisis Traianos");
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      JLabel onoma3=new JLabel("Supervisor Teacher:");
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    Message was edited by:
    sickboy

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