System Preferences Sharing – what is the default security setup?

Hi
I have been searching for documentation about whether or not the services offered in System Preferences > Sharing is securely encrypted or not.
I know that the Remote Login is just SSH, and that is considered secure.
But what about Screen Sharing (VNC) and File Sharing (AFP)?

You are right - naked file sharing over the internet is a bad idea.
However, you can set it up within an "SSH tunnel", which encrypts the data.
An overview of the general concept can be found here (http://www.securityfocus.com/infocus/1816). It is arcane (fun for some!) and uses a bit of command line magic, but it works.
Alternatively, you can use a service like "logmein", which does most of the heavy lifting for you.

Similar Messages

In System Preferences- Sharing- Remote Management the address doesn't reflect the computer name.

Hi,
I have a dual boot system with two seperate hard drives, Lion and Snow Leopard. One drive has a name of mac-pro2 for Lion and mac-pro2sl for Snow Leopard. Something happened when I rebooted from Snow Leopard to Lion that in System Preferences->Sharing->Remote Management that the computer name had changed to the Snow Leopard computer name it has a address and name of mac-pro2sl. I have change the Computer Name: and it worked and was changed to mac-pro2 but Remote Management still has the address of mac-pro2sl and doesn't reflect the computer name. I can ssh into Lion with mac-pro2sl but I have a conflict with from other computers when I log in with a warning of "Remote Host Identification has Changed". How do you change the computer name for remote management and ssh?
I have changed the hostname and it reflects the change when you login, mac-pro2 for Lion. But when you ssh into Lion it requires mac-pro2sl not mac-pro2.
When I change the computer name it shows below that the name in "Remote Management: On" "computer using the address mac-pro2sl" is selected but then doesn't change but remains the same when the dialog closes. How do you change the address to reflect the computer name? Is there a command line utility?
Thanks for any help.

If this problem is due to DNS, look in your configuration. What is the number one DNS server address? Is it local, or is it on the Internet at large? Or post the Address here and folks can help you look it up.
192.168.yyy.zzz
10.xxx.yyy.zzz
172.xxx.yyy.zzz
are all strictly local.

Hi! I have a WD my book external hard drive plugged into my imac and I want to share it over my network with my apple tv. I went into system preferences sharing, checked "file sharing" and added my external hard drive to the shared folder. So now it is

Hi!
I have a WD my book external hard drive plugged into my imac and I want to share it over my network with my apple tv. I went into system preferences > sharing, checked "file sharing" and added my external hard drive to the shared folder. So now it is listed in "shared folders" but under "users" everything is grayed out (it says "read and write" for "everyone" - but "read and write" is grayed out, and it doesn't let me add or subtract users). Now I can access all of the folders I shared from my imac except for the externalhard drive. What's going on?

Hi RRFS!,thanks for help.I forgot to tell that hard drive has 2 partitions 1:format :Mac OS Extended (Journaled) and that works properly,2:format:MS-DOS (FAT32) and when i "get info" for both :first has shering & permitions:You can read and write - with name and privilege, second has shaing & prermissions:You can read and write- without name and privilege

I am getting no sound from my headphones. I've tried several headphones, did the whole system preference thing, and tried the option command reboot. Whats next?

I am getting no sound from my headphones. I've tried several headphones, did the whole system preference thing, and tried the option command reboot. Whats next?

I have tried all the above and nothing seems to work. Any other suggestions?

What is the best security system for a Mac?

I am curious as to what is the best security system for a Mac. Is it Norton or something else? I have a Macbook Pro with Lion and I want to make sure I avoid all of the viruses and malware out there.

Hi c,
General consensus here is to stay far, far away from Norton, and that most anti-malware software for Mac causes more issues than they will ever avoid.
Most Mac users run bare.
I still haven't seen anything in the wild, no OS X virus really going beyond proof of concept; some malware, yes, but not a virus. And the existing malware requires users to "open the door" and basically tell the malware it's ok to do its thing. I'm not sure there'll ever be software which can overcome the actions of such a user.
For those who feel the need, ClamX has been often suggested.

What is the default SAP LOGON system number?

Hello, what is the default SAP LOGON system number?
I have installed ABAP SP 640 SP11 and windows GUI 6.40 on my server. I want to use the SAP Logon. The logon asks me for the system ID: NSP and the system number that I dont know.
Any idea?
Thanks

ANSWER: 00

What is the best security package for an imac using yosimity

What is the best security package for an imac using Yosimity

Mac users often ask whether they should install "anti-virus" software. The answer usually given on ASC is "no." The answer is right, but it may give the wrong impression that there is no threat from what are loosely called "viruses." There is a threat, and you need to educate yourself about it.
1. This is a comment on what you should—and should not—do to protect yourself from malicious software ("malware") that circulates on the Internet and gets onto a computer as an unintended consequence of the user's actions. It does not apply to software, such as keystroke loggers, that may be installed deliberately by an intruder who has hands-on access to the computer, or who has been able to take control of it remotely. That threat is in a different category, and there's no easy way to defend against it.
The comment is long because the issue is complex. The key points are in sections 5, 6, and 10.
OS X now implements three layers of built-in protection specifically against malware, not counting runtime protections such as execute disable, sandboxing, system library randomization, and address space layout randomization that may also guard against other kinds of exploits.
2. All versions of OS X since 10.6.7 have been able to detect known Mac malware in downloaded files, and to block insecure web plugins. This feature is transparent to the user. Internally Apple calls it "XProtect."
The malware recognition database used by XProtect is automatically updated; however, you shouldn't rely on it, because the attackers are always at least a day ahead of the defenders.
The following caveats apply to XProtect:
☞ It can be bypassed by some third-party networking software, such as BitTorrent clients and Java applets.
☞ It only applies to software downloaded from the network. Software installed from a CD or other media is not checked.
As new versions of OS X are released, it's not clear whether Apple will indefinitely continue to maintain the XProtect database of older versions such as 10.6. The security of obsolete system versions may eventually be degraded. Security updates to the code of obsolete systems will stop being released at some point, and that may leave them open to other kinds of attack besides malware.
3. Starting with OS X 10.7.5, there has been a second layer of built-in malware protection, designated "Gatekeeper" by Apple. By default, applications and Installer packages downloaded from the network will only run if they're digitally signed by a developer with a certificate issued by Apple. Software certified in this way hasn't necessarily been tested by Apple, but you can be reasonably sure that it hasn't been modified by anyone other than the developer. His identity is known to Apple, so he could be held legally responsible if he distributed malware. That may not mean much if the developer lives in a country with a weak legal system (see below.)
Gatekeeper doesn't depend on a database of known malware. It has, however, the same limitations as XProtect, and in addition the following:
☞ It can easily be disabled or overridden by the user.
☞ A malware attacker could get control of a code-signing certificate under false pretenses, or could simply ignore the consequences of distributing codesigned malware.
☞ An App Store developer could find a way to bypass Apple's oversight, or the oversight could fail due to human error.
Apple has taken far too long to revoke the codesigning certificates of some known abusers, thereby diluting the value of Gatekeeper and the Developer ID program. Those lapses don't involve App Store products, however.
For the reasons given, App Store products, and—to a lesser extent—other applications recognized by Gatekeeper as signed, are safer than others, but they can't be considered absolutely safe. "Sandboxed" applications may prompt for access to private data, such as your contacts, or for access to the network. Think before granting that access. Sandbox security is based on user input. Never click through any request for authorization without thinking.
4. Starting with OS X 10.8.3, a third layer of protection has been added: a "Malware Removal Tool" (MRT). MRT runs automatically in the background when you update the OS. It checks for, and removes, malware that may have evaded the other protections via a Java exploit (see below.) MRT also runs when you install or update the Apple-supplied Java runtime (but not the Oracle runtime.) Like XProtect, MRT is effective against known threats, but not against unknown ones. It notifies you if it finds malware, but otherwise there's no user interface to MRT.
5. The built-in security features of OS X reduce the risk of malware attack, but they are not, and never will be, complete protection. Malware is a problem of human behavior, not machine behavior, and no technological fix alone is going to solve it. Trusting software to protect you will only make you more vulnerable.
The best defense is always going to be your own intelligence. With the possible exception of Java exploits, all known malware circulating on the Internet that affects a fully-updated installation of OS X 10.6 or later takes the form of so-called "Trojan horses," which can only have an effect if the victim is duped into running them. The threat therefore amounts to a battle of wits between you and Internet criminals. If you're better informed than they think you are, you'll win. That means, in practice, that you always stay within a safe harbor of computing practices. How do you know when you're leaving the safe harbor? Below are some warning signs of danger.
Software from an untrustworthy source
☞ Software with a corporate brand, such as Adobe Flash Player, doesn't come directly from the developer’s website. Do not trust an alert from any website to update Flash, or your browser, or any other software. A genuine alert that Flash is outdated and blocked is shown on this support page. Follow the instructions on the support page in that case. Otherwise, assume that the alert is fake and someone is trying to scam you into installing malware. If you see such alerts on more than one website, ask for instructions.
☞ Software of any kind is distributed via BitTorrent, or Usenet, or on a website that also distributes pirated music or movies.
☞ Rogue websites such as Softonic, Soft32, and CNET Download distribute free applications that have been packaged in a superfluous "installer."
☞ The software is advertised by means of spam or intrusive web ads. Any ad, on any site, that includes a direct link to a download should be ignored.
Software that is plainly illegal or does something illegal
☞ High-priced commercial software such as Photoshop is "cracked" or "free."
☞ An application helps you to infringe copyright, for instance by circumventing the copy protection on commercial software, or saving streamed media for reuse without permission. All "YouTube downloaders" are in this category, though not all are necessarily malicious.
Conditional or unsolicited offers from strangers
☞ A telephone caller or a web page tells you that you have a “virus” and offers to help you remove it. (Some reputable websites did legitimately warn visitors who were infected with the "DNSChanger" malware. That exception to this rule no longer applies.)
☞ A web site offers free content such as video or music, but to use it you must install a “codec,” “plug-in,” "player," "downloader," "extractor," or “certificate” that comes from that same site, or an unknown one.
☞ You win a prize in a contest you never entered.
☞ Someone on a message board such as this one is eager to help you, but only if you download an application of his choosing.
☞ A "FREE WI-FI !!!" network advertises itself in a public place such as an airport, but is not provided by the management.
☞ Anything online that you would expect to pay for is "free."
Unexpected events
☞ A file is downloaded automatically when you visit a web page, with no other action on your part. Delete any such file without opening it.
☞ You open what you think is a document and get an alert that it's "an application downloaded from the Internet." Click Cancel and delete the file. Even if you don't get the alert, you should still delete any file that isn't what you expected it to be.
☞ An application does something you don't expect, such as asking for permission to access your contacts, your location, or the Internet for no obvious reason.
☞ Software is attached to email that you didn't request, even if it comes (or seems to come) from someone you trust.
I don't say that leaving the safe harbor just once will necessarily result in disaster, but making a habit of it will weaken your defenses against malware attack. Any of the above scenarios should, at the very least, make you uncomfortable.
6. Java on the Web (not to be confused with JavaScript, to which it's not related, despite the similarity of the names) is a weak point in the security of any system. Java is, among other things, a platform for running complex applications in a web page, on the client. That was always a bad idea, and Java's developers have proven themselves incapable of implementing it without also creating a portal for malware to enter. Past Java exploits are the closest thing there has ever been to a Windows-style virus affecting OS X. Merely loading a page with malicious Java content could be harmful.
Fortunately, client-side Java on the Web is obsolete and mostly extinct. Only a few outmoded sites still use it. Try to hasten the process of extinction by avoiding those sites, if you have a choice. Forget about playing games or other non-essential uses of Java.
Java is not included in OS X 10.7 and later. Discrete Java installers are distributed by Apple and by Oracle (the developer of Java.) Don't use either one unless you need it. Most people don't. If Java is installed, disable it—not JavaScript—in your browsers.
Regardless of version, experience has shown that Java on the Web can't be trusted. If you must use a Java applet for a task on a specific site, enable Java only for that site in Safari. Never enable Java for a public website that carries third-party advertising. Use it only on well-known, login-protected, secure websites without ads. In Safari 6 or later, you'll see a padlock icon in the address bar when visiting a secure site.
Stay within the safe harbor, and you’ll be as safe from malware as you can practically be. The rest of this comment concerns what you should not do to protect yourself.
7. Never install any commercial "anti-virus" (AV) or "Internet security" products for the Mac, as they are all worse than useless. If you need to be able to detect Windows malware in your files, use one of the free security apps in the Mac App Store—nothing else.
Why shouldn't you use commercial AV products?
☞ To recognize malware, the software depends on a database of known threats, which is always at least a day out of date. This technique is a proven failure, as a major AV software vendor has admitted. Most attacks are "zero-day"—that is, previously unknown. Recognition-based AV does not defend against such attacks, and the enterprise IT industry is coming to the realization that traditional AV software is worthless.
☞ Its design is predicated on the nonexistent threat that malware may be injected at any time, anywhere in the file system. Malware is downloaded from the network; it doesn't materialize from nowhere. In order to meet that nonexistent threat, commercial AV software modifies or duplicates low-level functions of the operating system, which is a waste of resources and a common cause of instability, bugs, and poor performance.
☞ By modifying the operating system, the software may also create weaknesses that could be exploited by malware attackers.
☞ Most importantly, a false sense of security is dangerous.
8. An AV product from the App Store, such as "ClamXav," has the same drawback as the commercial suites of being always out of date, but it does not inject low-level code into the operating system. That doesn't mean it's entirely harmless. It may report email messages that have "phishing" links in the body, or Windows malware in attachments, as infected files, and offer to delete or move them. Doing so will corrupt the Mail database. The messages should be deleted from within the Mail application.
An AV app is not needed, and cannot be relied upon, for protection against OS X malware. It's useful, if at all, only for detecting Windows malware, and even for that use it's not really effective, because new Windows malware is emerging much faster than OS X malware.
Windows malware can't harm you directly (unless, of course, you use Windows.) Just don't pass it on to anyone else. A malicious attachment in email is usually easy to recognize by the name alone. An actual example:
London Terror Moovie.avi [124 spaces] Checked By Norton Antivirus.exe
You don't need software to tell you that's a Windows trojan. Software may be able to tell you which trojan it is, but who cares? In practice, there's no reason to use recognition software unless an organizational policy requires it. Windows malware is so widespread that you should assume it's in every email attachment until proven otherwise. Nevertheless, ClamXav or a similar product from the App Store may serve a purpose if it satisfies an ill-informed network administrator who says you must run some kind of AV application. It's free and it won't handicap the system.
The ClamXav developer won't try to "upsell" you to a paid version of the product. Other developers may do that. Don't be upsold. For one thing, you should not pay to protect Windows users from the consequences of their choice of computing platform. For another, a paid upgrade from a free app will probably have all the disadvantages mentioned in section 7.
9. It seems to be a common belief that the built-in Application Firewall acts as a barrier to infection, or prevents malware from functioning. It does neither. It blocks inbound connections to certain network services you're running, such as file sharing. It's disabled by default and you should leave it that way if you're behind a router on a private home or office network. Activate it only when you're on an untrusted network, for instance a public Wi-Fi hotspot, where you don't want to provide services. Disable any services you don't use in the Sharing preference pane. All are disabled by default.
10. As a Mac user, you don't have to live in fear that your computer may be infected every time you install software, read email, or visit a web page. But neither can you assume that you will always be safe from exploitation, no matter what you do. Navigating the Internet is like walking the streets of a big city. It can be as safe or as dangerous as you choose to make it. The greatest harm done by security software is precisely its selling point: it makes people feel safe. They may then feel safe enough to take risks from which the software doesn't protect them. Nothing can lessen the need for safe computing practices.

HT1507 I do not see a firewall tab when going to System Preferences Sharing?

I do not see a firewall tab when going to System Preferences>Sharing.
I am unable to make or receive iChat video calls.
Trying to figure out what is going on with my router.

Hi,
For others.
The Firewall is in System Preferences > Security > Firewall
There are then slight variances in Leopard and Snow Leopard/Lion about when you turn it ON and when you can access the Advanced Button
If it is set to ON then you need to go to the Advanced Button and Enable Allow Signed software
You may also need to add iChat (Or message beta) to the List.
NOTE
Enabling Stealth will stop iChat/Messages from working.
8:28 PM Wednesday; March 28, 2012
Please, if posting Logs, do not post any Log info after the line "Binary Images for iChat"
 iMac 2.5Ghz 5i 2011 (Lion 10.7.3)
 G4/1GhzDual MDD (Leopard 10.5.8)
 MacBookPro 2Gb (Snow Leopard 10.6.8)
 Mac OS X (10.6.8),
"Limit the Logs to the Bits above Binary Images."  No, Seriously

System preference/sharing lock icon permissions

i would like to find a log of system preferences / sharing , that would show when the lock icon is becoming unlocked on its own.
the OS is up to date with current software updates.
when i do open system preference / sharing from the doc, sharing is unlocked.
this has happened many times.
now i keep system preference sharing or network in eyeball view during any session and off to the side so i can watch the lock icon. and the lock icon stays in a lock position. i have expereinced that if i close system preference and then re open some other time days, the lock icon would be open in sharing or network.
I have searched in console logs, yet i do not know precisly what key words or phrases or alphanumeric combo would or could id actions in system preferences or if i could actually find any hint of unlock action of and in system preferences in console. every other action detail is in there, so it seems.
what could i do.
thank you

Open the Security pane of System Preferences and check whether System Preferences is set to require a password to unlock each secure pane. If it's not, simply being logged in as an administrator will unlock all the panes except for Accounts.
(45190)

What is the default key command for the COMMAND key?I seem to have changed it somehow along the way and now when I push the command key it hides all windows or shows desk top I need to correct this as soon as possible-.any ideas?

What is the default key command for THE COMMAND (apple) key? I seem to have changed it somehow along the way and now when I push the command key (only) it hides all open windows and shows the desk top and when I push it again it shows all windows again...I need to return to default A.S.A.P. just this one key...Any ideas? Thanks in advance...

Go to
 > System Preferences > Keyboard
Click on the 'Keyboard' tab and hit the 'modifier keys...' button. You can see and change the defaults there.
As I'm not sure if all the labels are the same in Lion, he's a screenshot from Snow Leopard. It should be similar enough:

What are the default parameters for PER_EVENTS api

Dear Experts,
Can you tell us what are the default parameters for PER_EVENTS API.Here below I have pasted the API.
procedure create_event
(p_validate in BOOLEAN default FALSE
,p_date_start in DATE
,p_type in VARCHAR2
,p_business_group_id in NUMBER default NULL -- HR/TCA merge
,p_location_id in NUMBER default NULL
,p_internal_contact_person_id in NUMBER default NULL
,p_organization_run_by_id in NUMBER default NULL
,p_assignment_id in NUMBER default NULL
,p_contact_telephone_number in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_date_end in DATE default NULL
,p_emp_or_apl in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_event_or_interview in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_external_contact in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_time_end in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_time_start in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute_category in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute1 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute2 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute3 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute4 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute5 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute6 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute7 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute8 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute9 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute10 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute11 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute12 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute13 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute14 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute15 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute16 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute17 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute18 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute19 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_attribute20 in VARCHAR2 default NULL
,p_party_id in NUMBER default NULL -- HR/TCA merge
,p_event_id out nocopy NUMBER
,p_object_version_number out nocopy NUMBER
);

From the menu bar, select
 ▹ System Preferences... ▹ Network
Click the Assist me button and select Assistant. Follow the prompts.

What are the default settings for ethernet, shows connected but no internet

What are the default settings for ethernet ? shows connected but no internet via ethernet.
It used to work fine but I think i have changed something getting my airport to work.
Now i only get internet via wifi.
Thanks in advance

From the menu bar, select
 ▹ System Preferences... ▹ Network
Click the Assist me button and select Assistant. Follow the prompts.

System preferences, sharing, remote management?

Hello,
Could someone tell me where I can find more information of how to use remote management that is under system preferences, sharing. What is the difference between screen sharing and remote management? It will be a great help as I am learning my way round my mybook and this feature would be of great help.
Thanks!

Hi Allan,
Open System Preferences (Applications folder) and click the Sharing icon. Very bottom right of that window click the ? mark. That will prompt the Help Viewer for the Sharing preferences. You can type in keywords at the top of that window in the search field. Example: Remote Management
Mac OS X: About File Sharing
Carolyn
Message was edited by: Carolyn Samit

What is the default buffer size if we dont specify in buffer write?

If we dont specify what is the default buffer size in BufferedWriter. How to increase/decrease the size of it?
What is the purpose of flush?
If flush() is not used, only partial content is written to the file. Is it because of the default size of the buffer.

THis is the bufferedwriter class, it helps to look at them, look at the bold underlined, thats answers your defualt buffer size
* @(#)BufferedWriter.java 1.26 03/12/19
* Copyright 2004 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
* SUN PROPRIETARY/CONFIDENTIAL. Use is subject to license terms.
package java.io;
* Write text to a character-output stream, buffering characters so as to
* provide for the efficient writing of single characters, arrays, and strings.
* The buffer size may be specified, or the default size may be accepted.
* The default is large enough for most purposes.
* A newLine() method is provided, which uses the platform's own notion of
* line separator as defined by the system property <tt>line.separator</tt>.
* Not all platforms use the newline character ('\n') to terminate lines.
* Calling this method to terminate each output line is therefore preferred to
* writing a newline character directly.
* In general, a Writer sends its output immediately to the underlying
* character or byte stream. Unless prompt output is required, it is advisable
* to wrap a BufferedWriter around any Writer whose write() operations may be
* costly, such as FileWriters and OutputStreamWriters. For example,
* <pre>
* PrintWriter out
* = new PrintWriter(new BufferedWriter(new FileWriter("foo.out")));
* </pre>
* will buffer the PrintWriter's output to the file. Without buffering, each
* invocation of a print() method would cause characters to be converted into
* bytes that would then be written immediately to the file, which can be very
* inefficient.
* @see PrintWriter
* @see FileWriter
* @see OutputStreamWriter
* @version 1.26, 03/12/19
* @author Mark Reinhold
* @since JDK1.1
public class BufferedWriter extends Writer {
private Writer out;
private char cb[];
private int nChars, nextChar;
private static int defaultCharBufferSize = 8192;
* Line separator string. This is the value of the line.separator
* property at the moment that the stream was created.
private String lineSeparator;
* Create a buffered character-output stream that uses a default-sized
* output buffer.
* @param out A Writer
*public BufferedWriter(Writer out) {*
* this(out, defaultCharBufferSize);*
* Create a new buffered character-output stream that uses an output
* buffer of the given size.
* @param out A Writer
* @param sz Output-buffer size, a positive integer
* @exception IllegalArgumentException If sz is <= 0
public BufferedWriter(Writer out, int sz) {
 super(out);
 if (sz <= 0)
 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Buffer size <= 0");
 this.out = out;
 cb = new char[sz];
 nChars = sz;
 nextChar = 0;
 lineSeparator = (String) java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
new sun.security.action.GetPropertyAction("line.separator"));
/** Check to make sure that the stream has not been closed */
private void ensureOpen() throws IOException {
 if (out == null)
 throw new IOException("Stream closed");
* Flush the output buffer to the underlying character stream, without
* flushing the stream itself. This method is non-private only so that it
* may be invoked by PrintStream.
void flushBuffer() throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 ensureOpen();
 if (nextChar == 0)
 return;
 out.write(cb, 0, nextChar);
 nextChar = 0;
* Write a single character.
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void write(int c) throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 ensureOpen();
 if (nextChar >= nChars)
 flushBuffer();
 cb[nextChar++] = (char) c;
* Our own little min method, to avoid loading java.lang.Math if we've run
* out of file descriptors and we're trying to print a stack trace.
private int min(int a, int b) {
 if (a < b) return a;
 return b;
* Write a portion of an array of characters.
* Ordinarily this method stores characters from the given array into
* this stream's buffer, flushing the buffer to the underlying stream as
* needed. If the requested length is at least as large as the buffer,
* however, then this method will flush the buffer and write the characters
* directly to the underlying stream. Thus redundant
* <code>BufferedWriter</code>s will not copy data unnecessarily.
* @param cbuf A character array
* @param off Offset from which to start reading characters
* @param len Number of characters to write
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void write(char cbuf[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 ensureOpen();
if ((off < 0) || (off > cbuf.length) || (len < 0) ||
((off + len) > cbuf.length) || ((off + len) < 0)) {
throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
} else if (len == 0) {
return;
 if (len >= nChars) {
 /* If the request length exceeds the size of the output buffer,
 flush the buffer and then write the data directly. In this
 way buffered streams will cascade harmlessly. */
 flushBuffer();
 out.write(cbuf, off, len);
 return;
 int b = off, t = off + len;
 while (b < t) {
 int d = min(nChars - nextChar, t - b);
 System.arraycopy(cbuf, b, cb, nextChar, d);
 b += d;
 nextChar += d;
 if (nextChar >= nChars)
 flushBuffer();
* Write a portion of a String.
* If the value of the <tt>len</tt> parameter is negative then no
* characters are written. This is contrary to the specification of this
* method in the {@linkplain java.io.Writer#write(java.lang.String,int,int)
* superclass}, which requires that an {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} be
* thrown.
* @param s String to be written
* @param off Offset from which to start reading characters
* @param len Number of characters to be written
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void write(String s, int off, int len) throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 ensureOpen();
 int b = off, t = off + len;
 while (b < t) {
 int d = min(nChars - nextChar, t - b);
 s.getChars(b, b + d, cb, nextChar);
 b += d;
 nextChar += d;
 if (nextChar >= nChars)
 flushBuffer();
* Write a line separator. The line separator string is defined by the
* system property <tt>line.separator</tt>, and is not necessarily a single
* newline ('\n') character.
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void newLine() throws IOException {
 write(lineSeparator);
* Flush the stream.
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void flush() throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 flushBuffer();
 out.flush();
* Close the stream.
* @exception IOException If an I/O error occurs
public void close() throws IOException {
 synchronized (lock) {
 if (out == null)
 return;
 flushBuffer();
 out.close();
 out = null;
 cb = null;
What Flush(); does
Example, you have a file called c, your writer is b and buffereredwriter is a. so your programs calls a, a talks to b, and b talks to c. when you call the Flush method, the information is sent to the outfile which is c immediately before you even close the file, because when you write to the file, it does not write directly, it writes to a buffer, so flush actually causes the buffer to write to file. Also if you call the close method on that file without the flush, the buffer will still get flushed.
consider BufferedWriter c = new BufferedWriter(new PrintWriter("c:\\c"));
you wrap printwriter into a buffered writer, now if you close this "connection" to the file, the buffer will get flushed, noting that all the data is sitting in the buffered and not yet in the file, and this happens if something dont break...

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