Tablespace and datafiles

I have 3 test databases with Oracle 11.2.3 on the same box
data.dbf and index.dbf were deleted from 2 of the databases in SQL and now EP Manager can't get to any of the tablespaces.  when clicking on Server - Tablespace i get the following error:
java.sql.SQLException: ORA-01116: error in opening database file 2 ORA-01110: data file 2: '/u02/oradata/LAWTEST/dev_data01.dbf' ORA-27041: unable to open file IBM AIX RISC System/6000 Error: 2: No such file or directory Additional information: 3 Additional information: 4 Additional information: 4194304
I have tried dropping the tablespaces and refreshing the database from a Prod backup but no luck and have been searching the web for any info.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Hi,
I would like to ask where is stored in the database
the information regarding the tablespace and
datafiles (for example for a tablespace which
datafiles belong?). Is it in controlfile? I think no.
Where is it?
Thank you,
MihaelaHi,
You may query DBA_TABLESPACES or V$TABLESPACE to views to gain information on tablespaces. Similarly, DBA_DATA_FILES and V$DATAFILE views will list you the details related to the data files like tablespace name/id, file location ......etc..
Regards

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    SQL> /
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    /data3/trgt/cnt_tst01.dbf
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    /oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/UNNAMED00009
    9 rows selected.
    SQL> alter database create datafile '/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/UNNAMED00008' as '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf';
    Database altered.
    SQL> alter database create datafile '/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/UNNAMED00009' as '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST03.dbf';
    Database altered.
    SQL>  select name from v$datafile;
    NAME
    /data/trgt/system01.dbf
    /data/trgt/sysaux01.dbf
    /data/trgt/undotbs01.dbf
    /data3/trgt/move/users01.dbf
    /data3/trgt/user02.dbf
    /data3/trgt/users03.dbf
    /data3/trgt/cnt_tst01.dbf
    /data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf
    /data3/trgt/CNT_TST03.dbf
    9 rows selected.after above was done, went back to session 1 and tried recovered the DB
    RMAN> recover database;
    Starting recover at 29-FEB-12 14:06:16
    using channel ORA_DISK_1
    starting media recovery
    archived log for thread 1 with sequence 13 is already on disk as file /redo_archive/trgt/online/redo01.log
    archived log for thread 1 with sequence 14 is already on disk as file /redo_archive/trgt/online/redo02.log
    archived log for thread 1 with sequence 15 is already on disk as file /redo_archive/trgt/online/redo03.log
    archived log file name=/redo_archive/trgt/online/redo01.log thread=1 sequence=13
    archived log file name=/redo_archive/trgt/online/redo02.log thread=1 sequence=14
    archived log file name=/redo_archive/trgt/online/redo03.log thread=1 sequence=15
    media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
    Finished recover at 29-FEB-12 14:06:17
    RMAN> alter database open resetlogs;
    database opened
    new incarnation of database registered in recovery catalog
    starting full resync of recovery catalog
    full resync complete
    starting full resync of recovery catalog
    full resync complete
    RMAN> exit
    Recovery Manager complete.
    [oracle@berry trgt]$
    [oracle@berry trgt]$
    [oracle@berry trgt]$ sq
    SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Feb 29 14:07:18 2012
    Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.
    Connected to:
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
    SQL> alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT="dd-mon-yy hh24:mi:ss:
      2
    SQL>
    SQL> alter session set NLS_DATE_FORMAT="dd-mon-yy hh24:mi:ss";
    Session altered.
    SQL> select count(*) from test.t2;
    select count(*) from test.t2
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-00376: file 8 cannot be read at this time
    ORA-01110: data file 8: '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf'
    SQL> select max(c1) from test.t2;
    select max(c1) from test.t2
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-00376: file 8 cannot be read at this time
    ORA-01110: data file 8: '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf'
    SQL> alter database datafile 8 online;
    alter database datafile 8 online
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-01190: control file or data file 8 is from before the last RESETLOGS
    ORA-01110: data file 8: '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf'
    {code}
    so what did i do wrong in my recovery that i could not get my data?? how can i avoid this?? and restore my DB?
    Edited by: user8363520 on Feb 29, 2012 12:24 PM                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                

    user8363520 wrote:
    Here i have tried to the following
    created new table called t2 and made sure data went to a specific tablespace...
    took a level 0 backup
    removed the control file
    added couple of datafile to above tablespace and then inserted more data
    then went out to restore control file and the database...but datafile still could not be opened ?? what did i do wrong here....
    SQL> @datafile
    -- list of datafile
    Tablespace File Typ Tablespac File Stat    Used MB    Free MB    FILE_MB    MAXMB Datafile_name                     FILE_ID AUT
    UNDOTBS1   Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE         16         84        100    1,024 /data/trgt/undotbs01.dbf ;               3 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE       1153        895       2048    3,072 /data3/trgt/user02.dbf ;                 5 YES
    CNT_TST    Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE          1          9         10        0 /data3/trgt/cnt_tst01.dbf ;              7 NO
    SYSAUX     Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE        626         35        660   32,768 /data/trgt/sysaux01.dbf ;                2 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE       2031         17       2048    2,048 /data3/trgt/move/users01.dbf ;           4 YES
    SYSTEM     Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE        712         58        770   32,768 /data/trgt/system01.dbf ;                1 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE         65         35        100   32,768 /data3/trgt/users03.dbf ;                6 YES
    7 rows selected.
    -- new table is created called t2 and its going into TS called cnt_tst
    SQL> CREATE TABLE TEST.T2
    C1  DATE,
    C2  NUMBER,
    C3  NUMBER,
    C4  VARCHAR2(300 BYTE)
    TABLESPACE cnt_tst;  2    3    4    5    6    7    8
    Table created.
    -- data inserted
    SQL> INSERT INTO
    test.T2
    SELECT
    FROM
    (SELECT
    SYSDATE,
    ROWNUM C2,
    DECODE(MOD(ROWNUM,100),99,99,1) C3,
    RPAD('A',300,'A') C4
    FROM
    DUAL
    CONNECT BY
    LEVEL <= 10000)
    ;   2    3    4    5    6    7    8    9   10   11   12   13   14   15
    10000 rows created.
    SQL> commit;
    Commit complete.
    -- to check of cnt_tst has any free space or not, as we can see its full
    SQL> @datafile
    Tablespace File Typ Tablespac File Stat    Used MB    Free MB    FILE_MB    MAXMB Datafile_name                     FILE_ID AUT
    UNDOTBS1   Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE         16         84        100    1,024 /data/trgt/undotbs01.dbf ;               3 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE       1153        895       2048    3,072 /data3/trgt/user02.dbf ;                 5 YES
    SYSAUX     Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE        626         35        660   32,768 /data/trgt/sysaux01.dbf ;                2 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE       2031         17       2048    2,048 /data3/trgt/move/users01.dbf ;           4 YES
    SYSTEM     Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE        712         58        770   32,768 /data/trgt/system01.dbf ;                1 YES
    USERS      Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE         65         35        100   32,768 /data3/trgt/users03.dbf ;                6 YES
    CNT_TST    Datafile ONLINE    AVAILABLE         10          0         10        0 /data3/trgt/cnt_tst01.dbf ;              7 NO
    7 rows selected.
    SQL> select count(*) from test.t2;
    COUNT(*)
    10000
    1 row selected.
    -- to get a count and max on date
    SQL> select max(c1) from test.t2;
    MAX(C1)
    29-feb-12 13:47:52
    1 row selected.
    SQL> -- AT THIS POINT A LEVEL 0 BACKUP IS TAKEN (using backup database plus archivelog)
    SQL> -- now control files are removed
    SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
    NAME
    /ctrl/trgt/control01.ctl
    /ctrl/trgt/control02.ctl
    2 rows selected.
    SQL>
    SQL> ! rm /ctrl/trgt/control01.ctl
    SQL> ! rm /ctrl/trgt/control02.ctl
    SQL> ! ls -ltr /ctrl/trgt/
    ls: /ctrl/trgt/: No such file or directory
    SQL>
    -- new datafile is added to CNT_TST TABLESPACE and new data is added as well
    SQL> ALTER TABLESPACE CNT_TST ADD DATAFILE '/data3/trgt/CNT_TST02.dbf' SIZE 100M AUTOEXTEND OFF;
    Tablespace altered.
    SQL> ALTER SYSTEM CHECKPOINT;
    System altered. Upto this i was clear, but now i cann't understand when you actually dropped the control file from you database(in running stat) how can you perform "alter system checkpoint" and other "alter tablespace.." command? Once controlfile is inaccessible, oracle database is not suppose to function.

  • To capture all the objects from an tablespace and restore.

    Hi All,
    I have a situation in the  Schema  refresh process where i may have  to delete a tablespace  and its datafiles.
    Then I have to recreate it as it was before and restore all it objects .
    Is there any way that i can capture all the objects of that tablespace before it is deleted  and then later restore it back as it was .
    Any Expert sugggestion is highly apprciated .
    The Platform is as below ..
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
    PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
    CORE    11.2.0.2.0      Production
    TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
    NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.2.0 - Production
    Thanks In Advance .

    There are 2 methods you could use with Data Pump.
    1. tablespace mode export.  expdp user/password tablespaces=<your list here> ...
    2. transportable tablespace mode.  expdp user/password transport_tablespaces=<your tablespace list here> ...
      NOTE:  for #2, you need to have your tablespaces in read only mode, then you need to copy the data files, and the
                    tablespaces need to be self contained.
    Hope this helps.
    Dean

  • Tablespace or datafile  creation during recovery

    Hello
    During recovery,
    If there is new tablespace or datafile added in archivelogs or redologs I have to manually issue:
    alter database create datafile .. as ..
    Why doesnt oracle automatically create the datafiles ?

    The datafile doesn't exist in the control file. The control file maintains the physical structure of the database. During the RECOVERy phase, Oracle reads the ArchiveLogs to identify what updates are to be done -- these are mapped in terms of file, block and row. If the file doesn't exist in the controlfile, the rollforward cannot be applied.
    Therefore, the ALTER DATABASE CREATE DATAFILE ... AS .... allows Oracle to "add' the file to the controlfile and then proceed with the rollforward.
    Oracle doesn't automatically create the datafile because it can't know what the target file name is.
    In your backup your datafiles may have been spread across /u01/oradata/MYDB, /u02/oradata/MYDB, /u03/oradata/MYDB and this file may have been in /u03/oradata/MYDB. However, in your target (restored) location the files may be at only two, differently named, mountpoints : /oradata1/REPDB, /oradata/REPDB. Oracle can't decide for you where the new datafile (which was in /u03/oradata/MYDB) should be created -- should it be in /oradata1/REPDB or /oradata/REPDB or, you might have avaialable /oradata3/REPDB which the database instance isn't aware of !

  • Tablespace or Datafile in Backup mode

    Hi,
    Can anyone explain me what happen at the background when a tablespace or a datafile is in backup mode.
    Thanks in advance
    Regards
    Aruna
    Edited by: user11144654 on May 8, 2009 3:10 AM

    The tablespace is checkpointed, the checkpoint SCN marker in the datafile headers cease to increment with checkpoints, and full images of changed DB blocks are written to the redologs.
    Those three actions are all that is required to guarantee consistency once the file is restored and recovery is applied. By freezing the checkpoint SCN in the file headers, any subsequent recovery on that backup copy of the file will know that it must commence at that SCN. Having an old SCN in the file header tells recovery that the file is an old one, and that it should look for the redolog file containing that SCN, and apply recovery starting there. Note that checkpoints to datafiles in hot backup mode are not suppressed during the backup, only the incrementing of the main checkpoint SCN flag. A “hot backup checkpoint” SCN marker in the file header continues to increment as periodic or incremental checkpoints progress normally.
    There is a confusing side effect of having the checkpoint SCN artificially frozen at an SCN earlier than the true checkpointed SCN of the datafile. In the event of a system crash or a ‘shutdown abort’ during hot backup of a tablespace, the automatic crash recovery routine at startup will think that the files for that tablespace are quite out of date, and will actually suggest the application of old archived redologs in order to bring them back into sync with the rest of the database. It is unnecessary, in this case, to heed Oracle’s suggestion. With the database started up in mount mode, simply check v$backup and v$datafile to determine which datafiles were in backup mode at the time the database crashed. For each file in backup mode, issue an ‘alter database datafile '<file name>' end backup;’ This action will update the checkpoint SCN in the file headers to be the same as the hot backup checkpoint SCN (which is a true representation of the last SCN to which the datafile is truly checkpointed. Once this action is taken, it allows normal crash recovery to proceed during the ‘alter database open;’ command.
    By initially checkpointing the datafiles that comprise the tablespace and logging full block images to redo, Oracle guarantees that any blocks changed in the datafile while in hot backup mode will also be available in the redologs in case they are ever used for a recovery.
    It is well understood by much of the Oracle user community that during hot backup mode, a greater volume of redo is generated for changes to the tablespace being backed up than when the tablespace is not in backup mode. This is the result of the logging of full images of changed blocks in these tablespaces to the redologs. Normally, Oracle logs an entry in the redologs for every change in the database, but it does not log the whole image of the database block. By logging full images of changed DB blocks to the redologs during backup mode, Oracle eliminates the possibility of the backup containing irresolvable split blocks. To understand this reasoning, you must first understand what a split block is.
    Typically, Oracle database blocks are a multiple of O/S blocks.  For instance, most Unix filesystems have a default block size of 512 bytes, while Oracle’s default block size is 2k. This means that the filesystem stores data in 512 byte chunks, while Oracle performs reads and writes in 2k chunks, or multiples thereof. While backing up a datafile, your backup script makes a copy of the datafile from the filesystem, using O/S utilities such as copy, dd, cpio, or OCOPY.  As it is making this copy, it is reading in O/S-block sized increments. If the database writer happens to be writing a DB block into the datafile at the same time that your script is reading that block’s constituent O/S blocks, your backup copy of the DB block could contain some O/S blocks from before the database performed the write, and some from after. This would be a split block.
    By logging the full block image of the changed block to the redologs, it guarantees that in the event of a recovery, any split blocks that might be in the backup copy of the datafile will be resolved by overlaying them with the full legitimate image of the block from the redologs. Upon completion of a recovery, any blocks that got copied in a split state into the backup will have been resolved through application of full block images from the redologs.

  • Tablespace with datafiles on many disks

    Hello,
    I am using Oracle 11g R2 on AIX 7.1
    I am planing to create a tablespace where it is datafiles on 4 disks.
    How can I specify a datafile to be on a disk while creating the tablespace?
    Regards,

    NB wrote:
    thanks for the info.
    No i have no control on the disks.
    I am doing that for better performance so I will put each datafile of a tablespace on a disk, and I/O will decrease.
    How can I achieve that ?
    again if the 4 disks are mounted on a single mount point /u01
    Edited by: NB on Mar 17, 2012 11:08 AMRead this.
    Consider the Performance Impact_
    The number of datafiles contained in a tablespace, and ultimately the database, can have an impact upon performance.
    Oracle Database allows more datafiles in the database than the operating system defined limit. The database DBWn processes can open all online datafiles. Oracle Database is capable of treating open file descriptors as a cache, automatically closing files when the number of open file descriptors reaches the operating system-defined limit. This can have a negative performance impact. When possible, adjust the operating system limit on open file descriptors so that it is larger than the number of online datafiles in the database.
    Place Datafiles Appropriately_
    Tablespace location is determined by the physical location of the datafiles that constitute that tablespace. Use the hardware resources of your computer appropriately.
    For example, if several disk drives are available to store the database, consider placing potentially contending datafiles on separate disks.This way, when users query information, both disk drives can work simultaneously, retrieving data at the same time.
    Source:-
    http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/dfiles001.htm

  • Drop tablespace and flashback : ORA-01245: offline file 7 will be lost if RESETLOGS is done

    Hello,
        1 create tablespace TS1
        2  create restore point RP1;
        3 drop tablespace TS1 (datafile  '/c:/ts1.dbf')  including files
        4 restore database to RP1
        5 alter database open resetlogs failed with this error :
            ERROR at line 1:
      ORA-01245: offline file 7 will be lost if RESETLOGS is done
      ORA-01110: data file 7: '/c:/ts1.dbf'
       Can you help me please to fix this issue and to understand why it's occured.

    Hi,
    If you check the alert log you will get message similar to
    Recovery deleting file #7:'<Oracle_Home>/db/dbs/UNNAMED00007' from controlfile.
    Now you have 2 option
    1. If you have backup of that tablespace TS1  then you can restore and recover it
    If you don't need that tablespace then you offline drop that datafile 7 . Open the database in resetlogs mode and then drop tablespace TS1
    Thank you

  • Lost .ARC and media failure on UNDOTBS01 and datafile

    Hi,
    I have media failure in UNDOTBS01.DBF and .dbf datafile.
    Database is 9.2 on windows 2003 server in archiving mode but have lost some .ARC file too.
    I have a export of schema EXPLZHPRDBF in good state.
    I think to drop user EXPLZHPRDBF , re-create schema and impot from .dmp file but when
    go to drop user have some error. I have re-create new UNDOTBS02 undo tablespace, and
    ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS2' scope=BOTH;
    then startup database but have this problem.
    drop USER EXPLZHPRDBF cascade
    Error starting at line 1 in command:
    drop USER EXPLZHPRDBF cascade
    Error report:
    SQL Error: ORA-00604: error occurred at recursive SQL level 2
    ORA-00376: file 2 cannot be read at this time
    ORA-01110: data file 2: 'D:\ORACLE\ORA92\ZHORA01\UNDOTBS01.DBF'
    00604. 00000 - "error occurred at recursive SQL level %s"
    *Cause:    An error occurred while processing a recursive SQL statement
    (a statement applying to internal dictionary tables).
    *Action:   If the situation described in the next error on the stack
    can be corrected, do so; otherwise contact Oracle Support.
    what can I do ? have to create a new instance for import good .dmp file or can be other solution ?
    Edited by: mauro brn on Oct 7, 2009 3:15 PM
    Edited by: mauro brn on Oct 7, 2009 3:16 PM

    In case of missing archived files you can not recover your undo tablespace. It's always a good practice to define more than one destination for your archived log files so in case you lose a file at one destination it could be recoverd from another arc destination. There might be some uncommited information present on your lost undo file that required to be rolled back.
    If you have an export file available then it's better you create a new database and import your data in the new database. In case of doing import, you are going to lose data that was inserted/updated or deleted after you took the export dump.
    http://waqas-dba.blogspot.com

  • TEMPORARY TABLESPACE에서, TEMPFILE을 사용할지, DATAFILE을 사용 할지 결정에 필요한 지침

    제품 : ORACLE SERVER
    작성날짜 : 2003-02-24
    TEMPORARY TABLESPACE에서, 임시 파일을 사용할지, 데이터파일을 사용 할지 결정에 필요한 지침
    ===========================================================================================
    PURPOSE
    이 문서는, TEMPORARY TABLESPACE에서 임시 파일과 데이터파일의 차이점을
    소개하는 데 목적이 있다.
    Explanation
    | TEMPORARY | Tablespace |
    | tablespace | TEMPORARY |
    | Locally | Dictionary |
    | managed | managed |
    | Datafiles | impossible | Y |
    | Tempfiles | Y | impossible |
    ------------------------------------------+
    다른 조합은 허용되지 않는다.
    1. TEMPORARY Tablespace / Tablespace TEMPORARY 와 PERMANENT tablespace 비교
    1) Tablespace TEMPORARY는 오라클 7.3 이상 버젼에서 사용가능하다.
    => Tablespace TEMPORARY는 다음과 같은 명령을 사용하여 생성한다.
    CREATE TABLESPACE .. TEMPORARY
    이 경우 데이터파일만을 사용한다.
    2) TEMPORARY tablespac는 오라클 8i 이상 버젼에서 사용 가능하다
    => TEMPORARY tablespace는 다음과 같은 명령을 사용하여 생성한다
    CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE .. TEMPFILE
    이 경우 tempfile만 사용할 수 있다.
    3) Tablespace TEMPORARY/TEMPORARY tablespace는 DBA_TABLESPACES의
    CONTENTS 값이 TEMPORARY로 나타난다.
    4) Tablespace TEMPORARY/TEMPORARY tablespace 는 PERMANENT
    tablespace와 다르며 (DBA_TABLESPACES.CONTENTS 값이 PERMANENT임)
    permanent segment를 생성 할 수 없다. 예를 들어, permanent table이나
    index, cluster, rollback segment등을 Tablespace TEMPORARY/TEMPORARY
    tablespace에 생성할 수 없다.
    5) Tablespace TEMPORARY/TEMPORARY tablespace 에서는, 단일한
    temporary segment를 제공하며, 이 세그먼트는 다음과 같은
    요구사항을 가진 모든 사용자에 의해 공유된다.
    => sort 작업에 따른 sort extents를 필요로 하는 사용자
    => GLOBAL TEMPORARY TABLE에 필요한 temporary extents
    이와 같은 고유한 temporary segment는 동시에 많은 양의 sort 작업이
    수행되거나, 여러 트랜잭션이 동일한 temporary table을 사용할 때,
    permanent tablespace에서 작업하는 overhead를 피하고, 오라클의
    공간 관리 작업의 부하를 피하는데 도움을 준다.
    6) Temporary segment는 인스턴스 구동후 사용자가 sort extent나
    sort run, 또는 global temporary table 생성등의 요청에 따라
    자동적으로 생성된다.
    7) Temporary segment는 인스턴스 shutdown시 자동적으로 drop 된다.
    8) Temporary Content를 저장하는 테이블스페이스에 대한
    세그먼트의 공간 할당/할당 해제 관련 정보는 V$SORT_SEGMENT와
    V$SORT_USAGE 뷰를 사용하여 확인해 볼 수 있으며, sort segment
    등에 현재 sort를 진행하는 사용 정보를 보여준다.
    9) 위와 같은 작업을 수행하는데 PERMANENT tablespace 보다는
    tablespace TEMPORARY를 사용하는 것이 유리한 점은 <Bulletin No:
    11938>에 자세히 기술되어 있따.
    10) 오라클 8i에서는, 사용자별 default temporary tablespace가 어떤
    종류라도 상관이 없으나, PERMANENT locally managed 방식의 테이블
    스페이스는 지정할 수 없다. 다음은 PERMANENT locally managed 방식의
    테이블스페이스를 default temporary tablespace로 지정하여 발생하는
    에러이다.
    SQL> alter user x temporary tablespace PERM_LOCAL;
    User altered.
    SQL> select * from dba_tables order by 3,2,6,4,7,9,1,5;
    select * from dba_tables order by 3,2,6,4,7,9,1,5
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-03212: Temporary Segment cannot be created in locally-managed tablespace
    오라클 9i에서는 사용자별 default temporary tablespace가
    어떤 TEMPORARY 타입이라도 무방하다.
    => TEMPORARY tablespace locally managed
    => tablespace TEMPORARY dictionary managed
    PERMANENT locally-managed 타입의 테이블스페이스를 사용자의
    TEMPORARY tablespace으로 지정할 때 다음과 같은 에러가 발생한다.
    SQL> alter user x temporary tablespace PERM_LOCAL;
    alter user x temporary tablespace PERM_LOCAL
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-12911: permanent tablespace cannot be temporary tablespace
    2. TEMPORARY Tablespace/Tempfiles 대비 Tablespace TEMPORARY/Datafile
    1) 공간관리
    공간 관리는, locally managed tablespace에서 훨씬 단순하고, 또
    효율적이기 때문에, TEMPORARY tablespace를 사용하는 것이
    바람직하다. Local managedment 방식에서 사용 가능한 유일한
    방식이 temporary tablespace 방식이다.
    SQL> create tablespace temp1
    2 DATAFILE '/ora/ora817/32/oradata/V817/temp1.dbf' size 100M
    3 TEMPORARY
    4 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 128K;
    create tablespace temp1
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-25144: invalid option for CREATE TABLESPACE with TEMPORARY contents
    Dictionary-managed tablespace 대비 locally-managed tableapce의 장점은
    <Bulletin No: 18261>에 자세히 기술되어 있다.
    오라클 8i에서는, sort segment가 locally managed permanent tablespace에
    생성될 수 없으므로, locally managed TEMPORARY tablespace를 사용하여야
    한다.
    Locally managed temporary tablespace는 tempfile을 사용하며, temporary
    tablespace 바깥 데이터에 전혀 영향을 주지 않으면서, temporary tablespace
    관련 데이터에 대한 redo정보가 생성되지 않는다.
    이 테이블스페이스는, standby database나 read-only database에서도
    사용 가능하다.
    2) View
    TEMPORARY tablespace 와 연관된 파일 목록은 V$TEMPFILE 과
    DBA_TEMP_FILES 뷰를 통해 확인할 수 있다.
    SQL> select * from dba_tablespaces;
    TABLESPACE_NAME CONTENTS EXTENT_MAN
    TEMP_TEMPFILE_LOCAL TEMPORARY LOCAL
    TEMP_DATAFILE_DICT TEMPORARY DICTIONARY
    SQL> select STATUS, ENABLED, NAME from v$tempfile;
    STATUS ENABLED NAME
    ONLINE READ WRITE /tcase/oradata/V901/temp_temp01.dbf
    SQL> select FILE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME from dba_temp_files;
    FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
    /tcase/oradata/V901/temp_temp01.dbf TEMP_TEMPFILE_LOCAL
    위 내용은 tablespace TEMPORARY 환경에서 V$DATAFILE 와
    DBA_DATA_FILES를 사용하는 것에 비길 수 있다.
    SQL> select STATUS, ENABLED, NAME from v$datafile;
    STATUS ENABLED NAME
    ONLINE READ WRITE /tcase/oradata/V901/temp_data01.dbf
    SQL> select FILE_NAME, TABLESPACE_NAME from dba_data_files;
    FILE_NAME TABLESPACE_NAME
    /tcase/oradata/V901/temp_data01.dbf TEMP_DATAFILE_DICT
    3) 권한
    Temporary tablespace 또는 tablespace temporary 생성을 위해서는
    CREATE TABLESPACE system privilege가 필요하다.
    4) TEMPORARY Tablespace 생성
    SQL> create TEMPORARY tablespace temp_tempfile_local
    2 TEMPFILE '/ora/V817/temp_temp.dbf' size 100M
    3 EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL UNIFORM SIZE 128K;
    참고: 일부 OS에서는 tempfile block이 실제 액세스 되기
    전 까지 tempfile이 실제로 생성되지 않는다. 이와 같은
    파일 생성 작업이 지체되어 처리 되는 것은, tempfile의
    생성과 크기 조정이 신속하게 처리되는데 도움이 된다.
    그러나, tempfile이 나중에 생성되더라도, 생성 가능한
    충분한 디스크 공간이 있어야 하겠다.
    사용중인 O/S에서 tempfile이 실제 생성되는 시점은
    플랫폼별 매뉴얼에 기술되어 있다.
    Tablespace TEMPORARY의 생성
    SQL> create tablespace TEMP_DATAFILE_DICT
    2 datafile '/tcase/oradata/V901/temp_data.dbf' size 100M
    3 TEMPORARY;
    Tablespace created.
    5) Tempfile/Datafile 제거
    a. 테이블스페이스를 drop 하기 전까지 테이블스페이스의 datafile을
    제거할 수 없다.
    참고: 오라클 9i에서 DROP TABLESPACE 명령에 추가된
    INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES 절을 사용하면, OS로 부터
    관련 데이터파일도 삭제하는 작업을 자동화 할 수 있다.
    b. Temporary tablespace로 부터 tempfile을 삭제하고, 논리 구조를
    비어 있는 상태로 유지할 수 있다.
    => 오라클 8i:
    SQL> alter tablespace TEMP_TEMPFILE_LOCAL
    2 add tempfile '/oradata/V817/temp_temp01.dbf';
    Tablespace altered.
    SQL> alter database tempfile '/oradata/V817/temp_temp01.dbf'
    2 drop;
    Database altered.
    SQL> !ls /oradata/V817/temp_temp01.dbf
    /oradata/V817/temp_temp01.dbf
    위 명령을 수행 한 후, tempfile을 시스템으로 부터 삭제하고,
    나중에 다시 추가 시킬 수 있다.
    SQL> alter tablespace TEMP_TEMPFILE_LOCAL
    2 add tempfile '/oradata/V817/temp_temp01.dbf';
    Tablespace altered.
    => 오라클 9i: OS 파일을 삭제 하기 위해 INCLUDING DATAFILES
    절을 사용할 수 있다.
    SQL> alter database tempfile '/oradata/V901/temp_temp01.dbf'
    2 drop including datafiles;
    Database altered.
    SQL> !ls /oradata/V901/temp_temp01.dbf
    /oradata/V901/temp_temp01.dbf not found
    Temporary tablespace로 부터 모든 tempfile을 삭제하면,
    다음과 같은 에러가 발생할 수 있다.
    SQL> alter table olap.test add primary key (c);
    alter table olap.test add primary key (c)
    ERROR at line 1:
    ORA-25153: Temporary Tablespace is Empty
    ORA-25153
    25153, 00000, "Temporary Tablespace is Empty"
    // *Cause: An attempt was made to use space in a temporary tablespace with
    // no files.
    // *Action: Add files to the tablespace using ADD TEMPFILE command.
    이 에러 메시지는 동시 작업 수행시 디스크를 실제 액세스 하여야
    할 경우 발생하게 된다.
    Example
    Reference Documents
    <Note:132663.1> ORA-03296 Resizing Temporary Locally Managed Tablespace
    <Note:131769.1> ORA-03212 at Instance Startup
    <Note:102339.1> Temporary Segments: What Happens When a Sort Occurs
    <Note:160426.1> TEMPORARY Tablespaces : Tempfiles or Datafiles

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