The best way to enlarge an image for print?

Hello
I've been designing for print for several years. Occasionally I design large display posters/banners (A0, 6-sheet, billboard etc) which use a photographic image. Assuming that the image I have is smaller at 300ppi than the final print, what is the best way to enlarge the image? Based on my experience, it seems that there are three options (to make it simple, the example here assumes that my image is exactly half the size it needs to be printed at. I'm also assuming that the file I will supply to the printer will be a high res pdf exported from Indesign):
1. Set up the Indesign file at 100% size, place the photo and have Indesign upscale the image to 200%. Export a high res pdf for print.
2. Set up the indesign file at 50% size, place the photo with no upscaling by Indesign. Export a high res pdf and have the printer blow it up to 200%.
3. Set up the Indesign file at 100% size, enlarge the photo in Photoshop to 200%, and place the photo with no upscaling in Indesign. Export a high res pdf for print.
I have been advised that having Indesign upscale the image is not a good idea, and I never do this. I guess that option 3 is probably best, with Photoshop doing the work and the resulting pdf being the correct size. However, it's not always possible to do this – some posters are huge which means that the enlarged photo and the high res pdf will both be huge files, and I think also Indesign has a maximum document set up size anyway. So sometimes I use option 2.
So firstly, why is it a bad idea for Indesign to upscale the image (as I say, I never do this, but I would like to know the technical reason)? Secondly, if the choice is between re-sizing myself in Photoshop prior to exporting the pdf, or having the printer enlarge a high res pdf, which is better? When I say 'better' I mean in terms of the quality/sharpness of the end result. Also, I assume that vector elements in my design will not be adversely affected in either scenario, is that assumption correct?
Thanks

Sorry for the added confusion. It appears, after doing some checking in my CS2 apps ( InDesign), there is no setting for DPI / Output Resolution. Only Transparency Flattener Setting. See screen shot below...
If you select Postscript File in the Print Presets, you can access resolution settings for transparency flattening there, too...
in the "Advanced" tab dialog...
But, I like having the option in Illustrator 10 File > Document Setup where I can set the output resolution to whatever is appropriate. In this case ( below ) I've got it set for 5080dpi / 300ppi. You also have Effect > Document Raster Effect Setting where you can select 300ppi ( see screen shot below )...
...and Raster Effects Resolution setting...
I may have misled you because the apps I have are not CS6; but you should be able to follow along in your CS6 apps in various settings dialogs. Mainly, resolution settings can be set in the Print dialog boxes.
The main thing to keep in mind is, because you are enlarging upon output, the base scaled down file must have enough resolution to maintain its appearance at the final size. In the case of 50% or 25% file resolution should be maximum ( for current apps it appears 300ppi is considered high resolution. Most apps now leave output resolution setting adjusted in the RIP / Print driver.
I still use Distiller because it allows me to setup custom PDF settings and save them for future use. You very well may be able to do that in CS6 apps; but I have a tried-and-true workflow that utilizes Distiller as a personal preference.

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