Time machine simply doesn't work...

What's my system?
Hardware Overview:
  Model Name:          iMac
  Model Identifier:          iMac11,1
  Processor Name:          Intel Core i5
  Processor Speed:          2.66 GHz
  Number Of Processors:          1
  Total Number Of Cores:          4
  L2 Cache (per core):          256 KB
  L3 Cache:          8 MB
  Memory:          12 GB
  Processor Interconnect Speed:          4.8 GT/s
  Boot ROM Version:          IM111.0034.B02
  SMC Version (system):          1.54f36
External Drive:  
  Disk Description : Samsung STORY Station Media       Total Capacity : 2 TB (2,000,398,934,016 Bytes)
  Connection Bus : USB                                                         Write Status : Read/Write
  Connection Type : External                                               S.M.A.R.T. Status : Not Supported
  USB Serial Number : 00000011E0931050017E            Partition Map Scheme : GUID Partition Table
OS version:
  OSX 10.6.8
What errors do I see?
Time machine always hangs after backing up ~40GB from an expected ~300GB
Glancing at /var/log/system.log highlights things stating to go wrong with messages like this:
Nov  6 18:01:04 iMac-GL kernel[0]:
Nov  6 18:01:10: --- last message repeated 3 times ---
Nov  6 18:01:10 iMac-GL com.apple.backupd[300]: Error writing to backup log.  NSFileHandleOperationException:*** -[NSConcreteFileHandle writeData:]: Input/output error
Nov  6 18:01:10 iMac-GL com.apple.backupd[300]: Error: (-36) SrcErr:NO Copying /Users/Alex/Music/Alex/FLAC/CD Albums/Delerium - Karma (CD 1)/06-Delerium - Lamentation.flac to /Volumes/TARDIS/Backups.backupdb/iMac-GL/2011-11-06-171903.inProgress/1D3EBFC0- 1CF8-487E-A6C6-40F893C093B1/Macintosh HD/Users/Alex/Music/Alex/FLAC/CD Albums/Delerium - Karma (CD 1)
Nov  6 18:01:10 iMac-GL com.apple.backupd[300]: Stopping backup.
It's not repeatable in as much as the operation never fails at the same file, but the first failure message is always the same, followed by lots of I/O errors and a large number of:
Nov6 18:22:55 iMac-GL com.apple.backupd[300]: Error: (-36) Creating directory iMac-GL <x>
What have I tried...?
At every stage before trying any workaround I have reformatted the external HD, Yes it's HFS+, Yes it's journalled, Yes, it has the appropriate GUID set.
I've removed the external drive itself from being backed up in the time machine preferences.
I've removed system files and applications from the backup.
I've disabled spotlight from monitoring/searching the external drive.
I've verified, repaired, and repaired permissions on all drives - trust me, exhaustiively - including the main HD by booting from the OSX installation disc.
I've tried different external hard drives....
Can anyone offer any advice, or should I stop wasting my time with time machine and just schedule my own rsync????

Hi Pondini,
Many thanks for taking the time to reply.  The link you posted is a useful one too - sadly I've tried every step listed there - methodically too.
I've tried (and seen failures with) another Samsung Story 2TB drive, a Toshiba 1TB drive and a Maxtor 500GB drive.  All drives have had no other data on them - with a single HFS+ partition dedicated to Time Machine.
I'll try giving it a go with pointing Time Machine to my QNAP NAS (it claims dedicated support for TM) and let you know how that goes - but I really wanted TM to work with a stand-alone external drive.
My suspicions mirrored your own - and I was inclined to blame the external drive.  So I tried a few things to try to eliminate it as a culprit:
     - this is one of three 2TB Story drives I have, I soak-tested all of these with my own rsync tasks and had no errors.
     - I've tried different cables, (all that worked faithfully with my rsync jobs), and have ensured that the drive is the only USB peripheral connected (directly) to the machine.
     - Configured a daemon to touch a file on the external drive every 5 minutes (I did this when I suspected that the drive may be 'sleeping' - it wasn't and the daemon made no difference - I disabled it after this experiment).
     - ran the drive off a bench PSU for all of these tests.
After all of this I now suspect the TM software/OSX...

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