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Question

I believe the announcement posted at the top of this board contains errors that are repeated throughout numerous posts on this subject (eg MS update causes problems).
First, the update shown for Win XP (KB2834904) may be incorrect --the CORRECT update may be KB2834903  --at least that is what shows up for my XP-Pro SP3 system.  (The actual update may vary depending on the actual version of Windows Media that is installed.)
Second, from the various posts of users encountering this problem it seems that many have taken the over zealous and aggressive 'solution' of doing a system (restore point) rollback and removing all patches released on 7/9/13.  This is unnecessary, and is not permanently effective.  Simply rolling back all updates will then cause them to show as not installed and still needed the next time the system is scanned for needed updates --probably in the next day or two.
A better solution --(until MS releases a corrected update) is to simply mark the update as hidden by going to:
         Win 7                                                                 Win XP
Windows Update;                                             Windows/Microsoft Update;
right-click on the update;                                 UN-check the box on left for the update AND click on the "+" box
and select hide.                                                 and check the box "Don't show this update again".
The user will then have to monitor the Windows/Microsoft Update for a re-released version of the update.  To monitor the updates for revisions periodically look at either of the KB articles or Microsoft Security Bulletin MS13-057 by googling the numbers.  At the very bottom of the respective document is a section labeled "Revisions".  Curently the only version listed is: V1.0 (July 9, 2013) Bulletin published.   If/when Microsoft releases a revision to fix this update, the version number and date will be incremented along with a brief explanation for the revision.

Answer 1

ATR
I just saw your reply ( http://forums.adobe.com/message/5506470#5506470 ) in another post where you apparently included a picture of the setting you have for your MS Update downloads.  As I noted earlier in this post the devil is in the details.  If the picture is truly the download setting option you have set, then it could explain how this/certain KnowledgeBase updates are getting installed despite your wishes.
The setting I use/recommend --especially until this situation is corrected--
is not:         "Download updates but let me choose whether to install them"                           (2nd choice in the dropdown list)
but rather:  "Check for updates but let me choose whether to download and install them"   (3rd choice in the dropdown list)
The difference may seem subtle, but the option you appear to be using in fact allows the update to actually be downloaded and stored in your PC, then subsequent installation of other desired updates could have the unintended consequence of also installing the undesired update.
The more desirable choice checks only for updates and does not download anything --yet--.  This give you a clear chance to 'hide' the undesired update(s); before they ever get downloaded to your PC.