Trying to understand mail system

I thought that I would have full control on my email boxes through my i4. Meaning when I move or delete emails on my phone they will be in there proper location if I were to log into my account on my computer. But this is not the case, anything I do on my i4 I have to do it again when on my PC. Am I wrong about this or is something wrong?

The behavior you describe is only available if the mail accounts in question are IMAP. Sounds like your mail accounts are POP, and if so the behavior you experience is how a POP account works.

Similar Messages

Trying to understand the sound system

Here's my problem. My mic didn't work (neither the front mic nor the line-in in the rear), so after some research and trial and error I found that if I do
modprobe soundcore
my mic works on both the jacks
But here's where my confusion lies. This is the output of lsmod |grep snd before probing explicitly for soundcore
[inxs ~ ]$ lsmod |grep snd
snd_hda_codec_analog 78696 1
snd_hda_intel 22122 1
snd_hda_codec 77927 2 snd_hda_codec_analog,snd_hda_intel
snd_hwdep 6325 1 snd_hda_codec
snd_pcm_oss 38818 0
snd_pcm 73856 3 snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_pcm_oss
snd_timer 19416 1 snd_pcm
snd_page_alloc 7121 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm
snd_mixer_oss 15275 2 snd_pcm_oss
snd 57786 8 snd_hda_codec_analog,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm_oss,snd_pcm,snd_timer,snd_mixer_oss
soundcore 6146 2 snd
[inxs ~ ]$
So as you can see, soundcore's already loaded, so why do I have to explicitly load it again to get the mic to work?
Once I add soundcore to my MODULES array and reboot, the lsmod output is also the same as above.
So my question is -- what does the explicit loading of soundcore do, that is not done by auto-loading of that module?

Oh... since your topic is Trying to understand the sound system, that puts you (and me) inside the whole world's population... chuckle. But I thought I'd pass along a document written by probably "The" main ALSA developer that I totally stumbled across just 3 days ago.
Go here:
http://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/tiwai/docs/
and download the flavor of your choice of the "HD-Audio" document, or simply view it online. It documents the deepest dive into the current ALSA snd_hda_* layers and issues that I've found to date (but still leaves me wanting).
Why that document isn't plastered across the interwebs is beyond me. I only get 11 hits when I search for it... such are the secrets of the ALSA world I guess.
Last edited by pigiron (2011-08-26 18:26:48)

I am trying to understand my Console System Log Queries, but not having much luck!!

I am trying to understand my MB late 2011, much better than I do, whilst looking through my console messages, I realised I don't have a clue as too whats what, I seem to be getting a lot of system errors - Is this normal?
Why are Mac Books soooo complicated - !
I would copy and paste my system messages - but once again I am 2 thick - don't know which bits - if any would need editing!
Any advise would be a great help.
Thankyou in advance.
la9

You would use the Input button on your remote to set the Input to RGB PC and you'll also need audio cables to the TV because the Mini-DVI does not carry audio using a 3.5mm stereo headphone jack to RCA sound plug. You attach it from the headphone jack of your MacBook to the appropriate input plug on your TV.
When you first hook it up it will probably have the display set in Extended Desktop mode. The Menu Bar and Dock will be on the MacBook display and your background screen on the TV but you can move the cursor onto the TV screen.
In System Preferences>Display on the MacBook screen there should be an Arrangement tab when you have the MacBook hooked up to the TV and both screens working. When you click the Arrangement tab do you see two monitors side by side? One of them will have a Menu Bar at the top. Just click on the Menu Bar and drag it to the second monitor. That will make the second monitor your main screen. You can now use your MacBook in Clamshell Mode with a wired or Bluetooth keyboard and mouse. http://support.apple.com/kb/HT3131 When you disconnect from the TV your Menu Bar will automatically change back to the MacBook.
Or if you want to work on the MacBook screen while showing it on a TV you can check the Mirror Display box on the lower left hand side of the Arrangement tab under the two monitors box.

Mail is trying to modify yours systems setting

I get a pop up that states:
"Mail is trying to modify yours systems setting.
Type your password to allow this."
How do i get rid of this?

See this Apple note: http://support.apple.com/kb/HT1274

Pop accounts and .Mac with Mail system

Iv been trying to learn how to use my iBooks 'mail' system with both my Gmail and .Mac accounts. But, keep coming up with more questions than I can find answers to.
1. Why doesn't mail that I receive or send from my 'mail' programme show up when I go to .Mac and open the mail there? Shouldn't the mail be in both?
2. Same question for folders that I created in both .Mac and the 'mail' system.
3. When using the 'mail' system with POP accounts does deleting mail automatically also delete the mail in the original POP account. In other words if I have the 'mail' system set to delete POP mail for a Gmail account does that also delete the copy over in Gmail?
Just trying to figure out how the 'mail' system works in relation to if I use .Mac. Also, in relation to Gmail. I'm learning that when I'm in .Mac things aren't quite the same.
Thank for the help in advance.

You can access multiple accounts with the Mail.app and each account has its own webmail access that does not reflect all mailboxes available with an email client such as the Mail.app. It is impossible for webmail access with your .Mac account to reflect your Gmail, Yahoo or any other non-.Mac account mailboxes or any user created "On My Mac" location mailboxes which are stored locally on the hard drive.
The same when accessing your Gmail or Yahoo account via webmail access using a browser. Doing so will reflect your Gmail or Yahoo account mailboxes only.
When logged in to your .Mac account via webmail access using a browser, it will reflect your .Mac account's inbox mailbox in Mail and any other .Mac server stored mailboxes in Mail which are located under your .Mac account named icon in the mailboxes drawer only. It will not reflect the mailboxes for any other account, any imported mailboxes or user created "On My Mac" location mailboxes.
> Sounds like what you're saying that in order for both .Mac and my mail.app to sync they both have to be marked ".Mac account" and not "on my Mac". That way they both operate from the main Mac server. Am I heading in the right direction?
Not exactly.
The Mail.app mailboxes drawer includes the following in this order:
* Inbox
* Drafts
* Sent
* Trash
* Junk (only if Junk Mail is set to automatic)
* Smart Mailboxes (only if you have created and are using any Smart Mailboxes)
* Imported Mailboxes (only if you have imported any mailboxes)
* User Created "On My Mac" location mailboxes.
* .Mac account named icon
The Inbox mailbox for each account is located under Inbox in the mailboxes drawer regardless the account type. Open Inbox in the mailboxes drawer by selecting the black triangle beside it pointing it down to reveal the account named Inbox mailbox for each account. Selecting an account named Inbox mailbox in the mailboxes drawer reveals messages received by that account only in the message list. Selecting Inbox in the mailboxes drawer reveals a blended Inbox mailbox for all accounts.
Your .Mac account's Inbox mailbox in the mailboxes drawer is synchronized with the server which is the same behavior with any IMAP account. Messages in your Gmail or Yahoo account's Inbox mailbox are downloaded from the server, not synchronized with the Gmail or Yahoo servers and the same with any POP account. It is impossible for your .Mac account to synchronize the Inbox mailbox for a non-.Mac account.
Go to Mail > Preferences > Accounts and under the Mailbox Behaviors tab for your .Mac account preferences, if you don't store Drafts, Sent, Trash and Junk messages on the server with your .Mac account when using Mail, the account's Drafts, Sent, Trash and Junk mailboxes will be available under the Drafts, Sent, Trash and Junk categories in the mailboxes drawer. All account mailboxes under Drafts, Sent, Trash and Junk in the mailboxes drawer are stored locally on the hard drive.
Open your .Mac account named icon in the mailboxes drawer. All mailboxes under your .Mac account named icon represent/refelect your .Mac account server stored mailboxes when accessing the account via webmail EXCEPT for the account's Inbox mailbox which is located under Inbox in the mailboxes drawer. If you don't select store Drafts, Sent, Trash and Junk messages on the server under the Mailbox Behaviors tab for the account preferences, besides your .Mac account's Inbox mailbox, no other mailboxes are and can be synchronized with the server except for the mailboxes located under your .Mac account named icon in the mailboxes drawer.
When creating a new mailbox, you can select "On My Mac" as the location which is stored locally on the hard drive and will not be synchronized with the server or any server.
Or you can select your .Mac account as the location which will create a server stored mailbox which will be located under your .Mac account named icon in the mailboxes drawer and will be available on the server (via webmail access) and kept synchronized with the server.
No other mailboxes in Mail will be available on the server with your .Mac account via webmail access and this is the same behavior with any email client such as the Mail.app.
> Is this something I should ring up Applecare on to make it simpler to make them match? Or would changing them all to ".Mac account" and the server solve the issue?
Calling AppleCare will be a waste of time because your problem is a lack of knowledge and understanding only. You can't change your Gmail or Yahoo email accounts to a .Mac account with Mail or with any email client since these are separate/different accounts.

Trying to make a system Image disc in windows 8.1 HP envy desktop 700-019

I have been trying to create a system Image on my desktop but I cannot do it, I have followed all the Instructions, tried Memorex discs, tried verbatim discs and tried nexXTECH discs but I always get an error message That there is not enough free space on the back up storage location to back up data error 0x80780048, no option to use a thumb drive and no option to format the disc, the other error code I get is 0x800704C8, File history is turned off and cannot turn it back on.
It tells me to create my own hard drive but when I click E drive to burn the disc to I am back to the error messages, I have next to nothing on this desktop, no pics, no videos, no games, perhaps 20 songs and thats it besides Norton and Microsoft office Home and Student. It has a 2 terabyte hard drive with 12GB of RAM and there is no way this could be full, I just do not understand what is going on.
Can anyone help please.
This question was solved.
View Solution.

Perform a hard disk image backup to an external hard drive using Macrium Reflect Free, not the trial version, for optimal results.
http://www.macrium.com/reflectfree.aspx
Trying to perform this to DVD or USB stick is doomed to fail and not very reliable.
Please mark my post as SOLVED if it has resolved your problem. It helps others with similar situations.

Trying to understand Android OS updates delays

This is not another hate mail, it´s more about trying to understand the facts and motives regarding the OS updates (or lack of).
Hopefully this material will arrive at someone from Sony with enough power to do something about it.
Ever since I can remember, Sony has been THE brand for electronics. I can´t remember a TV or VCR in my house that it wasn´t Sony, and they lasted for LOTS of years.
When a couple years ago I finally had the money (and the need) for a Smartphone, i chose the X10 Mini, which is a great little phone from a great brand, but it´s stuck at Android 2.1... which makes it a crippled android nowadays...
It really bothered me the lack of OS updates, so I chose to buy a Galaxy Nexus, but it´s really expensive in my country. So my second option was a Galaxy Ace 2, but they haven´t arrived to my country yet, so I went with my third option: Xperia Sola, knowing beforehand that it´s a great phone, a great brand, but I might get slow OS updates.
I bought it about 10 days ago when I saw they were starting to roll out the updates.
10 days later I still don´t have my update. And not only that, but I don´t see much light at the end of the tunnel...
I found a thread with the SI numbers that were updated, and there were a bunch on Oct 1, another bunch on Oct 4, and one code on Oct 8, and no other update since...
I also read that those who did get the update, were having bugs with the OS, and also found threads from other Xperia models, whose updates began rolling 3 months ago, and there is still people who hasn´t gotten the update...
As a customer, and a owner/CEO of a small company, I have a really hard time understanding how a HUGE company like Sony can be making such mistakes...
I have been thinking objective reasons, and I can only think of one. I know it´s a wild guess, but I´m starting to think that our salvation might be the very thing that means our condemnation: CYANOGENMOD!!!
Think about it: Why would Sony spend more money hiring twice as much programmers, when they can make only one update per phone, and sit down and see how CM releases begin to appear, for all tastes and needs. And... IT´s FREE!!!
Also, if there is a software related problem (way more likely than a hardware problem), then the CM developers take the fall, instead of Sony. And I´m beginning to see custom OS installers that are more user friendly, so it might be something that they take in accout when neglecting OS updates.
If that´s the line Sony is following, it´s a very risky move and it won´t work. Sony Mobile will crash and burn, but it´s still a better business plan that "let´s get lazy and make ULTRA slow updates so we don´t spend a lot of money programming".
If you can´t afford more programmers, stop including so much bells and whistles and make your OS near vanilla. Include a couple of Xperia menus, a custom theme and voila!
The main reason I wanted the Galaxy Nexus is Vanilla OS, which means inmediate OS updates. Sony on the other hand, takes a year or two to release it after its launch. If they release it at all...
Another though... why not stop making that many different phones! Really! There are like 5 Xperia models i can´t tell one from the other... even with specs side by side!
You are trying to make too many phones and you are failing with all of them! (Software and software updates are also part of the phone, one of the most importants...)
I know hiring programmers is expensive, but you are sacrificing one of the most expensive values for a company EVER: Customer credibility! Which as you know better than me, takes years to create.
If Apple had problems with carriers and code aprooving and stuff, they might get away with it, becouse they alone have all the devices. If iOS 6 is delayed a few months, it´s delayed for everyone, and besides Apple fanboys rarely complain about Mac products, but Android is a more independent and educated market.
I´m not saying that Apple users are ignorant, not at all, but I´m pretty sure most iPhone owners don´t even know what processor or how much RAM their phone has. They just "swallow" the Apple Way of Life. (it´s a good phone becouse Apple says so).
The Android user on the other side, because of the fragmentation of the market, has many brands and models to choose from. An Android user about to buy a new phone will most likely go online looking for different models, specs, reviews in webs and forums...etc.
You can´t say "I don´t know how HTC and other companies get their updates so soon, but we take a lot more becouse Google and the Operators must aproove the code.", because there are many other brands that have exactly the same difficulties or more, since they are smaller, and we can SEE online that they are indeed delivering solid and relativly fast updates.
Did we miss something? Does HTC use Witchcraft to get their code aprooved?
My underlying point is this: You are getting lazy... VERY lazy with software programming for your phones, and WE KNOW IT!
It´s not the "difficulties" you claim, becouse every brand has those difficulties.
This isn´t 1999 you know. We are in the information age. If you lie to us and tell us that your phones have the latest OS, I can go online and see that you don´t (Hello!!!). If I see that the company lies to it´s customers, I will stop buying their products. If I´m so dissapointed with how Sony handles OS updates and their customers queries about it, then I want for the first time ever to sell my Cell Phone becouse I´m not happy with it, or the brand behind it.
We also live in the "Here and now" age. You can´t expect your customers to read about new Android releases on news and blogs, and wait YEARS with arms crossed waiting for their update... The world doesn´t work like that. Not anymore at least...
It´s not a matter of how many recources you have, it´s about how you use and balance them. GIVE MORE IMPORTANCE TO SOFTWARE UPDATES! IT´S WAY MORE IMPORTANT THAT YOU THINK! LISTEN TO YOUR CUSTOMERS!!!
You guys are Sony are smart and design great products, but you are not GOD! You are not our wife, no one has sworn alliagence to you.
If you stop giving us good products and start lying to us, we hate you and stop giving you our money. Simple as that.
My sola is beatiful, I love the design, the screen, the hardware... but it hasn´t been updated yet to 4.0, not to mention 4.1, which REALLY is the latest version... so stop advertising that your phones have the latest Android OS, unless you want angry customers switching to other companies, which you are getting.
I also read some stories that Androind 4.0 was announced for the Xperia PLAY, and then it was called off... Do you have any idea how pissed I would be and ripped off I would be if I bought my phone based in that information and then you say it won´t be available?
Well, actually right now my possition is worse, since you SAY you will update my phone, but you don´t say when, and I read online about people still not getting their updates months after the rollout started, so I´m in the limbo right now...
As a company, one of the worse things you can do is calling your customers stupid, and when I see the answers you give in this forum, then I feel insulted. I feel like they are talking to an idiot or ignorant person with the so called "diplomatic" answers, which are basicly empty excuses for not doing your job right.
You gave us the frikking CDs, DVDs and Blu-Rays!!! Don´t tell us you can´t tweak an already built OS in a year!
I really hope you change their OS update policies really soon, before you lose the already small cellphone market share you have, or at least change your P.R. and C.M. policies towards a more open one.
We all are humans and make mistakes, but we customers really appreciate honesty and truth.
Have an open conversation with your customers! Don´t lie about your shortcomings! Accept then and ask the community to help you solve them, ask them what they biggest problems are, what features are most important to them, how often do they expect updates... LISTEN TO THEM!!
"Succes is a meneace. It tricks smart people into thinking they can´t lose."
Ps: Nothing personal with the mods from this forum, I´m not killing the messenger, I know that you can ONLY give the info you are allowed to give, and even if you wanted, you probably don´t know the answers yourself, since you work in the Communications department, not Developement or anything technical, and if you can't give any given info, then they probably won´t give it to you either... My message is to the company as a whole. I just hope you will be a good messenger and give this to whoever needs to read it.

My bad, it´s closer to 40 the number of phones released hehe
I know it´s all about money, and I know Sony is obligated to neglect users who haven´t given them money after an x ammount of time. However, it´s not a matter of making the phones obsolete earlier, so the users want to buy a new phone faster and therefore getting more money.
A person will buy a new phone when he/she has the money to do so and wants to do so.
It´s not a matter of WHEN. It´s a matter of WHAT.
The question is not "When will that user buy a new phone?", but rather "When that user buys a new phone, whenever that is, what phone will it be?"
I have a love/hate relationship with Apple. I would never use a iPhone. I would love having any Mac, if someone gives it to me, but I would never spend my harn earned dollars on such an overpriced piece of hardware over general principals.
However, i do recognice that Steve Jobs was a business genius. Weather you like or love his ideas and methods, he turned a garage project into the biggest company in the world, with a market value higher than Exxon with 1/3 of it´s assets.
Apple is a money making machine, and that is where the "hate" part of my relationship comes from.
However, it surprised me a lot to see that they released iOS 6 for the iPhone 3GS, released in 2008!
That get´s you thinking, that inside all that "SELL NOW" culture Apple is, they also support their older devices that people bought years ago but can't buy a new phone now. However, when they can do it, it will surely be another iPhone. Because they FEEL that the company listens and cares for them.
Also if you jump from iOS 6 on the 3 GS to a brand new iPhone 5, the transition will be virtually non-existant, except for Siri and a couple of features.
However jumping from Android 1.5 or 2.1 to Jelly Bean, might not be so easy on some users, making them more likely to give iPhone a shot.
Since they have to adapt to another phone anyway, they might as well try the apple...
And for old users, it gives people a sense of continuity and care about the user. Otherwise we feel like being kicked out of a restaurant right after we payed the bill.

Trying to understand OIM - Please help

Hello All,
I am pretty new to OIM, just trying to understand how OIM works. For the past 4 years I was in Sun IdM and planning to switch over to OIM.
I read some documentation, I think OIM will perform basic provisioning and it contains out of box connectors to do basic provisoning. I have some questions can anybody please help
- Sun IdM uses Express language to develop custom workflows or forms, in OIM to develop workflows which language did you use, is it Java or any other language?
- If I want to provision users on AS/400, HP Open VMS or AIX systems, how can I do that I don't see any out of box connectors for these resources, so in order to integrate these resources do we need to write our own custom connectors?
- If the out of box connector does not support a specific function on a resource what are the options do we have? for example if the AD connector does not support to delete the exchange mailbox, how your going to perform this in OIM? Do we need to write a Java code for this?
- How much Java coding is necessary in OIM?
- Is OIM supports role based provisioning?
Please share any information.
Thanks in advance.

Sun IdM uses Express language to develop custom workflows or forms, in OIM to develop workflows which language did you use, is it Java or any other language?
- JAVA
If I want to provision users on AS/400, HP Open VMS or AIX systems, how can I do that I don't see any out of box connectors for these resources, so in order to integrate these resources do we need to write our own custom connectors?
- If OOTB connectors are not available then you'll have build you own connector as per Target Resource.
If the out of box connector does not support a specific function on a resource what are the options do we have?
- You'll have customize their connector as per your requirements or write your own
How much Java coding is necessary in OIM?
- We can't calculate how much java. It's totally depends on requirements how much code you'll ahve to write. But everything will be done using Java only.
- Is OIM supports role based provisioning?
Here Group represent Role. At a small scale it supports. But for large scale you'll have to use Oracle Role Manager as you do in Sun Role Manager.

I have a macbook and I just upgraded to Lion upgraded my iTunes software also setup a gmail acct in addition to my aol acct...just checked diagnostics and the connection doctor says I'm connected with server for both mail systems, but I'm not getting mail

I have a macbook and I just upgraded to Lion, downloaded the new software for Itunes and added a gmail account in addition to my existing aol account. Altho both mail systems are visible in my mail account I'm no longer receiving emails from either account. I checked the mail doctor and both accounts are connected to the server, but I can't figure out why I'm not receiving emails any longer. I'm trying to clean-up my stuff before I add my new Iphone, but I must admit all of this is rather daunting. Also does anyone know when tech support is available? it must be PST cause no one is there at 8AM EST!

Hello,
It isn't the fw in Network you want o use or look at, that's for something completely different.
My first suspect is the Power Adapter on the LaCie has gone.
At the Apple Icon at top left>About this Mac, then click on More Info, then click on Hardware>Firewire, what is listed there?
Reset the Firewire bus
If your Firewire or USB isn't recognizing any device. A solution which has worked for some whose hard drive became invisible in 10.4 was simply to follow these four steps to reset the Firewire/USB bus:
1. Shut the machine down.
2. UNPLUG the power lead to the computer and any firewire/USB drive or devices.
3. leave it for 10 minutes.
4. Connect back up and reboot.
http://www.macmaps.com/firewirebug2.html

How to cooperate the current mail system with Sun Java Commnication Suite 5

Dear all and Shane,
Excuse me for bothering you again.
Due to time limited, I would like to know how to cooperate the current mail system with Sun Java Commnication Suite 5. I mean I would like to use current mail system (mailscanner + postfix + courier-IMAP + clamav + spamassassin + webmail) and use the outlook connector to connect to Sun Java COMMS 5 to share the calendar, contacts only.
Right now I have done the testing by using outlook, mac mail, thunderbird to share calendar,contacts via Sun Java COMMS 5 in Centos Linux 5.
My plan is as following
1. Sun Java Communication suites 5 server ( I called it comms5 ) will be in DMZ zone and will open the necessary ports in firewall.
2. I will create more than six sub domain name in Sun Delegate server and the necessary accounts within these domain names.
3. All messages will be transmitted via Postfix and clients will retrieve from Courier-IMAP
4. All Clients included other branch offices will use different mail clients to share their calendars, contacts via COMMS5 ( But how will COMMS handle the messages such like invitation ? )
Any suggestions will appreciate.
PS: Is it possible to classify the contacts in outlook address book ?
For example, when user click the receiver, it will show like as following
GLOBAL ADDRESS BOOK
--Director
--and so on
----CN.BRANCH OFFICE
-----------CN01 EMAIL ADDRESS
-----------CN02 EMAIL ADDRESS
-----------CN03 EMAIL ADDRESS
and so on
----JP.BRANCH OFFICE
-----------JP01 EMAIL ADDRESS
-----------JP02 EMAIL ADDRESS
-----------JP03 EMAIL ADDRESS
and so on
----TW.BRANCH OFFICE
and Due to the user account is located in CN.BRANCH OFFICE, it will extend the CN.BRANCH OFFICE contacts level.
Excuse me for bad English, hope you can understand it.
Best Regards,
Bruce

Dogz wrote:
Due to time limited, I would like to know how to cooperate the current mail system with Sun Java Commnication Suite 5.
I mean I would like to use current mail system (mailscanner + postfix + courier-IMAP + clamav + spamassassin + webmail) and use the outlook connector to connect to Sun Java COMMS 5 to share the calendar, contacts only.Getting your current mail system to 'co-operate' in this way will require more time then simply migrating the accounts of users on the current mail system to the comm-suite-5 installation and making use of UWC for Webmail access and ClamAV/SpamAssassin integration within the messaging MTA.
Also the use of Outlook Connector with a non-Sun IMAP backend isn't supported, nor is the use of a non-Sun IMAP backend possible with UWC.
Right now I have done the testing by using outlook, mac mail, thunderbird to share calendar,contacts via Sun Java COMMS 5 in Centos Linux 5. Once again I should remind you that CentOS is not a supported platform for comm-suite-5
Regards,
Shane.

I have just bought a Macbook Pro and sync data from my old version onto the new one...However when I tried opening the mail client...Message window does not appear.

I have just bought a Macbook Pro and sync data from my old version onto the new one...However when I tried opening the mail client...Message window does not appear. The old Macbook Pro I was using used Snow Leopard. Now with the new it is a Lion. Toruble now when I click onto new message window I have the spinning icon which show it is trying to load. However it fails and Im left with having to Force Quit it. How can I resolve this problem

Tunes: How to move [or copy] your music to a new computer [or another drive] - http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4527
Quick answer if you use iTunes default preferences settings: Copy the entire iTunes folder (and in doing so all its subfolders and files) intact to the other drive. Start iTunes with the option (shift on Windows) key held down and guide it to the new location of the library.
Downloading (using iOS or computer) past purchases from the App Store, iBookstore, and iTunes Store - http://support.apple.com/kb/ht2519 - enabled with iTunes 10.3 and newer; not available in all countries; apps, books (not audiobooks), music, t.v. shows, and movies (some - not all studios have permitted this). Movies currently available in the USA only. Downloading previously purchased movies and TV shows requires iTunes 10.6 or later. Discontinued items not available. For items not included in the iCloud list (e.g., ringtones), or locations or computer systems where iCloud is not (yet?) available, you only get one download per fee paid. Apple notes it is your responsibility to back up your purchases.
Select the store on the left side of iTunes.
Click on Purchased on the right side under Quick Links.
You can re-download your available previous purchases.

Trying to understand and learn how to use btrfs

I have been the past days trying to get my head around how btrfs works
I have been trying tools like mkinitcpio-btrfs (very poorly documented) and now, if i list the subvolumes i have in certain volume (/) i see i have 4 subvolumes that have been created while playing around.
If i try to delete them with "sudo btrfs subvolume delete __active", for example, I get a "ERROR: Error accessing '__active'
What am I doing wrong?
Also, I cannot get the whole idea about the difference between snapshots and subvolumes, i mean, a snapshot should be a directory that saves the changes made on the fs, s, if you want to roll back those changes, you just have to make btrfs "forget" the changes stored in that directory and move along, but I cannot take the idea of the subvolume thing.....
As btrfs is quite experimental and the wikis are not noob-proof still, I'd appreciate if someone gave me a hand trying to understand these concept...
For the moment, I'm just using it on a test computer and on a personal laptop with no fear of data loss,.
Any help is welcome
Thanks!
Last edited by jasonwryan (2013-07-19 23:13:27)

I honestly think it is probably a better idea to not use mkinitpcio-btrfs. As mentioned above, it is poorly documented, and for me it has never worked right (if at all). It is an unofficial AUR package, and unfortunately our wiki still seems to give the false impression that using this package is the way to user btrfs with Arch.
The way I have my system set up is that in subvolid=0 (the root of the btrfs filesystem) I have a rootfs subvolume and a home subvolume (there are others, but these are what primarily make up my system). So in my fstab, I basically have two nearly identical lines, but one has no subvol specified and is mounted at /, and the other has 'subvol=home' mounted at /home.
So in order to make it so that I can change the root filesystem as I please, instead of having the / fstab entry specify the subvolume, I put it in the kernel command line. That is, I have 'rootflags=subvol=rootfs' in the kernel command line. So if I want to change it, I simply change the path to one of the snapshots.
Just remember that if you are one who likes a custom kernel, it is likely that you will have to have an initamfs no matter what you compile into your kernel. For one thing, the kernel has no mechanism for scanning for multiple device btrfs filesystems. But also, I have read that the kernel itself cannot handle the rootflags kernel command line argument.
Oracle Linux does something interesting with their default setup. They are not a rolling release, so this probably wouldn't work so well in Arch Linux, but they actually install the root filesystem (I think it is actually done to subvolid=0) and then after installation of the packages, a snapshot of the root filesystem is made, and the system is setup to boot off of that snapshot. So it is almost like having an overlayfs on openwrt. There is always a copy of the original system, and and changes that are being made are being done "on top" of the original. So in the event of an emergency, yo can always get back to the original working state.
If you put your root filesystem on something other than the root of the btrfs filesystem (which you should, as it makes the whole setup much more flexible), then you should also set up a mountpoint somewhere to give administrator access to the filesystem from subvolid=0. For example, I have an autofs mountpoint at /var/lib/btrfs-root. chose that spot because /var/lib is where devtools puts the clean chroot. So it seemed as reasonable a place as any.
You should go to the btrfs wiki, and peruse through the stuff there... not our wiki, but the actual btrfs one, as our wiki is pretty sparse. There is not all that much content there (not like the Arch wiki), but it does cover the features pretty well. I mean, there is certainly quite a lot for being information on only a single filesystem, but it shouldn't take you too long to get through it. There are a few links to articles about midway down the front page. What really gave me a better grasp of getting started with btrfs were the ones titled "How I Got Started with the Btrfs Filesystem for Oracle Linux" and "How I Use the Advanced Capabilities of Btrfs".

Trying to understand BtrFS snapshot feature

I'm trying to understand how the copy-on-write and Btrfs snapshot works.
Following simple test:
<pre>
# cd /
# touch testfile
# ls --full-time testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:04:43.629620401 +0200 testfile
Test 1:
# btrfs subvol snapshot / /snap1
# touch testfile
# ls --full-time testfile /snap1/testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:04:43.629620401 +0200 /snap1/testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:07:38.348932127 +0200 testfile
Test 2::
# btrfs subvol snapshot / /snap2
# touch testfile
# ls --full-time testfile /snap1/testfile /snap2/testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:04:43.629620401 +0200 /snap1/testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:07:38.348932127 +0200 /snap2/testfile
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 2012-10-15 12:09:21.769606369 +0200 testfile
</pre>
According to the above tests I'm concluding/questioning the following:
1) Btrfs determines which snapshot maintains a logical copy and physically copies the file to the appropriate snapshot before it is modified.
a) Does it copy the complete file or work on the block level?
b) What happens if the file is very large, e.g. 100 GB and there is not enough space on disk to copy the file to the snapshot directory?
c) Doesn't it have a huge negative impact on performance when a file needs to be copied before it can be altered?

Hi, thanks for the answers!
I guess calling it "logical copy" was a bad choice. Would calling the initial snapshot a "hard link of a file system" be more appropriate?
Ok, so BTRFS works on the block level. I've done some tests and can confirm what you said (see below)
I find it interesting that although the snapshot maintains the "hard link" to the original copy - I guess "before block image" (?) - there really is no negative performance impact.
How does this work? Perhaps it is not overwriting the existing file, but rather creating a new file? So the snapshot still has the "hard link" to the original file, hence nothing changed for the snapshot? Simply a new file was created, and that's showing in the current file system?
It actually reminds me of the old VMS ODS filesystem, which used file versioning by adding a simicolon, e.g. text.txt;1. When modifying the file the result would be text.txt;2 and so on. When listing or using the file without versions, it would simply show and use the last version. You could purge old version if necessary. The file system was actually structured by records (RMS), similar like a database.
<pre>
[root@vm004 /]# # df -h /
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16G 2.3G 12G 17% /
# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/testfile bs=8k count=1M
1048576+0 records in
1048576+0 records out
8589934592 bytes (8.6 GB) copied, 45.3253 s, 190 MB/s
Let's create a snapshot and overwrite the testfile
# btrfs subvolume snapshot / /snap1
# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/testfile bs=8k count=1M
dd: writing `/testfile': No space left on device
491105+0 records in
491104+0 records out
4023123968 bytes (4.0 GB) copied, 21.2399 s, 189 MB/s
real     0m21.613s
user     0m0.021s
sys     0m3.325s
<pre>
So obviously the there is not enough space to maintain the original file and the snapshot file.
Since I'm creating a complete new file, I guess that's to be expected.
Let's try with a smaller file, and also check performance:
<pre>
# btrfs subvol delete /snap1
Delete subvolume '//snap1'
# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/testfile bs=8k count=500k
512000+0 records in
512000+0 records out
4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB) copied, 21.7176 s, 193 MB/s
real     0m21.726s
user     0m0.024s
sys     0m2.977s
# time echo "This is a test to test the test" >> /testfile
real     0m0.000s
user     0m0.000s
sys     0m0.000s
# btrfs subvol snapshot / /snap1
Create a snapshot of '/' in '//snap1'
# df -k /
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16611328 6505736 8221432 45% /
# time echo "This is a test to test the test" >> /testfile
real     0m0.000s
user     0m0.000s
sys     0m0.000s
# df -k /
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16611328 6505780 8221428 45% /
# btrfs subvol delete /snap1
Delete subvolume '//snap1'
# df -k /
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16611328 6505740 8221428 45% /
The snapshot occupied 40k
# btrfs subvol snapshot / /snap1
Create a snapshot of '/' in '//snap1'
# time dd if=/dev/zero of=/testfile bs=8k count=500k
512000+0 records in
512000+0 records out
4194304000 bytes (4.2 GB) copied, 21.3818 s, 196 MB/s
real     0m21.754s
user     0m0.019s
sys     0m3.322s
# df -k /
Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 16611328 10612756 4125428 73% /
There was no performance impact, although the space occupied doubled.
</pre>

Trying to understand WDS

Hi all,
I'm using three AirPort Extremes to form a WDS. For the sake of brevity, I'll abbreviate their function and MAC addresses as:
Main14
Relay07
Remote2C
All three airports are run in Bridge mode.
Main14 is at the north end of my home. It is connected by ethernet cable to my DLink router. Main14 is set up as the WDS Main and it has been told that there are two remotes, Relay07 and Remote2C.
Relay07 is at the south end of my home. It has been told that the main WDS is Main14 and that there is one remote, Remote2C.
Remote 2C is in an outbuilding south of my home. It has been told that the WDS main is Main14.
I'm puzzled by two things:
1) If I pick up my MacBook, fire up Airport Utility and open three config windows, one for each Airport, and click the wireless client option so I can see what clients are being served by each Airport, and beginning at the north end of my home, I start walking south. When I'm next to the main WDS, I see that Main14 is serving the MacBook at a 54 rate. As I walk away from the main toward the relay (and even further south, the remote), the rate drops. I walk past the relay and the rate to the main keeps dropping. I get out to the outbuilding and I see the MacBook transfer from the main to the remote, Remote2C, and the rate goes back up to 54. The MacBook never transfers to the relay. Why not?
2) Going back to Airport Utility, and again with windows open for each Airport and looking at wireless clients, I can see the three Airports talking to each other. As a typical example,
Main14 sees client Relay07 at rate 11 and also sees client Remote2C at rate 1.
Relay07 sees client Main14 at rate 54 and also sees client Remote2C at rate -1.
Remote2C sees client Main14 at rate 18, but does not see Relay07 at all.
I don't understand two things here. Why doesn't Remote2C see Relay07 as a client? The relay is much closer to the remote than it is to the main. Second, how are any two units talking to EACH OTHER at different rates? If Main14 is talking to Relay07 at 11, shouldn't Relay07 be talking to Main14 at the same rate? But it isn't; Relay07 is talking to Main14 at 54. This doesn't make sense to me.
The practical reason I'm asking this, beyond simply trying to understand how the WDS works, is that my wireless connection in the outbuilding is very erratic. One moment I've got a full strength connection, the next I'm utterly disconnected. So I'm guessing that something isn't quite right here. But I don't know what, and I don't really understand how the system is working, so troubleshooting is a bit of a challenge.
Thanks for any help!
-brian

Hi Brian,
I'm having exactly the same problem, with the slight difference that I'm living in a flat and that the distance between WDS main and WDS relay is 4 meters (with direct line of sight) and the distance between WDS relay and WDS remote is 5 meters... My flat is built around an 'L' shaped corridor with main, relay and remote being each at one point of the 'L'.
Tried also to scan for used channels and took one of the free ones.
Can anybody help?
Thanks,
Buebeli

Trying to understand traffic Flow in a LWAPP wireless configuration.

I'm trying to understand at a high level how wireless traffic flow in the new LWAPP configuration. Based on what I can tell all wireless traffic must flow through the controllers prior to getting onto the LAN.
So lets say I have a LWAPP Access Point off an access switch in a remote closet and my controller is off my core switches. I want to communicate from my wireless PC to a wired PC on this same access switch. The traffic flows from the AP down to the core switch, through the Controller and back up to the access switch to the wired PC.
Is that correct?
If this is true my main concern is supporting APs from a central controller across a low speed WAN. Looks like I would not want to do that...

You're right in your assumption. Data traffic travels from the client to the AP. The AP then encapsulates this data using LWAPP and forwards it to the Controller. The WLC then de-encapsulates (?) it, processes the traffic as necessary and then drops it onto the wired LAN.
So, in your scenario, the wireless client would send data to the AP. This would be encapsulated between the AP and the controller and then sent back again unencapsulated to the wired client.
Regarding using this system over a low speed WAN, there are two ways of doing this.
The first is to use a local WLC at the remote site (e.g. a WLC2006 or the new WLC network module for 2800/3800 ISR routers).
The second is to use AP1030s which are 'Remote Edge Access Points'. These aren't quite as lightweight as the rest of the 1000 Series in that they will bridge local traffic and only encapsulate traffic heading 'off site'. They will also continue to operate if connection back to the WLC is lost (the first WLAN configured on the WLC remains up on the REAP whilst connection to the WLC is lost).
I believe that the recommendation for these is a minimum of 2Mbps WAN connection.

Trying to understand mail system

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for