Two possible ways to speed up Arch on an SSD?

First of all, apologies if a similar post has been made but it's hard to properly summarise this so a search didn't return anything.
I have an SSD/HDD setup on my computer and found the speed increase to be a little disappointing in some aspects. I realised that this is probably because of /usr being mounted on a HDD partiton. I had to do this because the SSD simply isn't big enough to store all my installed programs.
For reference, here is my mounting layout:
/: SSD
/boot: SSD
/usr: HDD
/home: HDD
Things like my DE (KDE) are fast in use but slow to load, presumably because it has to be loaded from the /usr on the HDD. I've had two ideas on possible ways to speed things up:
1: Use symlinks in place of the actual files.
Basically, this would involve making a new folder, say /usr-ssd which would be on the SSD and moving KDE and other systemy things into this folder. Symlinks would then be used in /usr where these files used to reside. I'm not sure whether this would work or not but I see no reason why it shouldn't. The thing is, one of the main advantages of an SSD is the hugely reduced access time. The fact that the HDD still has to load these symlinks before loading the actual files would presumably incur a performance loss. I'm not sure how much this method would help, it could even make things worse because two files have to be accessed instead of one.
2: Have the two /usr folders like before (one HDD and one SSD) and install certain things directly to /usr-ssd.
This would be the better solution because files would be accesses straight from the SSD. Is it possible for Arch installer and Pacman to install certain things to /usr-ssd?
There may be a really simple solution to this, so sorry if I've made a post for something really basic. I want to eek out every bit of performance the SSD has to offer though

clearloon wrote:What worked for me is to put ~/ on the SSD so that all the config files (eg within ~/.kde & ~/.kde4) are on the SSD, but make all the subdirectories where I keep things (eg Documents, Desktop, Videos, Pictures etc...) symlinks to directories on the HDD.
That's pretty much how I've set up my system as well. I have a 60GB OCZ Agility III and have parted it into three partitions for swap (1GB), root (20GB) and home (rest). Temp is mounted into tmpfs. Only for /var I have created a separate partition (20GB) on my HDD.
Home is used for configuration files only, really. Everything for my daily usage such as my music files, downloads and so on is all located on my HDD and I've created soft links from my /home partition to their respective location.
Works like a charm.

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Is there a way to speed up video clips in imovie on ipad

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Is there a way to speed up importing of songs?

When I am importing CD's, it seems extremely slow at times. The display shows 1.0X, and I am guessing that means if the CD is an hour, it is going to take an hour to import? Is there a way to speed this up?
When I posted this question before, the only reply I got was some guy asking about my processor speed. That is not relevant as I do not have ability to improve on that at this time. My question is to ask if there is a way to speed up importing by changing a setting.
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Not much you can do, but here's some of what you have control over:
Bitrate: Higher bitrates take longer to rip.
*Disk Cleanliness*: Dirty, smudged, scratched CDs take longer to rip.
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Is there a way to speed up Firefox?

Is there a way to speed up Firefox (I have the Fasterfox plug in)?
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There are features and browser restrictions which favor Firefox; however, the wait offsets those benefits.
G4 Dual 450 Mac OS X (10.3.9) 1 GB

Hi, Jerry. On my Powerbook G4, with a 1GHz processor and half as much RAM as you have, FireFox 2.0.0.2 opens (to a blank page, which is what I prefer) in 5 seconds — slower than Safari, but nothing like what you're seeing. It loads most pages a little faster than Safari. I've never used FasterFox, and in light of what you report, I certainly won't try it. Maybe you should get rid of it too.
What version of FireFox are you running? Have you emptied its cache lately? Is it possible that whatever you're using for a home page is what's wasting all that time when you start FireFox? You might try choosing another home page, or opening FF to a blank page as I do. You can't blame the app for being slow to load a page that's hosted on a slow server, if that's what's happening.

Is there a way to speed up the response time from the dock

Is there a way to speed up the response time for external hard drives from the dock? I have three external HDs but when I click on the alias in the dock there is always hesitation before it opens. I'm leaning towards the fact that it is just a result of the fact that the speed of the Mac is what it is. But, maybe there is something I can do to speed it up. The drives are plugged via usb directly to the Mac and they have there own power source. The curious thing is that they once were plugged into a large separately powered USB hub and I don't recall a lag like I have now. Any thoughts? Thanks...
Message was edited by: gfann18

Have you got the drives set up to spin down when not in use?
Have a look at the Energy Saver settings in System Preference on the Mac.
Make sure the "Put the Hard Discs to sleep when possible" box is not ticked.

Is there a way to speed up the pace of the video (watch in fast-forward) I am watching?

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Have you got the drives set up to spin down when not in use?
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Make sure the "Put the Hard Discs to sleep when possible" box is not ticked.

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Things You Can Do To Resolve Slow Downs
If your computer seems to be running slower here are some things you can do:
Start with visits to:     OS X Maintenance - MacAttorney;
                                  The X Lab: The X-FAQs;
                                  The Safe Mac » Mac Performance Guide;
                                  The Safe Mac » The myth of the dirty Mac;
                                  Mac maintenance Quick Assist.
Boot into Safe Mode then repair your hard drive and permissions:
Repair the Hard Drive and Permissions Pre-Lion
Boot from your OS X Installer disc. After the installer loads select your language and click on the Continue button. When the menu bar appears select Disk Utility from the Utilities menu. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list. In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive. If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported click on the Repair Permissions button. Wait until the operation completes, then quit DU and return to the installer.
Repair the Hard Drive - Lion/Mountain Lion/Mavericks
Boot to the Recovery HD:
Restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the COMMAND and R keys until the Utilites Menu screen appears. Alternatively, restart the computer and after the chime press and hold down the OPTION key until the boot manager screen appears. Select the Recovery HD disk icon and click on the arrow button below.
When the recovery menu appears select Disk Utility. After DU loads select your hard drive entry (mfgr.'s ID and drive size) from the the left side list. In the DU status area you will see an entry for the S.M.A.R.T. status of the hard drive. If it does not say "Verified" then the hard drive is failing or failed. (SMART status is not reported on external Firewire or USB drives.) If the drive is "Verified" then select your OS X volume from the list on the left (sub-entry below the drive entry,) click on the First Aid tab, then click on the Repair Disk button. If DU reports any errors that have been fixed, then re-run Repair Disk until no errors are reported. If no errors are reported, then click on the Repair Permissions button. Wait until the operation completes, then quit DU and return to the main menu. Select Restart from the Apple menu.
Restart your computer normally and see if this has helped any. Next do some maintenance:
For situations Disk Utility cannot handle the best third-party utility is Disk Warrior; DW only fixes problems with the disk directory, but most disk problems are caused by directory corruption; Disk Warrior 4.x is now Intel Mac compatible.
Note: Alsoft ships DW on a bootable DVD that will startup Macs running Snow Leopard or earlier. It cannot start Macs that came with Lion or later pre-installed, however, DW will work on those models.
Suggestions for OS X Maintenance
OS X performs certain maintenance functions that are scheduled to occur on a daily, weekly, or monthly period. The maintenance scripts run in the early AM only if the computer is turned on 24/7 (no sleep.) If this isn't the case, then an excellent solution is to download and install a shareware utility such as Macaroni, JAW PseudoAnacron, or Anacron that will automate the maintenance activity regardless of whether the computer is turned off or asleep. Dependence upon third-party utilities to run the periodic maintenance scripts was significantly reduced since Tiger. These utilities have limited or no functionality with Snow Leopard or later and should not be installed.
OS X automatically defragments files less than 20 MBs in size, so unless you have a disk full of very large files there's little need for defragmenting the hard drive.
Helpful Links Regarding Malware Protection
An excellent link to read is Tom Reed's Mac Malware Guide.
Also, visit The XLab FAQs and read Detecting and avoiding malware and spyware.
See these Apple articles:
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          OS X Lion- Protect your Mac from malware
          OS X Mountain Lion- Protect your Mac from malware
          About file quarantine in OS X
If you require anti-virus protection I recommend using VirusBarrier Express 1.1.6 or Dr.Web Light both from the App Store. They're both free, and since they're from the App Store, they won't destabilize the system. (Thank you to Thomas Reed for these recommendations.)
Troubleshooting Applications
I recommend downloading a utility such as TinkerTool System, OnyX, Mavericks Cache Cleaner, or Cocktail that you can use for removing old log files and archives, clearing caches, etc. Corrupted cache, log, or temporary files can cause application or OS X crashes as well as kernel panics.
If you have Snow Leopard or Leopard, then for similar repairs install the freeware utility Applejack. If you cannot start up in OS X, you may be able to start in single-user mode from which you can run Applejack to do a whole set of repair and maintenance routines from the command line. Note that AppleJack 1.5 is required for Leopard. AppleJack 1.6 is compatible with Snow Leopard. Applejack does not work with Lion and later.
Basic Backup
For some people Time Machine will be more than adequate. Time Machine is part of OS X. There are two components:
1. A Time Machine preferences panel as part of System Preferences;
2. A Time Machine application located in the Applications folder. It is
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    drive being backed up.
Alternatively, get an external drive at least equal in size to the internal hard drive and make (and maintain) a bootable clone/backup. You can make a bootable clone using the Restore option of Disk Utility. You can also make and maintain clones with good backup software. My personal recommendations are (order is not significant):
1. Carbon Copy Cloner
2. Get Backup
3. Deja Vu
4. SuperDuper!
5. Synk Pro
6. Tri-Backup
Visit The XLab FAQs and read the FAQ on backup and restore. Also read How to Back Up and Restore Your Files. For help with using Time Machine visit Pondini's Time Machine FAQ for help with all things Time Machine.
Referenced software can be found at MacUpdate.
Additional Hints
Be sure you have an adequate amount of RAM installed for the number of applications you run concurrently. Be sure you leave a minimum of 10% of the hard drive's capacity as free space.
Add more RAM. If your computer has less than 2 GBs of RAM and you are using OS X Leopard or later, then you can do with more RAM. Snow Leopard and Lion work much better with 4 GBs of RAM than their system minimums. The more concurrent applications you tend to use the more RAM you should have.
Always maintain at least 15 GBs or 10% of your hard drive's capacity as free space, whichever is greater. OS X is frequently accessing your hard drive, so providing adequate free space will keep things from slowing down.
Check for applications that may be hogging the CPU:
Pre-Mavericks
Open Activity Monitor in the Utilities folder. Select All Processes from the Processes dropdown menu. Click twice on the CPU% column header to display in descending order. If you find a process using a large amount of CPU time (>=70,) then select the process and click on the Quit icon in the toolbar. Click on the Force Quit button to kill the process. See if that helps. Be sure to note the name of the runaway process so you can track down the cause of the problem.
Mavericks and later
Open Activity Monitor in the Utilities folder. Select All Processes from the View menu. Click on the CPU tab in the toolbar. Click twice on the CPU% column header to display in descending order. If you find a process using a large amount of CPU time (>=70,) then select the process and click on the Quit icon in the toolbar. Click on the Force Quit button to kill the process. See if that helps. Be sure to note the name of the runaway process so you can track down the cause of the problem.
Often this problem occurs because of a corrupted cache or preferences file or an attempt to write to a corrupted log file.

Deleting records in millions - any ways to speed

Hello Friends,
I have a table with millions of records . As I am doing testing , I got to delete millioins of records and load then load using ETL tools.
Using simple delete is taking hours together - any ways to increase the speed of deletion.
I can't use truncate as I got to delete only conditional records ( that r in millions )
Any idea ?
thanks/kumar

kumar73 wrote:
I have a table with millions of records . As I am doing testing , I got to delete millioins of records and load then load using ETL tools.
Using simple delete is taking hours together - any ways to increase the speed of deletion.
I can't use truncate as I got to delete only conditional records ( that r in millions ) There are two basic ways to increase performance in such a case.
Decrease the workload by doing less work. This can be achieved by disabling the indexes - the delete process thus do not have to update the indexes. Disabling triggers (can be dangerous if not done correctly as these may contain specific delete processing logic). In other words, reduce the overheads for a delete to a bare minimum.
Use a bigger truck to carry the workload. A faster trucks means a faster server. That's usually not doable. But using a "+bigger truck+" often is. With a bigger truck you ca shift more workload at the same time - in this case it means using more processes to do the delete, instead of using a single process. You can use Oracle's Parallel Query feature. You can also write your own PL/SQL and SQL code to perform the delete in parallel.
You also need to consider what the delete will do to the space allocated by that table. Despite deleting millions of rows, very little free space may become available (depending on pctfree and pctuse settings of the table) - which means by adding millions of rows again to the table via an ETL process, may seriously bump up the space footprint of that table.
I would personally almost never use a delete in such a case - DML on large volumes of data is expensive. DDL is not. And partitioning is often a non-negotiable option in order to effectively deal with large volumes of data within the constraints of the resources of the system, and within the runtimes dictated by business requirements.

Need a way to speed up the initial population of the entire BDB

We are transitioning an existing production system from flat file based DB to BDB. On the day we switch to BDB, we have to populate the BDB for more than 2 Million users. Once we populate, BDB serves the data vary adequately.
However, the initial population is very slow. For some users with large set of keys, it takes up to 30 minutes. Just the thought of server keeling over creating the initail DB for all these users is keeping me awake at nights :-) I was wondering if there are any known tricks I can use to speed up this initial population.
One thing that comes to mind is, disable BDB caching as we don't need to cache any entries during population. Is this possible? Profiler reports that BDB is spending the maximum time in eviction (Specifically xxx.tree.BIN.getChildEvictionType method).
Does use of transaction or no transactions affect this use case?
I have all the objects to put in DB in-memory. Is there some batch-put I can do to speed the operation?
Highly appreciate any response.
Cheers!

Hi,
I will try deferredWrite mode next. Good, I think it's worth trying. The DeferredWrite mode was originally added as a way to speed up database loading.
Is it possible for me to avoid opening secondary
database until after the full population of the
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1) Open the primary DB (openDatabase) but do not open any secondary DBs (openSecondaryDatabase).
2) Load all records into the primary DB.
3) Create a SecondaryConfig and call setAllowPopulate(true). Use this config object to call openSecondaryDatabase.
Note that when opening a secondary DB with AllowPopulate, the secondary DB will be populated only if it is initially empty or non-existent. It is populate by reading the entire primary DB and writing secondary key records as necessary.
Also, even though we started out with entire load
in-memory before population, we had to abandon that
approach because of enormous memory constraint it put
on the system. However data is being generated from
walking a directory structure. Is there any thing I
can do there (depth first vs breadth first search)
that will help BDB do the inserts faster?Presorting the input records by primary key will provide a significant performance increase. If you can't presort them all, it will still help a lot to presort a subset at a time. In other words, trying loading them into memory in batches, where the size of the batch is determined by available memory. After loading a batch into memory, presort it, and then insert the records in sorted order into the JE database.
Thanks as always. You guys are doing such a great job
answering questions and providing support.You're welcome! (on my and Linda's behalf)
--mark

Oracle 10gR2 - Any way to speed up Transportable Tablespace Import?

I have a nightly process that uses expdp/impdp with Transportable Tablespace option to copy a full schema from one database to another. This process was initially done with just expdp/impdp, however the creation of the indexes started to slow down the process at which time I switched to using Transportable Tablespace.
In the last 3 months, the number of objects in the schema has not changes however the amount of data has increased 15.73%. At the same time, the Transportable Tablespace impdp has increased 30.77% in time to process.
Is there any way to speed up a Transportable Tablespace impdp in Oracle 10gR2? The docs show that I cannot use parallel with TTS. I have excluded STATISTICS in the export.
Eventually I will be moving away from doing this TTS expdp/impdp, however for now I need to do what I can to contain the amount of time it takes to process.
Environment: Oracle 10.2.0.4 (source and destination) on Sun Solaris SPARC v10. We are not using ASM currently. Tablespace is 6 datafiles for a total of 87.5GB, 791 tables, 1924 indexes, 1773 triggers, and 10 LOBs.
Any help would be greatly appreciated.
Thanks!
-Vorpel

My reading of this thread was that there was a need to be able to do offline setups when the client had lost oracle lite (we get this on PDAs all the time when they go totally dead), so the CD install is something that can be sent out.
Any install (CD or otherwise) will be empty in terms of applications and data, not much you can do about that on a CD, but depending on the type of device and the storage possibilities you have you can secure the database and application files seperately. for example on a PDA using the external SD or flash for the data and file storage will keep them when the orace directory is lost from main storage and therefore all thet is needed after the oracle lite recovery is to recreate the odbc file (and possibly polite if you have special parameters). The setting of the crr flags for 'real' data on the server is a trick to bring the database up to date without a total rebuild.
NOTE if you use SD cards etc. on PDAs/small devices, beware of windows ce/mobile power up differential between main memory and external storage. If you power down in the middle of an update or query, you can get device read/write errors when the device powers up due to processing continuing before the storage media is active

Stock Transfer : Possible Ways

Hi All ,
I was looking for the possible ways to transfer stocks between plants .....I could find out following ways
1) One step (w/o STPO w/o Delivery w/o Billing/invoice)
Using Mvt Type 301.Material is received automatically with MVT type 301.
2) One step using STPO with Delivery ( w/o Billing)
Material is issued using Mvt type 647 and Material is received using Mvt type 101 automatically
3) One Step using STPO without Delivery without billing
NO IDEA ... HOW CAN WE DO IT
4) Two step (w/o STPO w/o Delivery w/o Billing/invoice)
Using 303 to issue and 305 to receive
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Using 351 to issue and 101 to receive
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Using 641 to issue and 101 to receive
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643 (Two step) and 647 (One step) for Cross company.
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Also can I use 301, 305 , 641 and 647 mvt types for CROSS COMPANY transactions ??
Awaiting for your reply ...
Regards
SANDEEP MARWHA

Hi
how to make ONE STEP TRANSFER USING STPO but w/o delivery ??
You cannot make One Step Transfer using STPO with out Delivery....But you can make One Step Transfer without STPO using M.Type: 301....
o can I use 301, 305 , 641 and 647 mvt types for CROSS COMPANY transactions ??
For Cross Company Transactions....you can use Following M.Types: 301,303,305,643 and 645...
) One step using STPO with Delivery ( w/o Billing)
Material is issued using Mvt type 647 and Material is received using Mvt type 101 automatically...
For One Step STPO with Delivery(w/o Billing)....you have to Issue the Material in 641 M.Type and receive it in 101 M.Type...
Reward if useful
Regards
S.Baskaran

I have purchased   british library apps. but unable to access   the collection   even i bought one month subscription.   done all possible   way . .

i am facing a real trouble to use   British Library apps , i have done   all possible ways to    rectify but invain. i bought   one month subscription as well.

Well I got something going on here.   I opened Parallels > Windows 7. Turned on and registered iTunes in Windows. It asked for an Airplay pin number.   I put one in and I was able to pull up my iTunes library.   But the one in Windows was empty, so I dragged about a dozen movies over from my iMac iTunes into the movie library of the Windows iTunes. And then I could watch the movies on my TV using ATV from Windows.   For the next couple of hours I kept messing with both iTunes, loosing Apple TV connection to my computer a couple of times.   Now, in order to see my IMac iTunes library, I have to open my iMac iTunes program, then open Parallels>Windows7>iTunes in order to view the videos in my iMac iTunes folder. What is this all about? Pretty convoluted way to see a movie.
Also, I cannot figure out how to see my iMac desktop (or drives) on Parallels, so I really don't understand the connection with the two iTune libraries. Both Libraries do show up on my TV under Apple TV> Computers.
When I open the Windows iTunes windows, a SHARED section opens up in my Imac iTunes, on the sidebar. When I close the Windows iTunes Window, it goes away. How can I get it to stay on, without using the Windows partition?
Why didn't the iMac iTunes ask for an Airplay pin? What is that?
Didn't remember seeing anything like this in the Apple Support Communities.

I am not able to restore my iphone 4 after trying to install the new softwear. I tried every single possible way. What can I do?

I am not able to restore my iphone 4 after trying to install the new softwear. I tried every single possible way. What can I do?

There are two ways that a backup can become encrypted:
You chose to encrypt it, then forgot the password.
If you have company-provided MS Exchange access your IT department has the option of requiring your backup to be encrypted. The first time you backed up or synced after installing MS Exchange you were prompted for a password. That is the password you need.
If you don't have the password any longer there is no way to restore the backup.

Is there any way to speed up "repair disk" over internet recovery on OSX

After receiving a grey screen on startup, I finally have been able to boot into internet recovery on my 13" macbook pro. I'm running "Repair Disk" from the Disk Utility on my "Macintosh HD" drive. The estimated time is listed at "1 day, 23 hours", and has been stuck there for about 8 hours. It was 2 days and then did move to 1 day, 23 hours, but has not moved since.
Is there any way to speed up this disk repair? Would connecting over ethernet rather than WiFi help? Should I go somewhere with a faster internet connection than my home (1.1Mbps Down / 1.6 Up)? It can't possibly take over 2 days to repair the disk under normal conditions, right?

A hard wire connection should be faster than wifi. If you have been running Disk Utility Repair for 8 hrs, try is again and if after an hour you still see the same result, I suspect that the HDD is faulty.
I would try an external boot HDD and see if the MBP can boot from that. If it can, than that indicates that your internal HDD has failed and must be replaced. Transfer as much data as you can.
Ciao.

What is best way to speed up my macbook pro

what is the best way to speed up, get rid of junk on a macbook pro?

How to maintain a Mac
Make two or more backups of all your files
One backup is not enough to be safe. A copy of a backup doesn't count as another backup; all backups must be made directly from the original data.
Keep at least one backup off site at all times in case of disaster. Backing up to a cloud-data service is one way to accomplish this, but don't rely exclusively on such backups.
In fact, don’t rely exclusively on any single backup method, such as Time Machine.
If you get an indication that a backup has failed, don't ignore it.
Keep your software up to date
In the App Store or Software Update preference pane (depending on the OS version), you can configure automatic notifications of updates to OS X and other Mac App Store products. Some third-party applications from other sources have a similar feature, if you don’t mind letting them phone home. Otherwise you have to check yourself on a regular basis.
Keeping up to date is especially important for complex software that modifies the operating system, such as device drivers. Don't install such modifications unless they're absolutely necessary. Remove them when they are no longer needed. Before installing any Apple update, you must check that all system modifications that you use are compatible. Incompatibility with third-party software is by far the most common cause of difficulties with system updates.
Don't install crapware
...such as “themes,” "haxies," “add-ons,” “toolbars,” “enhancers," “optimizers,” “accelerators,” "boosters," “extenders,” “cleaners,” "doctors," "tune-ups," “defragmenters,” “firewalls,” "barriers," “guardians,” “defenders,” “protectors,” most “plugins,” commercial "virus scanners,” "disk tools," or "utilities." With very few exceptions, such stuff is useless or worse than useless. Above all, avoid any software that purports to change the look and feel of the user interface.
It's not much of an exaggeration to say that the whole "utility" software industry for the Mac is a fraud on consumers. The most extreme examples are the "CleanMyMac," "TuneUpMyMac," and “MacKeeper” scams, but there are many others.
As a rule, you should avoid software that changes the way other software works. Plugins for Photoshop and similar programs are an obvious exception to this rule. Safari extensions, and perhaps the equivalent for other web browsers, are a partial exception. Most are safe, and they're easy to get rid of if they don't work. Some may cause the browser to crash or otherwise malfunction. Some are malicious. Use with caution, and install only well-known extensions from relatively trustworthy sources, such as the Safari Extensions Gallery.
Only install software that is useful to you, not (as you imagine) to the computer. For example, a word processor is useful for writing. A video editor is useful for making movies. A game is useful for fun. But a "cache cleaner" isn't useful for anything. You didn't buy a computer so you could clean caches.
Never install any third-party software unless you know how to uninstall it. Otherwise you may create problems that are very hard to solve. Do not rely on "utilities" such as "AppCleaner" and the like that purport to remove software.
Don't install bad, conflicting, or unnecessary fonts
Whenever you install new fonts, use the validation feature of the built-in Font Book application to make sure the fonts aren't defective and don't conflict with each other or with others that you already have. See the built-in help and this support article for instructions.
Deactivate or remove fonts that you don't really need to speed up application launching.
Avoid malware
"Malware" is malicious software that circulates on the Internet. This kind of attack on OS X was once so rare that it was hardly a concern, but it's now increasingly common and dangerous.
There is some built-in protection against malware, but you can’t rely on it—the attackers are always at least one day ahead of the defense. You can’t rely on third-party "anti-virus" products for protection either. What you can rely on is common-sense awareness—not paranoia, which only makes you more vulnerable.
Never install software from an untrustworthy or unknown source. If in doubt, do some research. Any website that prompts you to install a “codec” or “plugin” that comes from the same site, or an unknown site, is untrustworthy. Software with a corporate brand, such as Adobe Flash Player, must come directly from the developer's website. No intermediary is acceptable, and don’t trust links unless you know how to parse them. Any file that is automatically downloaded from the web, without your having requested it, should go straight into the Trash. A web page that tells you that your computer has a “virus,” or that anything else is wrong with it, is a scam.
In OS X 10.7.5 or later, downloaded applications and Installer packages that have not been digitally signed by a developer registered with Apple are blocked from loading by default. The block can be overridden, but think carefully before you do so.
Because of recurring security issues in Java, it’s best to disable it in your web browsers, if it’s installed. Few websites have Java content nowadays, so you won’t be missing much. This action is mandatory if you’re running any version of OS X older than 10.6.8 with the latest Java update. Note: Java has nothing to do with JavaScript, despite the similar names. Don't install Java unless you're sure you need it. Most people don't.
Don't fill up your disk or SSD
A common mistake is adding more and more large files to your home folder until you start to get warnings that you're out of space, which may be followed in short order by a startup failure. This is more prone to happen on the newer Macs that come with an internal SSD instead of the traditional hard drive. The drive can be very nearly full before you become aware of the problem.
While it's not true that you should or must keep any particular percentage of space free, you should monitor your storage use and make sure you're not in immediate danger of using it up. According to Apple documentation, you need at least 9 GB of free space on the startup volume for normal operation.
If storage space is running low, use a tool such as OmniDiskSweeper to explore the volume and find out what's taking up the most space. Move seldom-used large files to secondary storage.
Relax, don’t do it
Besides the above, no routine maintenance is necessary or beneficial for the vast majority of users; specifically not “cleaning caches,” “zapping the PRAM,” "resetting the SMC," “rebuilding the directory,” "defragmenting the drive," “running periodic scripts,” “dumping logs,” "deleting temp files," “scanning for viruses,” "purging memory," "checking for bad blocks," "testing the hardware," or “repairing permissions.” Such measures are either completely pointless or are useful only for solving problems, not for prevention.
To use a Mac effectively, you have to free yourself from the Windows mindset that every computer needs regular downtime for maintenance such as "defragging" and "registry cleaning." Those concepts do not apply to the Mac platform.
A well-designed computing device is not something you should have to think about much. It should be an almost transparent medium through which you communicate, work, and play. If you want a machine that needs a lot of attention just to keep going, use a PC, or collect antique cars.
The very height of futility is running an expensive third-party application called “Disk Warrior” when nothing is wrong, or even when something is wrong and you have backups, which you must have. Disk Warrior is a data-salvage tool, not a maintenance tool, and you will never need it if your backups are adequate. Don’t waste money on it or anything like it.

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