/usr/local/ permissions-Unix

I do not have a /usr/local/bin folder. When I try to mkdir /usr/local/bin/ I get
mkdir: /usr/local/bin: Permission denied.
In fact, permission is denied for copying writing into /usr/ at all.
My permissions are:
drwxr-xr-x 4 root wheel 136 Oct 25 2005 usr/local
and
drwxr-xr-x 11 root wheel 374 Oct 24 2005 usr
I tried changing permissions, but I get
chmod: /usr/: Operation not permitted
I always just use my administrator account, so it's not that I need to log in as administrator.
Any ideas? It would be nice to be able to install some libraries in a /usr/ subdirectory...
Thanks!
G5 Mac OS X (10.4.6)

Performing the instructions as Jeffrey describes will produce another folder which you don't have write access to. If you're running an installer for those libraries, it should prompt you to enter your administrator password during the installation. If you want to install them by drag-copying them, choose Go to Folder from the Finder's Go menu, enter /usr/local/ as the folder's path, drop the files into the folder, click the Authenticate button, and type in your password; if you still want to create the folder, follow Jeffrey's instructions and then drag-copy the libraries.
(12503)

Similar Messages

How do I delete Unix scripts in /usr/local/bin/

Well, I download a program call mpgtx (mpeg editor). After install, it put all its files to /usr/local/bin/, and there are unix scripts, mpgdemux, mpgcat..etc. So I just wander how I can delete them. Can just do rm mpg* from Terminal?
Pls, help.

I don't even HAVE a /usr/local/bin folder on either of my Leopard installs. One install does have a /usr/local folder, but everything in it was installed by the latest version of Privoxy, the other install doesn't have a /usr/local folder at all. So you won't mess up anything from the system. Whether you'll mess up some third party something or other you have installed only you can know. I suspect they probably don't take up much room, you could check that. If the amount of space consumed is trivial, you could just leave them.
Francine
Francine
Schwieder

OK to create /usr/local/bin?

Hi,
I tried today to install the command line utility for Growl, growlnotify. The installer script failed because it tried to install into /usr/local/bin which isn't there currently.
Now, is it OK to just go ahead and run "mkdir /usr/local/bin" to create the directory? I am not very experienced with Unix so I usually don't touch the unix directories so that I don't mess up anything...
Thanks!
Ingo

If you are the only or primary user of your computer, and you want to mess around, /usr/local is as good a place as any, since most software installs in it by default. Another option is to do stuff in your home directory.
If you have a dumb installer or Makefile that tries to install and possibly over-write files in say /usr/bin, you would be tipped off by install permission failure, whereas if you issued "sudo make install" you are at the mercy of whomever wrote the Makefile.
I actually build stuff in my home directory and install it into root-owned /usr/local, and the first time I issue "make -i install" I do it without write permissions and I can watch where it tries to put stuff. That is excessively paranoid. But its when you stop being paranoid.
Anyway, it doesn't much matter. For security reasons on a multiuser system, it is best to have multi-user accessed executables in root-owned directories.

Mysql, mysql account password, and /usr/local/mysql ownership

Hi all,
I am new to osX but familiar with Linux. I have a user 'mysql' and a group 'mysql'. I would like to make mysql the root user of the database but cannot figure out how to assign a password. I see the account in netInfo and there is an encrypted password, but no way to change it.
Depending on what you read, the directory /usr/local/mysql should belong to group mysql - I don't get the concept of 'wheel' yet.
I do have a regular user named 'meandmine' [not real]. Have /usr/local/mysql/bin in my path; I can start mysql okay. When I try to execute: mysqladmin -u root password 'password' I get an error: Access denied for user 'root'@'locahost'
So where do I go. I have looked through many, many web sites including Apple, and spent several hours in Borders looking through OsX books without luck.
Guidance is appreciated.
Feel free to answer via forum or direct [email protected]
MacBook Pro Core 2 duo Mac OS X (10.4.8)

for anyone that follows this up:
I deleted the mysql install
Activated the computers root account
Installed mysql under that account a command line with su to get root access
Then followed the instructions to log in with
mysql -u root -p
[enter password]
I am up and running, and can assign access, create rights etc. to any user: in this case the only non-root user on the machine.
Thanks for the answers though , especially the bit about the UNIX forum.
Bob

Java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /usr/local/weblogic/lib/linux/libweblogicunix1.so

Hi.
This is my configuration
Red Hat Linux 6.2 kernel 2.2.14-6
512 Mb Ram
Bea Weblogic Server 5.1 Service Pack 9
It runs fine with jdk 1.2.2; but when I try it with 1.3.1 I get this error (please
see below)
This is my installation secuence
1. Downloaded jdk 1.3.1 tarball for linux from www.java.sun.com & installed according
with instrucctions.
2. changed JAVA_HOME from /usr/lib/jre1.2.2/ to /usr/lib/jdk1.3.1/ in the startWebLogic
script
trying it I get:
"Green threads support not available
Could not create the Java virtual machine."
3. changed JAVA_OPTIONS from -green to -native
After that i got the error subject of this message (please see below)
I have searched this newsgroup for a similar post but found an unsolved message
on april 12, 2001.
Any ideas?
Thanks in advance
Sergio Ríos
Ps: this is my error
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <ListenThread> Listening on port: 90
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> System has file descriptor
limits of - soft: '1024', hard: '1024'
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> Using effective file
descriptor limit of: '1024' open sockets/files.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> Allocating: '3' POSIX
reader threads
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<A> <SSLListenThread> ListenThread.run() failed:
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /usr/local/weblogic/lib/linux/libweblogicunix1.so:
/usr/local/weblogic/lib/linux/libweblogicunix1.so: undefined symbol: makeCString
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1382)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1306)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:749)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:820)
at weblogic.platform.Unix.<init>(Unix.java:14)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:237)
at weblogic.platform.OperatingSystem.getOS(OperatingSystem.java:81)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.T3Srvr$1.run(T3Srvr.java:1160)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.Callback.done(Callback.java:37)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.SSLListenThread.newServerSocket(SSLListenThread.java:474)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.ListenThread.run(ListenThread.java:254)
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<!> <SSLListenThread> **** The WebLogic Server is
no longer listening for connections.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<!> <SSLListenThread> **** You should probably restart
it.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Server shutdown by system
Thu May 24 15:52:14 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> WebLogic Server started
Thu May 24 15:52:14 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Server shutdown commencing NOW
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <HTTP> Destroying servlets in default servlet
context.
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Requesting thread shutdown
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <SSLListenThread> Shutting down Thread[SSLListenThread,5,]
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <ListenThread> Shutting down Thread[ListenThread,5,WebLogicServer]
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Waiting: '20' seconds for threads
to complete shutdown
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Invoking garbage collection
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: Before free/total=62768288/66846720
(93%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: After free/total=64551016/66846720
(96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Invoking garbage collection
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: Before free/total=64544984/66846720
(96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: After free/total=64550992/66846720
(96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Shutting down execute threads
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Shutdown completed

Thanks because JDK 1.3 is not supported with WLS 5.1. See:
http://www.weblogic.com/platforms/index.html
However, WLS 6.0 supports JDK 1.3 since the JDK is already bundled with WLS
6.0.
Sergio Ríos wrote:
>
Hi.
This is my configuration
Red Hat Linux 6.2 kernel 2.2.14-6
512 Mb Ram
Bea Weblogic Server 5.1 Service Pack 9
It runs fine with jdk 1.2.2; but when I try it with 1.3.1 I get this error
(please see below)
This is my installation secuence
1. Downloaded jdk 1.3.1 tarball for linux from www.java.sun.com &
installed according with instrucctions.
2. changed JAVA_HOME from /usr/lib/jre1.2.2/ to /usr/lib/jdk1.3.1/ in the
startWebLogic script
trying it I get:
"Green threads support not available
Could not create the Java virtual machine."
3. changed JAVA_OPTIONS from -green to -native
After that i got the error subject of this message (please see below)
I have searched this newsgroup for a similar post but found an unsolved
message on april 12, 2001.
Any ideas?
Thanks in advance
Sergio Ríos
Ps: this is my error
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <ListenThread> Listening on port: 90
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> System has file
descriptor limits of - soft: '1024', hard: '1024'
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> Using effective
file descriptor limit of: '1024' open sockets/files.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <Posix Performance Pack> Allocating: '3'
POSIX reader threads
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<A> <SSLListenThread> ListenThread.run()
failed:
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError:
/usr/local/weblogic/lib/linux/libweblogicunix1.so:
/usr/local/weblogic/lib/linux/libweblogicunix1.so: undefined symbol:
makeCString
at java.lang.ClassLoader$NativeLibrary.load(Native Method)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary0(ClassLoader.java:1382)
at java.lang.ClassLoader.loadLibrary(ClassLoader.java:1306)
at java.lang.Runtime.loadLibrary0(Runtime.java:749)
at java.lang.System.loadLibrary(System.java:820)
at weblogic.platform.Unix.<init>(Unix.java:14)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance0(Native Method)
at java.lang.Class.newInstance(Class.java:237)
at
weblogic.platform.OperatingSystem.getOS(OperatingSystem.java:81)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.T3Srvr$1.run(T3Srvr.java:1160) at
weblogic.t3.srvr.Callback.done(Callback.java:37) at
weblogic.t3.srvr.SSLListenThread.newServerSocket(SSLListenThread.java:474)
at weblogic.t3.srvr.ListenThread.run(ListenThread.java:254)
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<!> <SSLListenThread> **** The WebLogic
Server is no longer listening for connections.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001:<!> <SSLListenThread> **** You should
probably restart it.
Thu May 24 15:51:13 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Server shutdown by
system Thu May 24 15:52:14 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> WebLogic Server
started Thu May 24 15:52:14 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Server shutdown
commencing NOW Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <HTTP> Destroying servlets
in default servlet context.
Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Requesting thread
shutdown Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <SSLListenThread> Shutting down
Thread[SSLListenThread,5,] Thu May 24 15:52:15 CDT 2001: <ListenThread>
Shutting down Thread[ListenThread,5,WebLogicServer] Thu May 24 15:52:15
CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Waiting: '20' seconds for threads to
complete shutdown Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer>
Invoking garbage collection Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC:
Before free/total=62768288/66846720 (93%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: After
free/total=64551016/66846720 (96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Invoking garbage
collection Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: Before
free/total=64544984/66846720 (96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <GC> GC: After
free/total=64550992/66846720 (96%)
Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Shutting down execute
threads Thu May 24 15:52:35 CDT 2001: <WebLogicServer> Shutdown
completed

/usr/local/bin

Hello everyone,
Whenever i am installing any s/w from source by compiling,its executable is getting stored in /usr/local/bin.Now im unable to use the s/w by just typing its executable name in the terminal,its giving me an error as "command not found".what i have to do is browse to the directory /usr/local/bin n then run the executable as ./xxxxx.How can i add the directory /usr/local/bin so that it too is checked for executables.
Thanks in advance,
Rajiv Nair.

Anyway, /usr/local is made just for those things you do not want to be touched by your package manager. So, if for any reason you do not want to write a PKGBUILD for something (if e.g., it is just a little script you wrote and you want to install it system-wide; or you have some reasons to make the compilation routine step by step), then /usr/local is then just the right place: /usr/local/bin and /usr/local/sbin for executable with various permissions, /usr/local/lib for the libraries, may be /usr/local/src for the sources, etc. Then you should just modify your /etc/profile (or your .bashrc, .zshrc).
This is not what is supported by arch, but it is something you can always do, if you like so, in any linux system of the world.

Simple script in /usr/local/bin just won't start - SOLVED

I put this really simple script for starting psi into my /usr/local/bin, set it a+xr and added /usr/local/bin to my path. However, I just can't start the damn thing.
Here's the script itself (I really don't think there's something wrong with it, since if I type it in the shell it works fine):
#!/bin/zsh/
#start psi, never stop
while true;
do psi;
done
Here's my users $PATH:
─$ print $PATH
/bin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/opt/bin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/kde/bin:/opt/mozilla/bin:/opt/qt/bin
Here's the permissions of the script:
$ ls -lah /usr/local/bin
total 4.0K
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 80 Dec 15 03:52 ./
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root 240 Dec 10 18:55 ../
-rwxrwxr-x 1 kamagurka users 60 Dec 15 03:51 psi.start*
And here's what happens when I try to execute it:
$ psi.start
zsh: command not found: psi.start
So, I'm either missing something incredibly obvious, or something freaky's going on here. I hope it's the former.
EDIT: I had no idea where to put this, so I put it into Desktop Env since I'm trying to start a graphical app, but feel free to move it.
EDIT: Yea, I was being a little dense.

smoon wrote:Not sure if that's the problem, but try removing the trailing / (slash) from your script's shebang.
See, something really obvious. Stupid, even. You can see, I don't do a lot of scripting.

Error Message in Terminal: unknown variable 'datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data'

Hello,
I'm on a Mac Pro Quad Core Intel Xeon (64-bit) using OS 10.6.4. I have mysqlnd 5.0.5-dev - 081106 - $Revision: 289630 $ and PHP Version 5.3.1.
I have also installed phpMyAdmin 3.3.1 and have set up the relations tables in a pmadb within mysql; created a new database with tables; and created some new users. I am able to access and use mysql via phpMyAdmin.
But now I am unable to login to mysql via the Terminal command:
mysql -u root -p
which now returns an error message of:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql: unknown variable 'datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data'
my.cnf file reads:
[mysqld]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/mysql/mysql.sock
#skip-grant-tables=1
[client]
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
and I can see the data directory in that location when using the Terminal.
My questions:
1. Is this related to anything I have done in setting up phpMyAdmin (tables, users)?
2. Is this a permissions problem with the directory named /usr/local/mysql/data?
Currently, the permissions and ownership are this:
drwxr-x--- 11 _mysql wheel 374 Jun 29 12:10 data
3. Is this a problem from upgrading to 10.6.4 recently?
4. Is this a my.cnf problem?
I would really like to be able to do things in the Terminal with mysql in addition to using phpMyAdmin.
Many thanks for any help on this.
Best,
Shelley

Shelley Schreiber wrote:
Thanks for your suggestion, etresoft, but this was not helpful, I'm afraid. Removing datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data did not work. And prior to using phpMyAdmin, I was able to login via Terminal with this in place.
Try removing my.cnf. It isn't required and seems to be giving you problems.
Also, the mysql socket value is what comes with new Macs with Snow Leopard.
MySQL doesn't come on any new Mac except with Snow Leopard Server. I think we've had this conversation before and came to the conclusion that you don't have the server version, just a jacked up client.
I am noticing that the Terminal error message I get is saying:
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql: unknown variable . . .
whereas the data directory path is /usr/local/mysql/data
There is no data directory in /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
The program that is reporting the error is is /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql.
My MySQL installation does not have a my.cnf file. It does have a number of example cnf files that I could use if I wanted to jack up my installation. None of them have a "datadir" value in them. If you don't want to get rid of my.cnf altogether, the just get rid of all of the datadir values inside it.

Posix_spawn("/usr/local/sbin/dnsupdate", ...): No such file or directory

Hello,
This errors are repeting again and again :
27/07/13 15:52:57
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36847]) posix_spawn("/usr/local/sbin/dnsupdate", ...): No such file or directory
27/07/13 15:52:57
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36847]) Exited with exit code: 1
27/07/13 15:52:57
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds
27/07/13 15:53:07
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36917]) posix_spawn("/usr/local/sbin/dnsupdate", ...): No such file or directory
27/07/13 15:53:07
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36917]) Exited with exit code: 1
27/07/13 15:53:07
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds
27/07/13 15:53:17
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36964]) posix_spawn("/usr/local/sbin/dnsupdate", ...): No such file or directory
27/07/13 15:53:17
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[36964]) Exited with exit code: 1
27/07/13 15:53:17
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds
27/07/13 15:53:27
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[37034]) posix_spawn("/usr/local/sbin/dnsupdate", ...): No such file or directory
27/07/13 15:53:27
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon[37034]) Exited with exit code: 1
27/07/13 15:53:27
com.apple.launchd[1]
(org.dnsupdate.daemon) Throttling respawn: Will start in 10 seconds
Cordialy!

The /user/local directory is site-specific and usually locally-installed stuff; software and tools and libraries that have been installed into the Unix environment. That directory doesn't usually have any OS X files in it, unless somebody copied something there.
In this case, some software expects a DNS update tool to exist in the /usr/local directory, and it's not there or not there anymore, and some other piece(s) are trying to start the operation via launchd, and failing.
The source of the tool looks to be www.dnsupdate.org, though that site is offline right now.
Do you want or need help putting the dnsupdate stuff back, or possibly removing the launchd widget that's trying to activate the (missing) tool?

$PATH missing '/usr/local/bin'

$PATH missing '/usr/local/bin' in /etc/login.defs and /etc/profile.
I only noticed, being somewhat a noob, after compiling the NEW Dillo 0.7.3 and finding that it places its' executable in /usr/local/bin (!). This, not being in my $PATH by default.
Please consider adding this line to future ARCH 0.6 or beyond for WORKSTATION users:
# /etc/profile
export PATH="/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/X11R6/bin:/opt/bin"
Thanx.

Mt.Tam-Luxer wrote:I only noticed, being somewhat a noob, after compiling the NEW Dillo 0.7.3
A very wise decision to use this great browser :-) ... and I'm even serious about that.
Mt.Tam-Luxer wrote:and finding that it places its' executable in /usr/local/bin (!). This, not being in my $PATH by default.
For some reason it is in my /etc/profile ... but I don't remember if I put it there or not.
Firstly, (and as already mentioned more or less) I can see arguments why AL does not include /usr/local/bin by default (mainly because there is nothing there when only installing AL packages).
But OTOH, this is the beauty of AL : you can (and are even supposed to) configure your system as you like by editing the files in /etc. I guess that's why I don't remember, because the first thing I would do if need be is editing /etc/profile ;-) ...
Oh, but something (very general !) to consider : if you want to keep your system "Unix-style", don't put every posible PATH in /etc/profile, but put it in ~/.profile (or whatever shell you are using). If you are the only user, it does not really matter. But in a "true multi-user Unix system" you should not have /funky/path/bin in /etc/ ... not that /usr/local is exotic ....this is more of a general note.
sarah31 wrote:but imho if there is a PKGBUILD for a desired app (such as dillo)
yes, the PKGBUILD for dillo works fine, however, last week they released the latest version 0.7.3 which Mt.Tam-Luxer tried to install ( ... hint ... hint ... package maintainers ... :-) ... ). It was not quite clear from your post if yo wanted him to modify the PKGBUILD script or to just use it.
Oh, and besides changing pkgver, the source should now point to http://www.dillo.org/download/dillo-0.7.3.tar.bz2

/usr/local/lib/libgfortran.3.dylib: mach-o, but wrong architecture

Hello every one,
I am an absolutely new mac user. I need to run a couple of softwares for my research but I faced errors that I really can not understand. There is an Unix executable and a .f Fortran file in each folder that I use. As I run the executable the following error appears:
dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/lib/libgfortran.3.dylib
Referenced from: /Users/somaiehbeladi/Desktop/100601stereo/combine_segments/combinesegs
Reason: no suitable image found. Did find:
/usr/local/lib/libgfortran.3.dylib: mach-o, but wrong architecture
/usr/local/lib/libgfortran.3.dylib: mach-o, but wrong architecture
Trace/BPT trap
logout
However, the libgfortran.3.dylib is already in the mentioned directoty and I used the File command on it which gives
Somaieh-Beladis-MacBook:lib somaiehbeladi$ File libgfortran.3.dylib
libgfortran.3.dylib: Mach-O dynamically linked shared library ppc
Then I tried the otool -L command
Somaieh-Beladis-MacBook:combine_segments somaiehbeladi$ otool -L combine_segs
-bash: otool: command not found
So, could you please let me know how I should find out the proper architecture for my executable and then how to change the architecture.
Many thanks in advance.

It looks as though you are using an executable compiled for an Intel processor but have the PowerPC versions of the gfortran libraries installed.
How did you install this software?
Which version of OS X are you using?
Ar you using a PowerPC-based Mac, or an Intel-based Mac?

10g SuSE asks for /usr/local/bin

The 10g runInstaller program is asking me for the local bin directory. Oracle then proceeds to install some binaries there.
It prompts me with
/usr/local/bin so I have thus far put them here. But I am wondering if the the oracle user's bin (unix user account)i.e. /home/oracle/bin would be better as later linux patches might remove/damage these files.
Any opinions?
regards
Ben

I wouldn't worry too much about those files : oracle user already has them it its $ORACLE_HOME/bin directory.
Anyway, you could make a copy of them before installing any other Oracle product. The files copied in /usr/local/bin are normally oraenv, coraenv and dbhome.

Accessing /usr/local/bin directory

I'm new to Unix and trying to access the directories /usr/local/bin and usr/local/lib to put files into that I need to run a program, but Terminal keeps telling me "no such file or directory." I am doing this work on my own computer, but do I need special permission to access these files?
Any advice on moving the files into these directories?

Usually, files get into /usr/local when you run "configure && make && sudo make install". Since you're new, I would suggest running "configure", "make", and "sudo make install" separately until you get the hang of it.

Explanation of usr/local/bin

I have see this path come up when I have installed PHP/MySQL etc on my machine but neve rundersttod what it means.
Is this the directory where programmes are installed by me that are not part of the OS, like Photoshop, PHP, MySQL, MS word etc?
How do I look for files on my Finder are they stored on my HD or in my user profile?

Andy,
To add to Michael and j.v.'s posts, /usr/local has been the traditional place to install 3rd party software ie. software not written by the company that made the OS. So, /usr/local/bin contained binary files, /usr/local/lib contained the library files, /usr/local/man contained the man pages, and so forth. If you look on old Sun's, IBM, HP and other machines dating to the early 90's, that's generally what you'll see. Not all system administrators, or workstation owners, followed the general design intentions of the UNIX file system however.
Now, binaries, libraries and man pages can be in a wide variety of places, depending upon the package installer's design. Fink will like to default to /sw, for example.
As for freeware, or shareware, a well-designed config file will allow you to specify paths for bin, lib and man directories. So, with a little planning, you can get MySQL, and other open source freeware, to install in a directory layout of your design.
I've always thought of "usr" to mean "User", as in the end User, versus the OS system itself. So /bin and /sbin were for binaries that were primarily used/called by other system routines, while /usr/bin and /usr/local/bin would contain binaries that User's may call/use. Doesn't mean you can't use stuff in /bin, nor that system administration stuff can't be in /usr/bin. I think of it only as a general guide to understanding why something is in a particular directory, not a hard and fast rule.
Good general references on the overall design of UNIX are "The Design of the UNIX Operating System" by Maurice Bach, and "The Design and Implementation of the FreeBSD Operating System" by Marshall McKusick and George Neville-Neil.
Ed
PB G4 Mac OS X (10.2.x)

Linux installer trys to install files in /usr/local/ ?

Greetings,
I changed the directories to install to from /usr to /opt/sunj2re and it still tries
to put files in /usr/local.
At our location /usr/local/ is automounted and we don't have write permissions to
that file system (Yeah. I know local should equal local).
Is there anyway to install sun studio and have it not put anything in /usr/local/?
Thanks,
Bill

Similar problems were discussed in this thread, you may find it helpful:
http://forum.sun.com/jive/thread.jspa?threadID=72345

/usr/local/ permissions-Unix

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