Web page composer : new web form

Hi,
this is my problem : I created the wpc_mini_article new web forms on my portal, and made new mini article.
All works fine.
Now I try to mage other type of article, for exemple like banner. So I copy the XML and XSL of the standard banner, and made all the parameters explained for wpc_mini_article, applied to my new banner copy.
After restarting the portal, all my previous-working wpc_mini_article do not show anymore, and I have this error message :
Cannot render container : Fatal Error: com.sap.engine.lib.xml.parser.ParserException: XML Declaration not allowed here.(:main:, row:1, col:8)
Also, I can create wpc_mini_article, but when I try to create my new web form (copy of banner) I got a blank screen with jus a "next" button....
What am I missing ?
Thanks a lot.
Fabien.

Hi Fabein,
You can try the workaround given in this SAP NOTE : 1133788
Hope this helps.
Cheers,
Sandeep Tudumu

Similar Messages

Web Page Composer - FAQ Web form

Hello Everyone,
Hello SDN community,
This forum thread is intentionally created to collect your feedback and ideas regarding the FAQ Web form.
With this new Web form you can easily create and manipulate FAQ documents in a structured manner.
For more information regarding this new Web form and its features adn to download it visit this address: [https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/KMC/CustomizingtheWebPageComposer]
Your constructive suggestions will help to evolve the Web form further and facilitate the community to create more sophisticated and enhanced versions of this basic reference implementation. Feel free to contribute also your version and discuss in public.
Here are some basic questions that can guide you:
1. Does this new Web form help in your particular scenario? How?
2. How would you rate from 0 to 5 your satisfaction with this particular Web form?
3. What can be improved in the Web form?
4. Do you miss something from documentation point of view?
Explore the new WPC wiki pages - find all the information regarding WPC at one place, download new Web forms, and feel free to contribute.
[Web Page Composer Wiki|https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/KMC/WebPageComposer]
Best Regards,
WPC team @ SAP

Hi Georgi,
I was trying to create a FAQ Custom Editor using your How To Guides.
I am facing a problem as already stated in the thread:
https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/scn/thread?threadID=1244125&tstart=0
To be more specific, initializeFromPageContext function of FAQComponent.java file, @ the line
question =(TextEdit) context.getComponentForId(Question_ + editorObject.getId());,
+context.getComponentForId(Question_ + editorObject.getId())+ is returning Null
Regards,
JK

Web Page composer : new layout does not display Page Header Links Manager

Hello,
I am currently working with Web Page Composer, and this is my issue :
when using original layout, the header are displayed with "Add to favorites", "Print", "E-mail" etc... and all chosen links via the "Select Page links" link.
But whith my custom developped layout, I can choose wich links to display but they did not show up.
I think my layout miss a configuration point, but I did not manage to find out which one.
Does anyone have an idea ?
Thanks a lot.
Fabien.

Hi Fabien,
Probably, you might have missed something in the configuration part.
Please ensure, you check all these steps, mentioned in here.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/EN/45/d2970be57f4ebbe10000000a11466f/frameset.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/EN/45/d31ee7d4876f74e10000000a1553f6/frameset.htm
Good Luck.
Sandeep Tudumu

Web Page Composer (WPC) – Web page - Approval process

We have requirement with our web publishing environment where we want to stage the web pages for review before they are published for public. Currently, if you develop a web page in Web Page Composer ( WPC ) and click publish to review the content/layout. The page is published for public and included in TRex and can be searchable.
We thought KM Approval process will help resolve this issue. The approval process work very well with the u2018Site Contentu2019 where once author develop the content (article, paragraph etc.) and submit for approval in this case Editor (role). The content under site content folder is not published (not available for public) until approved by Editor.
This same approval process does not work on the Web Page folder. We have exactly same permission/ Service permission setup on the Web Page folder. Even though the u2018Approvalu2019 is turned on the Web Page folder it does not inherit the same to new web pages created or existing web pages in that folder. If we go and turn on the u2018Approvalu2019 on a page then we see a u2018Approvalu2019 button in WPC but when you submit the page for approval it pops up another screen with below message.
Confirm that you want to publish the page. A new version of the homepage will be created and, if appropriate, submitted for approval. Changes to pages not subject to approval are active immediately.
When you confirm this message nothing happens (no workflow kicks off).
I would like to hear if any one has tried the approval process on WPC web pages. If you are not using this process how you are staging the web page for review before publishing to public.
Thanks.

Hi Bertina,
We encountered the same problem couple days back in our environment. There is a SAP note (# 1294833) which details the issue but affected version indicated in this note is different then what we are on so we decided to create a note for SAP.
Below is SAP response for this issues
13.09.2010 - 08:52:12 CET - Reply by SAP
Dear customer,
I can confirm that the issue described in SAP Note 1294833 is indeed
present in EP 7.01 SP4 and is the reason you are currently experiencing
this problem.
Unfortunately, as outlined in the note, there is no workaround
available but our developers have advised me that the fix will be
included in the next patch for KMC WEB PAGE COMPOSER 7.01 SP04.
Hope this helps.

Web Page composer : Localizing Web Sites

Hi,
           I have done a PoC on Localizing Web Sites in web page composer. As you may be aware localization comes with 2 variants. One is the language and the other is the "Region" variant.
           I have created region variants in KM admin and have created Web Content using language and region variants. I am able to see the language variants working successfully when the user changes the language.
           But how do I get the region variants to work? Online [documentation|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/en/46/792f9b608c0ad3e10000000a11466f/frameset.htm] s says "...to select the ....region for displaying Web pages, select Personalize in the portal masthead...".
           My challenge is...
          1) How do I get to view and select the "regions" i have created in KM to show up in User Personalization ?
          2) My UME is on ABAP stack. How do I get this to work ?
         Any help on this will be much appreciated!
Regards,
Winston

Hi Winston,
To enable end user selection by end user of region, check the configuration steps [here|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/EN/46/71b0701a3601dce10000000a1553f7/frameset.htm] under the section titled Selection by user: Adding an iView for personalizing the region in the portal.
Hope this helps.
Best Regards,
Joseph

Web Page Composer export web site problem

Hi,
I have export Site with km / ice and import to new portal in Content Management/ Content Exchange/Package Upload.
The Web Pages copied are without content (empty). Why?
Thanks in advance.
Bye
Eva

Some problem we had is with picture/objects also : the objects links where not relatives, so when transporting objects complete URL of DEV environnement object where transported, so thaht in the QUALITY environnement it was not working.
See note 1237528.
The last SP 16 patch for WPC solved this problem.
Fabien.
Edited by: Fabien REVOL on Sep 12, 2008 1:52 PM

Web page composer new element at top

Hey,
Is it possible to add a new element at the top of the page instead of under the elements that are already there.
Standaard it ads the elements at the bottom but I would like them to be at the top.
Thanks

Hi,
do you mean on top of the WPC page that you edit in WPC or on top of the portal desktop?
If you didn't make any customizations, the portal desktop is defined composed of a framework page that structures the general layout of the portal :
Masthead
TLN
Toolbar
Navigation | Content Area
You WPC page normaly gets displayed in the Content Area.
To add content outside the content area, you'll normally need to add an iView to your portal desktop's framework page.
br,
Tobias

New Web Form Based on Frames for Web Page Composer

Hi,
We are trying to build the below scenario of New Custom Web Form to use in Web Page Composer for Web Site Creation.
We want to use the Web Form for Having Frames in the Output and
Left Frame will contain the Table of Content List
Right Frame Will Have the Details of the Selected Table of Content.
I have Created the XML File and Now Trying to develop the XSL File to use frames.
Any Ideas and Suggesstions on this?
Thanks & Regards
Sumanth

If you export the project as exp file and open it with a zip file reader, you can find your forms under forms/ui/.
I personnaly could always see them whatever the tool (jdev or composer) and the way (file or MDS) i used.

Issue with New Web Form Created for Web Page Composer

Hello,
I created new Web Form as per the example given on sdn: https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/go/portal/prtroot/docs/library/uuid/2041eb17-6001-2b10-b08d-b95ce55fa9b7
Everything looks fine with all the setup but when I restarted the Portal, I am not seeing this new webform where we see Article, List, Banner and other webform to create new document in Web Page Composer section.
Any idea what could be the reason behind this would be really helpful?
regards,
Jaish

Hi Jaish,
Can you please confirm if you have followed all the steps in here.
The following configuration steps are necessary:
1.Create a KM Resource Type
2.Create a Web Resource Type and assign the KM Resource Type to it
3.Extending the Configuration of Existing Web Resource Types and Containers
4.Referencing the XSL File in the Stylesheet Object
5.Creating a Stylesheet Group
6.Referencing the XML File in the Document Type
7.Restart the portal
Make sure that you store the files in the following KM folders:
The XML file in the /etc/wpceditor/types directory, the XSL files in the /etc/wpceditor/styles directory.
Please refer to this link.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/EN/45/599b78b0aa3bdde10000000a1553f7/frameset.htm
Hope this helps.
Cheers,
Sandeep Tudumu

Web Page Composer - Web Form for exposing iViews and External Web Pages

Hello SDN Community,
This forum thread is intentionally created to collect your feedback and ideas regarding the Web form for exposing iViews and external Web pages.
With this new Web form you are able to specify height and width of the iFrame, in which the corresponding iView/external Web page will be displayed on the particular WPC Web page.
For more information regarding this new Web form and its features and to download it visit this address: https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/KMC/CustomizingtheWebPageComposer
Your oppinon and constructive suggestions will help to evolve the Web form further and facilitate the community to create more sophisticated and enhanced versions of this basic reference implementation. Feel free to contribute also your version and discuss in public.
Here are some basic questions that can guide you:
1. Does this new Web form help in your particular scenario? How?
2. How would you rate from 0 to 5 your satisfaction with this particular Web form?
3. What can be improved in the Web form?
4. Do you miss something from documentation point of view?
Explore the new WPC wiki pages - find valuable the information regarding WPC at one place, download new Web forms, and feel free to contribute.
[Web Page Composer Wiki|https://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/KMC/WebPageComposer]
Best Regards,
WPC team @ SAP

Hello!
I have installed your component. When I try to create a new component in WPC with this form, portal throws an exception
Full Message Text
05:54_30/07/09_0005_21710350
[EXCEPTION]
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.sap.nw.wpc.editor.EditorBean.updateDocumentFromContext(EditorBean.java:336)
at com.sap.nw.wpc.editor.EditorBean.getPreview(EditorBean.java:600)
at pagelet.editor._sapportalsjsp_editor.subDoContent(_sapportalsjsp_editor.java:1802)
at pagelet.editor._sapportalsjsp_editor.doContent(_sapportalsjsp_editor.java:58)
at pagelet.editor._sapportalsjsp_editor.service(_sapportalsjsp_editor.java:38)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.broker.PortalComponentItemFacade.service(PortalComponentItemFacade.java:360)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.broker.PortalComponentItem.service(PortalComponentItem.java:934)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:435)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:527)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.AbstractComponentResponse.include(AbstractComponentResponse.java:89)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.PortalComponentResponse.include(PortalComponentResponse.java:232)
at com.sapportals.portal.htmlb.page.JSPDynPage.doOutput(JSPDynPage.java:76)
at com.sapportals.htmlb.page.PageProcessor.handleRequest(PageProcessor.java:129)
at com.sapportals.portal.htmlb.page.PageProcessorComponent.doContent(PageProcessorComponent.java:134)
at com.sap.nw.wpc.editor.EditorTool.doContent(EditorTool.java:55)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.AbstractPortalComponent.serviceDeprecated(AbstractPortalComponent.java:209)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.AbstractPortalComponent.service(AbstractPortalComponent.java:114)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.callPortalComponent(PortalRequestManager.java:328)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:136)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:189)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.PortalComponentResponse.include(PortalComponentResponse.java:215)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.pom.PortalNode.service(PortalNode.java:645)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.callPortalComponent(PortalRequestManager.java:328)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:136)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.dispatchRequest(PortalRequestManager.java:189)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.runRequestCycle(PortalRequestManager.java:753)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.connection.ServletConnection.handleRequest(ServletConnection.java:240)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.dispatcher.Dispatcher$doService.run(Dispatcher.java:524)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sapportals.portal.prt.dispatcher.Dispatcher.service(Dispatcher.java:407)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:853)
at com.sap.engine.services.servlets_jsp.server.servlet.InvokerServlet.service(InvokerServlet.java:156)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:853)
at com.sap.engine.services.servlets_jsp.server.HttpHandlerImpl.runServlet(HttpHandlerImpl.java:401)
at com.sap.engine.services.servlets_jsp.server.HttpHandlerImpl.handleRequest(HttpHandlerImpl.java:266)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.RequestAnalizer.startServlet(RequestAnalizer.java:386)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.RequestAnalizer.startServlet(RequestAnalizer.java:364)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.RequestAnalizer.invokeWebContainer(RequestAnalizer.java:1039)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.RequestAnalizer.handle(RequestAnalizer.java:265)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.Client.handle(Client.java:95)
at com.sap.engine.services.httpserver.server.Processor.request(Processor.java:175)
at com.sap.engine.core.service630.context.cluster.session.ApplicationSessionMessageListener.process(ApplicationSessionMessageListener.java:33)
at com.sap.engine.core.cluster.impl6.session.MessageRunner.run(MessageRunner.java:41)
at com.sap.engine.core.thread.impl3.ActionObject.run(ActionObject.java:37)
at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
at com.sap.engine.core.thread.impl3.SingleThread.execute(SingleThread.java:102)
at com.sap.engine.core.thread.impl3.SingleThread.run(SingleThread.java:172)
Do you have any ideas? I am running EP7 SPS 15
Thanks in advance

New Pagelayout in Web page composer and TREX problem

Hello Experts-
I have created a custom page layout for web page composer pages. I havent included it any bundle file to, because we use it only for english language. Everything works as desired. But any new page created with this layout. System is not able to index it. Its fails to index with preparation failed error.
Does it have anything to do with the budnle file?
All other pages are getting indexed.
We are on EP 7.018 version of portal and same withh web page composer too.
Please let me know your thoughts.
Thanks,
Raj.

Martin-
I thought the problem was solved its not.
I am seeing the following error message in the logs.
[1800] 2009-09-11 14:55:42.266 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(00897) : HTTPHEAD failed for URL
http://host:50100/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/guid/f035c289-f877-2c10-8989-af6c166e9bf9?prtmode=trex with Httpstatus 400
[1800] 2009-09-11 14:55:42.267 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(03553) : HANDLE: DISPATCH - Processing Document with key /wpccontent/Sites/AAA/webpages/home/output.xml' failed, returning PREPROCESSOR_ACTIVITY_ERROR (Code 6400)
[2057] 2009-09-11 14:55:45.458 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(00897) : HTTPHEAD failed for URL
http://host:50100/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/guid/2047530a-fb09-2c10-6382-9e379fb332f7?prtmode=trex with Httpstatus 400
[2057] 2009-09-11 14:55:45.458 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(03553) :
HANDLE: DISPATCH - Processing Document with key '/wpccontent/Sites/AA/WebPages/home/output.xml' failed, returning PREPROCESSOR_ACTIVITY_ERROR (Code 6400)
[1800] 2009-09-11 14:55:50.410 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(00897) : HTTPHEAD failed for URL
http://host:50100/irj/servlet/prt/portal/prtroot/docs/guid/2047530a-fb09-2c10-6382-9e379fb332f7?prtmode=trex with Httpstatus 400
[1800] 2009-09-11 14:55:50.411 e preprocessor Preprocessor.cpp(03553) :
HANDLE: DISPATCH - Processing Document with key '/wpccontent/Sites/AAA/webpages/home/output.xml' failed, returning PREPROCESSOR_ACTIVITY_ERROR (Code 6400)

Migration of an existing web site to Web Page Composer

Hello,
I am investigating the options and the feasibility of the migration of an existing web site to a Web Page Composer (WPC) site. The web resources of the site can easily be copied to KM and used afterwards in WPC containers. However, they can neither be integrated to the WPC site navigation nor edited through the WPC UI. For example, only WPC Web Page or Web Sites can be WPC navigation nodes.
Has anyone ever done or tried such a migration? Do you know where I could find a description (or the javadocs) of the WPC API? Any suggestions or hints will be much appreciated.
Thank you
Youlian Dimitrov

Hi Youlian.
If I understand correctly you have rebuilt only a few hundreds of the old pages using WPC forms. Did you do this manually or you have found a way of migrating them programmatically?
Yes, we did it manually for a two reasons:
1. short timetable;
2. 20 intranet sites with variety of used technologies and tools, styles, navigation structures.
Did you leave the rest of the pages as HTML (non-WPC) files?
Yes. But we imported them into KM.
Does it mean that you have implemented only part of the navigation structure through the WPC/portal navigation?
Yes and no.
Firstly, in our case it would be a bad idea to bring all legacy, sometimes cluttered, navigation structure to a new platform as is.
Secondly, keeping in mind that in a common scenario portal already has own top level navigation you should carefully decide how deep is your site navigation structure will be.
Finally, migration it is a good time for information architecture redesign based on standards and guidelines.
Assuming that you have adjusted properly the links to all resources, have you encountered any particular navigation or display issues following this approach?
I could remember two limitations concerning a navigation:
1. you should avoiding links to navigation nodes inside non-wpc html files, because in this case a target page opens without DLN;
2. first linked non-wpc html page, which placed outside wpc container, should be opened in new window.
As for design, all our display issues caused by inline styles within source html files.
Did you notice any noticeable performance degradation after the migration?
We didn't have any degradation of performance. However, it is highly individual and depends on your portal infrastructure.
Best regards,
Aliaksandr Zhukau

SAP Web Page Composer: Detailed Navigation is not getting built

Hello!
I am new at this forum. At first I´d like to say hello to everybody! :]
Our issue concerns the following:
We started to work mit the Web Page Composer to build websites für our workers. Everything worked fine until the detailed WPC-navigation is not getting built anymore. We have this issue after a portal restart. Every steps to build and publish a website were done the right way.
1. Publish navigation und paste it to the external connector of the role in the form "wpcnavigation:///wpcontent..."
2. Permissions and security zones were set. Even the super admin is not able to see the detaild navigation anymore.
It is still possible to put single webpages to iViews and then to display them in the portal. And every function of the Web Page Composer works fine. The caches are deactivated. I tried to build a new site with new pages and a new navigation but there is the same problem, no detailed navigation is shown in the portal navigation. The role is assigned to a user and he can see the role at the top navigation but when clicking on it no detailed navigation appears, just a blank page.
As I mentioned this iusse appears after a portal restart. What could be the problem?
Thank you in advance!
Best regards
Georg

Hello Sandeep!
I created a new role and also did the Initial Configurations but it still does not work. May be there is a problem with the external connector where I connect the WPC navigation with the portal navigation? I know it sounds confusing but is there may be a way I could "reset" the WPC configuration? Because at the moment I tried to merge roles the system saved "some configuration" and started to avoid displaying the detailed navigation. So if could delete/reset/change this configuration, it could be that the navigation will be displayed again? I do not unterstand, if I just use one role and so avoid merging roles it just should work again? Or I am on the wrong way? Hopefully I am not telling bull**** right now! :]
At this moment our system running SAP NetWeaver 7.00 SP18. The patch is only available at least SAP NetWeaver 7.00 SP20. We are probably going to upgrade in october to SAP NetWeaver 7.00 SP23 and then we can update the WPC, too. Our Basis said, I have to wait till october. Before this upgrade no updates will be done.
Thanks for your help so far!
Kind regards!
Georg
Edited by: GBrauer on Aug 30, 2011 9:21 AM

WPC Web Page Composer Change Component Layout

Hi,
how can I change the component layout in a Web Page Composer template.
For instance, I want to change the fonts and color for the title in the "Teaser" form.
Or I want to change the color of the links and the font size in the "Link List".
I have already created a new Layout, but I can't see anything to change the CSS-Parameters for the component layout.

Karl,
To answer your question, you will have to create your own web forms and then drag and drop to the container of the page layout to have the page rendered in the required style. This involves you creating the xml and xsl files corresponding to the new webform and refering the style(present in your own css file) in the XSL file associated wtih the new webform. Not only that there are quite a few configurations to be done.
Refer to the following sdn help to create new webforms - http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70/helpdata/en/45/599b78b0aa3bdde10000000a1553f7/frameset.htm Hope it helps.

Exception while trying to create an article in Web Page Composer

Hi Experts,
I'm new to Web Page Composer.
When I try to create an article in the folder 'Cross-Site-Content', a pop-up opens up and the following error is thrown:
Portal Runtime Error
An exception occurred while processing a request for :
iView : N/A
Component Name : N/A
com/sap/nw/kmc/readonly/ReadOnlyModeException.
Exception id: 03:46_30/01/10_0007_307377350
See the details for the exception ID in the log file
When I check the log file in C:\usr\sap\F48\JC30\j2ee\cluster\server0\log, the following trace is shown:
Caused by: java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: com/sap/nw/kmc/readonly/ReadOnlyModeException
     at com.sap.nw.wpc.editor.EditorTool.getPage(EditorTool.java:59)
     at com.sapportals.portal.htmlb.page.PageProcessorComponent.getPage(PageProcessorComponent.java:193)
     at com.sapportals.portal.htmlb.page.PageProcessorComponent.doOnNodeReady(PageProcessorComponent.java:62)
     at com.sapportals.portal.prt.component.AbstractPortalComponent.handleEvent(AbstractPortalComponent.java:388)
     at com.sapportals.portal.prt.pom.ComponentNode.handleEvent(ComponentNode.java:252)
     at com.sapportals.portal.prt.pom.PortalNode.fireEventOnNode(PortalNode.java:368)
     at com.sapportals.portal.prt.pom.AbstractNode.addChildNode(AbstractNode.java:340)
     at com.sapportals.portal.prt.core.PortalRequestManager.runRequestCycle(PortalRequestManager.java:642)
     ... 21 more
Please advise
Regards,
Nitin

Hi Nitin.
At first, I suggest checking for a documentation regarding a configuration has made for WPC repository and components, because logically it seams that in your company scenario Cross-site content folder intended for storing only image files.
At second, check configuration parameters of web resources for an Article and Banner forms. In standard configuration of both resources the parameter Allowed RIDs contains /wpccontent/Cross-site Content/** (refer to the [help.sap.com|http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw70ehp1/helpdata/EN/45/fef92d98f13830e10000000a11466f/frameset.htm]).
Hope it helps.
Best regards,
Aliaksandr Zhukau

Web page composer : new web form

Similar Messages

Maybe you are looking for