What are the details about the TLS option in the Mail.app and the com.apple.idms.appleid.prd....... certificate found as an option there?

I first looked TLS up on wikipedia, and found that it is a newer, more secure technology than SSL... apparently adding an extra layer of security by preventing email from sitting on a server somewhere enroute to its address??  I guess I don't understand...  Is TLS like digitally signing your email whereas SSL is a encryption technology?  Where did this certificate come from that shows up in the Mail.app preference pane?  Is it given to you along with your Apple Id now?  It is available for my gmail, iCloud, and yahoo email accounts on Mail.app preferences but not Exchange.  I've tested it out, and my email seems to working as normal...
I would really appreciate some help!  I am just curious and I an ametuer at all this.  I've taken a lot of interest in privacy and security issues...  Many thanks!

I first looked TLS up on wikipedia, and found that it is a newer, more secure technology than SSL... apparently adding an extra layer of security by preventing email from sitting on a server somewhere enroute to its address??  I guess I don't understand...  Is TLS like digitally signing your email whereas SSL is a encryption technology?  Where did this certificate come from that shows up in the Mail.app preference pane?  Is it given to you along with your Apple Id now?  It is available for my gmail, iCloud, and yahoo email accounts on Mail.app preferences but not Exchange.  I've tested it out, and my email seems to working as normal...
I would really appreciate some help!  I am just curious and I an ametuer at all this.  I've taken a lot of interest in privacy and security issues...  Many thanks!

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