What is Apple's process on feature integration?

I am genuinly curious as to how Apple decide what to include on an iOS update. Why did they go with a camera shortcut on the lockscreen instead of a phone shortcut? Why is it only one shortcut and not two? Why are there no utility/setting shortcuts/toggles on the notification center? How come they didn't include actual phone calls on the banner system like that Jailbreak tweak, Callbar, does? What promotes them to continue limiting blutooth sharing with only other iOS devices? Dont't get me wrong, love my iphone 4S! Hence why I stick with it inswtead of an android or Windows phone. Ust look at the level of cussomization on the android phones and the menu transitions on the windows phone and wonder... I assume they look at all these things; competition, jailbreak scene, customer reviews, etc. Whhat happens in Apple that they keep things simple with, what appears at time, limited flexibility?

See page 71 of the book that came with your Leopard package - 90 days of complimentary telephone support
Larry Nebel

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  • What are the major process to transfer the data from legacy to sap system.

    What are the major process to transfer the data from legacy to sap system using BDC at Real Time only?

    hi,
    BATCH DATA COMMUNICATION
    main methods are:
    1. SESSION METHOD
    2. CALL TRANSACTION
    3. DIRECT INPUT
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    • Step through the transaction, entering the data will be required for processing your batch input data.
    • On each screen, note the program name and screen (dynpro) number.
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    • Find out the identification code for each function (button or menu) that you must execute to process the batch-input data (or to go to new screen).
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    Once you have program name, screen number, field name (screen field name), you can start writing.
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    Declaring internal table
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    Declaring internal table like BDCDATA
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    The batch input structure stores the data that is to be entered into SAP system and the actions that are necessary to process the data. The batch input structure is used by all of the batch input methods. You can use the same structure for all types of batch input, regardless of whether you are creating a session in the batch input queue or using CALL TRANSACTION.
    This structure is BDCDATA, which can contain the batch input data for only a single run of a transaction. The typical processing loop in a program is as follows:
    • Create a BDCDATA structure
    • Write the structure out to a session or process it with CALL TRANSACTION USING; and then
    • Create a BDCDATA structure for the next transaction that is to be processed.
    Within a BDCDATA structure, organize the data of screens in a transaction. Each screen that is processed in the course of a transaction must be identified with a BDCDATA record. This record uses the Program, Dynpro, and Dynbegin fields of the structure.
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    • Data that is entered into screen fields.
    • Function codes that are entered into the command field. Such function codes execute functions in a transaction, such as Save or Enter.
    The BDCDATA structure contains the following fields:
    • PROGRAM: Name of module pool program associated with the screen. Set this field only for the first record for the screen.
    • DYNPRO: Screen Number. Set this field only in the first record for the screen.
    • DYNBEGIN: Indicates the first record for the screen. Set this field to X, only for the first record for the screen. (Reset to ‘ ‘ (blank) for all other records.)
    • FNAM: Field Name. The FNAM field is not case-sensitive.
    • FVAL: Value for the field named in FNAM. The FVAL field is case-sensitive. Values assigned to this field are always padded on the right, if they are less than 132 characters. Values must be in character format.
    Transferring data from local file to internal table
    Data is uploaded to internal table by UPLOAD of WS_UPLOAD function.
    Population of BDCDATA
    For each record of internal table, you need to populate Internal table, which is similar to BDCDATA structure.
    All these five initial steps are necessary for any type of BDC interface.
    DATA TRANSFER program can call SESSION METHOD or CALL TRANSACTION. The initial steps for both the methods are same.
    First step for both the methods is to upload the data to internal table. From Internal Table, the data is transferred to database table by two ways i.e., Session method and Call transaction.
    SESSION METHOD
    About Session method
    In this method you transfer data from internal table to database table through sessions.
    In this method, an ABAP/4 program reads the external data that is to be entered in the SAP System and stores the data in session. A session stores the actions that are required to enter your data using normal SAP transaction i.e., Data is transferred to session which in turn transfers data to database table.
    Session is intermediate step between internal table and database table. Data along with its action is stored in session i.e., data for screen fields, to which screen it is passed, the program name behind it, and how the next screen is processed.
    When the program has finished generating the session, you can run the session to execute the SAP transactions in it. You can either explicitly start and monitor a session or have the session run in the background processing system.
    Unless session is processed, the data is not transferred to database table.
    BDC_OPEN_GROUP
    You create the session through program by BDC_OPEN_GROUP function.
    Parameters to this function are:
    • User Name: User name
    • Group: Name of the session
    • Lock Date: The date on which you want to process the session.
    • Keep: This parameter is passed as ‘X’ when you want to retain session after
    processing it or ‘ ‘ to delete it after processing.
    BDC_INSERT
    This function creates the session & data is transferred to Session.
    Parameters to this function are:
    • Tcode: Transaction Name
    • Dynprotab: BDC Data
    BDC_CLOSE_GROUP
    This function closes the BDC Group. No Parameters.
    Some additional information for session processing
    When the session is generated using the KEEP option within the BDC_OPEN_GROUP, the system always keeps the sessions in the queue, whether it has been processed successfully or not.
    However, if the session is processed, you have to delete it manually. When session processing is completed successfully while KEEP option was not set, it will be removed automatically from the session queue. Log is not removed for that session.
    If the batch-input session is terminated with errors, then it appears in the list of INCORRECT session and it can be processed again. To correct incorrect session, you can analyze the session. The Analysis function allows to determine which screen and value has produced the error. If you find small errors in data, you can correct them interactively, otherwise you need to modify batch input program, which has generated the session or many times even the data file.
    CALL TRANSACTION
    About CALL TRANSACTION
    A technique similar to SESSION method, while batch input is a two-step procedure, Call Transaction does both steps online, one after the other. In this method, you call a transaction from your program by
    Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
    Mode <A/N/E>
    Update <S/A>
    Messages into <MSGTAB>.
    Parameter – 1 is transaction code.
    Parameter – 2 is name of BDCTAB table.
    Parameter – 3 here you are specifying mode in which you execute transaction
    A is all screen mode. All the screen of transaction are displayed.
    N is no screen mode. No screen is displayed when you execute the transaction.
    E is error screen. Only those screens are displayed wherein you have error record.
    Parameter – 4 here you are specifying update type by which database table is updated.
    S is for Synchronous update in which if you change data of one table then all the related Tables gets updated. And sy-subrc is returned i.e., sy-subrc is returned for once and all.
    A is for Asynchronous update. When you change data of one table, the sy-subrc is returned. And then updating of other affected tables takes place. So if system fails to update other tables, still sy-subrc returned is 0 (i.e., when first table gets updated).
    Parameter – 5 when you update database table, operation is either successful or unsuccessful or operation is successful with some warning. These messages are stored in internal table, which you specify along with MESSAGE statement. This internal table should be declared like BDCMSGCOLL, a structure available in ABAP/4. It contains the following fields:
    1. Tcode: Transaction code
    2. Dyname: Batch point module name
    3. Dynumb: Batch input Dyn number
    4. Msgtyp: Batch input message type (A/E/W/I/S)
    5. Msgspra: Batch input Lang, id of message
    6. Msgid: Message id
    7. MsgvN: Message variables (N = 1 - 4)
    For each entry, which is updated in database, table message is available in BDCMSGCOLL. As BDCMSGCOLL is structure, you need to declare a internal table which can contain multiple records (unlike structure).
    Steps for CALL TRANSACTION method
    1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
    2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
    3. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
    4. Loop at itab.
    Populate BDCTAB table.
    Call transaction <tcode> using <BDCTAB>
    Mode <A/N/E>
    Update <S/A>.
    Refresh BDCTAB.
    Endloop.
    (To populate BDCTAB, You need to transfer each and every field)
    The major differences between Session method and Call transaction are as follows:
    SESSION METHOD CALL TRANSACTION
    1. Data is not updated in database table unless Session is processed. Immediate updation in database table.
    2. No sy-subrc is returned. Sy-subrc is returned.
    3. Error log is created for error records. Errors need to be handled explicitly
    4. Updation in database table is always synchronous Updation in database table can be synchronous Or Asynchronous.
    Error Handling in CALL TRANSACTION
    When Session Method updates the records in database table, error records are stored in the log file. In Call transaction there is no such log file available and error record is lost unless handled. Usually you need to give report of all the error records i.e., records which are not inserted or updated in the database table. This can be done by the following method:
    Steps for the error handling in CALL TRANSACTION
    1. Internal table for the data (structure similar to your local file)
    2. BDCTAB like BDCDATA
    3. Internal table BDCMSG like BDCMSGCOLL
    4. Internal table similar to Ist internal table
    (Third and fourth steps are for error handling)
    5. UPLOAD or WS_UPLOAD function to upload the data from the local file to itab. (Considering file is local file)
    6. Loop at itab.
    Populate BDCTAB table.
    Call transaction <tr.code> using <Bdctab>
    Mode <A/N/E>
    Update <S/A>
    Messages <BDCMSG>.
    Perform check.
    Refresh BDCTAB.
    Endloop.
    7 Form check.
    IF sy-subrc <> 0. (Call transaction returns the sy-subrc if updating is not successful).
    Call function Format_message.
    (This function is called to store the message given by system and to display it along with record)
    Append itab2.
    Display the record and message.
    DIRECT INPUT
    About Direct Input
    In contrast to batch input, this technique does not create sessions, but stores the data directly. It does not simulate the online transaction. To enter the data into the corresponding database tables directly, the system calls a number of function modules that execute any necessary checks. In case of errors, the direct input technique provides a restart mechanism. However, to be able to activate the restart mechanism, direct input programs must be executed in the background only. Direct input checks the data thoroughly and then updates the database directly.
    You can start a Direct Input program in two ways;
    Start the program directly
    This is the quickest way to see if the program works with your flat file. This option is possible with all direct input programs. If the program ends abnormally, you will not have any logs telling you what has or has not been posted. To minimize the chance of this happening, always use the check file option for the first run with your flat file. This allows you to detect format errors before transfer.
    Starting the program via the DI administration transaction
    This transaction restarts the processing, if the data transfer program aborts. Since DI document are immediately posted into the SAP D/B, the restart option prevents the duplicate document posting that occurs during a program restart (i.e., without adjusting your flat file).
    Direct input is usually done for standard data like material master, FI accounting document, SD sales order and Classification for which SAP has provided standard programs.
    First time you work with the Direct Input administration program, you will need to do some preparation before you can transfer data:
    - Create variant
    - Define job
    - Start job
    - Restart job
    Common batch input errors
    - The batch input BDCDATA structure tries to assign values to fields which do not exist in the current transaction screen.
    - The screen in the BDCDATA structure does not match the right sequence, or an intermediate screen is missing.
    - On exceptional occasions, the logic flow of batch input session does not exactly match that of manual online processing. Testing the sessions online can discover by this.
    - The BDCDATA structure contains fields, which are longer than the actual definition.
    - Authorization problems.
    RECORDING A BATCH INPUT
    A B recording allows you to record a R/3 transaction and generate a program that contains all screens and field information in the required BDC-DATA format.
    You can either use SHDB transaction for recording or
    SYSTEM ? SERVICES ? BATCH INPUT ? EDIT
    And from here click recording.
    Enter name for the recording.
    (Dates are optional)
    Click recording.
    Enter transaction code.
    Enter.
    Click Save button.
    You finally come to a screen where, you have all the information for each screen including BDC_OKCODE.
    • Click Get Transaction.
    • Return to BI.
    • Click overview.
    • Position the cursor on the just recorded entry and click generate program.
    • Enter program name.
    • Click enter
    The program is generated for the particular transaction.
    BACKGROUND PROCESSING
    Need for Background processing
    When a large volume of data is involved, usually all batch inputs are done in background.
    The R/3 system includes functions that allow users to work non-interactively or offline. The background processing systems handle these functions.
    Non-interactively means that instead of executing the ABAP/4 programs and waiting for an answer, user can submit those programs for execution at a more convenient planned time.
    There are several reasons to submit programs for background execution.
    • The maximum time allowed for online execution should not exceed 300 seconds. User gets TIMEOUT error and an aborted transaction, if time for execution exceeds 300 seconds. To avoid these types of error, you can submit jobs for background processing.
    • You can use the system while your program is executing.
    This does not mean that interactive or online work is not useful. Both type of processing have their own purposes. Online work is the most common one entering business data, displaying information, printing small reports, managing the system and so on. Background jobs are mainly used for the following tasks; to process large amount of data, to execute periodic jobs without human intervention, to run program at a more convenient, planned time other than during normal working hours i.e., Nights or weekends.
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    Or
    Tools ? Administration ? Jobs ? Define jobs
    Or
    System ? services ? Jobs
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    A job in Background processing is a series of steps that can be scheduled and step is a program for background processing.
    • Job name. Define the name of assigned to the job. It identifies the job. You can specify up to 32 characters for the name.
    • Job class. Indicates the type of background processing priority assigned to the job.
    The job class determines the priority of a job. The background system admits three types of job classes: A B & C, which correspond to job priority.
    • Job steps. Parameters to be passed for this screen are as follows:
    Program name.
    Variant if it is report program
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    Immediate - allows you to start a job immediately.
    Date/Time - allows you to start a job at a specific name.
    After job - you can start a job after a particular job.
    After event - allows you to start a job after a particular event.
    At operation mode - allows you to start a job when the system switches to a particular operation mode.
    Defining Background jobs
    It is two step process: Firstly, you define the job and then release it.
    When users define a job and save it, they are actually scheduling the report i.e., specifying the job components, the steps, the start time.
    When users schedule program for background processing, they are instructing the system to execute an ABAP/4 report or an external program in the background. Scheduled jobs are not executed until they are released. When jobs are released, they are sent for execution to the background processing system at the specified start time. Both scheduling and releasing of jobs require authorizations.
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    Many times in transaction pop up screen appears and for this screen you don’t pass any record but some indication to system telling it to proceed further. For example: The following screen
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    http://myweb.dal.ca/hchinni/sap/bdc_home.htm
    https://www.sdn.sap.com/irj/sdn/wiki?path=/display/home/bdc&
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/learning-bdc-programming.htm
    http://www.sapdevelopment.co.uk/bdc/bdchome.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
    http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/69/c250684ba111d189750000e8322d00/frameset.htm
    http://www.sapbrain.com/TUTORIALS/TECHNICAL/BDC_tutorial.html
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    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/difference-between-batch-input-and-call-transaction-in-bdc.htm
    http://www.sap-img.com/abap/question-about-bdc-program.htm
    http://www.itcserver.com/blog/2006/06/30/batch-input-vs-call-transaction/
    http://www.planetsap.com/bdc_main_page.htm
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    null

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    Did someone help you today? Compliment them with a Kudos!
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    Message was edited by: Weida

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