What is credit management how should we tell

Question

hi
gurus my question is what is credit management.
2) If one customer exceeds his credit limit the sales order is blocked in the enduser  system.  WHO will release that order.  Whether enduser called his higher authority by telephone or mailed or it is automatically knows by the superior means who is working in the managerial level working in n.s.o.
thanks in advance

Answer 1

hi
The customer’s credit limit is assigned to the customer by going to the Logistics overview screen, Accounting, Financial accounting, Accounts receivable, Master records, Credit management, Change.
A credit control area is an organizational unit that is comprised of one or more company codes.
Create a credit control area and assign it to a company code in the Enterprise structure under financial accounting.
A customer’s risk category is a grouping category that controls the credit checks when automatic credit control takes place.
In SD credit check can occur in only three places: sales order, delivery and goods issue.
The system can use a simple credit check, static credit check or a dynamic credit check.
The simple credit check is set at the document type level e.g., sales order, delivery etc.
Simple Credit Check
Assign credit limit check to the sales doc type:
A – warning message
B – Error message
C – Delivery block
D – Automatic credit control
SAP enables static and dynamic credit checks so that a sales order for a good customer with a low risk credit rating is created and a sales order for a high risk customer with a high risk rating for the same doc type is blocked.
Automatic credit control divides the sales doc types, delivery doc types, and goods issue into specific credit groups.
An outcome procedure is defined using the credit group, the customer’s risk category along with the credit control area.
Risk categories are defined in the FI module.
Create the different credit groups e.g., for sales order, delivery, goods issue.
Assign the credit groups to the sales and delivery doc types.
Now define the settings for automatic credit control -> combination of credit control area, customer’s risk category, and credit group.
All that remains is the assignment of the risk category to the customer master record. This occurs in Finance by going to the Logistics overview screen -> Accounting, Financial Accounting, Accounts receivable, Master records, Credit management, Change or FD32.
The static credit check is a check comparing the credit limit assigned to the customer to the total value of open sales orders, plus the total value of open deliveries not yet invoiced, plus the total value of open billing documents not yet passed on to accounting, plus the total value of billing documents that have been passed on to accounting, but which have not been paid by the customer.
The dynamic credit check is a check comparing the credit limit assigned to the customer to the total value of open sales orders not yet delivered, plus the total value of open deliveries not yet invoiced, plus the total value of open billing documents not yet passed on to accounting, plus the total value of billing documents that have been passed on to accounting, but which have not been paid by the customer. The dynamic credit check has an attached time period that states that the system is not to include sales orders in the total of outstanding items created after the specified time period.
The credit relevant data is updated into an information structure, where it is accessed and updated. Thus each automatic credit control must be assigned an update group. The system allows for no update, and update group 000012, 000015 and 000018. However, update group 000012 is thorough and used in most businesses.
To view the customer’s credit master sheet, proceed from the logistics screen and go to accounting, financial accounting, accounts receivable, environment, credit management, check, credit master sheet [F.35].
Settings for determining the credit control area of a document.  The settings of items 1 - 4 are taken into account according to their priority.  The credit control area found is stored in field VBAK-KKBER.
1. Transaction OB38
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the company code.
   Company code:
   Credit control area:
2. Transaction OVFL
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the sales area.
   Sales area:
   Credit control area:
3. Transaction XD02 or VD02
   Check which credit control area is assigned to the payer.
   Payer:
   Credit control area:
4. Transaction SE37
   Is user exit EXIT_SAPV45K_001 being used?
5. Transaction OBZK
   For the settings under items 2 - 4, field "All company codes" must be marked in Transaction
   OB45, or the credit control area must be entered under the relevant company code in table
   T001CM of the credit control areas allowed.
   Company code:
   Credit control areas allowed:
6. Settings for the credit checks
7. Transaction OVAK
   Which settings do exist for the sales document type used?
   Sales document:
   Check credit:
   Credit group:
8. Transaction OVAD
   Which settings do exist for the delivery type used?
   Delivery type:
   Credit group for delivery:
   Credit group for goods issue:
9. Transaction OB01
   Credit management/Change risk category
   Definition of the risk category for each credit control area. This risk category can be
   assigned to a credit account by using Transaction FD32.
10. Transaction OVA8
    Here, the individual credit checks for key fields
    o credit control area
    o risk category
    o credit group are set. Take these key fields from the above settings and go to the detail
      screen. In particular, check whether fields "Reaction" and "Status/block" are set
      correctly. To carry out follow-up actions in case of a credit block, the credit check
      status must be set (field "Status/block").
11. Transaction FD32
    Credit master data for the payer of the relevant document.
    Credit account:
    Credit limit:
    Risk category:
    Currency:
12. Settings for updating the credit values Update of the credit values is required for the limit
    check (static or dynamic credit limit check).
13. Transaction OVA7
    Update of the credit value is active for the corresponding item type if the check box is marked. This field corresponds to 
    field "Active receivable" in Transaction VOV7.
    Item type: 
    Active receivable:
14. Transaction V/08, Pricing
    In the pricing procedure used for pricing, subtotal "A" must be entered in a line for
    determining the credit value (mark the pricing procedure and doubleclick on "Control").
    Usually, the net value plus taxes is used. This way the system is determined to use this
    subtotal for credit pricing. The credit price is stored in field VBAP-CMPRE and used for
    update and credit check.
    You can find the used pricing procedure of the order under "Item -> Condition -> Analysis".
    Pricing procedure:
    Line with subtotal = 'A':
15. Transaction OB45
    Which update group (field "Update") do you use in the relevant credit control area? The
    default setting is "12". If you use another update group, check whether this is fine with
    you. If you open an OSS message, please tell us the alternative update group.
    Credit control area:
    Update:
16. Transaction OMO1
    Which kind of update did you choose for structure S066? 
     In any case, "Synchronous update (1)" has to be chosen as the kind of update. 
     All other settings will lead to errors.
Reward if USeful
Thanx & Regrads.
Naren..