What is the difference between access specifiers and access modifiers?

what is the difference between access specifiers and access modifiers? are they same? if not what is the difference.

Access Specifier are used to specifiy how the member variable ,methods or class to other classes.They are public ,private and protected.
Access Modifier:
1.Access
2.Non Access
Access:
public ,private,protected and default.
Non Access:
abstract,final,native,static,synchronized,transient,volatile and strictfp

Similar Messages

What is the difference between standard,sorted and hash table

<b>can anyone say what is the difference between standard,sorted and hash tabl</b>

Hi,
Standard Tables:
Standard tables have a linear index. You can access them using either the index or the key. If you use the key, the response time is in linear relationship to the number of table entries. The key of a standard table is always non-unique, and you may not include any specification for the uniqueness in the table definition.
This table type is particularly appropriate if you want to address individual table entries using the index. This is the quickest way to access table entries. To fill a standard table, append lines using the (APPEND) statement. You should read, modify and delete lines by referring to the index (INDEX option with the relevant ABAP command). The response time for accessing a standard table is in linear relation to the number of table entries. If you need to use key access, standard tables are appropriate if you can fill and process the table in separate steps. For example, you can fill a standard table by appending records and then sort it. If you then use key access with the binary search option (BINARY), the response time is in logarithmic relation to
the number of table entries.
Sorted Tables:
Sorted tables are always saved correctly sorted by key. They also have a linear key, and, like standard tables, you can access them using either the table index or the key. When you use the key, the response time is in logarithmic relationship to the number of table entries, since the system uses a binary search. The key of a sorted table can be either unique, or non-unique, and you must specify either UNIQUE or NON-UNIQUE in the table definition. Standard tables and sorted tables both belong to the generic group index tables.
This table type is particularly suitable if you want the table to be sorted while you are still adding entries to it. You fill the table using the (INSERT) statement, according to the sort sequence defined in the table key. Table entries that do not fit are recognised before they are inserted. The response time for access using the key is in logarithmic relation to the number of
table entries, since the system automatically uses a binary search. Sorted tables are appropriate for partially sequential processing in a LOOP, as long as the WHERE condition contains the beginning of the table key.
Hashed Tables:
Hashes tables have no internal linear index. You can only access hashed tables by specifying the key. The response time is constant, regardless of the number of table entries, since the search uses a hash algorithm. The key of a hashed table must be unique, and you must specify UNIQUE in the table definition.
This table type is particularly suitable if you want mainly to use key access for table entries. You cannot access hashed tables using the index. When you use key access, the response time remains constant, regardless of the number of table entries. As with database tables, the key of a hashed table is always unique. Hashed tables are therefore a useful way of constructing and
using internal tables that are similar to database tables.
Regards,
Ferry Lianto

What is the difference between customer exits and user exits?

hello friends,
what is the difference between customer exits and user exits?

Hi
User exit - A user exit is a three character code that instructs the system to access a program during system processing.
SXX: S is for standard exits that are delivered by SAP.   XX represents the 2-digit exit number.
UXX: U is for user exits that are defined by the user. XX represents the 2-digit exit number
Customer exit - The R/3 enhancement concept allows you to add your own functionality to SAPs standard business applications without having to modify the original applications. SAP creates customer exits for specific programs, screens, and menus within standard R/3 applications. These exits do not contain any functionality. Instead, the customer exits act as hooks. You can hang your own add-on functionality onto these hooks.     *-- Mani
The following document is about exits in SAP :-
The R/3 enhancement concept allows you to add your own functionality to SAPs standard business applications without having to modify the original applications.
SAP creates user exits for specific programs, screens, and menus within standard R/3 applications. These exits do not contain any functionality. Instead, the customer exits act as hooks. You can hang your own add-on functionality onto these hooks.
Types of Exits
There are several different types of user exits. Each of these exits acts as hooks where you can attach or "hang" your own add-ons.
Menu Exits
Menu exits add items to the pulldown menus in standard SAP applications. You can use these menu items to call up your own screens or to trigger entire add-on applications.
SAP creates menu exits by defining special menu items in the Menu Painter. These special entries have function codes that begin with "+" (a plus sign). You specify the menu items text when activating the item in an add-on project.
Screen Exits
Screen exits add fields to screens in R/3 applications. SAP creates screen exits by placing special subscreen areas on a standard R/3 screen and calling a customer subscreen from the standard screens flow logic.
Function Module Exits
Function module exits add functions to R/3 applications. Function module exits play a role in both menu and screen exits.
When you add a new menu item to a standard pull down menu, you use a function module exit to define the actions that should take place once your menu is activated.
Function module exits also control the data flow between standard programs and screen exit fields. SAP application developers create function module exits by writing calls to customer functions into the source code of standard R/3 programs.
These calls have the following syntax:
CALL CUSTOMER-FUNCTION 001.
Field Exits
Field exits allow you to create your own programming logic for any data element in the Dictionary. You can use this logic to carry out checks, conversions, or business-related processing for any screen field. Example: The data element BBBNR identifies a companys international location number. You might want to set up your R/3 System so that all international location numbers are larger than 100.
The field exit concept lets you create a special function module that contains this logic.
You assign the special function module to the data element BBBNR. You then assign the module to any programs and screens in which users can add new international location numbers. When you activate your field exit, the system automatically triggers your special routine whenever a user enters a company location number.
In 4.6c, you can use "RSMODPRF" program to create field exits.
An example of a user exits :-
MODULE user_exit_0001 INPUT
    CASE okcode.
        WHEN 'BACK OR EXIT'.
            CASE sy-dynnr.
                    WHEN '100'.
                         SET SCREEN 0.
                         LEAVE SCREEN.
                    WHEN '200'.
                         SET SCREEN 100.
                         LEAVE SCREEN.
             ENDCASE.
      ENDCASE.

What is the difference between Session timeout and Short Session timeout Under Excel Service Application -- session management?

Under Excel Service Application --> session management; what is the difference between Session timeout and Short Session timeout?

Any call made from the API will automatically be set to the “Session Timeout” period, no matter
what. Calls made from EWA (Excel Web Access) will get the “Short Session Timeout” period assigned to it initially.
Short Session Timeout and Session Timeout in Excel Services
Short Session Timeout and Session Timeout in Excel Services - Part 2
Sessions and session time-outs in Excel Services
above links are from old version but still applies to all.
Please remember to mark your question as answered &Vote helpful,if this solves/helps your problem. ****************************************************************************************** Thanks -WS MCITP(SharePoint 2010, 2013) Blog: http://wscheema.com/blog

(261680070) Q WWO-13 What are the difference between WLS6.1 and WLS7.0 web services?

Q<WWO-13> What are the difference between WLS6.1 and WLS7.0 web services?
A<WWO-13> The differences are huge, so different in fact that 6.1 web services cannot
be deployed in 7.0. WLS7.0 and Workshop have much greater functionality than the
limited stateless session (RPC-style) and JMS destination (MSG-style) approach of
6.1. Workshop web services can interact with any type of EJB, any JMS destination
as well as other web services and directly accessing databases. The framework for
building the web service is better and more adaptable and Workshop provides a fully
integrated develop, deploy, test and debug environment. Additionally, WLS7.0 have
the capacity to be much better at performance since due to XML parser enhancements
and the addition of XML maps.

If you want to take existing WLS6.1 web services and convert them to WLS7.0 you can
do so quite easily. The WLS7.0 Ant still supports wsgen so you do not need to even
change your build.xml file. The generated web service however will be implemented
is a manner compliant with the WLS7.0 environment. More details are at:
http://e-docs.bea.com/wls/docs70/webServices/anttasks.html#1070576
"Adam FitzGerald" <[email protected]> wrote:
>
Q<WWO-13> What are the difference between WLS6.1 and WLS7.0 web services?
A<WWO-13> The differences are huge, so different in fact that 6.1 web services
cannot
be deployed in 7.0. WLS7.0 and Workshop have much greater functionality
than the
limited stateless session (RPC-style) and JMS destination (MSG-style) approach
of
6.1. Workshop web services can interact with any type of EJB, any JMS destination
as well as other web services and directly accessing databases. The framework
for
building the web service is better and more adaptable and Workshop provides
a fully
integrated develop, deploy, test and debug environment. Additionally, WLS7.0
have
the capacity to be much better at performance since due to XML parser enhancements
and the addition of XML maps.

What is the difference between workbench request and customizing request

hi gurus
can anyone suggest me
what is the difference between
workbench request and
customizing request
abaper ll work on which request
thank you
regards
kals.

A quick search in the forum would have taken you to this answer
Workbench Requests
When you change a Repository object of the ABAP Workbench, a query window appears in which you need to specify a Workbench request. You can only save the changes if you have assigned the object to a change request.
Workbench requests and the tasks assigned to them are normally used to record changes to Repository objects and Customizing for all clients. However, you can also include client-specific Customizing.
Whether the changes to Repository objects are transported depends on whether a transport route is defined from the current SAP System for the package of these objects. From the system settings, the system automatically determines whether the change requests are transportable and to which target system they should be transported.
Customizing requests
Customizing requests record client-specific Customizing settings made in a single client (the source client of the request).
Automatic recording of configuration activities in the Customizing work for a client can be activated or deactivated for each client with Client Control. If automatic recording is active, a query window appears when you change Customizing settings, asking you to specify a Customizing request.
Whether Customizing requests are transported or not, does not depend on the objects entered, as is the case with Workbench change requests. The Customizing requests in an SAP System (or in a client if you use Extended Transport Control) are either all transportable or all local, depending on the system setting. The system uses the standard transport layer to determine automatically whether the change requests are transportable and to which target system they should be transported. However, you can change this manually.

What is the difference between full checkpoint and incremental checkpoint?

What is the difference between full checkpoint and incremental checkpoint?
And what is checkpoint queue?
Can someone clarify these concepts?
Thanks!

Hi,
there are different types of checkpoints:
- Full checkpoint:
=> DBWR writes all dirty buffers from the Buffer cache to the datafiles and CKPT retrieves a new Checkpoint Change Number from a sys owned sequence and writes this number to all file headers and the controlfile.
-- can be triggered by different events, like a logswitch, a manual checkpoint (alter system ..), a shutdown and so on
This is the setup point for SMON for a crash recovery.
- Partial checkpoint:
=> DBWR writes all dirty buffers of a singel tablespace from the Buffer cache to the datafiles and CKPT retrieves a new Checkpoint Change Number from a sys owned sequence and writes this number to all file headers and the controlfile.
-- can e triggered by an ALTER TABLESPACE OFFLINE, ALTER TABLESPACE READ ONLY, ALTER TABLESPACE BEGIN BACKUP statement.
Incremental checkpoint:
number to all file headers and the controlfile.
-- can be triggered by different events, like a logswitch, a manual checkpoint (alter system ..), a shutdown and so on
- Partial checkpoint:
=> DBWR writes all dirty buffers of a single tablespace from the Buffer cache to the datafiles and CKPT retrieves a new Checkpoint Change Number from a sys owned sequence and writes this number to all file headers and the controlfile.
-- frequency is determined by FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET parameter (new feature to Oracle 9i), with wich you can specify a time in seconds which SMON is allowed to take maximal for a Crash Recovery until the database must be open again.
Dapending on the system you have SMON must calculate the maximum number of Redolog-blocks which it can manage to recover in the specified number of seconds. It will then create so called incremental checkpoints which will be tracked in the so called checkpoint queue in memory.
FAST_START_MTTR_TARGET is auto-tuned in Oracle 10g and Oracle tries to manage (incremental) checkpoint in a fashion that a minimum of I/Os are caused and a minimum time for crash recovery is needed.
If you set LOG_CHECKPOINTS_TO_ALERT to TRUE you will find checkpoint information in the alertSID.log file. You will see FULL and INCREMENTAL checkpoints then.
Hope this clarifies your question,
Lutz Hartmann

What is the difference between Instance variable and Global variable?

Hi folks,
Could you please explain me, "what is the difference between Instance variable and Global variable?"
Are they really same or not?
--Subbu

Hi flounder,
I too know that there is no such a term GLOBAL in java.
generally people use to say a variable which is accessible throught out the class or file has global access
and that will be called as a global variable...
my point is very much similar to what Looce said.
In simple that is not a technical term, but just a causual term.
In technically my question is, "What is the difference between a instance variable and public variable?".
Hi looce,
Thanks for the reply. even thats what my understanding too....in order to confirm that i raised this question..
Your reply has given a clear answer...... thanks again.
--Subbu

What are the difference between 4.6c and 4.7 versions?

what are the difference between 4.6c and 4.7 versions?
if any please give me answer
regards
ramanji

Hi,
Upgrade SAP or Installation of SAP R/3 and ECC
What is ECC? Where to find the installation steps of ECC 5/6.0 with SQL as database and on windows platform with the steps including Solution Manager installation?
http://service.sap.com/instguides
ECC means Enterprise Central Component.
There are all the relevant installation guides. You NEED SAPNet access because without a registered and licensed SolMan installation number you will not be able to generate the SolMan key for the ECC installation.
Upgrade to 4.7
Have you gone through an upgrade to 4.7?
What are the difference or changes associated with 4.7.
If you are currently on 4.6C and are inching forward to upgrading to 4.7 then this information might be useful to you.
There is very little difference between 4.6 and 4.7, the only "steps" you should need are steps in SU25 ( skip step 1) Then go through all your role and perform a merge old new to bring in the new authorization objects
Just to forewarn you of a potential problem which have been encounter at the point of writing.
After updating/ modifying roles in step 2C, when going back into 2C to make sure all roles are now green, 70% have gone back to red!
The maintenance done is ok, but there seems to be a problem while trying to go back into the roles again to re-generate.
SAP recognizes them as needing "adjustment", so you cannot pick them up in mass generate in PFCG as they do not come in, even though the authorizations tab is red.
This problem is currently with SAP and it is confirmed that nothing have been done wrongly.
Generally, the work is quite manageable in the upgrade, but don't be surprised at how big the upgrade is when compared to upgrading from 46b to 46c.
If we have full software of 46c and 47E is it possible to upgrade 46c to 47E or there is a seperate 47E upgrade software need to be requested from SAP?
Where I can get the document with upgrade steps on the service market place?
It is of course possible and supported:
http://service.sap.com/inguides
--> SAP Components
--> SAP R/3 Enterprise
--> (choose your version)
at the bottom there is an "Upgrade guide" for Windows and Unix.
For Upgrades it is recommended to read ALL the notes mentioned in the
upgrade guide and to make sure one is using
- the correct version of the "tp" program
- the correct version of the "R3trans" program
- the correct version of the "R3up" program
All that is explained in the upgrade guide and in the corresponding notes.
If this is your first upgrade you should take a person, that has some experience on doing that for the first time.
Installation of SAP R/3
Currently we are going to install SAP on a new IBM server from the existing COMPAQ server. Where can I get the steps for that.
Configuration is :
   OS - windows 2003 server
   DB - Oracle 9i
   SAP 4.7
http://service.sap.com/instguides
--> SAP Components
--> SAP R/3 Enterprise
--> SAP R/3 Enterprise Core 4.70 / Ext. Set 2.00 (SR1)
--> Inst. Guide - R/3 Enterprise 4.7 x 2.00 SR1 on Win: Oracle
The above url is the SAP Service Marketplace with all the information you need to install, configure and run system. You need to be a valid licensed customer with a user ID and PASSWORD to use that.
Without access you won't be able to successfully run any SAP systems because it has notes, patches etc.

What is the differences between Transparent,Pooled and Cluster tables?

Hello all,
What is Pool table?What is the differences between Transparent,Pooled and Cluster tables?
Regards!
Purna

Transparent table:
Tables can be defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary. The fields of the table are defined together with their (database-independent) data types and lengths.
A table definition in the ABAP Dictionary has the following components:
Table fields: The field names and the data types of the fields contained in the table are defined here.
Foreign keys: The foreign keys define the relationships between this table and other tables.
Technical settings: The technical settings define how the table is created on the database.
Indexes: Indexes can be defined for the table to speed up data selection from the table.
There are three categories of database tables in the ABAP Dictionary.
A physical table definition is created in the database for the table definition stored in the ABAP Dictionary for transparent tables when the table is activated. The table definition is translated from the ABAP Dictionary to a definition of the particular database.
On the other hand, pooled tables and cluster tables are not created in the database. The data of these tables is stored in the corresponding table pool or table cluster. It is not necessary to create indexes and technical settings for pooled and cluster tables.
Pooled table
Pooled tables can be used to store control data (e.g. screen sequences, program parameters or temporary data). Several pooled tables can be combined to form a table pool. The table pool corresponds to a physical table on the database in which all the records of the allocated pooled tables are stored.
Cluster table
Cluster tables contain continuous text, for example, documentation. Several cluster tables can be combined to form a table cluster. Several logical lines of different tables are combined to form a physical record in this table type. This permits object-by-object storage or object-by-object access. In order to combine tables in clusters, at least parts of the keys must agree. Several cluster tables are stored in one corresponding table on the database.
Regds,
Manohar

What is the difference between Topic Keywords and Index File Keywords?

What is the difference between Topic Keywords and Index File Keywords? Any advantages to using one over the other? Do they appear differently in the generated index?
RH9.0.2.271
I'm using Webhelp

Hi there
When you create a RoboHelp project you end up with many different ancillary files that are used to store different bits of information. Many of these files bear the name you assigned to the project at the time you created it. The index file has the project name and it ends with a .HHK file extension. (HHK meaning HTML Help Keywords)
Generally, unless you change RoboHelp's settings, you add keywords to this file and associate topics to the keywords via the Index pod. At the time you compile a CHM or generate other types of output, the file is consulted and the index is built.
As I said earlier, the default is to add keywords to the Index file until you configure RoboHelp to add the keywords to the topics themselves. Once you change this, any keyword added will become a META tag in the topic code. If your keyword is BOFFO, the META tag would look like this:
<meta name="MS-HKWD" content="BOFFO" />
When the help is compiled or generated, the Index (.HHK) file is consulted as normal, but any topics containing keywords added in this manner are also added to the Index you end up with. From the appearance perspective, the end user woudn't know the difference or be able to tell. Heck, if all you ever did was interact with the Index pod, you, as an author wouldn't know either. Well, other than the fact that the icons appear differently.
Operationally, keywords added to the topics themselves may hold an advantage in that if you were to import these topics into other projects, the Index keywords would already be present.
Hopefully this helps... Rick

What is the difference between Video-out and mirroring?

What is the difference between Video-out and mirroring? I can't get iPhone 4 video to work on my TV screen
I have just bought an MD098ZM/A (Apple 30-pin Digital AV Adapter). I am struggling to get it to show a picture on my TV. I know I'm doing something right because the audio is coming out of my TV speakers but no picture on the TV screen.
I have used the same HDMI channel (on the TV side) with the same cable and my thunderbolt port (MacBook Air) without any trouble - and on the same app (BBC iPlayer download then full-screen mode).
Now I note that the packaging for the MD098ZM/A says video-out on iPhone 4 but mirroring only on iPhone 4S. I only have an iPhone 4 (not the 4S). Now if the lack of iPhone 4 support for mirroring means that I can't play video material out to my TV, then in what sense is there any video-out capability at all?
There is only safety and warranty paperwork in the Apple adapter packaging - no help information. And I haven't found further guidance online either.
I do note somewhere online that it suggests that basic non-mirroring video-out (for this adapter) only works with some external TV sets. Any way of finding out which? I'm using a Sanyo CE32LD90-B LCD TV if it helps.
So far not doing very well.

Now found these but have had to give up on this adapter!
http://manuals.info.apple.com/en_US/iphone_user_guide.pdf
http://support.apple.com/kb/HT4108

What is the difference between jsp :include and server side include

what is the difference between jsp :include and server side include(request dispatcher include method)????
i understand that both request dispatcher include method and jsp:include take dynamic data,so when would one use request dispatcher include and when jsp:include.
Is the usage interchangeable?i believe jsp include is used only for jsp/html but include directive can be used to include servlets ,jsp and html....correct me if i m wrong and
do suggest if u hav ny other diff in this context...

The difference really is: in what format do you want your inclusions? If your environment has many Java developers and only a few designers that focus mainly on, say, Flash, that might push you more towards the server-side include() directive. Or, if you have a large set of pages that receive dynamic content that is displayed in a consistent fashion (such as a workflow header area on a page).
If, on the other hand, you have more web designers, there may be a greater desire to deal in markup rather than Java code. Java developers themselves might prefer to view markup (JSP) that more resembles the eventual output than something occuring in Java code.
Finally, there are considerations of tiering. While it is totally possible to (and I have previously) implement 'view classes' that render markup or generate layout templates, JSP's offer, IMO, a subtle, psychological advantage. By forcing a developer to work in a different format, markup versus Java source, the separation on view from controller and model becomes a bit easier. It is still possible to make mistakes, but if a developer at some point notices, "Wait, I'm in a JSP, should I be importing a java.sql class?", then the choice to use JSP includes has paid off in spades.
- Saish

What are the differences between ECC5.0 and 6.0 new GL functionality

Hi Experts,
What are the differences between ECC5.0 and 6.0 new GL functionality.
If we want to implement IFRS, I think New GL functionality is very helpful, but why sap is recommending only for ECC6.0 new GL functionality, Eventhough this functionality is available in ECC5.0.
Best Regards,
Dharani

Dear,
ECC 5.0 vs. ECC 6.0/SAP ERP 6.0
Functionality not available in the new G/L with mySAP ERP 2004 and ERP Central Component (ECC) 5.0:
Transfer prices
Statistical key figures
Euro translation
Audit Information System (AIS)
Archiving
Data retention tool
Regards,
Chintan Joshi.

What is the difference between document class and normal class

Hi,
Please let me know what is the difference between document class and normal class.
And I have no idea which class should call as document class or call as an object.
Thanks
-Actionscript Developer

the document class is invoked immediately when your swf opens. the document class must subclass the sprite or movieclip class.
all other classes are invoked explicitly with code and need not subclass any other class.

In OSX Activity Monitor, what's the difference between 'free' memory and 'inactive' memory

In OS X Activity Monitor, what's the difference between 'free' memory and 'inactive' memory. My daughters 2Gb MacBook Pro is very slow, it probably needs more memory but there is almost 1Gb of 'inactive' memory but no 'free' memory when an application is opened.
Thanks

Free RAM is the one that has not been used by any application since you started up your Mac, and inactive RAM is the one that was used by an application and it is not in use anymore.
1 GB of inactive RAM is a lot, and it may be the cause of the slowness. There are a lot of apps that allows you to turn inactive into free RAM. I use FreeMemory, but have a look at the Mac App Store.
If you are a developer, you can do that with a command you can type into Terminal:
sudo purge

What is the difference between access specifiers and access modifiers?

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