What is the Difference between SP file , Control File , P file??

Hello Guys, I need to understand deep information abut difference btw control file , p file, sp file. I know that sp file / p file needs to start DB .
And if there is any other critical files to DB that must to be understand about if i m missing !!
Thanks In Advance

but why 2 files?Pre V9i, there was only one parameter file, called the parameter file (the initSID.ora).
9i introdued the SPFILE as a feature that allowed
a) storing parameters for multiple RAC instances (of the same database) in one parameter file, instead of separate parameter files
b) allowing updates to the parameters via SQL commands (the ALTER SYSTEM command) when the parameter file (spfile) is managed by Oracle
Both file methods still exist
a) the pfile allows compatibility with older maintenance methods, third party products etc that expect a text based parameter file
b) the pfile can be used to store parameters in a readable format
c) the pfile can be used as a backup or to create the spfile if the spfile got corrupted or was updated with an invalid value for a parameter
You should always ensure that either one of the files is available. If both files are unavailable, there are two options
1) From 11g onwards you can create the parameter file from Memory as long as the database instance is still running
b) In all versions, you can read the non default parameter values from the alert.log and manually handcraft the pfile based on a reading of the alert.log
Hemant K Chitale

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Dear Deba s
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The database name
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The current log sequence number
Checkpoint information
For more info look into these
[Control File Basic|http://download-east.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14231/control.htm#i1006143]
Data File
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For more info look into these links
[Data files |http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/98/5dd5890f32274aa884e45e736752a2/frameset.htm]
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/98/5dd5890f32274aa884e45e736752a2/frameset.htm
Hope it helps you,Revert me back if you have any queries
Assign points if helpful
Regards
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Thanks and Regards, Uday Kiran Reddy Project Engineer Technology Infrastructure Services, Wipro Technologies ____________________________________________ Mob: +91-900-061-2578 | Email: [email protected]

Hello,
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## I know that the poster has already found a solution, but the following is a possible answer for others that have similar issues.
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chk out this
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What is the Difference between SP file , Control File , P file??

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