What is the legal validity of digital signature in adobe reader?

Good afternoon.
Sign In option of Adobe Reader, I can pick up a manual signature by a person. My question is.
Is this sign legally valid signature? Can replace a signature on paper?
many Thanks

You need to apply a specific right to the file first in Acrobat.

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Hi!
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Validating a digital signature in an xml

Hi,
Im working on validating a digital signature from an xml file . Im using the below code to get the value of signature node from the xml file.
NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLSignature.XMLNS, "Signature");
I'm getting it as nodelist object . When i try to get the length of the signature element it says 0 and hence it throws me an exception .
I have to pass this nodeliest object to validate the xml file. Im attaching the xml file as well as the progarm to validate the xml file . Can somebody help me on this.
Validate.java
import javax.xml.crypto.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dom.*;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.dom.DOMValidateContext;
import javax.xml.crypto.dsig.keyinfo.*;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.security.*;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;
import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;
import org.w3c.dom.Document;
import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;
* This is a simple example of validating an XML
* Signature using the JSR 105 API. It assumes the key needed to
* validate the signature is contained in a KeyValue KeyInfo.
public class Validate {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
try
File file = new File("c:\\test.xml");
// Instantiate the document to be validated
     DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
     DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
     dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
     //Document doc = dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(new FileInputStream("C://signature.xml"));
Document doc = db.parse(file);
     // Find Signature element
NodeList nl = doc.getElementsByTagNameNS(XMLSignature.XMLNS, "Signature");
System.out.println("the nodelist value is"+nl);
          if (nl.getLength() == 0) {
     throw new Exception("Cannot find Signature element");
     // Create a DOM XMLSignatureFactory that will be used to unmarshal the
     // document containing the XMLSignature
     XMLSignatureFactory fac = XMLSignatureFactory.getInstance("DOM");
     // Create a DOMValidateContext and specify a KeyValue KeySelector
// and document context
     //DOMValidateContext valContext = new DOMValidateContext
     // (new KeyValueKeySelector(), nl.item(0));
     DOMValidateContext valContext = new DOMValidateContext
(new KeyValueKeySelector(), nl.item(0));
          // unmarshal the XMLSignature
     XMLSignature signature = fac.unmarshalXMLSignature(valContext);
     // Validate the XMLSignature (generated above)
     boolean coreValidity = signature.validate(valContext);
     // Check core validation status
     if (coreValidity == false) {
     System.err.println("Signature failed core validation");
     boolean sv = signature.getSignatureValue().validate(valContext);
     System.out.println("signature validation status: " + sv);
     // check the validation status of each Reference
     Iterator i = signature.getSignedInfo().getReferences().iterator();
     for (int j=0; i.hasNext(); j++) {
          boolean refValid =
          ((Reference) i.next()).validate(valContext);
          System.out.println("ref["+j+"] validity status: " + refValid);
     } else {
     System.out.println("Signature passed core validation");
catch (Exception e)
     e.printStackTrace();
* KeySelector which retrieves the public key out of the
* KeyValue element and returns it.
* NOTE: If the key algorithm doesn't match signature algorithm,
* then the public key will be ignored.
private static class KeyValueKeySelector extends KeySelector {
     public KeySelectorResult select(KeyInfo keyInfo,
KeySelector.Purpose purpose,
AlgorithmMethod method,
XMLCryptoContext context)
throws KeySelectorException {
if (keyInfo == null) {
          throw new KeySelectorException("Null KeyInfo object!");
SignatureMethod sm = (SignatureMethod) method;
List list = keyInfo.getContent();
for (int i = 0; i < list.size(); i++) {
          XMLStructure xmlStructure = (XMLStructure) list.get(i);
     if (xmlStructure instanceof KeyValue) {
PublicKey pk = null;
try {
pk = ((KeyValue)xmlStructure).getPublicKey();
} catch (KeyException ke) {
throw new KeySelectorException(ke);
// make sure algorithm is compatible with method
if (algEquals(sm.getAlgorithm(), pk.getAlgorithm())) {
return new SimpleKeySelectorResult(pk);
throw new KeySelectorException("No KeyValue element found!");
//@@@FIXME: this should also work for key types other than DSA/RSA
     static boolean algEquals(String algURI, String algName) {
if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("DSA") &&
          algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.DSA_SHA1)) {
          return true;
} else if (algName.equalsIgnoreCase("RSA") &&
algURI.equalsIgnoreCase(SignatureMethod.RSA_SHA1)) {
          return true;
} else {
          return false;
private static class SimpleKeySelectorResult implements KeySelectorResult {
     private PublicKey pk;
     SimpleKeySelectorResult(PublicKey pk) {
     this.pk = pk;
     public Key getKey() { return pk; }
test.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><Signature XMLNS="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#"><SignedInfo><CanonicalizationMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/10/xml-exc-c14n#"/><SignatureMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#rsa-sha1"/><Reference URI="#CWRT"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>VWmTb6knCBXhNjDLp6w5aX79AW4=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="js/weatherData.js"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>aRyqMcnVA7UsxHaq3VPjIzKnR30=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="js/accuweather.js"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>NKBau43TGuOTSwOiFLtC7xgeUxk=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="js/location.js"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>SNowBnKItayjP8hVg2a+qlrNnl4=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="index.html"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>ImhqtDT/KgYLUMwhzBjxo7kX16c=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/bg_fade_current.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>6YBFwLJdH7wLSLwgheOzTgLxe0g=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/setdefault.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>VD9Ay9DjNvHoCt4QpWI6H5gHo84=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/bg_portrait.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>eMNhpeowX/LaxFhZ0choyWoGdnU=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/form_bg.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>xRsfhpWI8R21vXcPd73EJ0SPg4c=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/nav_hourly_off.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>7tBjRZQ6PC5uVRg8J5bAFTmBS4s=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/bg_landscape.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>nTZ9DoZPW1UgjEvE3WfSBt3DdYA=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/nav_maps_off.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>ywLUlQ+DCMuybGr2YLYDQx85jJw=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/nav_graph_off.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>853j9KcFEpuI5c8e5+0TEpmU33U=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/label_forecast.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>2feKnZklWElbyqItqq5Q1bZRtn4=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/bg_fade_content_wide.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>GDFP4Tcu96NBOCo9qRw7K25l8as=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/btn_getlocation.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>sJajd6TTV4VyB2ibMRl8hM4cV+8=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/bg_fade_home.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>joxnBor/RV5uvqc+SiNU613+W6U=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/label_hourly.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>uinbV5pKm/XFwNsBjI21m0tYkhs=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/33.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>X8HvsFhHLUr3624myAcox9QyagQ=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/37.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>ldJztK5xrBf3UOyRkSN9zFAootc=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/13.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>bAah/tMqPUVrXis2iiOZLYo4jRw=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/16.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>UZ2CKfWZN/FCLnILVz8bIXWlRAA=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/19.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>jRL/Ea5Dcj7DpvKOHnqGvUmpw4Q=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/18.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>76si6qIfm8bAPKBRIQCQScg0Mow=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/44.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>HkCAXti0I181Pjqkw2QNTjXN6/8=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/08.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>OAvQ6xMeMXCFznUUMZyL1frgJQk=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/20.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>BavTiifJ1XKhQx/AO4Y2PywHi+w=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/12.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>NNVCA+3eTGXWUXGjO1G4qoPPDaU=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/36.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>5Wy7pMJKjwc+fdL0+ez3OrhZ/WY=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/32.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>GrhBWg3ODd19NHkdaEyuzUDYGaQ=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/25.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>kVSt7ZBsrGBlnRp2mnNd4jzbjdc=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/29.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>CHkrsHgL9qFAKCgxQfGOaBgCg+A=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/17.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>SxQBu2aYDFDTD1N6XXcL/Z9r2G0=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/05.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>UR0ntm9xdDzhcq9m+EqdcDRhk5I=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/06.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>XUKHRCVRhhgG7M44QlhzFKulVf0=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/40.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>0vBrc/yiUz4pE8epTER19nblmCA=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/41.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>y5a8jOOsS/qPhcEMQV3Aufb/aNE=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/Thumbs.db"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>pch5wjLWZAPSgNO09d1x7SMayY=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/14.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>QoLGKWD8MVS0XxCvkvweDmYg1U=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/42.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>D9K0JzNNrtpryfckrNQNS87y1BQ=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/43.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>qlRMGFaqLYTej/k3k1wAGL+GWxM=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/04.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>a2ftn992/Hl3y1wp9IzsLSSqDdk=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference URI="images/wxicons/30.png"><DigestMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#sha1"/><DigestValue>6Ad7HYjHxySf33JzQdS/oDTgcno=</DigestValue></Reference><Reference 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>
// Instantiate the document to be validated
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
Document doc = db.parse(file);Your problem is that you've instantiated the DocumentBuilder before you've made the factory namespace aware. As a result, does not know against which namespace it is parsing the XML file.
Change the lines of code to have the factory be namespace-aware before you instantiate the DocumentBuilder and then parse the class. You'll get past your "node not found" error to receive a number of other errors which you need to correct.
DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();
dbf.setNamespaceAware(true);
Document doc = dbf.newDocumentBuilder().parse(file);As a practice when generating an XML document, you should try to validate it inside an IDE like Netbeans/Eclipse before trying to do anything with the document to ensure you've not only got a well-formed XML document, but also one that is "schema-conformant. Your XML signature is not (the Object element cannot come before the KeyInfo element, and the SignatureProperty element is missing the required Target attribute); as a result your Signature element will fail to pass validation even if your code is correct. A cursory review of the XML Signature specs and its XSD is always helpful: [http://www.w3.org/TR/xmldsig-core/].
Finally, please use the {code} tag for source-code to make it readable. Thanks.
Arshad Noor
StrongAuth, Inc.

I am a NRI who is staying in UAE. My Apple ID is configured with Indian store. I don't have a credit card in India but having it in UAE. Apple store is not accepting my Debit card from India. What is the legal way to purchase or add credits with itunes?

I am a NRI who is staying in UAE. My Apple ID is configured with Indian store. I don't have a credit card in India but having it in UAE. Apple store is not accepting my Debit card from India. What is the legal way to purchase or add credits with itunes?

It won't matter. You are not allowed to use the Indian iTunes Store from the UAE or anywhere else outside of India.
The Service is available to you only in India. You agree not to use or attempt to use the Service from outside this location. iTunes may use technologies to verify your compliance.
Since you are in the UAE, you can only use the UAE iTunes Store. You will need either to open up a new account in the UAE iTunes Store, or change the country of your existing account to the UAE.
Regards.

Can't change the font to my digital signature, which I never wanted to change in the first place.

How do I change the font to my digital signature? Why did Adobe force me to change it in the first place?

The only way to resolve this then is to ask iTunes Support for help. Only they can deal with the issue now.
http://www.apple.com/emea/support/itunes/contact.html

What are the legal issues to create website

Could I use Cirrus to create my own video chat website? What are the legal issues?

Hmm...
"The delivery-on-demand client is programmed to place HTTP GET requests with content capturing component. Content capturing component is programmed to render and process HTTP GET requests coming from delivery-ondemand client."
Adobe doesn't use GET/POST in RTMFP. It's a streaming protocol.
"Another aspect of the present invention is that, once cited a specific video channel number, the resource locator server connects web browsing applications directly to delivery-ondemand client in peer-to-peer fashion"
Adobe doesn't use "Video Channel Number", more over the authors need to clarify how "resource locator server" in their "invention" "connects" web browsing application "directly" to the "delivery-ondemand client". In Stratus peers have ability to discover themselves automatically in some situations.
"The content capturing component is programmed to determine the most efficient rate of packet transmission for each connected delivery-on-demand client."
- Wow, invention indeed! I think Adobe should ask clamants to present the code snippet for this "most efficient" transmission.
I'm sure Adobe lawyers will find many other holes in the this so called "patent". Let's wish the authors of this "invention" to finish the work and implement and grow it to something more serious then just few generic claims.

What is the legal validity of digital signature in adobe reader?

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