What is the main purpose of aggregates

hi friends,
I need clarification on Aggregates.
=> why we create aggregates
=> What will happend in background after creation of aggregate and the need of switch on/off option..
cheers
mohhan

Aggregrates:
An aggregate is a rollup of fact data where a total value is sufficient and no detailed information is
needed.
So aggregates are like InfoCubes except that they summarize or aggregate data from an InfoCube.
When you use an aggregate, the summarization it represents does not need to be done during
runtime.
Aggregate functions happen in the background. They are not visible to the end-user.
Aggregates can be created: are not possible for:
For BasicCubes
On dimension characteristics
On navigational attributes
On hierarchy levels
Aggregates Cannot be created on
Multiprovider
RemoteCube
Ods Object
Infoset
When we need to use aggregates:
As a rule of thumb, an aggregate is reasonable and may be created if,
Aggregation ratio >10 i.e, 10 times more records are read than are displayed ( Aggregation ratio = Number of records read from DB / Number of records transferred)
AND
Percentage of DB Time > 30% ie; the time spent on database is a substantial part of the whole query runtime
I hope for creating aggregates i think the thumrule should be successful... But where can we check that Aggregation ratio > 10% and Percentage DB time > 30%.
AGGREGATES
There are three methods for viewing this data.
1. You can see in table RSDDSTAT.
2. By using t-code ST03
( Expert mode -> BW system load -> last minute's load)
3. By implementing BW Statistics.
(AWB -> Tools -> BW statistics for info cubes
o: OLAP (front end)
w: Warehouse (loading)
-> Delete specify from date, to date
-> select cube
-> execute )
You will have the following fields
QDBSL - No. of records selected
QDBTRANS - No. of records transferred.
QTIMEOLAP - OLAP time
QTIMEDB - DB time
QTIMECLIENT - Front end time
if QDBSL/QDBTRANS RATIO > 10 AND DBTIME >30 we will use aggregates.

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Cheers,
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Message was edited by:
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        kumarR

What is the main purpose of ichat server what is it good for?

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If you want synchronous displays, you can turn the synchronous display on.
Note: Turn on synchronous display only when it is necessary to display every data value. Using synchronous display results in a large performance penalt
y on multithreaded systems."
MTO

The main purpose of table T778T - Infotypes per object type

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Points will be awarded.
Thanks
Olekan Babatonde

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You can assign infotypes to standard object types or to customer- specific object types.
You can define another time constraint for an infotype.
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What are the main differences between Signal Express and Labview?

National Instruments provides a matrix so one can quickly compare the
various versions of Labview but no comparison of Signal Express with
Labview. Hence how does Signal Express compare with Labview? What
are some of the things one can do with Labview one can't do with
Signal Express?
Howard

hrh1818 wrote: Which version of Labview are you referring to? I don't consider the graphical version of Labview to be a full featured programming language. LabWindows/CVI is by a long shot a lot closer to being a full featured programming language than the graphical version of Labview.
Howard,
You clearly don't know what you are talking about. There is no "graphical version" of LabVIEW, there is just LabVIEW. Click on the article "Is LabVIEW a general purpose programming language?" written by the Jeff K. for some easy reading from a few years ago. It is all still true (except that object oriented features and recursion have been added in recent versions).
One of the main points at this years NI-week was the discussion of how processor development is switching more and more to multicore designs to improve performance because a simple boost in clock frequency is becoming more difficult. Linear, text based code is not well suited to take advantage of multticore design, while the dataflow based LabVIEW programming language automatically scales well to multiple processor cores, without any need to rewrite older code. I would say that only LabVIEW is futureproof in this respect. LabVIEW programmers are not wimps that are simply too stupid to write text based code. LabVIEW is not a toy language for people that don't want to learn a "real" programming language.
LabVIEW is arguably the best programming language in terms of getting things done! I've never felt limited with LabVIEW and my programs often don't even have anything to do with data acquisition or instrument control. The difference between text based code vs. LabVIEW is like "DOS vs. Windows", "Radio vs. HD television". "Trilobyte vs. Homo sapiens" (sorry Putnam ). Text based code is monochrome, archaic and outdated and its linearity imposes unecessary constraints on the programmer that can only be (partially) overcome by wasting even more time throwing even more code at it.
Sure, a seasoned text based programmer will initially have problems adapting to LabVIEW, just because you would need to adapt to and embrace the power of dataflow and not try to make a literal translation of the text code to LabVIEW, retaining old habits. If you get stuck, come back and ask here in the forum.
You were looking for object oriented features and failed. All you need to do is a quick site search. All the information is out there. Just because you cannot find it in the first five sentences of the glossy brochure does not mean it does not exist. Maybe you want to read one of the application notes such as:
LabVIEW Object-Oriented Programming: The Decisions Behind the Design
In general, you should avoid judgement until you have all information. Your opinions seem quite biased and superficial and not really based on hard facts.
Initially you asked about the difference between signal express and LabVIEW.
hrh1818 wrote:
> What kind of measurments do you want to do and what kind of requirements do you have?
> You can also see for yourself and download evaluation version of both.
No thanks, there has to be a better way to get an answer to my
question than get involved in a two month study project.
If you would answer the first question quoted above, we could certainly help you with the decision. Isn't that the main purpose of this thread?
You can also contact your local LabVIEW Field Engineer to go over your requirements and help you make a decision. They usually know their stuff!
Message Edited by altenbach on 09-02-2007 11:51 PM
LabVIEW Champion . Do more with less code and in less time .

What r the main preformence tunning things to fallow in programming..?

What r the main preformence tunning things to fallow in programming..?

HI
Ways of Performance Tuning
1.     Selection Criteria
2.     Select Statements
     Select Queries
     SQL Interface
     Aggregate Functions
     For all Entries
Select Over more than one internal table
Selection Criteria
1.     Restrict the data to the selection criteria itself, rather than filtering it out using the ABAP code using CHECK statement.
2.     Select with selection list.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA.
CHECK: SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
         SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below which avoids CHECK, selects with selection list
SELECT CARRID CONNID FLDATE BOOKID FROM SBOOK INTO TABLE T_SBOOK
WHERE SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
              SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
Select Statements   Select Queries
1.     Avoid nested selects
SELECT * FROM EKKO INTO EKKO_WA.
SELECT * FROM EKAN INTO EKAN_WA
      WHERE EBELN = EKKO_WA-EBELN.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below.
SELECT PF1 PF2 FF3 FF4 INTO TABLE ITAB
    FROM EKKO AS P INNER JOIN EKAN AS F
      ON PEBELN = FEBELN.
Note: A simple SELECT loop is a single database access whose result is passed to the ABAP program line by line. Nested SELECT loops mean that the number of accesses in the inner loop is multiplied by the number of accesses in the outer loop. One should therefore use nested SELECT loops only if the selection in the outer loop contains very few lines or the outer loop is a SELECT SINGLE statement.
2.     Select all the records in a single shot using into table clause of select statement rather than to use Append statements.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA.
CHECK: SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
         SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below which avoids CHECK, selects with selection list and puts the data in one shot using into table
SELECT CARRID CONNID FLDATE BOOKID FROM SBOOK INTO TABLE T_SBOOK
WHERE SBOOK_WA-CARRID = 'LH' AND
              SBOOK_WA-CONNID = '0400'.
3.     When a base table has multiple indices, the where clause should be in the order of the index, either a primary or a secondary index.
To choose an index, the optimizer checks the field names specified in the where clause and then uses an index that has the same order of the fields. In certain scenarios, it is advisable to check whether a new index can speed up the performance of a program. This will come handy in programs that access data from the finance tables.
4.     For testing existence, use Select.. Up to 1 rows statement instead of a Select-Endselect-loop with an Exit.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA
UP TO 1 ROWS
WHERE CARRID = 'LH'.
ENDSELECT.
The above code is more optimized as compared to the code mentioned below for testing existence of a record.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK INTO SBOOK_WA
    WHERE CARRID = 'LH'.
EXIT.
ENDSELECT.
5.     Use Select Single if all primary key fields are supplied in the Where condition .
If all primary key fields are supplied in the Where conditions you can even use Select Single.
Select Single requires one communication with the database system, whereas Select-Endselect needs two.
Select Statements SQL Interface
1.     Use column updates instead of single-row updates
to update your database tables.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT INTO SFLIGHT_WA.
SFLIGHT_WA-SEATSOCC =
    SFLIGHT_WA-SEATSOCC - 1.
UPDATE SFLIGHT FROM SFLIGHT_WA.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
UPDATE SFLIGHT
       SET SEATSOCC = SEATSOCC - 1.
2.     For all frequently used Select statements, try to use an index.
SELECT * FROM SBOOK CLIENT SPECIFIED INTO SBOOK_WA
WHERE CARRID = 'LH'
    AND CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
SELECT * FROM SBOOK CLIENT SPECIFIED INTO SBOOK_WA
WHERE MANDT IN ( SELECT MANDT FROM T000 )
    AND CARRID = 'LH'
    AND CONNID = '0400'.
ENDSELECT.
3.     Using buffered tables improves the performance considerably.
Bypassing the buffer increases the network considerably
SELECT SINGLE * FROM T100 INTO T100_WA
BYPASSING BUFFER
WHERE     SPRSL = 'D'
        AND ARBGB = '00'
        AND MSGNR = '999'.
The above mentioned code can be more optimized by using the following code
SELECT SINGLE * FROM T100 INTO T100_WA
WHERE     SPRSL = 'D'
        AND ARBGB = '00'
        AND MSGNR = '999'.
Select Statements Aggregate Functions
     If you want to find the maximum, minimum, sum and average value or the count of a database column, use a select list with aggregate functions instead of computing the aggregates yourself.
Some of the Aggregate functions allowed in SAP are MAX, MIN, AVG, SUM, COUNT, COUNT( * )
Consider the following extract.
            Maxno = 0.
            Select * from zflight where airln = LF and cntry = IN.
             Check zflight-fligh > maxno.
             Maxno = zflight-fligh.
            Endselect.
The above mentioned code can be much more optimized by using the following code.
Select max( fligh ) from zflight into maxno where airln = LF and cntry = IN.
Select Statements For All Entries
     The for all entries creates a where clause, where all the entries in the driver table are combined with OR. If the number of entries in the driver table is larger than rsdb/max_blocking_factor, several similar SQL statements are executed to limit the length of the WHERE clause.
     The plus
     Large amount of data
     Mixing processing and reading of data
     Fast internal reprocessing of data
     Fast
     The Minus
     Difficult to program/understand
     Memory could be critical (use FREE or PACKAGE size)
Points to be must considered FOR ALL ENTRIES
     Check that data is present in the driver table
     Sorting the driver table
     Removing duplicates from the driver table
Consider the following piece of extract
          Loop at int_cntry.
Select single * from zfligh into int_fligh
where cntry = int_cntry-cntry.
Append int_fligh.
                      Endloop.
The above mentioned can be more optimized by using the following code.
Sort int_cntry by cntry.
Delete adjacent duplicates from int_cntry.
If NOT int_cntry[] is INITIAL.
            Select * from zfligh appending table int_fligh
            For all entries in int_cntry
            Where cntry = int_cntry-cntry.
Endif.
Select Statements Select Over more than one Internal table
1.     Its better to use a views instead of nested Select statements.
SELECT * FROM DD01L INTO DD01L_WA
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
        AND AS4LOCAL = 'A'.
SELECT SINGLE * FROM DD01T INTO DD01T_WA
    WHERE   DOMNAME    = DD01L_WA-DOMNAME
        AND AS4LOCAL   = 'A'
        AND AS4VERS    = DD01L_WA-AS4VERS
        AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be more optimized by extracting all the data from view DD01V_WA
SELECT * FROM DD01V INTO DD01V_WA
WHERE DOMNAME LIKE 'CHAR%'
        AND DDLANGUAGE = SY-LANGU.
ENDSELECT
2.     To read data from several logically connected tables use a join instead of nested Select statements. Joins are preferred only if all the primary key are available in WHERE clause for the tables that are joined. If the primary keys are not provided in join the Joining of tables itself takes time.
SELECT * FROM EKKO INTO EKKO_WA.
SELECT * FROM EKAN INTO EKAN_WA
      WHERE EBELN = EKKO_WA-EBELN.
ENDSELECT.
ENDSELECT.
The above code can be much more optimized by the code written below.
SELECT PF1 PF2 FF3 FF4 INTO TABLE ITAB
    FROM EKKO AS P INNER JOIN EKAN AS F
      ON PEBELN = FEBELN.
3.     Instead of using nested Select loops it is often better to use subqueries.
SELECT * FROM SPFLI
INTO TABLE T_SPFLI
WHERE CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
    AND CITYTO = 'NEW YORK'.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT AS F
    INTO SFLIGHT_WA
    FOR ALL ENTRIES IN T_SPFLI
    WHERE SEATSOCC < F~SEATSMAX
      AND CARRID = T_SPFLI-CARRID
      AND CONNID = T_SPFLI-CONNID
      AND FLDATE BETWEEN '19990101' AND '19990331'.
ENDSELECT.
The above mentioned code can be even more optimized by using subqueries instead of for all entries.
SELECT * FROM SFLIGHT AS F INTO SFLIGHT_WA
    WHERE SEATSOCC < F~SEATSMAX
      AND EXISTS ( SELECT * FROM SPFLI
                     WHERE CARRID = F~CARRID
                       AND CONNID = F~CONNID
                       AND CITYFROM = 'FRANKFURT'
                       AND CITYTO = 'NEW YORK' )
      AND FLDATE BETWEEN '19990101' AND '19990331'.
ENDSELECT.
1.     Table operations should be done using explicit work areas rather than via header lines.
2.     Always try to use binary search instead of linear search. But dont forget to sort your internal table before that.
3.     A dynamic key access is slower than a static one, since the key specification must be evaluated at runtime.
4.     A binary search using secondary index takes considerably less time.
5.     LOOP ... WHERE is faster than LOOP/CHECK because LOOP ... WHERE evaluates the specified condition internally.
6.     Modifying selected components using MODIFY itab TRANSPORTING f1 f2.. accelerates the task of updating a line of an internal table.
Point # 2
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X BINARY SEARCH.
IS MUCH FASTER THAN USING
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X'.
If TAB has n entries, linear search runs in O( n ) time, whereas binary search takes only O( log2( n ) ).
Point # 3
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY K = 'X'. IS FASTER THAN USING
READ TABLE ITAB INTO WA WITH KEY (NAME) = 'X'.
Point # 5
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA WHERE K = 'X'.
ENDLOOP.
The above code is much faster than using
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
CHECK WA-K = 'X'.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 6
WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA INDEX 1 TRANSPORTING DATE.
The above code is more optimized as compared to
WA-DATE = SY-DATUM.
MODIFY ITAB FROM WA INDEX 1.
7.     Accessing the table entries directly in a "LOOP ... ASSIGNING ..." accelerates the task of updating a set of lines of an internal table considerably
8.    If collect semantics is required, it is always better to use to COLLECT rather than READ BINARY and then ADD.
9.    "APPEND LINES OF itab1 TO itab2" accelerates the task of appending a table to another table considerably as compared to LOOP-APPEND-ENDLOOP.
10.   DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES accelerates the task of deleting duplicate entries considerably as compared to READ-LOOP-DELETE-ENDLOOP.
11.   "DELETE itab FROM ... TO ..." accelerates the task of deleting a sequence of lines considerably as compared to DO -DELETE-ENDDO.
Point # 7
Modifying selected components only makes the program faster as compared to Modifying all lines completely.
e.g,
LOOP AT ITAB ASSIGNING <WA>.
I = SY-TABIX MOD 2.
IF I = 0.
    <WA>-FLAG = 'X'.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
The above code works faster as compared to
LOOP AT ITAB INTO WA.
I = SY-TABIX MOD 2.
IF I = 0.
    WA-FLAG = 'X'.
    MODIFY ITAB FROM WA.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 8
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA1.
READ TABLE ITAB2 INTO WA2 WITH KEY K = WA1-K BINARY SEARCH.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
    ADD: WA1-VAL1 TO WA2-VAL1,
         WA1-VAL2 TO WA2-VAL2.
    MODIFY ITAB2 FROM WA2 INDEX SY-TABIX TRANSPORTING VAL1 VAL2.
ELSE.
    INSERT WA1 INTO ITAB2 INDEX SY-TABIX.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
The above code uses BINARY SEARCH for collect semantics. READ BINARY runs in O( log2(n) ) time. The above piece of code can be more optimized by
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
COLLECT WA INTO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
SORT ITAB2 BY K.
COLLECT, however, uses a hash algorithm and is therefore independent
of the number of entries (i.e. O(1)) .
Point # 9
APPEND LINES OF ITAB1 TO ITAB2.
This is more optimized as compared to
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
APPEND WA TO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 10
DELETE ADJACENT DUPLICATES FROM ITAB COMPARING K.
This is much more optimized as compared to
READ TABLE ITAB INDEX 1 INTO PREV_LINE.
LOOP AT ITAB FROM 2 INTO WA.
IF WA = PREV_LINE.
    DELETE ITAB.
ELSE.
    PREV_LINE = WA.
ENDIF.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 11
DELETE ITAB FROM 450 TO 550.
This is much more optimized as compared to
DO 101 TIMES.
DELETE ITAB INDEX 450.
ENDDO.
12.   Copying internal tables by using ITAB2[ ] = ITAB1[ ] as compared to LOOP-APPEND-ENDLOOP.
13.   Specify the sort key as restrictively as possible to run the program faster.
Point # 12
ITAB2[] = ITAB1[].
This is much more optimized as compared to
REFRESH ITAB2.
LOOP AT ITAB1 INTO WA.
APPEND WA TO ITAB2.
ENDLOOP.
Point # 13
SORT ITAB BY K. makes the program runs faster as compared to SORT ITAB.
Internal Tables         contd
Hashed and Sorted tables
1.     For single read access hashed tables are more optimized as compared to sorted tables.
2.      For partial sequential access sorted tables are more optimized as compared to hashed tables
Hashed And Sorted Tables
Point # 1
Consider the following example where HTAB is a hashed table and STAB is a sorted table
DO 250 TIMES.
N = 4 * SY-INDEX.
READ TABLE HTAB INTO WA WITH TABLE KEY K = N.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
This runs faster for single read access as compared to the following same code for sorted table
DO 250 TIMES.
N = 4 * SY-INDEX.
READ TABLE STAB INTO WA WITH TABLE KEY K = N.
IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
Point # 2
Similarly for Partial Sequential access the STAB runs faster as compared to HTAB
LOOP AT STAB INTO WA WHERE K = SUBKEY.
ENDLOOP.
This runs faster as compared to
LOOP AT HTAB INTO WA WHERE K = SUBKEY.
ENDLOOP.
<b>Reward if usefull</b>

What are the main tables using in vendor performance report.

what are the main tables using in vendor performance report.
how many select statements are in ABAP reports.

Refer the links -
vendor performance report !!!
vendor performance report
vendor performance report
I need standard vendor performance report
Regards,
Amit
Reward all helpful replies.

What are the main transaction codes in XI?

What are the main transaction codes in XI?

SAP XI TRANSACTION CODES
ALRTCATDEF- Alerts Configuration.
ALRTDISP - Display of Alerts Created
SXMB_IFR -> Start Integration Builder
SXMB_MONI -> Integration Engine - Monitoring
SXI_MONITOR -> XI: Message Monitoring
SXI_CACHE -> To Access IS runtime cache
SXI_SUPPORT -> Test all the Repository and Directory Objects
SXI_CACHE -> XI data directory cacheidx1 -> idoc adapter
IDX2 -> idoc metadata
IDX5 -> monitor idoc adapter
SM21 -> log di sistema
ST22 -> dump abap (analisi di eccezioni)
SMQ1 -> messages inbound e outbound queue
SMQ2 -> messages inbound e outbound queue
SMICM -> J2EE administration
ST06 -> stato della macchina cpu memory filesystem machine status - cpu, memory and file system.
ST03 -> workload.
SCC4 -> visualizza mandanti del sistema
WE20 -> partner profiles
sale - ale settings
RZ10 - edit system profile
SM59 ->mantain rfc destinations
BD64 -> mantain distribution model (trasformazioni)
SU01 -> users
AL08 -> list all logged users(user login logon)
SE10 -> Change Request
SE09 -> Change Request
WE05 -> All idocs
WE19 -> IDoc Test Tool
WE21 -> port definition
SE11 -> Data dictionary
SM21 -> log sistema xi
se37 -> mantain funcion modules
SICF -> http server configuration
SMGW -> trace, alzare livello di trace.
BD13 ->
BD64 -> modelli di distribuzione
PFCG -> Roles
tabella TSTC -> sap transactions codes
tabella TSTCT -> transaction descriptions
STMS -> transports management
SPAM -> apply ABAP support packages
SPAU -> manage objects after apply support packages
SE01 -> manage change requests
SLDCHECK -> Test SLD Connection
SLDAPICUST-> SLD API Customizing
SXMB_ADM -> Integration Engine - Administration
SXMB_MONI_BPE -> Process Engine - Monitoring
SE38 -> ABAP Editor
SE11 -> ABAP Dictionary
ST22 -> ABAP dump analysis
SPROXY-> ABAP Proxy Generation
SE80 -> Object Navigator
ABAPDOCU -> ABAP Documentation and Examples
SE24-> Class Builder
SM21-> Online System Log Analysis
SMQ1-> qRFC Monitor (Outbound Queue)
SMQ2-> qRFC Monitor (Inbound Queue)
RZ70-> SLD Administration
SM58-> Asynchronous RFC Error Log
SM59-> RFC Destinations (Display/Maintain)
SMICM-> ICM Monitor
WE60-> Documentation for IDoc types
BD87-> Status Monitor for ALE Messages
IDX1-> Port Maintenance in IDoc Adapter
IDX2-> Meta Data Overview in IDoc Adapter
WE05-> IDoc Lists
WE02-> Display IDoc
WE19-> Test tool
WE09-> Search for IDocs by Content
WE20-> Partner Profiles
WE21-> Port definition in XI
SE16-> Data Browser
SE93-> Maintain Transaction Codes
SM30-> Call View Maintenance
SU01-> User Maintenance
SM02-> System Messages
BD54 -Logical System Creation.
SWXF_PBUILDER -> for Detail BPM Process
SMQS - > to register the destination in QOUT scheduler
WEOUTQUEUE - > to start the queue processing
SMQR - > to register the queue
IDXPW - > to activate the IDOC message package
IDXP - > to monitor the message packages.
SWF_XI_CUSTOMIZING -> transaction to check prerequisites for integration processes.
http://www.erpgenie.com/abaptips/content/view/452/62/

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http://service.sap.com/lsmw.
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