What is the use of Blocks in workflows

Hi,
Can anyone give me an idea that why do we use Blocks in workflows and what can be the scenario where it is used...
Or
can you tell me the scenarios where it can be applied...
kindly share some knowledge....abt this..
Thanks,
Shanky

Hi
How can we do exception handling in blocks
What are the three types of Blicks
can you please tell me which one can be used for what purpose....
1) Standard
2) Par For Each
3) For Each..
And i have one more question if i need to handle a series of condition in the block along with send mail then can i use the blocks...
Please suggest the difference between the three types of blocks and its difference ....
How is exception handling done in blocks...and how do we pass values to the local container from the workflow container...
Thanks,
Shanky

Similar Messages

What is the use of block step in BPM? Please help!

Hi Experts,
I would like to know what is the use of block step in BPM? In what cases we can use it?
Can somebody explain BLOCK by relating to any programming language ( java) control step?
Please help!
Thanks
Gopal

Hi,
Block step is similar to what we use curly braces in most of the languages which defines the scope. For example if we are using loop step in bpm to loop through some variable then we can use block step to restrict the scope of loop step up to some point.
Thanks and Regards,
Sudheer.

What is the use of version in workflow

what is the use of versioning in workflow. how can i use it in real time senarios.

Hi,
Its the same way as in reports and other areas. You can generate a current version and keep making changes to the latest version so that you can always revert back to the older one in case of problems.
It is also used when you transport the workflow from one system to other. Assume you have already transported a workflow definition to the production system. Now this workflow also has been instantiated and some instances are running in production. Now if you make some modifications in this workflow and transport (even with the same version number) it will get transported to the production under a new available version number. The previous instances of the workflow (in production) will continue to run referring to the older version available and any new instances will continue with the latest transported workflow definition.
Thanks,
Prasath N

What is the use implemention of work flow

Hi guis,
can u plz tell me what is the uses, u implement a workflow, and also please give the one scenrio on purchase order or invoice or anything, one scenrio explain me.

Workflow is a tool for automating the business process so that the process itself flows smoothly, without bottlenecks and without dead ends. Critical parts of the process can be streamlined with deadline monitoring and contingency options. Participants are informed of milestones in the process. The process definition itself is powerful enough to allow business re-engineering with re-training and to eliminate the impact of workforce changes on the basic business process.
SAP Business Workflow is the R/3 tool for handling the process automation within R/3 or between R/3 systems and other systems involved in the business process. It is flexible enough to handle ad hoc processes such as the circulation of an electronic document. It is robust enough to handle mission critical process in the production system such as the creation of a material master.
The different R/3 applications supply standard workflows for the commonly occurring processes. Once these workflow templates are activated, they are ready for immediate use. A complete set of workflow tools, including the workflow editor and workflow generation wizard, are provided to enhance these standard workflows or create new workflows. These tools are complemented with transactions for monitoring, tracking and the statistical analysis of the processes.
Because the business process often does not step at the R/3 boundary, various interfaces and third party tools are available for extending the process across systems.
Workflow is the technique for automating business processes. It is particularly beneficial
u2022 when different people are involved in different parts of the process
u2022 when a process only occurs sporadically and the users need to be reminded of what they need to do
u2022 when the duration of the process is critical and deadlines have to be met
u2022 when the process definition is likely to change on the fly and retraining users is not possible.
By automating the process, you free the users from having to know what to do when. Work items are sent to the participants notifying them of what they have to do, and a single click on the notification calls the correct transaction and navigates to the relevant screen.
When the workflow runs it creates work items which are like e-mails, but
u2022 they have the advantage that they contain the intelligence needed to execute the relevant task with the correct data when the operational user executes them,
u2022 they provide their own functionality so that the operational user has access to everything that is useful to improve the flow of the process,
u2022 they disappear on their own when they have been executed by someone else or made obsolete.
These work items can be received in the R/3 business workplace, MS Outlook (or any other MAPI compatible client), Lotus Notes, or work item notifications can be distributed by e-mail.
SAP Business Workflow:
u2022 accelerates the workflow across applications, functional areas, organizational units, and time periods,
u2022 supplements the integrated management of processes in the SAP System with individually tailored options for automating and actively controlling business and communication processes,
u2022 combines integrated organizational management with flexible assignment of tasks and responsibilities to locations, positions, jobs, groups, or individuals,
u2022 actively supports a quick implementation of workflow technologies through predefined workflow templates, Workflow Wizards and flexible adjustment options,
u2022 integrates every employee in the value chain by providing a versatile integrated inbox ("universal inbox") at their work centers that can be configured individually,
u2022 provides a Workflow Information System that is the foundation for process change management and continuous business engineering,
u2022 was designed to be a change-management tool,
u2022 simplifies continuous business engineering and process change management with user-friendly tools for defining and dynamically changing workflow tasks
u2022 conforms to the workflow standards of the Workflow Management Coalition (WfMC)
u2022 interfaces to other mail clients such as Lotus Notes and MS Outlook
Check these links.
http://www.sapgenie.com/workflow/index.htm
Link workflow business objects to your collaboration tasks!!
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/92/bc26a6ec2b11d2b4b5006094b9ea0d/content.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw33/helpdata/en/92/bc26a6ec2b11d2b4b5006094b9ea0d/content.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_bw31/helpdata/en/8d/25f94b454311d189430000e829fbbd/content.htm
http://www.sap-press.com/product.cfm?account=&product=H950
http://help.sap.com/printdocu/core/Print46c/en/data/pdf/PSWFL/PSWFL.pdf
http://www.workflowing.com/id18.htm
http://www.e-workflow.org/
http://www.sap-img.com/workflow/sap-workflow.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/a5/172437130e0d09e10000009b38f839/frameset.htm
http://www.sap-img.com/workflow/sap-workflow.htm
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_47x200/helpdata/en/a5/172437130e0d09e10000009b38f839/frameset.htm
Hope this resolves your query.
raj

What is the use of step type Block in ecc.6

what is the use of step type Block in ecc.6. What ca i do with that.

You can group together steps in a Workflow in a block. You have the following options for a block and the steps it contains:
·        Define local data (local container)
·        Define deadline
·        Define exceptions and exception handlers
·        Define dynamic processing (parallel or sequential)
In the Workflow definition, a block is represented by the following symbols: Block Start and Block End .
give points to valuable answers

What is the use of Generic class in java

hi everyone,
i want to know that
what is the use of Generic class in java ?
regards,
dhruvang

Simplistically...
A method is a block of code that makes some Objects in the block of code abstract (those abstract Objects are the parameters of the method). This allows us to reuse the method passing in different Objects (arguments) each time.
In a similar way, Generics allows us to take a Class and make some of the types in the class abstract. (These types are the type parameters of the class). This allows us to reuse the class, passing in different types each time we use it.
We write type parameters (when we declare) and type arguments (when we use) inside < >.
For example the List class has a Type Parameter which makes the type of the things in the list become abstract.
A List<String> is a list of Strings, it has a method "void add(String)" and a method "String get(int)".
A List<File> is a list of Files, it has a method "void add(File)" and a method "File get(int)".
List is just one class (interface actually but don't worry about that), but we can specify different type arguments which means the methods use this abstract type rather than a fixed concrete type in their declarations.
Why?
You spend a little more effort describing your types (List<String> instead of just List), and as a benefit, you, and anyone else who reads your code, and the compiler (which also reads your code) know more accurately the types of things. Because more detail is known, the compiler is able to tell you when you screw up (as opposed to finding out at runtime). And people understand your code better.
Once you get used to them, its a bit like the difference between black and white TV, and colour TV. When you see code that doesn't specify the type parameters, you just get the feeling that you are missing out on something. When I see an API with List as a return type or argument type, I think "List of what?". When I see List<String>, I know much more about that parameter or return type.
Bruce

What is the use of keyword SCAN ABAP-SOURCE

Hello experts,
what is the use of scan abap-source. please explain. what is tokens, statements, levels in that.

Hi
SCAN
This statement is for internal use only.
It cannot be used in application programs.
SCAN ABAP-SOURCE itab1 ...TOKENS INTO itab2
 ...STATEMENTS INTO itab3.
Parts marked with " ..." are interchangeable
Addition 1
... FROM n1
Addition 2
... TO n2
Breaks down the source code table itab1 into tokens not from start to finish, but only from line n1 to line n2.
The additions FROM n1 and TO n2 must, in this order, follow the specification of the source code table itab1.
When using the start specification n1, use the addition WITHOUT TRMAC to ensure that there are no unnecessary database accesses to the table TRMAC.
The end specification n2 is treated as "soft", i.e. a statement that begins on a line <= n2, but ends only on a line > n2, is returned completely.
If the end specification n2 is split in a chain statement, only the split part up to the next comma is returned completely, not the entire chain statement up to the next period.
Negative line specifications are not allowed and result in a runtime error.
A line specification of 0 amounts essentially to no specification.
If n1 number of lines in source code table, the scanner is not called (SY-SUBRC = 2).
If n1 > n2 and n2 > 0, the scanner is not called (SY-SUBRC = 2).

Addition 3
... KEYWORDS FROM itab4
Does not return all statements, only those specified in the key word table itab4.
If the key word table is empty (i.e. it contains 0 lines), all the statements are selected.
The lines of the key word table are treated as a character field.
To select a Native-SQL-statement or a macro definition, you can specify the pseudo key words EXEC_SQL or DEFINE_MACRO. It makes no difference whether the statements EXEC or DEFINE occur as well. Native SQL statements and macro definitions are returned as one statement (of type E or M even if the expansion of a macro definition results in more than one statement.
If the key word table contains a blank line, blank statements are also selected.
Addition 4
... LEVELS INTO itab5
Stores details about each edited source code unit (source code table itab1 itself, expanded include-programs, expanded macro definitions) in the level table itab5.
Specification of a level table makes sense only with the addition WITH INCLUDES.
The level table itab5 must have the structure SLEVEL.
The fields of the structure SLEVEL - and consequently the columns of the level table itab5 have the following meaning:
TYPE
Type of source code unit with the following possible values:
P (Program)
D (Internal DEFINE macro)
R (Macro from table TRMAC)
NAME
Name of source code unit (name of include program, macro name)
DEPTH
Current nesting depth of source code unit (>= 1)
LEVEL
Index of superior (i.e. including or calling) source code unit in the level table (>= 1, if DEPTH >= 2, otherwise 0)
STMNT
Index of superior (i.e. including or calling) statement in the statement table (>= 1, if DEPTH >= 2, otherwise 0)
FROM
Index of first statement of source code unit in the statement table (>= 1)
TO
Index of last statement of source code unit in the statement table (>= 1)
If the source code unit contains include programs or macro calls, the line range [ FROM, TO] in the statement table also covers the statements in subordinate source code units.
Addition 5
... STRUCTURES INTO itab6
Details of the construction of the source text table are given in the structure table itab6.
The structure table itab6 must have the structure SSTRUC.
The fields in SSTRUC (which are also the columns of structure table itab6) have the following meanings:
TYPE
Type of the structure with possible values:
P (Beginning of the source code)
R (Subroutine)
M (Macro, EXEC SQL)
I (Loop)
A (Case distinction)
C (Condition in a case distinction)
J (Goto command)
D (Structured declaration)
E (Event)
S (Follow-on from simple structured statement)
STMNT_TYPE
The statement type of the beginning of the structure. The values are listed in the type pool SCAN in structure SCAN_STRUC_STMNT_TYPE.
KEY_START
Flags whether the start of the structure is described semantically ('X' if there is a special statement, otherwise ' ').
KEY_END
Flags whether the end of the structure is described semantically ('X' if there is a special statement, otherwise blank).
STMNT_FROM
Index of the first statement of the structure in the statement table itab3.
STMNT_TO
Index of the last statement of the structure in the statement table itab3.
Index of the first substructure of the structure in structure table itab6.
STRUC_TO
Index of the last substructure of the structure in structure table itab6.
BACK
Index of the structure in the structure table itab6 that contains the structure as a substructure (0 if the structure is the root structure of a structure tree).
Addition 6
... OVERFLOW INTO c1
The addition is only allowed and required if the token table itab2 has the structure STOKEN or STOKEX.
If a token is too large to be stored in the token table in the field STR, it is placed in the overflow area c1. The offset of the token in the overflow area then lies in the token table in the field OFF1.
Addition 7
... WITH ANALYSIS
Breaks down each token t = a+b(c) according to the logic of the RSYN key word >ANALY into its three components a, b and c.
Offset and length of components a, b and c are stored in the fields LEN1, OFF2, LEN2, OFF3, and LEN3 in the token table. (The offset of OFF1 is always 0 and therefore not required.)
If you specify the addition WITH ANALYSIS, the token table itab2 must have the structure STOKESX, so that the fields LEN1, OFF2, LEN2, OFF3 and LEN3 are available.
If the token table has the structure STOKEX, you must consider the following:
If the whole token exists in the token table, the offset specifications are relative to the token start. If the token is in the overflow area c1, the offset specifications are relative to the start of the overflow area.
Addition 8
... WITH COMMENTS
Returns comments also, with each individual comment representing a token. The system additionally stores entries for each full block of comments in the table itab3, differentiating between comments that occur within statements and those that occur at program level. In itab3, an entry for a comment within a statement always comes before the statement containing the comment.
Example
Look at the following program fragment. The preceding numbers are the indexes of the tokens.
1 * An example *
2 * with scattered comments
6 MOVE
3 * Inserted comment 1
7 X
4 * Inserted comment 2
8 TO
9 Y
5 * Inserted comment 3
SCAN then enters the following values for the components TYPE, FROM and TO (in this order from left to right) into itab3.
'P' 1 2
'S' 3 5
'K' 6 9
If the addition ... WITH COMMENTS is used, the table itab2 must have the line type STOKES or STOKESX.
Addition 9
... WITH INCLUDES
Also breaks down subordinate source code units (included programs, called macros) into tokens.
You should normally combine the addition WITH INCLUDES with the addition LEVELS INTO itab5.
If (at least) one included program does not exist, SY-SUBRC is set to 1 and the relevant INCLUDE statement is flagged in the statement table itab3 by the statement type J (instead of I), but the breakdown process continues. The level table itab5 contains no entry for include-programs that do not exist.
If you combine WITH INCLUDES with WITHOUT TRMAC , TRMAC-Macros are not expanded because the system does not recognize them as subordinate source code units.
When macro calls are expanded, no position specifications are available. The corresponding fields in the token table itab2 and the statement table itab3 are then set to 0.
Addition 10
... WITH TYPE-POOLS
This addition has the same effect as the WITH INCLUDES addition, except that with the former include programs belonging to type groups are broken down into tokens.
Addition 11
.. WITH LIST TOKENIZATION
Tokens of the form (a1, a2, a3) are not returned as tokens but broken down into the elementary components.
Addition 12
... WITHOUT TRMAC
If a statement begins neither with an ABAP/4 key word nor with a DEFINE macro, the system does not check whether this is a TRMAC macro, but assumes an unknown statement. (Unknown statements are flagged in the statement table itab3 with a U in the field TYPE.)
To avoid unnecessary database accesses to the table TRMAC, you should use the addition WITHOUT TRMAC whenever you assume that the source code to be scanned contains unknown statements. Unknown statements are particularly likely to occur if you use the addition FROM n1, because the scanner does not start at the beginning of the source code, but from a specified point.
If you use WITHOUT TRMAC with WITH INCLUDES, TRMAC macros are not expanded because the system does not recognize them as subordinate source code units.
Addition 13
... PROGRAM FROM c2
Addition 14
... INCLUDE INTO c3
Addition 15
... MESSAGE INTO c4
Addition 16
... WORD INTO c5
Addition 17
... LINE INTO n3
Addition 18
... OFFSET INTO n4
The above additions have the same meaning as those for the
SYNTAX-CHECK: statement: c2 is an input field for a program name to be assigned to the source code, while the fields c3, c4, c5, n3 and n4 are output fields in case an error occurs.
To be able to analyze errors without modifying programs, use the additions INCLUDE, MESSAGE, WORD, LINE and OFFSET. These provide information about the errors which have occurred.
Variant 2
SCAN AND CHECK ABAP-SOURCE itab1 ...RESULT INTO itab2.
Parts marked with " ..." are interchangeable
Extras:
1. ... PROGRAM FROM c1 2. ... INCLUDE INTO c2
3. ... MESSAGE INTO c3
4. ... WORD INTO c4
5. ... LINE INTO n1
6. ... OFFSET INTO n2
The syntax of the program in table itab1 is checked. During the check, all of the information from the program, such as statement structures, statements, tokens, data objects, types and do on are placed into the result field. This field must have the type SYSCH_RESULT, which is defined in type group SYSCH. You must therefore declare type group SYSCH in your ABAP-program using a TYPE-POOLS statement.
&ABAP_ADDITION _1&
... PROGRAM FROM c1
&ABAP_ADDITION _2&
... INCLUDE INTO c1
&ABAP_ADDITION _3&
... MESSAGE INTO c3
&ABAP_ADDITION _4&
... WORD INTO c4
&ABAP_ADDITION _5&
... LINE INTO n1
&ABAP_ADDITION _6&
... OFFSET INTO n2
The above additions have the same effect as the corresponding additions in the statement SYNTAX-CHECK: c1 is an input field for a program name to be assigned to the source code, the fields c2, c3, c4, n1 and n2 are output fields, used when errors occur.
To enable you to analyze errors without having to modify the program, you should specify the INCLUDE, MESSAGE, WORD, LINE and OFFSET additions for the information about the error that occurred.
Reward if usefull

What is the use of change pointer concept in ale?

what is the use of change pointer concept in ale?
Edited by: Alvaro Tejada Galindo on Feb 6, 2008 5:10 PM

ALE Architecture:
It consists of an Outbound process, an Inbound process, and an Exception Handling process.
Outbound Process:
ALE Outbound Process in SAP sends data to one or more SAP Systems. It involves four steps.
1. Identify the need of IDoc: This step starts upon creating a application document, can relate to a change to a master data object.
2. Generate the Master IDoc: The document or master data to be sent is read from the database and formatted into an IDoc format. This IDoc is called as a Master IDoc.
3. Generate the Communication IDoc: The ALE Service layer generates a separate IDoc from the Master IDoc for each recipient who is interested in the data. Separate IDocs are generated because each recipient might demand a different version or a subset of the Master IDoc. These recipient-specific IDocs are called Communication IDocs and are stored in the database.
4. Deliver the Communication IDoc: The IDoc is delivered to the recipients using an asynchronous communication method. This allows the sending system to continue its processing without having to wait for the destination system to receiver or process the IDoc.
Inbound Process:
The inbound process receives an IDoc and creates a document in the system.
1. Store the IDoc in the database: The IDoc is received from the sending system and stored in the database. Then the IDoc goes through a basic integrity check and syntax check.
2. Invoke the Posting Module: The control information in the IDoc and configuration tables are read to determine the posting program. The IDoc is then transferred to its posting program.
3. Create the Document: The posting program reads the IDoc data and then creates a document in the system. The results are logged in the IDoc.
Over view of IDocs:
IDoc is a container that is used to exchange data between any two processes. The document represented in an IDoc is independent of the complex structure SAP uses to store application data. This type of flexibility enables SAP to rearrange its internal structure without affecting the existing interface.
IDoc interface represents an IDoc Type or IDoc data. IDoc Type represents IDocs definition and IDoc Data is an instance of the IDoc Type.
IDoc Types:
IDoc type structure can consist of several segments, and each segment can consist of several data fields. The IDoc structure defines the syntax of the data by specifying a list of permitted segments and arrangement of the segments. Segments define a set of fields and their format.
An IDoc is an instance of an IDoc Type and consists of three types of records.
i. One Control record: each IDoc has only one control record. The control record contains all the control information about an IDoc, including the IDoc number, the sender and recipient information, and information such as the message type it represents and IDoc type. The control record structure is same for all IDocs.
ii. One or Many Data records: An IDoc can have multiple data records, as defined by the IDoc structure. Segments translate into data records, which store application data, such as purchase order header information and purchase order detail lines.
iii. One or Many Status records: An IDoc can have multiple status records. Status record helps to determine whether an IDoc has any error.
Message in IDoc Type:
A Message represents a specific type of document transmitted between two partners.
Outbound Process in IDocs:
Outbound process used the following components to generate an IDoc. A customer model, and IDoc structure, selection programs, filter objects, conversion rules, a port definition, an RFC destination, a partner profile, service programs, and configuration tables.
The Customer Model:
A customer model is used to model a distribution scenario. In a customer model, you identify the systems involved in a distribution scenario and the message exchanged between the systems.
Message control:
Message control is a cross application technology used in pricing, account determination, material determination, and output determination. The output determination technique of Message control triggers the ALE for a business document. Message control separates the logic of generating IDocs from the application logic.
Change Pointers:
The change pointers technique is based on the change document technique, which tracks changes made to key documents in SAP, such as the material master, customer master and sales order.
Changes made to a document are recorded in the change document header table CDHDR, and additional change pointers are written in the BDCP table for the changes relevant to ALE.
IDoc Structure:
A message is defined for data that is exchanged between two systems. The message type is based on one or more IDoc structures.
Selection Program:
Is typically implemented as function modules, are designed to extract application data and create a master IDoc. A selection program exists for each message type. A selection programs design depends on the triggering mechanism used in the process.
Filter Objects;
Filter Objects remove unwanted data for each recipient of the data basing on the recipients requirement.
Port Definition:
A port is used in an outbound process to define the medium in which documents are transferred to the destination system. ALE used a Transactional RFC port, which transfers data in memory buffers.
RFC Destination:
The RFC destination is a logical name used to define the characteristics of a communication link to a remote system on which a function needs to be executed.
Partner Profile:
A partner profile specifies the components used in an outbound process(logical name of the remote SAP system, IDoc Type, message type, TRFC port), an IDocs packet size, the mode in which the process sends an IDoc (batch versus immediate), and the person to be notified in case of error.
Service Programs and Configuration Tables:
The outbound process, being asynchronous, is essentially a sequence of several processes that work together. SAP provides service programs and configuration tables to link these programs and provide customizing options for an outbound process.
Creation of IDoc:
Basic Type:
Basic IDoc type defines the structure and format of the business document that is to be exchanged between two systems.
Segments:
Segments form the basic building blocks of an IDoc type and are used to store the actual datta. A segment type is the name of a segment and is independent of the SAP elease. A segment definition is the release-specific name of a segment.
Steps in creating Segments:
T.Code WE31
Enter the name for your segment type and click on the create icon.
Type the Short text.
Enter the variable names and data elements.
Save and Go back.
Go to Edit -> Set Release.
Repeat the steps to create more segments.
IDOC TYPE:
Business data is exchanged with an external system using the IDoc Interface.
IDoc types (Special Structures) An IDoc type is defined through its permitted segments. Segments can be dependent on each other (parent and child segments). The IDoc interface can check for each IDoc whether thhe segments contained are compatible with thhe definitiion of its type. This systax check is activated or deactivated in the Partner Profiles.
Steps in creating IDoc Type:
T.Code WE30 to create IDoc Type.
Enter the Object Name, Select Basic Type and click Create Icon
Select the create new option and enter a description for your basic IDOC type and press enter
Select the IDoc name and click Create icon
The system prompts us to enter a segment type and its attributes
Choose the appropriate values and press enter
The system transfers the name of the segment type to the IDoc editor.
Follow these steps to add more number of segments to Parent or as Parent-child relation.
Save it and go back.
Go to Edit -> Set Release.
Message Type:
Steps in Creating Message Type:
T.Code WE81.
change the details from Display mode to Change mode
After selection, the system will give this message "The table is cross client (See help for further info)". Press enter.
Click New Entries to create new Message Type.
Fill details
Save it and go back.
Assign Message Type to IDoc Type:
T.Code WE82
Change the details from Display mode to change mode.
After selection, the system will give this message "The table is cross client (See help for further info)". Press enter.
Click New Entries to create new Message Type.
Fill details
Save it and go back.
<REMOVED BY MODERATOR>
Edited by: Alvaro Tejada Galindo on Feb 6, 2008 5:10 PM

What is the use of at new statement?

What is the use of at new statement?

Hi,
AT - itab
Syntax
LOOP AT itab result ...
[AT FIRST.
 ENDAT.]
 [AT NEW comp1.
 ENDAT.
 [AT NEW comp2.
 ENDAT.
 AT END OF comp2.
 ENDAT.]
 AT END OF comp1.
 ENDAT.]
[AT LAST.
ENDAT.]
ENDLOOP.
Extras:
1. ... FIRST
2. ... |{END OF} compi
3. ... LAST
Effect
The statement block of a LOOP loop can contain control structures for control level processing. The respective control statement is AT. The statements AT and ENDAT define statement blocks that are executed at control breaks, that is, when the control structure is changed. The additions to the AT statements determine the control break at which their statement blocks are executed. Within these statement blocks, the statement SUM can be specified to add together the numeric components of a control level. For the output behavior result, the same applies as for LOOP AT.
The prerequisite for control level processing is that the internal table is sorted in exactly the same sequence as the component of its line type - that is, first in accordance with the first component, then in accordance with the second component, and so on. The line structure and the corresponding sorting sequence gives a group structure of the content of the internal table, whose levels can be evaluated using AT statements. The AT- ENDAT control structures must be aligned one after the other, in accordance with the group structure.
The statement blocks within the AT- ENDAT control structures are listed if an appropriate control break is made in the current table line. Statements in the LOOP- ENDLOOP control structure that are not executed within an AT- ENDAT control structure are executed in each pass of the loop.
In order that control level processing is carried out properly, the following rules must be observed:
After LOOP, a restricting condition cond can only be specified if this selects a consecutive line block of the internal table. Otherwise, the behavior of control level processing is undefined.
The internal table cannot be modified within the LOOP loop.
A work area wa specified in the LOOP statement after the addition INTO must be compatible with the line type of the table.
The content of a work area wa specified after the addition INTO in the LOOP statement must not be modified.
If the INTO addition is used in the LOOP statement to assign the content of the current line to a work area wa, its content is changed upon entry into the AT-ENDAT control structure as follows:
The components of the current control key remain unchanged.
All components with a character-type, flat data type to the right of the current control key are set to character "*" in every position.
All the other components to the right of the current control key are set to their initial value.
When the AT-ENDAT control structure is exited, the content of the current table line is assigned to the entire work area wa.
Addition 1
... FIRST
Effect
The control level is defined by the first line of the internal table. The control break takes place when this line is read.
Note
In the group level AT FIRST, the current group key contains no components and all character-type components of the work area wa are filled with "*" and all remaining components are set to their initial value.
Addition 2
... |{END OF} compi/>
Effect
: Control levels are defined by the beginning or end of a group of lines with the same content in the component compi (where i = 1, 2, and so on) and in the components to the left of compi. The control breaks take place when the content of the component compi or another component to the left of compi changes.
The compi components can be specified as described in Specification of Components, with the limitation that access to object attributes is not possible here.
Note
If the INTO or ASSIGNING additions are used in the LOOP statement, a field symbol can be entered after AT |{END OF} outside classes, to which the corresponding component of the work area wa or the field symbol <fs> is assigned. This form of dynamic component specification is obsolete and has been replaced by specification in the format (name).
Addition 3
... LAST
Effect
: The control level is defined by the last line of the internal table. The control break takes place when this line is read.
Note
In the group level AT LAST, the current group key contains no components and all character-type components of the work area wa are filled with "*" and all remaining components are set to their initial value.
Regards,
Prashant

What is the difference between action and workflow? How do I decide that I need an action in a transaction and not a workflow and vice versa?

Dear Experts,
I have few doubts and request your expert inputs to clarify my doubts.
What is the difference between action and workflow? How do I decide that I need an action in a transaction and not a workflow and vice versa?
Your earliest response is highly appreciated.
Thanks,
SMTP

Hi SMTP,
First of all, as I mentioned action is nothing but an executable work item which is designed in the workflow itself. In other words, Workflow is like your OOPS class. At run time, workflow instances are created just like objects of classes. Now, the steps designed in the workflow are called TASKS and the instances of tasks are called WORKITEMS. Now, the work items where any user action is required are called executable work items. ANd the work items where no user action is required (for example, sending an email in background) are called non-executable work items.
Whether to go with development of workflow or not depends upon your business scenario. If your requirement is only to send an email and you find any BAdi or exit where in you can write your logic then there is no need of creating a workflow. If there is a defined business process with defined users and time lines, then you can go with the development of workflows.
Rest, the below link will help you in understanding basic concepts of workflow :
Why use SAP Workflow? | Insight Consulting Partners
Regards,
Richa

What is the use of this form?

Hi all,
What is the use of this form in include RV61B901?
How does this code send any information to the program calling it? Is Sy-subrc global so that main program will know the reuslts?
Code:
FORM KOBED_901.
DATA : l_anzpk LIKE likp-anzpk.
SELECT SINGLE anzpk FROM likp
                      INTO l_anzpk
                      WHERE vbeln = komkbv2-vbeln.
IF l_anzpk NE 0.
    sy-subrc = 4.
    exit.
ENDIF.
sy-subrc = 0.
ENDFORM.
Thanks,
Charles.

Hello,
This form sets the value of sy-subrc(which is global) based
on the value of l_anzpk.
Regards
Greg Kern

What is the use of additon in up to 1 rows in SELECT statement

Hi All,
         What is the use of up to 1 rows in select statement.
for example
SELECT kostl
      FROM pa0001
      INTO y_lv_kostl UP TO 1 ROWS
      WHERE pernr EQ pernr
      AND endda GE sy-datum.
    ENDSELECT.
I'm unable to get in wat situations we hav to add up to 1 rows
please help me out...
Thanks,
santosh.

Hi,
Use "select up to 1 rows" only if you are sure that all the records returned will have the same value for the field(s) you are interested in. If not, you will be reading only the first record which matches the criteria, but may be the second or the third record has the value you are looking for.
The System test result showed that the variant Single * takes less time than Up to 1 rows as there is an additional level for COUNT STOP KEY for SELECT ENDSELECT UP TO 1 ROWS.
The 'SELECT .... UP TO 1 ROWS' statement is subtly different. The database selects all of the relevant records that are defined by the WHERE clause, applies any aggregate, ordering or grouping functions to them and then returns the first record of the result set.
Regards,
Bhaskar

What is the use of Alternative Calculation Type =2 and 4

Dear Friends
In pricing procedure in gross value, Net value for Item and Net value has Alternative calucation type is 2.
What is the use of it?
Without using it these value line are also fetching net value then what is the work of it. Please give me detail information with its effects in pricing condition tab page in sales document.
Thanking You
Arun

Arun biswal,
Correct Biswal. We have at varoius stages within Pricing procedure the "net value" which is calculated. Not only the alternative calculation type "2" is used if you notice carefully they are stored as subtotals at various levels.
For Ex Gross Value --> Subtotal =1 --> Calc type = 2
similarly for Net value for Item --> Subtotal =2 --> Calc type = 2
Net value 2 --> Subtotal =3 --> Calc type = 2
See, these are used to calculate the net value at various levels in pricing. The calculation Type has got a set of routines that will facilitate us in pricing. SAP has provided certain clauclated formulas or routines to facilitate us during calculation within pricing . Here the "2" is used for calculation without tax and store it as subtotal and display it or use it for further calculations.
We can use this "netvalue" amount for further calculations. It is used for clarity purpose when you issue a statement to customer. (like Confirmation order) at various levels like discount amt involved, Freight involved, Rebate amount invloved.....
Even without this Calc type or using sub total u can proceed....
Finally we have TOTAL --> Subtotal =A --> Calc type = 4
In the above line we have Calc type as 4, which means when you use TAX this calc type is used .
Routines are used to facilitate your process....
Regards
Sathya

What is the use of Serializable Interface in java?

Hello friends,
I have one dout and i want to share with u guys:
Why Serializable interface made and actully
what's the use of it?
At which place it become useful ?
It is not contain any method then why it is made?
If anyone have any idea about this then please reply.
Thanks in advace
Regards,
Jitendra Parekh

t is not contain any method then why it is made?To point out to the user of a class (and the programs) that the design of this class is conforming to certain restraints needed for Serialization.

What is the use of Data packet dim with Virtual cube with services

Hi Friends,
Could anybody tell me what is the use of Packet dimension in Virtual cube with services , It cannot contain data persistently ,Just fetch at runtime,Then there is no Physical load happening,Then why it should be automatically created for this??
Message was edited by: Pradeep choudhari

Hi Maik,
Unit dimension will not be created automatically until and unless you have keyfigure referning units..
But my question is : Why should we have data pack dimension , which is useless in this case of Virtual cube with services.It should not be created automatically!! What do you say??

What is the use of Blocks in workflows

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