Why do we use xml?

why do we use only xml for message exchange in xi?

Hello Jaya,
SAP Exchange Infrastructure is based on an open architecture, uses open standards (in particular those from the XML and Java environments) and offers those services that are essential in a heterogeneous and complex system landscape.
http://help.sap.com/saphelp_nw04/helpdata/en/14/80243b4a66ae0ce10000000a11402f/frameset.htm
Is that what you are looking for?
Regards,
John Ta

Similar Messages

  • Designing the structure of jsp pages using xml

    how can i design the structure of the jsp using xml file?

    The structure of the JSP? I don't know what that means. Perhaps you can explain why you thought using XML for that would be a good idea, that might help us comprehend the question.

  • Why to use xml ,sax api ,?

    Dear friends
    1> Can u please tell me why to use xml instead of html. When the developement is
    easy & fast in html, then why peoples are going for xml.
    2> Please tell me role of SAX api in relevence to XML.
    3>What is difference between DOM & SAX.?
    If possible spare few seconds to write to me.
    regds
    shiv
    Email: [email protected]

    1> Can u please tell me why to use xml instead of
    html. When the developement is
    easy & fast in html, then why peoples are going for
    xml.
    HTML is only for presentations like web pages. XML, however, is use to define a new language like XHTML that is for presentations. But there are XML based language that is not for presentation, for example, XLink which allows elements to be inserted into XML documents in order to create and describe links between resources. All in all, XML is a much powerful language than HTML.
    2> Please tell me role of SAX api in relevence to
    XML.
    Simplely put, SAX is a XML parser like DOM that is used to process XML data.
    3>What is difference between DOM & SAX.?
    Take a look at this: http://java.sun.com/webservices/docs/ea2/tutorial/doc/JAXPIntro.html
    Hope this help.

  • Why use XML

    I can't find any true tangible benefits to using XML
    to transfer data from legacy systems, in comparison to say, using an external file and loading into existing
    schema objects, which we do use.
    We have 4-6 internal systems, and many many external systems, that currently use text or DB links to transfer data around, and of course the manager hears the catch-phrase-of-the-day XML, all time time and wants us to use it. We do a lot of complicated reading of the files, i.e. headers and multiple layers of detail (header & detail lines can have infinite detail lines)
    Can somebody offer up why use XML? (white pages, something I can get proof with) or why not to use it.
    To me, completly different layer of technology, everybody has a "standard", nobody has the same standard.
    More storage in the database (being a DBA I don't like this), and seems to need its own full time employee to manage it (the IT director won't like that).

    SO... you STILL have to get what the file looks like... can't be read from inside the file (like a decent CSV), hasn't somebody realized that keep layout seperate from the data during outside transfers is stupid?
    I understand the tags etc, I guess because disk is free, and networks are faster, lets clog them up with useless info <the tags>. I have loaded/extracted XML from the database (what a PITA that is) before I asked this question.
    My question is, can somebody please point me in a direction of the benefits of using XML to transfer data between systems.
    Why use XML? Why is XML better than a CSV (or formatted text file)????
    What benefits does it have over those file types??
    A great list of pro/cons would be nice... everything on oracle web sites, and google say all basically say the same thing... "use it because it's new and neat"
    Why should we spend hundreds of man hours reinventing the wheel?
    What tangible benefits are there to using it?
    Might be the wrong forum, if so, please point me in the right direction.

  • What is web.xml and why it is used?

    hi,
    am new to servlet technology, i tried to find a topic like this in this fourm also in google but didn't get a exact one. can anybody explain me or suggest me some resource about this.
    thanx in advance.
    Max

    hi stevejluke,
    thanx for the correct link.
    nx for the correct link. but what i in doubt with is
    why we should use web.xml? may be my question is very
    silly, may be too basic, forgive me for that...
    Thanx & Regards,
    SaikatAt the most basic level:
    There are several versions of the Servlet specification, You need the web.xml to tell the server which version of the spec your application conforms to so the server knows how to deal with different things.
    If you have a servlet, you also need the web.xml to define what URL signals a request that should be handled by your servlet.
    At this point, you need to sit down and read a book. Do what it says, blindly at first. Just do what it says (but do try to understand the 'what' of it, just don't question the 'why'). After you have a few applications running, go back and ask yourself this question again and try to see what you are using the web.xml for in those applications you have.

  • When / why use XML to store data instead of database table ?

    Hi All,
    I still not use XML much in applications and don't know much about its utilization.
    I read here and there about storing data as XML instead of into database tables.
    - could any body please tell me when / why use XML to store data instead of database table ?
    e.g : store inventory per warehouse in XML format. ?
    - What is the other cases or reasons of extracting database records into XML or vice versa ?
    - is there any good pdf on this ?
    Thank you for your help,
    xtanto

    It depends entirely what you want to accomplish with the 'XML in the database'. There are basically 3 independent methods: As CLOB, as XMLType views or as native XMLType 'columns'
    Each method has advantages and disadvantages, especially in the performance vs purpose tradeoff.
    The Oracled Press book "Oracle Database 10g XML & SQL Design, Build, & Manage XML Applications in Java, C, C++, & PL/SQL" is highly recommended for anyone interested in Oracle and XML. http://books.mcgraw-hill.com/getbook.php?isbn=0072229527&template=oraclepress

  • Why use Xml Db?

    Hi ,
    1- what is the main benefit for using xml db , what does it offer that regular db doesn't ?
    2- what do i have to learn to know this type of db?
    Thanks.....

    1) There is a simple rule. If you have to handle XML use XML(DB).
    Oracle XMLDB functionality is a free / core part of the Oracle database (install it, if it isn't via the main script $ORACLE_HOME\rdbms\catqm.sql)
    A "regular" db is 99% of the time needed to handle relational data. See Wikipedia for differences between relational, xml, or, lets say, object orientated databases.
    2) Start reading. ;-)
    Start reading the Oracle XMLDB Development Guide (http://www.oracle.com/pls/db111/to_toc?pathname=appdev.111/b28369/toc.htm) - Chapter 1 and 2 are a good way to start.

  • Crystal Report generation using XML

    I have some reports that were created using XML and as I recall when I created them using CR v. 9 I used a connections called ADO (Xml) or something like that. On one of my machines I have CR XI and the only option available is XML and when I add a field from this connection it inserts: "{NewDataSet\TableName.FieldName}" however, previously when I used the ADO XML connections it only inserted {TableName.FieldName}. In the version 9 CR i was using the professsional version and in the version 11 CR it is still the professional version but I can't seem to create an XML connector that doesn't prefix the table/field with "NewDataSet". My request is two fold, first, can you please direct me to some articles that I can read to better understand how to generate  CR from XML? My project is to generate the XML and then set the xml during runtime into the report using SetDataSource and then display the report using the CR viewing that I package and redist with my app. Secondly, why does the ADO XML connector not available in CR XI professional version and is there any way to get the CR v. 9 behaviour back?
    Thanks,
    Marcus

    Hi, Markus
    If you are planning to run reports from a .NET application, you need to have the Developer edition, not the professional.
    The ADO.NET Driver is not installed by default. Go into Control Panel - Add / Remove programs, and chose Crystal Reports, and change. You can expand the Database drivers, and you should see the ADO.NET driver there. Note: you need to have the .NET framework installed for this to work.
    Regards,
    Jonathan

  • Excel Output for Standard Reports using XML Publisher

    Hi All,
    Customer wants to get Excel Output for the existing Standard/Custom Reports using XML Publisher. I followed the following procedure.
    1. Changed the output to XML for Concurrent program ( Trial Balance - Detail )
    2. Used the Existing seeded Template
    3. Ran the Report using EXCEL as the output.
    When I clicked on View Output, I am not able to see the Excel output. I am seeing the HTML tags in the output window. Verified that Viewer Options existed for Excel as follows:
    File Format=Excel, Mime Type=application/vnd.ms-excel.
    When I ran the report with PDF output. I can see the PDF output.
    Ran the HTML output with new Viewer Option ( File Format=HTML, Mime Type=application/vnd.ms-excel) then I can see the output in Browser in the Excel format. I did this test after going through the Metalink Note: Note:316752.1
    My question is.. Do I need always choose the HTML ouput in the options window to trigger the Viewer option for HTML. Customer may not like this idea. He would like to choose the Excel Output and see the output in Excel format either in the Browser or Microsoft Excel.
    Can someone in this situation before help me out.
    Thanks,
    V

    Questions rephrase:
    1. Is the output is same for HTML and Excel options ?
    2. Why the output is viewable with HTML option and not with Excel option ?
    Customer has XML Publisher Version 5.0.1 and in the process of applying 5.6.1
    Thanks,
    V

  • Unable to view image if the size is more than 3KB using XML Publisher.

    Hello,
    We are printing PO approver signature using xml publisher (rtf) on a pdf.
    If the size of the image is 3KB or less, the image gets printed.
    But, if the size is more than 3KB the image does not get printed.
    Additional Info:
    1. The signature is stored as jpg image in fnd_lobs table.
    2. On following code is mentioned in the rtf
    <fo:instream-foreign-object content-type="image/jpg">
    <xsl:value-of select="IMG_SIGNATURE"/>
    </fo:instream-foreign-object>
    3. We are using the following function that converts BLOB to CLOB.
    CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION XX_BLOBTOBASE64
    b IN BLOB
    RETURN CLOB
    IS
    sizeb PLS_INTEGER := 4080 ;
    buffer RAW(4080);
    offset PLS_INTEGER DEFAULT 1;
    RESULT CLOB;
    BEGIN
    -- dbms_lob.createtemporary
    -- lob_loc => RESULT
    -- , cache => FALSE
    -- , dur => dbms_lob.CALL
    -- LOOP
    -- BEGIN
    -- dbms_lob.READ
    -- ( lob_loc => b
    -- , amount => sizeb
    -- , offset => offset
    -- , buffer => buffer
    -- EXCEPTION
    -- WHEN no_data_found
    -- THEN
    -- EXIT;
    -- END;
    -- offset := offset + sizeb;
    -- dbms_lob.append
    -- ( dest_lob => RESULT
    -- , src_lob => to_clob(utl_raw.cast_to_varchar2(utl_encode.base64_encode(buffer)))
    -- END LOOP;
    DBMS_LOB.createtemporary(lob_loc => RESULT, CACHE => FALSE, dur => 0);
    Wf_Mail_Util.EncodeBLOB ( b, RESULT );
    RETURN RESULT;
    END;
    Requesting any of you to let us know if there is any method to resolve this issue.
    Thanks,
    Angelica.

    Hi,
    Are you using Outlook.com to send/receive emails? Based on my research, we can only add an image/ picture in your e-mail signature that’s Web based (picture that is available in existing websites or stored in an online storage). See:
    http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/outlook_com/forum/osettings-oemailset/add-logo-to-outlookcom-signature/4455facf-0926-42a6-aad7-756de662a865
    Since this forum is for general questions and feedback related to Outlook desktop application, if you are using Outlook.com, I'd recommend you post your question in the Outlook.com forum:
    http://answers.microsoft.com/en-us/outlook_com/forum?tab=Threads
    The reason why we recommend posting appropriately is you will get the most
    qualified pool
    of respondents, and other partners who read the forums regularly can either share their knowledge or learn from your interaction with us. Thank you for your understanding.
    Steve Fan
    TechNet Community Support
    It's recommended to download and install
    Configuration Analyzer Tool (OffCAT), which is developed by Microsoft Support teams. Once the tool is installed, you can run it at any time to scan for hundreds of known issues in Office
    programs.

  • Error while using XML Iview, please contact your system administrator.

    Hello everybody,
    I have already posted a detailed message for the XML iview problem sometime back but havent got any reply so far. All the replies had come from users who are also facing the same problem. I am trying to use a XML iview for fetching RSS feeds from one of the internet source, i have entered the proper URL and selected the proper RSS to XHTMLB transformer also and have entered the proxy settings in the http service and enabled it and restarted it also, but again when i am previewing the Iview its giving me the error <b>"Error while using XML Iview, please contact your system administrator."</b>. I am using
        Area           Version
        J2EE Engine    6.40 PatchLevel 98256.313
        Portal         6.0.14.0.0
    , can someone tell me whether its a bug in sp14 or i am missing something while creating this XML Iview. Expecting a proper reply.
    Thanks in advance,
    Regards,
    Sarabjeet.

    Hi Sarabjeet,
    The XML iView uses server-side fetching, so if you are having problems with a regular URL iView in server-side fetching mode, so the problem with the XML iVIew probably has to do with the proxy settings.
    And since you got a 407 error, it seems there is an issue with proxy settings or the proxy server, as mentioned in this description of 407 error:
    The HTTP 407 code only applies to users who are accessing the Internet behind a proxy server. This is common in government and corporate workplaces. The 407 code indicates that your computer must first authenticate itself with your company's proxy server. Check with your IT department or computer support group as to the exact reason why you may be getting this error. It may be possible that the proxy server does not allow downloads of specific files (exe, cab, com). You can also verify that your proxy server settings are valid.
    I will check if I can find out any more specific info.
    Daniel

  • Dynamic binding of items in sap.m.Table using XML views

    Dear SAPUI5 guru's,
    Let's start by saying I'm an ABAP developer who's exploring SAPUI5, so I'm still a rookie at the time of writing. I challenged myself by developing a simple UI5 app that shows information about my colleagues like name, a pic, address data and their skills. The app uses the sap.m library and most of the views are XML based which I prefer.
    The data is stored on an ABAP system and exposed via a gateway service. This service has 2 entities: Employee and Skill. Each employee can have 0..n skills and association/navigation between these 2 entities is set up correctly in the service. The data of this service is fetched from within the app using a sap.ui.model.odata.ODataModel model.
    The app uses the splitApp control which shows the list of employees on the left side (master view). If a user taps an employee, the corresponding details of the employee entity are shown on the right (detail view).
    Up till here everything is fine but I've been struggling with my latest requirement which is: show the skills of the selected employee in a separate XML view when the user performs an action (for the time being, I just created a button on the detail view to perform the action). After some hours I actually got it working but I doubt if my solution is the right way to go. And that's why I'm asking for your opinion here.
    Let's explain how I got things working. First of all I created a new XML view called 'Skills'. The content on this view is currently just a Table with 2 columns:
    <core:View xmlns:core="sap.ui.core" xmlns:mvc="sap.ui.core.mvc" xmlns="sap.m"
      controllerName="com.pyramid.Skills" xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
      <Page title="Skills"
           showNavButton="true"
           navButtonPress="handleNavButtonPress">
      <content>
      <Table
       id="skillsTable">
      <columns>
      <Column>
      <Label text="Name"/>
      </Column>
      <Column>
      <Label text="Rating"/>
      </Column>
      </columns>
      </Table>
      </content>
      </Page>
    </core:View>
    The button on the Detail view calls function showSkills:
    showSkills: function(evt) {
      var context = evt.getSource().getBindingContext();
      this.nav.to("Skills", context);
      var skillsController = this.nav.getView().app.getPage("Skills").getController();
      skillsController.updateTableBinding();
    Within 'this.nav.to("Skills", context);' I add the Skills view to the splitApp and set its bindingContext to the current binding context (e.g. "EmployeeSet('000001')"). Then I call function updateTableBinding in the controller of the Skills view which dynamically binds the items in the table based on the selected employee. So, when the ID of the selected employee is '000001', the path of the table's item binding should be "/EmployeeSet('000001')/Skills"
    updateTableBinding: function(){
      var oTemplate = new sap.m.ColumnListItem(
      {cells: [
              new sap.m.Text({text : "{Name}"}),
              new sap.m.Text({text : "{Rating}"})
      var oView = this.getView();
      var oTable = oView.byId("skillsTable");
      var oContext = oView.getBindingContext();
      var path = oContext.sPath + "/Skills";
      oTable.bindItems(path, oTemplate);
    Allthough it works fine, this is where I have my first doubt. Is this the correct way to bind the items? I tried to change the context that is passed to this.nav.to and wanted it to 'drill-down' one level, from Employee to Skills, but I couldn't manage to do that.
    I also tried to bind using the items aggregation of the table within the XML declaration (<Table id="skillsTable" items="{/EmployeeSet('000001')/Skills}">). This works fine if I hard-code the employee ID but off course this ID needs to be dynamic.
    Any better suggestions?
    The second doubt is about the template parameter passed to the bindItems method. This template is declared in the controller via javascript. But I'm using XML views! So why should I declare any content in javascript?? I tried to declare the template in the XML view itself by adding an items tag with a ColumnListItem that has an ID:
                    <items>
                        <ColumnListItem
                        id="defaultItem">
                        <cells>
                            <Text text="{Name}"/>
                            </cells>
                            <cells>
                            <Text text="{Rating}"/>
                            </cells>
                        </ColumnListItem>
                    </items>
    Then, in the updateTableBinding function, I fetched this control (by ID), and passed it as the template parameter to the bindItems method. In this case the table shows a few lines but they don't contain any data and their height is only like 1 mm! Does anyone know where this strange behaviour comes from or what I'm doing wrong?
    I hope I explained my doubts clearly enough. If not, let me know which additional info is required.
    Looking forward to your opinions/suggestions,
    Rudy Clement.

    Hi everybody,
    I found this post by searching for a dynamic binding for well acutally not the same situation but it's similar to it. I'm trying to do the following. I'm having a list where you can create an order. On the bottom of the page you'll find a button with which you're able to create another order. All the fields are set to the same data binding ... so the problem is if you've filled in the values for the first order and you'll press the button you'll get the same values in the second order. Is it possible to generate a dynamic binding?
    I'm going to post you a short code of what I'm meaning:
    <Input type="Text" value="{path: 'MyModel>/Order/0/Field1'}" id="field1">
         <layoutData>
                    <l:GridData span="L11 M7 S3"></l:GridData>
               </layoutData>
    </Input>
    As you can see I need to set the point of "0" to a dynamic number. Is there any possibility to reach this???
    Hope you can help
    Greetings
    Stef

  • [URGENT] Get Inbound Message in EBS Using XML Gateway + SOAP

    Hi experts,
    I want to ask you about how to process the inbound message using XML Gateway and SOAP protocol.
    I have 2 EBS instances, let's called it A (source) and B (destination).
    FYI, I'm following this ebook: "Oracle E-Business Suite Development and Extensibility Handbook" in chapter 12 regarding Oracle XML Gateway.
    So I don't use BPEL PM to do this.
    I'm just using EBS with XML Gateway and Integrated SOA Gateway responsibilities.
    When I tried to send the XML from A to B using OXTA, it's success, the data can be processed in B and could store in the database.
    But when I tried to use SOAP, the XML message that has been sent from A is success, and when I check it on B (Integrated SOA Gateway -> SOA Monitor), the message is in there and I can see the SOAP request and response as well.
    SOAP request:
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
    - <env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ns0="http://xmlns.oracle.com/apps/fnd/XMLGateway" xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd">
    - <env:Header>
    - <ns0:XMLGateway_Header>
    <ns0:MESSAGE_TYPE>XML</ns0:MESSAGE_TYPE>
    <ns0:MESSAGE_STANDARD>OAG</ns0:MESSAGE_STANDARD>
    <ns0:TRANSACTION_TYPE>XKLB</ns0:TRANSACTION_TYPE>
    <ns0:TRANSACTION_SUBTYPE>ORDER_DETAILS_XO</ns0:TRANSACTION_SUBTYPE>
    <ns0:DOCUMENT_NUMBER>9282</ns0:DOCUMENT_NUMBER>
    <ns0:PARTY_SITE_ID>142</ns0:PARTY_SITE_ID>
    <ns0:USERNAME>cons.ade</ns0:USERNAME>
    <ns0:PASSWORD>cons.ade</ns0:PASSWORD>
    </ns0:XMLGateway_Header>
    </env:Header>
    - <env:Body>
    <ns0:ReceiveDocument xsi:type="xsd:string"><ORDER_DETAILS_XO xmlns=""> <ORDER> <ORDNO>100002</ORDNO> <ORDWT>100002</ORDWT> <RDATE/> <CITY>JAKARTA</CITY> <ZIP>17121</ZIP> </ORDER> </ORDER_DETAILS_XO></ns0:ReceiveDocument>
    </env:Body>
    </env:Envelope>
    SOAP response:
    - <env:Envelope xmlns:env="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
    <env:Header />
    - <env:Body>
    - <ReceiveDocument_Response xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/apps/fnd/XMLGateway">
    <ResponseCode xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/apps/fnd/XMLGateway">200</ResponseCode>
    <ResponseMsgId xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/apps/fnd/XMLGateway">BD4EAD91E76051D5E0440021287448DA</ResponseMsgId>
    <ResponseInfo xmlns="http://xmlns.oracle.com/apps/fnd/XMLGateway">Document received and pushed into queue for asynchronous processing. Enqueued message id is 'BD4EAD91E76051D5E0440021287448DA'.</ResponseInfo>
    </ReceiveDocument_Response>
    </env:Body>
    </env:Envelope>
    But the problem is the message that has been got in B can't store into the database yet.
    I had already changed the Queue in the XML Gateway -> Define Transaction, from APPLSYS.ECX_IN_OAG_Q (this is for OXTA) to APPLSYS.WF_WS_JMS_IN.
    After I invoke the webservice and the SOAP message has been got in B, I checked APPLSYS.WF_WS_JMS_IN in database and there is 1 record, the value of USER_DATA column is:
    ((, , , , , , ((BES_EVENT_NAME, 100, oracle.apps.fnd.wf.ws.inbound.xmltx.receive, , 27), (BES_EVENT_KEY, 100, 796550960, , 27), (BES_PRIORITY, 200, , 1, 23), (BES_FROM_AGENT, 100, [email protected], , 27), (BES_TO_AGENT, 100, [email protected], , 27), (MSG_ID, 100, 1334117503435, , 27), (ECX_MESSAGE_TYPE, 100, XML, , 27), (ECX_MESSAGE_STANDARD, 100, OAG, , 27), (ECX_PARTY_SITE_ID, 100, 142, , 27), (WS_PORT_OPERATION, 100, ReceiveDocument, , 27), (ECX_TRIGGER_ID, 100, 7101, , 27), (UserId, 100, 3020, , 27), (ECX_USERNAME, 100, CONS.ADE, , 27), (ECX_TRANSACTION_SUBTYPE, 100, ORDER_DETAILS_XO, , 27), (ECX_PASSWORD, 100, CONS.ADE, , 27), (ECX_DOCUMENT_NUMBER, 100, 9285, , 27), (BES_PAYLOAD_OBJECT, 100, false, , 27), (ECX_ATTACHMENTS, 100, , , 27), (ECX_TRANSACTION_TYPE, 100, XKLB, , 27), , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , )), 0, , )
    When I tried to select APPLSYS.WF_WS_JMS_IN for the 2nd time, there is no result, which means the business event has been triggered, right?
    So in this point I still don't have any idea why the process is (likely) ended after enter the Queue and the message can't store into B's database yet.
    Do I miss any setup when changing from OXTA into SOAP protocol to send XML message?
    Any urgent help most appreciated.
    Best Regards,
    Rheza

    Hi,
    Did you ever get any answers to this? We are thinking about the same thing.
    Thanks
    Darma
    [email protected]

  • How to use XML fragment in BPEL?

    Hello,
    How to use XML fragment in BPEL process and whats the purpose of XML fragment ? And why we need it ??

    It is used to build up an XML fragment to the element on the target side...
    please refer this link....
    http://kr.forums.oracle.com/forums/thread.jspa?threadID=2252997&tstart=2
    Thanks,
    N

  • Using XML As A Storage Mechanism

    Hi All,
    There seem to be some good examples of using the event driven XML parser for reading XML, but I can't find any examples of how to write out xml. Is there any documentation or objects in iPhone for writing out XML documents?
    Thanks
    Ray

    I really can't speak for Apple. And I may have misunderstood your original question, since I thought it was only about the iPhone. If you're only asking why there's no XML writer on the iPhone I can only guess it's because the priorities for a mobile device are quite different from those of a desktop. In any case I can well imagine that Apple didn't want to hold up the first SDK release in order to add an XML writer. Maybe it's planned for the future.

Maybe you are looking for