Why dont we like hard coded literald

Hello Abapler,
I am planning a workshop for developers concerning guidelines. They shall use less hard coding.
But...  Why ?
It is clear for me in cases of translation. But what other reasons are there.
Do you have any source, ideas, examples ?
We are working with classic Abap and little OO
Thanks for every help !
Simone

>
Paul Chapman wrote:
> Also, if you have to change it and it's used in more then one place, you only need change it in one.
And if you used hard coding you will have to change it not only in several places but in all places. And most likely you will forget to change one place. The results can be strange...
One thing I would like to add: Most likely your developers will produce bugs once in a while. Or if they are perfect someone will try to use their programs for something they were not developed for. In the end you (or them) will have to debug the source code. And it's helping a lot if you can just search for a constant by it's name. If you just see in the code of somebody else that a 'magic' parameter is set to 42 you will have a really bad time to find all other places where 42 is used with the same intention.
But this are all reasons that are not restricted to ABAP. It's true in every programming language. And there is one easy way to teach a programmer not to use hard coding whenever he can avoid it without major performance drawbacks: Just let him do maintainance for some weeks...
Best regards,
Jan Stallkamp

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              d_retail_dest r, d_product p,
              CPS_ORDER_DETAILS o,
              f_retail_revenue f
              where
              l.date_key = f.call_date_key and
              g.geography_key = f.geography_key and
              r.dest_key = f.dest_key and
              p.product_key = f.product_key and
              --c.customer_key = f.customer_key and
              d.customer_key = f.customer_key and
              t.contract_key = f.contract_key and
              s.SUBSCRIBER_KEY = f.SUBSCRIBER_KEY and
              o.org_id(+) = AR_OrgId and
              g.country_code = pCountry and
              l.actual_date >= startdate and
              l.actual_date <= (startdate + 90) and
              o.cli(+) = s.area_subno and
              p.product_code in ('800','801','802','804','820','821')
              group by
              l.actual_date,
              o.city||o.zipcode, g.country_code,d.customer_name, d.customer_number,t.contrno,r.dest_level3, p.product_code;
    Type CountryTabType is Table of country_traffic_details.Country%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type CallDateTabType is Table of country_traffic_details.CALL_DATE%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type CustomerNameTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Customer_name%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type CustomerNumberTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Customer_number%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type BcnTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Bcn%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type DestinationTypeTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.DESTINATION_TYPE%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type ProductCodeTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Product_Code%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type ProductTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Product%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type DurationTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Duration%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type DebamounteurTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.DEBAMOUNTEUR%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    Type SiteTabType is Table of Country_traffic_details.Site%Type index by BINARY_INTEGER;
    CountryArr CountryTabType;
    CallDateArr CallDateTabType;
    Customer_NameArr CustomerNameTabType;
    CustomerNumberArr CustomerNumberTabType;
    BCNArr BCNTabType;
    DESTINATION_TYPEArr DESTINATIONTYPETabType;
    PRODUCT_CODEArr PRODUCTCODETabType;
    PRODUCTArr PRODUCTTabType;
    DurationArr DurationTabType;
    DebamounteurArr DebamounteurTabType;
    SiteArr SiteTabType;
    Begin
         startdate := (trunc(pWeekStartDate) + 6) - 90;
         Exe_Pos := 1;
         Execute Immediate 'Truncate table country_traffic_details';
         dropIndexes('country_traffic_details');
         Exe_Pos := 2;
         /* Set org ID's as per AR */
         case (pCountry)
         when 'FR' then AR_OrgId := 81;
         when 'AT' then AR_OrgId := 125;
         when 'CH' then AR_OrgId := 126;
         when 'DE' then AR_OrgId := 127;
         when 'ES' then AR_OrgId := 123;
         when 'IT' then AR_OrgId := 122;
         when 'PT' then AR_OrgId := 124;
         when 'BE' then AR_OrgId := 132;
         when 'IE' then AR_OrgId := 128;
         when 'DK' then AR_OrgId := 133;
         when 'NL' then AR_OrgId := 129;
         when 'SE' then AR_OrgId := 130;
         when 'UK' then AR_OrgId := 131;
         else raise_application_error (-20003, 'No such Country Code Exists.');
         end case;
         Exe_Pos := 3;
    dbms_output.put_line('3: '||to_char(sysdate, 'HH24:MI:SS'));
         populateOrderDetails(AR_OrgId);
    dbms_output.put_line('4: '||to_char(sysdate, 'HH24:MI:SS'));
         Exe_Pos := 4;
         Open cTraffic;
         Loop
         Exe_Pos := 5;
         CallDateArr.delete;
    FETCH cTraffic BULK COLLECT
              INTO CallDateArr, SiteArr, CountryArr, Customer_NameArr,CustomerNumberArr,
              BCNArr,DESTINATION_TYPEArr,PRODUCT_CODEArr, PRODUCTArr, DurationArr, DebamounteurArr LIMIT arraySize;
              EXIT WHEN CallDateArr.first IS NULL;
                   Exe_pos := 6;
                        FORALL i IN 1..callDateArr.last
                        insert into country_traffic_details
                        values(CallDateArr(i), CountryArr(i), Customer_NameArr(i),CustomerNumberArr(i),
                        BCNArr(i),DESTINATION_TYPEArr(i),PRODUCT_CODEArr(i), PRODUCTArr(i), DurationArr(i),
                        DebamounteurArr(i), SiteArr(i));
                        Exe_pos := 7;
    dbms_output.put_line('7: '||to_char(sysdate, 'HH24:MI:SS'));
         EXIT WHEN ctraffic%NOTFOUND;
    END LOOP;
         commit;
    Exe_Pos := 8;
              commit;
    dbms_output.put_line('8: '||to_char(sysdate, 'HH24:MI:SS'));
              lSql := 'CREATE INDEX COUNTRY_TRAFFIC_DETAILS_CUSTNO ON country_traffic_details (CUSTOMER_NUMBER)';
              execDDl(lSql);
              lSql := 'CREATE INDEX COUNTRY_TRAFFIC_DETAILS_BCN ON country_traffic_details (BCN)';
              execDDl(lSql);
              lSql := 'CREATE INDEX COUNTRY_TRAFFIC_DETAILS_PRODCD ON country_traffic_details (PRODUCT_CODE)';
              execDDl(lSql);
              lSql := 'CREATE INDEX COUNTRY_TRAFFIC_DETAILS_SITE ON country_traffic_details (SITE)';
              execDDl(lSql);
              lSql := 'CREATE INDEX COUNTRY_TRAFFIC_DETAILS_DESTYP ON country_traffic_details (DESTINATION_TYPE)';
              execDDl(lSql);
              Exe_Pos:= 9;
    dbms_output.put_line('9: '||to_char(sysdate, 'HH24:MI:SS'));
    Exception
         When Others then
         raise_application_error(-20003, 'Error in populateCountryTrafficDetails at Position: '||Exe_Pos||' The Error is '||SQLERRM);
    End populateCountryTrafficDetails;
    In the above procedure if i substitute the values with hard coded values i.e. AR_orgid = 123 & pcountry = 'Austria' then it runs faster.
    Please let me know why it is so ?
    Thanks in advance.

  • Why is it so hard to do things right the first time?

    My company is no longer providing Blackberry phones to its employees.  So I decided to upgrade my personal phone, change my plan and try to minimize my monthly bill increase.  I went with the S4, share everything with 4GB of data.  I questioned the sales associate, "will this work with Good Messaging service?  I have the feature number if needed."  The associate said, "No it will work fine."  He then asked another associate, "Right, Good Messaging will work with this share everything plan?" and the other associate confirmed.  Walked out with my new phone, plan change and a $10 a month increase.  When I got home I set up the Good Messaging app and work emails were available.  I didn't have a good feeling about the associate having to ask again and before I decommissioned the Blackberry I wanted to triple check the Good Messaging/Enterprise data feature was part of my plan.  I opened up a chat with an online associate and asked the same question...  "Can you please verify the feature...?"  Online associate again confirmed, "Yes, this feature is included in your plan.".  I arrived at work the next day and received an email from the company support team stating that my Good Messaging service had been set up, but that my wireless plan did not appear to have the "feature" included.  The email requested that I call Verizon and ask them to add the feature.  I contacted Verizon immediately, informed them of the situation and conversations with other associates, the phone associate verified that I did not have the feature on my plan.  She then added the feature and noted that this would increase my monthly bill by $15, asked if there was anything else, nope, and asked that I have a great day! 
    I'm frustrated simply because 3 Verizon employees verified that this feature was included in my plan!  I'm not sure why it is so hard to do things right the first time.

    Update:  A couple of weeks ago I called Verizon back again after speaking with my company.  The woman on the phone was very apologetic after hearing the story above.  I then stated that people at my company reconfirmed that the service should be $5 not $15.  She took a minute to look up the feature and said it didn't appear to be available to me for $5, but was fully aware of the feature being available for $5.  She stated that she would credit my account for $10 and find out how to add the service at $5 and contact me when this was done.  Finally, I felt like I got some progress.
    A couple of days later I received a phone from a VZW specialist (or some other title, don't recall).  The gentlemen asked about the past issues if I still had any concerns.  I stated the previous person I had spoke with provided me with a $10 credit and was working on adding the feature for $5.  I asked if he could confirm.  He pulled up my account and stated the feature was not available to me for $5.  I read him the announcement from my company regarding the "special plan" they had worked out with Verizon and he stated my account was still showing under a previous company that I had worked for.  He then proceeded to say that this was probably the reason why the $5 feature was not available to me and that I should which my account to my current company.  The next day I tried to switch my account to my current company and I kept getting an error message stating that I needed to contact support.
    I finally got around to contacting support today and mentioned that I was trying to switch my account to my current company discount plan.  I told him that I was unsuccessful trying on line.  He pulled up my account and checked if my current company had a discount available.  He couldn't find any discounts.  While he was on the phone I went online and filled out the getdiscounts form.  Got the email to my corp email and read off the discount amounts from the email.  I then tried to make the changes online again and it worked.  He verified the change had taken place and I asked him to confirm that the good messaging service was showing at $5.  Nope it was still showing as $15.  I briefly informed him of the history and asked me to hold.  Came back about 30 seconds later and stated the feature is $15 for my account and there is no $5 feature. 
    So after 10+ years of loyal service to Verizon, I've almost completely lost all confidence in their ability to service correctly the first time. 

  • All I want to do is upgrade two phones ... WHY IS THIS SO HARD?  And, WHY CAN'T VERIZON DO THIS???!!!

    In the past month, I've spoken to dozens of Verizon reps on the phone, been disconnected a few times, been at 4 different stores, been told several different things by EVERYONE, been told "oh sure, we can do that" only to be told by someone else "no we can't" ... how can you run a business like this??!!!
    I AM SO FRUSTRATED RIGHT NOW I COULD SCREAM!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
    First, it was because our account was listed as a monthly paid cash account,
    then, it was because we were trying to get phones at a franchise store,
    then, it was because our account was set up as a business account (according to the Verizon rep I met at Wal-Mart, even though the Vz reps on the phone tell me it's listed as a personal account AND I sign onto our account as a personal account)
    then, we were told to order our upgrades on over the phone (but then we were told we would have to pay for the phones and wait for a debit card rebate to be mailed to us, which my husband does not want to do)
    then, we were told to order the upgrade phones online, but every time I try I get a processing error,
    then, the computer tells us to call a specific phone number if we believe the error was not right,
    then, the phone recording message repeats itself through multiple options TWICE and then hangs up on me,
    then, I call another Verizon number and get a "helpful" rep who tells me we can order them on the phone ... only to come back to me after being on hold and telling me they have gone home for the day,
    then, I try to get help online at Verizon.com and NO ONE IS AVAILABLE TO HELP ME.
    I've been to Wal-Mart 3 or 4 times, been to the local franchise store, been to a store in the Chicago area, and have spoken with Verizon reps on the phone until I'm blue, and, still ... STILL ... I don't have new phones.
    (removed) ALL I WANT IS TO UPGRADE OUR 2 PHONES ... WHY IS THIS SO HARD???!!!
    We have been a Verizon customer for over 16 years, apparently that means NOTHING.
    Edited as required by the Verizon Wireless Terms of Service
    Message was edited by: Admin Moderator

    That is because the people who edit the posts are NOT CS agents but instead are people who are employed by the vendor Verizon has contracted to host the forum. I don't even believe they are Verizon employees, but employees of the Jive forum platform.
    For example, if a Verizon store had an electrician repairing the lighting in one of their stores, you wouldn't necessarily walk in and expect them to get off their ladder to assist you with information about a phone since they had nothing better to do than to work on the lights.  First of all, they aren't salesmen or CS agents. Second, they may not even have the capability to give you the assistance you are requesting.

  • Why is it so hard to get Verizon to offer an alternative phone?

    Hello,
    I've been lurking this board for a long time, and my Fascinate has had nothing but problems.
    1. The phone randomly decides to hit the back button on it's own multiple times, resulting in screencaptures.  This has not been fixed for me no matter what apps I use or how many times I reset my phone.  Have you ever been in a college library and tried to put your phone in standby only to hear the camera shutter noise? Everyone thinks you're creepy and that you're taking pictures of strangers. It's an embarassment.
    2. Sometimes when I hit the phone icon it takes me to a black screen. Let me tell you: My cellPHONE will not let me make PHONE calls. This makes the device completely useless. 
    3. Sometimes I send texts to about 15 different people to confirm plans for the night, get no response at all. No texts from anybody. I wake up the next morning thinking I did something wrong and ruined relationships until I do a battery pull. Then when it starts back up it SENDS THEM THEN. Then I get a ton of confused friends wondering where I was and why they never heard back from me. 
    4. I have 4 different friends with the SAME EXACT ISSUES on this SAME EXACT MODEL of phone.
    I am fully updated and I have never rooted this phone.
    Why is it so hard for verizon to just send me a refurbished Droid X2 or Incredible 2? It can't cost that much more! 
    Please, if any verizon employee sees this I would love if you could help me out. The people I've spoken to on the phone only offered to send me another Fascinate. It's NOT what I need. I have been a Verizon customer for a long time and I'm thoroughly disappointed that you can't help me out by kicking me a refurb of a different model. 

    Hello ILikeColdPizza!
    Sounds like you've gone through a great deal of trouble with your device.  I would like to see if we can get your phone working the way it should.
    The manufacturers warranty is a no cost option that replaces the device with the same make and model, considering the device is experiencing an electrical/mechanical defect.  This is what the manufacturers cover under the standard one year warranty.  When your device does not function as intended and is defective, we intern lift this up to the manufacturer to recoup our losses.  This is the reason for the same model exchange policy.  In the meantime, I would like to further troubleshoot your device to ensure we've resolved all the issues you're experiencing.
    Have you confirmed your Fascinate is running the most recent software version?  The current version would be i500.EH03, which is Gingerbread.  If not, please update software.  A lot of the issues you are experiencing were resolved in the latest update.  If you are still experiencing issues with your device after updating the software, please let me know so I can go over other options.

  • Output type for the managed codes cut letter is hard coded

    Hello,
    Very Good afternoon!
    I have a requirement to create new Output Types for a Smart Form.
    The already existing Output types are hard coded as shown Below :
    CONSTANTS : c_kschl_order LIKE nast-kschl
                             VALUE 'ZUS0',
                c_kschl_order1 LIKE nast-kschl
                             VALUE 'ZUS1',
    Now they do not want to use ZUS1. Insted they wnat to use New Output Types.
    u2022 Remove ZUS1 as we no longer use this one.
    u2022     Add ZAU0
    u2022     Add ZNZ0
    u2022     Add ZJP0
    u2022     Add ZCN0
    u2022     Add ZKR0
    How to add these Output types without Hardcoding as shown ABove.
    Any Suggestions will be appreciated.....
    For reference..I will paste the code of the Program here.
    Here is the code  :
                     PROGRAM DECLARATION
    PROGRAM ID           Z_RVADOR01_SALES_CUT_LETTER
    TABLES: vbak,    "Sales Document: Header Data
           vbap,    "Sales Document: Item Data
           vbpa,    "Sales Document: Partner
           vbep,    "Sales Document: Schedule Line Data
           kna1,    "General Data in Customer Master
           MARA,    "Material Master
            KOMK,                          "Communicationarea for conditions
            KOMP,                          "Communicationarea for conditions
            KOMVD,                         "Communicationarea for conditions
            VBCO3,                         "Communicationarea for view
            VBDKA,                         "Headerview
            VBDPA,                         "Itemview
            VBDPAU,                        "Subitemnumbers
            CONF_OUT,                      "Configuration data
            SADR,                          "Addresses
            TVAG,                          "Reason for rejection
            VEDKA,                         "Servicecontract head data
            VEDPA,                         "Servicecontract position data
            VEDKN,                         "Servicecontract head notice data
            VEDPN,                         "Servicecontract pos. notice data
            RISERLS,                       "Serialnumbers
            KOMSER,                        "Serialnumbers for print
            TVBUR,                         "Sales office
            TVKO,                          "Sales organisation
            ADRS,                          "Communicationarea for Address
            FPLTDR,                        "billing schedules
            WTAD_ADDIS_IN_SO_PRINT,        "additional
            WTAD_BUYING_PRINT_EXTRA_TEXT,  "texts belonging to additional
            adrc,
            adr6,
            t247.
    INCLUDE RVADTABL.
    INCLUDE RVDIREKT.
    INCLUDE VEDADATA.
    data for access to central address maintenance
    INCLUDE SDZAVDAT.
    TYPE-POOLS: ADDI.
    DATA PRICE_PRINT_MODE(1) TYPE C.       "Print-mode
    DATA: RETCODE   LIKE SY-SUBRC.         "Returncode
    DATA: REPEAT(1) TYPE C.
    DATA: XSCREEN(1) TYPE C.               "Output on printer or screen
    DATA: BEGIN OF STEU,                   "Controldata for output
            VDKEX(1) TYPE C,
            VDPEX(1) TYPE C,
            KBKEX(1) TYPE C,
            KBPEX(1) TYPE C,
          END OF STEU.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TVBDPA OCCURS 0.        "Internal table for items
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VBDPA.
    DATA: END OF TVBDPA.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMV OCCURS 50.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE KOMV.
    DATA: END OF TKOMV.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMVD OCCURS 50.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE KOMVD.
    DATA: END OF TKOMVD.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TVBDPAU OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VBDPAU.
    DATA: END   OF TVBDPAU.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMCON OCCURS 50.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE CONF_OUT.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMCON.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSERVH OCCURS 1.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VEDKA.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSERVH.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSERVP OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VEDPA.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSERVP.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSERVHN OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VEDKN.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSERVHN.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSERVPN OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE VEDPN.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSERVPN.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSER OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE RISERLS.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSER.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TKOMSER_PRINT OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE KOMSER.
    DATA: END   OF TKOMSER_PRINT.
    DATA: BEGIN OF TFPLTDR OCCURS 5.
            INCLUDE STRUCTURE FPLTDR.
    DATA: END   OF TFPLTDR.
    DATA: TADDI_PRINT TYPE ADDI_SO_PRINT_ITAB WITH HEADER LINE.
    TYPES:BEGIN OF ty_orders ,
         xblnr    LIKE  mkpf-xblnr,       "delivery number
         erfmg    LIKE  mseg-erfmg,       "goods issue quantity
         custname LIKE  kna1-name1,       "customer name
         bstnk    LIKE  vbak-bstnk,       "purchase order number
         ean11    LIKE  vbap-ean11,       "upc
         kdmat    LIKE  vbap-kdmat,       "customer material code
         arktx    LIKE  vbap-arktx,       "description
         csrno    LIKE  kna1-kunnr,       "customer service rep number
         spras    LIKE  kna1-spras,       "customer language key
         csrname  LIKE  kna1-name1,       "customer service rep name
         csremail LIKE  adr6-smtp_addr,   "csr email
         csrphone LIKE  kna1-telf1,       "csr telephone
         csrext   LIKE  adrc-tel_extens,  "csr extension
         csrfax   LIKE  kna1-telfx,       "csr fax
         total    LIKE  lips-lfimg,       "cut quantity
         ldate(18)    TYPE c,
       END OF ty_orders.
    CONSTANTS: c_kschl_order LIKE nast-kschl
                             VALUE 'ZUS0',
                c_kschl_order1 LIKE nast-kschl
                             VALUE 'ZUS1',            c_parvw_shipto LIKE vbpa-parvw
                             VALUE 'WE',
                c_parvw_csr    LIKE vbpa-parvw
                             VALUE 'ZS',
                 c_eng(1)       TYPE c VALUE 'E',
                 c_sep(1)       TYPE c VALUE '/',
                 c_sale(25) type c VALUE 'Sales Order'.
    DATA: WA_VBAK TYPE VBAK,
          tbl_ord TYPE ty_orders OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
          w_csrname(30)  TYPE c,
         w_csrno(30)    TYPE c,
         w_email    LIKE adr6-smtp_addr,
         f_shipto_found     TYPE c,
         w_custname(30) TYPE c,
         w_month(2),
         w_ldate(18),
         w_total LIKE lips-lfimg,
         w_lines        TYPE i VALUE 0,
         f_mail(1)  TYPE c,
         cnt_1          TYPE i VALUE 0,
         cnt_2          TYPE i VALUE 0,
         tbl_otf     LIKE itcoo OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
         w_type(25)     TYPE c,
         st_doc_data   LIKE sodocchgi1,
         tbl_objtxt    LIKE solisti1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_line      LIKE tline OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_attach    LIKE solisti1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_objhead   LIKE solisti1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_proc_para LIKE soparai1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_maillist  LIKE somlreci1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_pack_list LIKE sopcklsti1 OCCURS 10 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_cpo      LIKE itcpo OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,"SAPscript output
                                                                " interface
         tbl_cpp LIKE itcpp OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,"SAPscript output
                                                       " parameters
         tbl_smtp  TYPE szadr_adsmtp_line OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_cdhdpos LIKE cdshw OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
         tbl_cdpos LIKE cdshw OCCURS 0 WITH HEADER LINE,
         wrk_lines LIKE sy-tabix,
         hltlines   TYPE i,
         off1       TYPE p,
         fle1(2)    TYPE p,
         fle2(2)    TYPE p,
         htabix     LIKE sy-tabix,
         hfeld(500) TYPE c.
    FORM ENTRY USING RETURN_CODE US_SCREEN.
    if sy-tcode = 'VA01'.
      IF nast-kschl = c_kschl_order.
      SELECT SINGLE * FROM VBAK INTO WA_VBAK WHERE vbeln = nast-objky.
      IF SY-SUBRC = 0.
      CLEAR RETCODE.
      XSCREEN = US_SCREEN.
      PERFORM PROCESSING USING us_screen.
      IF RETCODE NE 0.
        RETURN_CODE = 1.
      ELSE.
        RETURN_CODE = 0.
      ENDIF.
       ELSE.
          retcode = sy-subrc.
          syst-msgid = 'ZVERROR'.
          syst-msgno = '000'.
          syst-msgty = 'E'.
          syst-msgv1 = NAST-KSCHL.
         syst-msgv1 = 'Sales Order cut letter
                       for this order already issued'.
         syst-msgv2 = ' '.
          PERFORM protocol_update.
        ENDIF.
    ELSE.
        CLEAR retcode.
        xscreen = us_screen.
        PERFORM processing USING us_screen.
        IF retcode NE 0.
          return_code = 1.
        ELSE.
          return_code = 0.
        ENDIF.
      ENDIF.
    endif.
    ENDFORM.
          FORM PROCESSING                                               *
    FORM PROCESSING USING proc_screen.
    CASE nast-kschl.
        WHEN c_kschl_order.
          PERFORM get_orders.
          CHECK retcode = 0.
          PERFORM openform USING proc_screen vbak-landtx.
          CHECK retcode = 0.
          PERFORM layout.
          CHECK retcode = 0.
          CHECK proc_screen NE 'X'.
          w_type = c_sale.
          PERFORM send_email USING proc_screen.
      WHEN c_kschl_order1.
         PERFORM get_orders.
         CHECK retcode = 0.
         CHECK proc_screen NE 'X'.
         w_type = c_sale.
         PERFORM send_email USING proc_screen.
       WHEN OTHERS.
          retcode = 1.
          syst-msgid = 'E0'.
          syst-msgno = '430'.
          syst-msgty = 'E'.
          PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDCASE.
      IF retcode EQ 0.
        syst-msgid = '69'.
        syst-msgno = '254'.
        syst-msgty = 'S'.
        syst-msgv1 = nast-kschl.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ELSE.
        syst-msgid = 'CKCC'.
        syst-msgno = '036'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.
          FORM PROTOCOL_UPDATE                                          *
          The messages are collected for the processing protocol.       *
    FORM PROTOCOL_UPDATE.
      IF xscreen EQ space.
        CALL FUNCTION 'NAST_PROTOCOL_UPDATE'
           EXPORTING
                MSG_ARBGB = SYST-MSGID
                MSG_NR    = SYST-MSGNO
                MSG_TY    = SYST-MSGTY
                MSG_V1    = SYST-MSGV1
                MSG_V2    = SYST-MSGV2
                MSG_V3    = SYST-MSGV3
                MSG_V4    = SYST-MSGV4
           EXCEPTIONS
                OTHERS    = 1.
       ELSE.
        MESSAGE ID sy-msgid TYPE sy-msgty NUMBER sy-msgno
                WITH sy-msgv1 sy-msgv2 sy-msgv3 sy-msgv4.
       ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.
    *&      Form  get_orders
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM get_orders.
    DATA : f_csr_found        TYPE c.
    SELECT SINGLE vbeln vkorg vdatu bstnk kunnr
        FROM   vbak
        INTO  (vbak-vbeln,vbak-vkorg,vbak-vdatu,vbak-bstnk,vbak-kunnr)
        WHERE vbeln EQ nast-objky.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'VN'.
        syst-msgno = '203'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        syst-msgv1 = 'VBAK'.
        syst-msgv2 = sy-subrc.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
      SELECT vbeln posnr matnr pmatn arktx abgru kdmat werks
      FROM vbap
      INTO (vbap-vbeln,vbap-posnr,vbap-matnr,vbap-pmatn,
    vbap-arktx,vbap-abgru,vbap-kdmat,vbap-werks)
      WHERE vbeln = vbak-vbeln
      AND abgru NE space "select items havng Rejection Reason
      and PSTYV NE 'ZHDR'.
    to check whether the reason for rejection was picked from the
    managed codes tables
    data: war_abgru type abgru,
          w_exist type c.
    clear : war_abgru, w_exist.
      select single abgru  from ZMAT_REJ002
                    into war_abgru
                    where vkorg = vbak-vkorg
                    and kunnr <> vbak-kunnr
                    and MATNR = vbap-matnr
                    and datef <= vbak-vdatu
                    and datet >= vbak-vdatu.
       if sy-subrc <> 0.
             select single abgru from ZMAT_REJ003
                              into war_abgru
                              where vkorg = vbak-vkorg
                              and kunnr <> vbak-kunnr
                              and MATNR = vbap-matnr
                              and datef <= vbak-vdatu
                              and datet >= vbak-vdatu.
             if sy-subrc <> 0.
                    select single abgru from ZMAT_REJ001
                              into war_abgru
                              where vkorg = vbak-vkorg
                              and werks <> vbap-werks
                              and matnr = vbap-matnr
                              and datef <= vbak-vdatu
                              and datet >= vbak-vdatu.
                    if sy-subrc <> 0.
                         select single abgru from ZMAT_REJ004
                                             into war_abgru
                                             where vkorg = vbak-vkorg
                                             and matnr = vbap-matnr
                                             and datef >= vbak-vdatu
                                             and datet <= vbak-vdatu.
                         if sy-subrc <> 0.
                         else.
                         w_exist = 'X'.
                         endif.
                   else.
                   w_exist = 'X'.
                   endif.
             else.
             w_exist = 'X'.
             endif.
       else.
       w_exist = 'X'.
       endif.
    if w_exist = 'X'.
    end for check from managed codes table
    *to find the quantity fields
        SELECT SINGLE wmeng bmeng
        FROM vbep
        INTO (vbep-wmeng,vbep-bmeng)
        WHERE vbeln EQ vbap-vbeln
        AND   posnr EQ vbap-posnr.
    *to get info about the customer
        SELECT SINGLE kunnr
        FROM vbpa
        INTO vbpa-kunnr
        WHERE  vbeln EQ vbak-vbeln
        AND    parvw EQ c_parvw_shipto.
         IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
          f_shipto_found = 'X'.
          SELECT SINGLE name1 spras
            FROM kna1
            INTO (kna1-name1,kna1-spras)
            WHERE kunnr EQ vbpa-kunnr.
          IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
            w_custname = kna1-name1.
            CLEAR kna1-name1.
          ENDIF.
         ENDIF.
         SELECT SINGLE kunnr
        FROM vbpa
        INTO vbpa-kunnr
        WHERE vbeln EQ vbak-vbeln
        AND   parvw EQ c_parvw_csr.
        IF SY-SUBRC EQ 0.
         f_csr_found = 'X'.
          SELECT SINGLE kunnr name1 name2 adrnr
           FROM kna1
           INTO (kna1-kunnr,kna1-name1,kna1-name2,
                 kna1-adrnr)
           WHERE  kunnr EQ vbpa-kunnr.
          IF sy-subrc EQ 0.
            w_csrno = kna1-kunnr.
            w_csrname = kna1-name1.
            CLEAR kna1-name1.
               SELECT SINGLE tel_number tel_extens fax_number
                 FROM adrc
                 INTO (adrc-tel_number,adrc-tel_extens,
       adrc-fax_number)
                 WHERE addrnumber EQ kna1-adrnr.
            CLEAR: adr6, w_email.
            SELECT SINGLE * FROM adr6 WHERE addrnumber = kna1-adrnr.
            IF sy-subrc = 0.
              w_email = adr6-smtp_addr.
            ENDIF.
          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
    *to get the date format in french
        IF kna1-spras NE c_eng.
          w_month = sy-datum+4(2).
          SELECT SINGLE ltx
            FROM t247
            INTO t247-ltx
            WHERE spras EQ kna1-spras
            AND mnr EQ w_month.
          CONCATENATE sy-datum+6(2)
                      t247-ltx
                      sy-datum+0(4)
                      INTO w_ldate
                      SEPARATED BY space.
          ELSE.
          CONCATENATE sy-datum+4(2)
                      sy-datum+6(2)
                      sy-datum+0(4)
                      INTO w_ldate
                      SEPARATED BY c_sep.
        ENDIF.
        w_total = vbep-wmeng - vbep-bmeng.
         IF w_total GT 0.
         PERFORM fill_orders.
        ELSE.
          IF vbap-abgru NE space.
            w_total = vbep-wmeng.
            PERFORM fill_orders.
          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
        CLEAR vbap.
        endif.           " check for w_exist for Managed Codes entry
    ENDSELECT.
    IF tbl_ord[] IS INITIAL.
        retcode = 1.
        syst-msgid = 'FZ'.
        syst-msgno = '027'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
      IF f_csr_found IS INITIAL.
        syst-msgid = '8B'.
        syst-msgno = '127'.
        syst-msgty = 'W'.
        syst-msgv1 = c_parvw_csr.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
      IF f_shipto_found IS INITIAL.
        syst-msgid = '8B'.
        syst-msgno = '127'.
        syst-msgty = 'W'.
        syst-msgv1 = c_parvw_shipto.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " get_orders
    *&      Form  layout
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM layout.
    SORT tbl_ord BY bstnk kdmat.
      LOOP AT tbl_ord.
        AT FIRST.
          PERFORM writeform_text.
        ENDAT.
        PERFORM writeform.
        AT LAST.
          PERFORM writeform_footer.
        ENDAT.
      ENDLOOP.
      CLEAR : cnt_1,cnt_2.
      PERFORM closeform.
    ENDFORM.                    " layout
    *&      Form  openform
          text
    FORM openform USING us_screen us_country.
    DESCRIBE TABLE tbl_ord LINES w_lines.
      IF w_lines EQ 0.
        retcode    = '1'.
        syst-msgid = 'FE'.
        syst-msgno = '078'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
      CHECK retcode EQ 0.
    INCLUDE zrvadopfo.
    ENDFORM.                    " openform
    *&      Form  send_email
          text
         -->P_PROC_SCREEN  text
    FORM send_email USING    PROC_SCREEN.
    f_mail = 'X'.
      PERFORM openform USING proc_screen vbak-landtx.
      LOOP AT tbl_ord.
        AT FIRST.
          PERFORM writeform_text.
        ENDAT.
        PERFORM writeform.
        AT LAST.
          PERFORM writeform_footer.
        ENDAT.
      ENDLOOP.
      CLEAR cnt_2.
      PERFORM closeform.
      CALL FUNCTION 'CONVERT_OTF'
           EXPORTING
                format                = 'PDF'  "'ASCII'
           IMPORTING
                bin_filesize          = st_doc_data-doc_size
           TABLES
                otf                   = tbl_otf
                lines                 = tbl_line
           EXCEPTIONS                                           "DEVK912166
                err_max_linewidth     = 1
                err_format            = 2
                err_conv_not_possible = 3
                OTHERS                = 4.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'OA'.                                      "DEVK912166
        syst-msgno = '186'.                                     "DEVK912166
        syst-msgty = 'E'.                                       "DEVK912166
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
      REFRESH tbl_objtxt.
      CLEAR tbl_objtxt.
      CLEAR tbl_proc_para.
      REFRESH tbl_proc_para.
      CLEAR tbl_maillist.
      REFRESH tbl_maillist.
      CLEAR tbl_pack_list.
      REFRESH tbl_pack_list.
      st_doc_data-obj_name   = 'Sales Order Cut Letter'.
      st_doc_data-obj_langu   = 'E'.                            "DEVK905849
      st_doc_data-sensitivty  = 'F'.                            "DEVK905849
      st_doc_data-obj_prio    =  1.                             "DEVK905849
      CONCATENATE w_type 'Cut Letter' INTO          "#EC NOTEXT
                                  st_doc_data-obj_descr  SEPARATED BY space.
      DATA w_line(3) TYPE c.
      PERFORM format_pdf.                                       "DEVK905849
      concatenate VBAK-VBELN '.PDF' into tbl_objhead.
    tbl_objhead = 'Sales Order Cut Letter.PDF'.
      APPEND tbl_objhead.
           "DEVK905849
      CLEAR wrk_lines.
      DESCRIBE TABLE tbl_attach LINES wrk_lines.
    fields needed for email
      tbl_maillist-com_type = 'INT'.
      tbl_maillist-receiver =  w_email.
      tbl_maillist-rec_type = 'U'.
      APPEND tbl_maillist.
    send email
      CALL FUNCTION 'SO_NEW_DOCUMENT_SEND_API1'
                                      STARTING NEW TASK 'MAIL'
           EXPORTING
                document_data              = st_doc_data
                document_type              = 'PDF'
                COMMIT_WORK                = 'X'    " added after ECC6.0 upgrade
           TABLES
                object_header              = tbl_objhead
                object_content             = tbl_objtxt
                receivers                  = tbl_maillist
           EXCEPTIONS                                           "DEVK912166
                too_many_receivers         = 1
                document_not_sent          = 2
                document_type_not_exist    = 3
                operation_no_authorization = 4
                parameter_error            = 5
                x_error                    = 6
                enqueue_error              = 7
                OTHERS                     = 8
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'ZA_G'.                                    "DEVK912166
        syst-msgno = '922'.                                     "DEVK912166
        syst-msgty = 'E'.                                       "DEVK912166
        syst-msgv1 = sy-subrc.                                  "DEVK912166
        syst-msgv2 = tbl_smtp-adsmtp-smtp_addr.                 "DEVK912166
        PERFORM protocol_update.
        syst-msgid = 'VW'.
        syst-msgno = '001'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        syst-msgv1 = 'Print successful:email Recepient Invalid'."#EC NOTEXT
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " send_email
    *&      Form  fill_orders
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM fill_orders.
    tbl_ord-bstnk    = vbak-bstnk.
      tbl_ord-kdmat    = vbap-kdmat.
      tbl_ord-xblnr    = vbak-vbeln.
      tbl_ord-ean11    = vbap-pmatn.
      tbl_ord-arktx    = vbap-arktx.
      tbl_ord-csrno    = w_csrno .
      tbl_ord-csremail = w_email.
      tbl_ord-spras    = kna1-spras .
      tbl_ord-csrphone = adrc-tel_number.
      tbl_ord-csrfax   = adrc-fax_number.
      tbl_ord-csrext   = adrc-tel_extens.
      tbl_ord-total    = w_total.
      tbl_ord-custname = w_custname.
      tbl_ord-csrname  = w_csrname .
      tbl_ord-ldate    = w_ldate.
      APPEND tbl_ord.
      CLEAR tbl_ord.
      CLEAR w_total.
      CLEAR w_ldate.
    ENDFORM.                    " fill_orders
    *&      Form  writeform_text
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM writeform_text.
    CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
           EXPORTING
                element = 'WTEXT'
                window  = 'WINDOW2'
           EXCEPTIONS
                element = 1
                window  = 2.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'EBR'.
        syst-msgno = '056'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        syst-msgv1 = 'WTEXT'.
        syst-msgv2 = 'WINDOW2'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " writeform_text
    *&      Form  writeform
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM writeform.
    CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
           EXPORTING
                element = 'EMAIN'
                window  = 'MAIN'
           EXCEPTIONS
                element = 1
                window  = 2.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'EBR'.
        syst-msgno = '056'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        syst-msgv1 = 'WTEXT'.
        syst-msgv2 = 'WINDOW2'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " writeform
    *&      Form  writeform_footer
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM writeform_footer.
    IF nast-spras = 'N'.
        CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
             EXPORTING
                  element = 'FOOTER'
                  window  = 'MAIN'
             EXCEPTIONS
                  element = 1
                  window  = 2.
      ENDIF.
      CALL FUNCTION 'WRITE_FORM'
           EXPORTING
                element = 'WFOOTER'
                window  = 'WINDOW12'
           EXCEPTIONS
                element = 1
                window  = 2.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'EBR'.
        syst-msgno = '056'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        syst-msgv1 = 'WFOOTER'.
        syst-msgv2 = 'WINDOW12'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " writeform_footer
    *&      Form  closeform
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM closeform.
    CALL FUNCTION 'CLOSE_FORM'
           TABLES
                otfdata                  = tbl_otf
           EXCEPTIONS
                unopened                 = 1
                bad_pageformat_for_print = 2
                OTHERS                   = 3.
      IF sy-subrc NE 0.
        retcode = sy-subrc.
        syst-msgid = 'PS'.
        syst-msgno = '005'.
        syst-msgty = 'E'.
        PERFORM protocol_update.
      ENDIF.
    ENDFORM.                    " closeform
    *&      Form  format_pdf
          text
    -->  p1        text
    <--  p2        text
    FORM format_pdf.
    FIELD-SYMBOLS <fs>.
      DESCRIBE TABLE tbl_line    LINES  hltlines.
    DESCRIBE FIELD tbl_line    LENGTH fle1 IN BYTE MODE . Defect#1579-
    DESCRIBE FIELD tbl_objtxt  LENGTH fle2 IN BYTE MODE . Defect#1579-
    Start of Defect#1579+
      DESCRIBE FIELD tbl_line    LENGTH fle1 IN CHARACTER MODE.
      DESCRIBE FIELD tbl_objtxt  LENGTH fle2 IN CHARACTER MODE.
    End of Defect#1579+
      CLEAR   tbl_objtxt.
      REFRESH tbl_objtxt.
      LOOP AT tbl_line.
        htabix = sy-tabix.
        MOVE tbl_line TO hfeld+off1.
        IF htabix = hltlines.
          fle1 = strlen( tbl_line ).
        ENDIF.
        off1 = off1 + fle1.
        IF off1 GE fle2.
          CLEAR tbl_objtxt.
          tbl_objtxt = hfeld(fle2).
          APPEND tbl_objtxt.
          SHIFT hfeld BY fle2 PLACES.
          off1 = off1 - fle2.
        ENDIF.
        IF htabix = hltlines.
          IF off1 GT 0.
            CLEAR tbl_objtxt.
            tbl_objtxt = hfeld(off1).
            APPEND tbl_objtxt.
          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
      ENDLOOP.
    ENDFORM.                    " format_pdf
    ANy Suggestion or help will be appreciated!
    Regards,
    Kittu
    Edited by: Kittu on Jun 30, 2008 12:32 PM

    Hello Julie Waller,
    Very Good evening!
    Thank you very much for your response!
    Sometimes...I miss the basic things and start concentarcting on typical ways to fix the issue. ....which will only make my issue critical. 
    Hello Sathya,
    Thank you for your response!
    POints are rewarded..
    Have a great day ahead!
    Regards,
    Kittu

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