Why is external hard drive music deleting?

I have 11,000 songs - they are all on an external hard drive. Itunes knows to look to that hard drive. However, when I download new music, I have noticed if I don't save the new music to the hard drive, it will erase all 11,000 songs and only show the new.
I downloaded 40 songs, saved them to the downloaded folder and later drug them into Itunes. All 11,040 songs showed. The next morning I woke up and there were only 40 songs in my library. Where did my 11,000 go?
This has happened before and I have redirected Itunes to the external, but have had to wait for all 11,000 to download again and then had to resync my ipod. That is not practical.

Each time you start iTunes it should show you all the content it has last time you ran it. At present some users running AVG are finding that sometimes when they start iTunes most of their content is missing. What remains listed is their iTunes purchases, though these are in fact links to the stream or download those songs from the store. iTunes doesn't selectively display or not display media based on location, though it may fail to play media that isn't where it is expected to be. This can happen if an external drive letter changes.
If iTunes starts up showing less media than you expect it to then the obvious conclusion is that the library has become corrupt. The media is likely to all still be in place on the hard drive. You should be able restore an earlier version of the library in the way described in this post. If something completly different is going on I'd be interested in the details. I may be able to offer useful suggestions. If you don't already do so you ought to backup against such problems.
tt2

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