9582.69043 gigabytes of physical read total bytes and increasing!

In EM
Database Instance: PROD > Top Activity > I got following
physical read total bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
cell physical IO interconnect bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
physical read bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
And the session is running following update procedure:
declare
FM_BBBB MT.BBBB_CODE%TYPE;
l_start NUMBER;
cursor code_upd is select /*+ parallel(FM_KWT_POP_BBBB_MISMATCH, 10) */ DDD_CID, DDD_BBBB, CCCC_BBBB from MT_MISMATCH;
begin
-- Time regular updates.
l_start := DBMS_UTILITY.get_time;
FOR rec IN code_upd LOOP
update /*+ parallel(MT, 10) nologging */ MT
set BBBB_code = rec.CCCC_BBBB
where source= 0
and cid_no = rec.DDD_CID
and BBBB_code = rec.DDD_BBBB;
commit;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Bulk Updates : ' || (DBMS_UTILITY.get_time - l_start));
end;
There are 9.5 million records in MT but source=0 have only 3 million records and 376K records in MT_MISMATCH, What I don't understand why this is taking so much of time and so many bytes read? Both Tables are analyzed before running this procedure.
Can someone shed some light on this? Is there any better way of doing the same job?

Nabeel Khan wrote:
In EM
Database Instance: PROD > Top Activity > I got following
physical read total bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
cell physical IO interconnect bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
physical read bytes     62763565056     10289335500800     4183122176
And the session is running following update procedure:
declare
FM_BBBB MT.BBBB_CODE%TYPE;
l_start NUMBER;
cursor code_upd is select /*+ parallel(FM_KWT_POP_BBBB_MISMATCH, 10) */ DDD_CID, DDD_BBBB, CCCC_BBBB from MT_MISMATCH;
begin
-- Time regular updates.
l_start := DBMS_UTILITY.get_time;
FOR rec IN code_upd LOOP
update /*+ parallel(MT, 10) nologging */ MT
set BBBB_code = rec.CCCC_BBBB
where source= 0
and cid_no = rec.DDD_CID
and BBBB_code = rec.DDD_BBBB;
commit;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line('Bulk Updates : ' || (DBMS_UTILITY.get_time - l_start));
end;
There are 9.5 million records in MT but source=0 have only 3 million records and 376K records in MT_MISMATCH, What I don't understand why this is taking so much of time and so many bytes read? Both Tables are analyzed before running this procedure.
Can someone shed some light on this? Is there any better way of doing the same job?Lots of badness going on here.
1) looping / procedural code where none is needed.
2) commit within the loop, one of the worst evils of all in Oracle. Please read this
http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:2680799800346456179
I'd look into rewriting this as a single SQL (maybe merge) statement. Or at worst .. a bulk process utilizing collections and FORALL's.

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    |   3 |    NESTED LOOPS OUTER  |                  |  2870 |   714K|       |  190
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    |   6 |       TABLE ACCESS FULL| OM_MEM_REG_HEAD  |  2870 |   566K|       |  188
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    |  10 |    INDEX UNIQUE SCAN   | CITY_CODE_PK     |     1 |    17 |       |
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    decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,'E','Expenditure','U','Unit completions','A','Allocation Takeup','S','SOS units','T','SOS Expenditure','G','Grant Claim Units','H','Larger Homes','C','FC Unit Completions','F','FC Expenditure','V','ACQ Expenditure');
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    Server A
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    293851 rows selected.
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    Execution Plan
    0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=FIRST_ROWS (Cost=50270 Card=27811 Bytes=973385)
    1 0 SORT (GROUP BY) (Cost=50270 Card=27811 Bytes=973385)
    2 1 HASH JOIN (Cost=50088 Card=27811 Bytes=973385)
    3 2 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08' (Cost=17990 Card=26243 Bytes=446131)
    4 3 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08_IX1' (UNIQUE) (Cost=105 Card=26243)
    5 2 NESTED LOOPS (Cost=32049 Card=107258 Bytes=1930644)
    6 5 INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'IMS_BO_VERSION_IX1' (UNIQUE)
    7 5 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN' (Cost=32048 Card=107258 Bytes=1716128)
    Statistics
    0 recursive calls
    13 db block gets
    288529 consistent gets
    *18,218 physical reads*
    0 redo size
    17924295 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    2174914 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    19592 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    0 sorts (memory)
    1 sorts (disk)
    293851 rows processed
    Server B
    =====
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    Elapsed: 00:00:32.66
    Execution Plan
    0 SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=FIRST_ROWS (Cost=50255 Card=27805 Bytes=973175)
    1 0 SORT (GROUP BY) (Cost=50255 Card=27805 Bytes=973175)
    2 1 HASH JOIN (Cost=50073 Card=27805 Bytes=973175)
    3 2 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08' (Cost=17984 Card=26237 Bytes=446029)
    4 3 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08_IX1' (UNIQUE) (Cost=105 Card=26237)
    5 2 NESTED LOOPS (Cost=32040 Card=107230 Bytes=1930140)
    6 5 INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'IMS_BO_VERSION_IX1' (UNIQUE)
    7 5 TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN' (Cost=32039 Card=107230 Bytes=1715680)
    Statistics
    0 recursive calls
    357 db block gets
    250918 consistent gets
    *188,332 physical reads*
    0 redo size
    17853447 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    2166145 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    19513 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    0 sorts (memory)
    1 sorts (disk)
    292677 rows processed
    8.1.6.3 on solaris 8
    Can anyone tell me where the excessive physical i/o's (and presumably associated runtime) is coming from? Any pointers much appreciated.
    Pete
    Edited by: user12248598 on 17-Mar-2010 09:01

    sort_area_size, sort_area_retained_size & hash_area_size are the same size for both instances, as are all NLS settings.
    Tables are not specified NOCACHE, and there are no additional buffer pools.
    Running with sql_trace enabled for both queries highlighed some very interesting results:
    For the slow query, this is the tkprof output, unfortunately waits=yes is not available in 8.1.6
    TKPROF: Release 8.1.6.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 23 14:54:18 2010
    (c) Copyright 1999 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
    Trace file: imsroc_ora_10166.trc
    Sort options: default
    count    = number of times OCI procedure was executed
    cpu      = cpu time in seconds executing
    elapsed  = elapsed time in seconds executing
    disk     = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
    query    = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
    current  = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
    rows     = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
    alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever, level 8'
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Misses in library cache during parse: 0
    Misses in library cache during execute: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    BEGIN DBMS_APPLICATION_INFO.SET_MODULE(:1,NULL); END;
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           1
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        2      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           1
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    SELECT
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
       ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_13_APR) ) + ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_14_MAY) ) ,
         decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast'),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,'E','Expenditure','U','Unit completions','A','Allocation Takeup
    ','S','SOS units','T','SOS Expenditure','G','Grant Claim Units','H','Larger Homes','C','FC Unit Comple
    tions','F','FC Expenditure','V','ACQ Expenditure')
    FROM
      bo_ims.IMS_BO_PMAN08,
      bo_ims.IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN
    WHERE  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.PROG_MAN_ID=IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.PROG_MAN_ID  )
      AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.VERSION_ID IN (select  version_id from bo_ims.ims_bo_version where version_id =
    1 ) )
        AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.INV_REGION_CODE > 2  )
        and decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast') = 'Actual'
    GROUP BY
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
        decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast'),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,'E','Expenditure','U','Unit completions','A','Allocation Takeup
    ','S','SOS units','T','SOS Expenditure','G','Grant Claim Units','H','Larger Homes','C','FC Unit Comple
    tions','F','FC Expenditure','V','ACQ Expenditure')
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch    16278     15.36      36.39     215625     251560        361      244156
    total    16280     15.36      36.39     215625     251560        361      244156
    Misses in library cache during parse: 0
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        2      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      3      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           1
    Fetch    16278     15.36      36.39     215625     251560        361      244156
    total    16283     15.37      36.40     215625     251560        361      244157
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Misses in library cache during execute: 1
    OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Misses in library cache during parse: 0
        3  user  SQL statements in session.
        0  internal SQL statements in session.
        3  SQL statements in session.
    Trace file: imsroc_ora_10166.trc
    Trace file compatibility: 8.00.04
    Sort options: default
           2  sessions in tracefile.
           5  user  SQL statements in trace file.
           0  internal SQL statements in trace file.
           3  SQL statements in trace file.
           3  unique SQL statements in trace file.
       75998  lines in trace file.And this is the tkprof formatted output for the faster running query:
    TKPROF: Release 8.1.6.3.0 - Production on Tue Mar 23 14:56:28 2010
    (c) Copyright 1999 Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
    Trace file: imslive_ora_7489.trc
    Sort options: default
    count    = number of times OCI procedure was executed
    cpu      = cpu time in seconds executing
    elapsed  = elapsed time in seconds executing
    disk     = number of physical reads of buffers from disk
    query    = number of buffers gotten for consistent read
    current  = number of buffers gotten in current mode (usually for update)
    rows     = number of rows processed by the fetch or execute call
    alter session set events '10046 trace name context forever, level 8'
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Misses in library cache during parse: 0
    Misses in library cache during execute: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    SELECT
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
       ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_13_APR) ) + ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_14_MAY) ) ,
         decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,:SYS_B_00,:SYS_B_01,:SYS_B_02,:SYS_B_03),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,:SYS_B_04,:SYS_B_05,:SYS_B_06,:SYS_B_07,:SYS_B_08,:SYS_B_09,:SYS_B_10,:
    SYS_B_11,:SYS_B_12,:SYS_B_13,:SYS_B_14,:SYS_B_15,:SYS_B_16,:SYS_B_17,:SYS_B_18,:SYS_B_19,:SYS_B_20,:SYS_B_21,:
    SYS_B_22,:SYS_B_23)
    FROM
      BO_IMS.IMS_BO_PMAN08,
      BO_IMS.IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN
    WHERE  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.PROG_MAN_ID=IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.PROG_MAN_ID  )
      AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.VERSION_ID IN (select  version_id from bo_ims.ims_bo_version where version_id = :SYS_B_
    24 ) )
        AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.INV_REGION_CODE > :SYS_B_25  )
        and decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,:SYS_B_26,:SYS_B_27,:SYS_B_28,:SYS_B_29) = :SYS_B_30
    GROUP BY
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
        decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,:SYS_B_31,:SYS_B_32,:SYS_B_33,:SYS_B_34),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,:SYS_B_35,:SYS_B_36,:SYS_B_37,:SYS_B_38,:SYS_B_39,:SYS_B_40,:SYS_B_41,:
    SYS_B_42,:SYS_B_43,:SYS_B_44,:SYS_B_45,:SYS_B_46,:SYS_B_47,:SYS_B_48,:SYS_B_49,:SYS_B_50,:SYS_B_51,:SYS_B_52,:
    SYS_B_53,:SYS_B_54)
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      2      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch    20042      0.00       0.00      20064     295221         13      300608
    total    20045      0.00       0.00      20064     295221         13      300608
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    Rows     Row Source Operation
    300608  SORT GROUP BY
    300628   NESTED LOOPS
      55647    NESTED LOOPS
          2     INDEX UNIQUE SCAN (object id 151050)
      55647     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID IMS_BO_PMAN08
      55649      INDEX RANGE SCAN (object id 185149)
    300628    TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN
    356274     INDEX RANGE SCAN (object id 157241)
    DELETE FROM PLAN_TABLE
    WHERE
    STATEMENT_ID=:1
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.00       0.00          3          5         12           0
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        2      0.00       0.00          3          5         12           0
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    Rows     Row Source Operation
          1  DELETE PLAN_TABLE
          1   TABLE ACCESS FULL PLAN_TABLE
    EXPLAIN PLAN SET STATEMENT_ID='PLUS18028884' FOR SELECT
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
       ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_13_APR) ) + ( sum(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.MONTH_14_MAY) ) ,
         decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast'),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,'E','Expenditure','U','Unit completions','A','Allocation Takeup','S','S
    OS units','T','SOS Expenditure','G','Grant Claim Units','H','Larger Homes','C','FC Unit Completions','F','FC E
    xpenditure','V','ACQ Expenditure')
    FROM
      BO_IMS.IMS_BO_PMAN08,
      BO_IMS.IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN
    WHERE  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.PROG_MAN_ID=IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.PROG_MAN_ID  )
      AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.VERSION_ID IN (select  version_id from bo_ims.ims_bo_version where version_id = 1 ) )
        AND  ( IMS_BO_PMAN08.INV_REGION_CODE > 2  )
        and decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast') = 'Actual'
    GROUP BY
      IMS_BO_PMAN08.REF_ID,
        decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_SUB_TYPE,'A','Actual','F','Forecast'),
      decode(IMS_BO_PMAN08_TRAN.TRANS_TYPE,'E','Expenditure','U','Unit completions','A','Allocation Takeup','S','S
    OS units','T','SOS Expenditure','G','Grant Claim Units','H','Larger Homes','C','FC Unit Completions','F','FC E
    xpenditure','V','ACQ Expenditure')
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5
    insert into plan_table (statement_id, timestamp, operation, options,
      object_node, object_owner, object_name, object_instance, object_type,
      search_columns, id, parent_id, position, other,optimizer, cost, cardinality,
       bytes, other_tag, partition_start, partition_stop, partition_id,
      distribution )
    values
    (:1,SYSDATE,:2,:3,:4,:5,:6,:7,:8,:9,:10,:11,:12,:13,:14,:15,:16,:17,:18,:19,
      :20,:21,:22)
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      7      0.00       0.00          1          3          9           7
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        8      0.00       0.00          1          3          9           7
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: FIRST_ROWS
    Parsing user id: 5     (recursive depth: 1)
    select o.name, u.name
    from
    sys.obj$ o, sys.user$ u where obj# = :1and owner# = user#
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      2      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        2      0.00       0.00          3         12          0           2
    total        5      0.00       0.00          3         12          0           2
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer goal: CHOOSE
    Parsing user id: SYS   (recursive depth: 1)
    OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL NON-RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        3      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      4      0.00       0.00          3          5         12           0
    Fetch    20042      0.00       0.00      20064     295221         13      300608
    total    20049      0.00       0.00      20067     295226         25      300608
    Misses in library cache during parse: 3
    Misses in library cache during execute: 1
    OVERALL TOTALS FOR ALL RECURSIVE STATEMENTS
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        2      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Execute      9      0.00       0.00          1          3          9           7
    Fetch        2      0.00       0.00          3         12          0           2
    total       13      0.00       0.00          4         15          9           9
    Misses in library cache during parse: 2
        5  user  SQL statements in session.
        1  internal SQL statements in session.
        6  SQL statements in session.
    Trace file: imslive_ora_7489.trc
    Trace file compatibility: 8.00.04
    Sort options: default
           3  sessions in tracefile.
           8  user  SQL statements in trace file.
           1  internal SQL statements in trace file.
           6  SQL statements in trace file.
           6  unique SQL statements in trace file.
       77410  lines in trace file.The sql statement as run did not make use of bind variables, so the ones in the tkprof output for the longer running statement made me immediately think of cursor sharing, and right there in the init.ora for the faster running database was CURSOR_SHARING=FORCE.
    I'm not familiar with the history of the databases, nor the specific reasoning for enabling cursor sharing (bind variable usage seems prevalent in all custom code) so I've replicated the setting on the slower database, resulting in a similar tkprof output to the faster server, with a runtime of 7 seconds for 2nd and subsequent runs.
    My immediate issue is now solved, thanks to all who contributed, and apologies for not spotting the obvious earlier.
    Regards, Pete

  • Unable to reduce  Physical Reads

    Hi
    Problem:
    Need to reduce the Physical reads in Oracle 8.1.7
    Information:
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    Statistics will not be gathered.
    Intially the cache hit ratio is 18%. At this point when we checked the SQL Statement
    SELECT a32,
    F_DOCNUMBER,NVL(a109,'BIWS') AS WorkFlow,
    a147 AS Service_Subsidary,
    a89 AS StaffInd,
    a88 AS SubsidiaryInd
    FROM doctaba
    WHERE a94 = 'CCOC_CARDS_CCA_060824_6'
    AND a40 IN ('3','4','5')
    0 recursive calls
    81 db block gets
    5020 consistent gets
    3909 physical reads
    0 redo size
    401 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    311 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    0 sorts (memory)
    0 sorts (disk)
    1 rows processed.
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    81 db block gets
    3717 consistent gets
    3576 physical reads
    0 redo size
    401 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    311 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    2 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    0 sorts (memory)
    0 sorts (disk)
    1 rows processed.
    But can you please advice how to reduce the Physical Reads further.
    Note: Table DOCTABA is a Snapshot that is present in Other Database.
    Please advice!!
    Cheers
    Ramkannan.A

    Buffer hit cache ratios are totally meaningless as was proven many years ago by Connor's brilliant little utility that allows you to dial in any ratio you want.
    The reason your are getting FTEs is because your totally antiquated version of the product, never supported during the current century, is that it thinks FTEs cost less than using any indexes that may (or may not) exist. You've not established in your email that there are any indexes or posted DDL or provided much of anything else that would be helpful.
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  • Anyone know what this system stat means cell physical IO interconnect bytes

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    Class Name Value
    64 cell physical IO interconnect bytes 1.160476804096E12
    1 session logical reads 1.4572587197E10
    8 free buffer requested 1.800353E8
    1 CPU used by this session 1.8441013E7
    8 hot buffers moved to head of LRU 9597137
    8 physical write total IO requests 5319164
    2 redo ordering marks 5082070
    128 background timeouts 2907194
    128 messages received 1752295
    128 messages sent 1752246

      1* select name, value from gv$sysstat where name like '%physical IO%'
    SQL> /
    NAME                                              VALUE
    cell physical IO interconnect bytes                      983887872
    cell physical IO bytes saved during optimized file creation            0
    cell physical IO bytes saved during optimized RMAN file restore        0
    cell physical IO bytes eligible for predicate offload                 0
    cell physical IO bytes saved by storage index                      0
    cell physical IO interconnect bytes returned by smart scan            0
    cell simulated physical IO bytes eligible for predicate offload        0
    cell simulated physical IO bytes returned by predicate offload            0
    8 rows selected.
    SQL> select * from v$version;
    BANNER
    Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
    PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    CORE     11.2.0.1.0     Production
    TNS for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
    NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

  • What causes BUFFER GETS and PHYSICAL READS in INSERT operation to be high?

    Hi All,
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    BUFFER GETS = 1,550,560
    CONSISTENT GETS = 512,036
    PHYSICAL READS = 3,834
    BLOCK CHANGES = 1,034,232
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    3. Database Users
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    ...

    Flake wrote:
    Hans, gracias.
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  • Query on data dictionary results in large number of physical reads

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    vrowcount := sql%rowcount;
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1     31.70      47.57      88570         22          0           1
    Fetch        0      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    total        2     31.71      47.58      88570         22          0           1
    Misses in library cache during parse: 1
    Optimizer mode: CHOOSE
    Parsing user id: 22 
    Elapsed times include waiting on following events:
      Event waited on                             Times   Max. Wait  Total Waited
      ----------------------------------------   Waited  ----------  ------------
      latch: row cache objects                        1        0.00          0.00
      log file sync                                   1        0.00          0.00
      SQL*Net message to client                       1        0.00          0.00
      SQL*Net message from client                     1        0.00          0.00
    ********************************************************************************

    It seems like there is some missing information.
    You have a wait for a log file sync, but no commit.
    Your table my_sid_table is 1 MB for only 6 records?
    Does the target table you are inserting into (my_save_table) have indexes on it?

  • Query tuning-how to reduce physical reads-help me

    1* select * from masterbillingInvoiceview Where SiteIID =300964 and InvoiceID like '%' order by Invoice asc
    SQL> /
    33 rows selected.
    Elapsed: 00:00:00.34
    Execution Plan
    Plan hash value: 352896138
    | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
    | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 16 | 6304 | 341 (3)| 00:00:05 |
    | 1 | SORT ORDER BY | | 16 | 6304 | 341 (3)| 00:00:05 |
    | 2 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | ADDRESS | 1 | 48 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01
    | 3 | NESTED LOOPS | | 16 | 6304 | 340 (3)| 00:00:05 |
    | 4 | NESTED LOOPS | | 16 | 5536 | 316 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    |* 5 | HASH JOIN OUTER | | 16 | 5168 | 308 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    |* 6 | HASH JOIN | | 16 | 4992 | 302 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    |* 7 | HASH JOIN | | 16 | 4752 | 298 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    | 8 | NESTED LOOPS | | 17 | 4828 | 44 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 9 | NESTED LOOPS | | 17 | 3451 | 35 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 10 | NESTED LOOPS OUTER | | 1 | 91 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 11 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| SITEMASTER | 1 | 74 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 12 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_SITEMASTER | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 13 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| INVGROUPS | 1735 | 29495 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 14 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_INVGROUPS | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 15 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | INVOICEHEAD | 17 | 1904 | 33 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 16 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_INVOICEHEADSITEIID | 271 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 17 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | CUSTOMER | 1 | 81 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 18 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_CUSTOMER | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 19 | VIEW | | 35844 | 455K| 254 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    | 20 | HASH GROUP BY | | 35844 | 455K| 254 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    | 21 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | CONTACT | 56100 | 712K| 250 (1)| 00:00:03 |
    | 22 | VIEW | index$_join$_009 | 7 | 105 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 23 | HASH JOIN | | | | | |
    | 24 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | IDX_PAYMENTTERMSID | 7 | 105 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01
    | 25 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | PK_PAYMENTTERMS | 7 | 105 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01
    | 26 | VIEW | index$_join$_011 | 1428 | 15708 | 6 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 27 | HASH JOIN | | | | | |
    | 28 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | PK_EMPLOYEE | 1428 | 15708 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 29 | INDEX FAST FULL SCAN | IDX_EMPLOYEEEMPLOYEEID | 1428 | 15708 | 3 (0)| 00:00:01
    | 30 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | CONTACT | 1 | 23 | 1 (0)| 00:00:
    |* 31 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_CONTACT | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 32 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | PK_ADDRESS | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    5 - access("A"."CREATEDBY"="J"."EMPIID"(+))
    6 - access("A"."TERMSIID"="H"."PAYMENTTERMSIID")
    7 - access("D"."CUSTOMERIID"="F"."CUSTOMERIID")
    12 - access("B"."SITEIID"=300964)
    14 - access("B"."PARENTIID"="I"."GROUPIID"(+))
    15 - filter("A"."TYPE"=4 AND "A"."INVOICEID" LIKE '%')
    16 - access("A"."SITEIID"=300964)
    18 - access("A"."BILLINGCUSTOMERIID"="D"."CUSTOMERIID")
    23 - access(ROWID=ROWID)
    27 - access(ROWID=ROWID)
    31 - access("F"."CONTACTIID"="G"."CONTACTIID")
    32 - access("E"."ADDRESSIID"=NVL("D"."BILLINGADDRESSIID","D"."ADDRESSIID"))
    Statistics
    107 recursive calls
    0 db block gets
    2819 consistent gets
    0 physical reads
    0 redo size
    6586 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    356 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    4 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    1 sorts (memory)
    0 sorts (disk)
    33 rows processed
    SQL> ed
    Wrote file afiedt.buf
    1* select * from masterbillingInvoiceview Where SiteIID =300964 and InvoiceID like '%%%' order by Invoice asc
    SQL> /
    33 rows selected.
    Elapsed: 00:06:15.23
    Execution Plan
    Plan hash value: 1828716447
    | Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
    | 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 2 | 964 | 295 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    |* 1 | FILTER | | | | | |
    | 2 | SORT GROUP BY | | 2 | 964 | 295 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    | 3 | MERGE JOIN CARTESIAN | | 72315 | 33M| 291 (1)| 00:00:04 |
    | 4 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | ADDRESS | 1 | 52 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 5 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 447 | 41 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 6 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 395 | 40 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 7 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 382 | 38 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 8 | NESTED LOOPS OUTER | | 1 | 289 | 37 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 9 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 266 | 36 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 10 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 239 | 35 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 11 | NESTED LOOPS OUTER | | 1 | 115 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 12 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| SITEMASTER | 1 | 86 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 13 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_SITEMASTER | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 14 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| INVGROUPS | 1735 | 50315 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 15 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_INVGROUPS | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 16 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | INVOICEHEAD | 1 | 124 | 33 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 17 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_INVOICEHEADSITEIID | 271 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 18 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | PAYMENTTERMS | 1 | 27 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 19 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_PAYMENTTERMS | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 20 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | EMPLOYEE | 1 | 23 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 21 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_EMPLOYEE | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 22 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | CUSTOMER | 1 | 93 | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 23 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_CUSTOMER | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 24 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | CONTACT | 1 | 13 | 2 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 25 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | IDX_CONTACTCUSTOMERIID | 2 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    |* 26 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | PK_ADDRESS | 1 | | 1 (0)| 00:00:01 |
    | 27 | BUFFER SORT | | 56100 | 1917K| 294 (3)| 00:00:04 |
    | 28 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | CONTACT | 56100 | 1917K| 250 (1)| 00:00:03 |
    Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
    1 - filter("G"."CONTACTIID"=MAX("CONTACTIID"))
    13 - access("B"."SITEIID"=300964)
    15 - access("B"."PARENTIID"="I"."GROUPIID"(+))
    16 - filter("A"."TYPE"=4 AND "A"."INVOICEID" LIKE '%%%')
    17 - access("A"."SITEIID"=300964)
    19 - access("A"."TERMSIID"="H"."PAYMENTTERMSIID")
    21 - access("A"."CREATEDBY"="J"."EMPIID"(+))
    23 - access("A"."BILLINGCUSTOMERIID"="D"."CUSTOMERIID")
    25 - access("D"."CUSTOMERIID"="CUSTOMERIID")
    filter("CUSTOMERIID" IS NOT NULL)
    26 - access("E"."ADDRESSIID"=NVL("D"."BILLINGADDRESSIID","D"."ADDRESSIID"))
    Statistics
    1952 recursive calls
    78 db block gets
    4649 consistent gets
    236151 physical reads
    0 redo size
    6586 bytes sent via SQL*Net to client
    356 bytes received via SQL*Net from client
    4 SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client
    1 sorts (memory)
    1 sorts (disk)
    33 rows processed
    this is the execution plan of my one query with a small difference, bt there is large diffference in physical reads..
    can anyone help me out of this
    thanks
    aju

    Hi,
    Can you please format your explain plan using
    { code } --without space
    Explain plan
    { code } -- without any space
    What is your DB version?
    There are differences in access and filter criteria...
    -- FRIST QUERY
    5 - access("A"."CREATEDBY"="J"."EMPIID"(+))
    6 - access("A"."TERMSIID"="H"."PAYMENTTERMSIID")
    7 - access("D"."CUSTOMERIID"="F"."CUSTOMERIID")
    12 - access("B"."SITEIID"=300964)
    14 - access("B"."PARENTIID"="I"."GROUPIID"(+))
    15 - filter("A"."TYPE"=4 AND "A"."INVOICEID" LIKE '%')
    16 - access("A"."SITEIID"=300964)
    18 - access("A"."BILLINGCUSTOMERIID"="D"."CUSTOMERIID")
    23 - access(ROWID=ROWID)
    27 - access(ROWID=ROWID)
    31 - access("F"."CONTACTIID"="G"."CONTACTIID")
    32 - access("E"."ADDRESSIID"=NVL("D"."BILLINGADDRESSIID","D"."ADDRESSIID"))
    ------SECOND QUERY
    1 - filter("G"."CONTACTIID"=MAX("CONTACTIID"))
    13 - access("B"."SITEIID"=300964)
    15 - access("B"."PARENTIID"="I"."GROUPIID"(+))
    16 - filter("A"."TYPE"=4 AND "A"."INVOICEID" LIKE '%%%')
    17 - access("A"."SITEIID"=300964)
    19 - access("A"."TERMSIID"="H"."PAYMENTTERMSIID")
    21 - access("A"."CREATEDBY"="J"."EMPIID"(+))
    23 - access("A"."BILLINGCUSTOMERIID"="D"."CUSTOMERIID")
    25 - access("D"."CUSTOMERIID"="CUSTOMERIID")
    filter("CUSTOMERIID" IS NOT NULL)
    26 - access("E"."ADDRESSIID"=NVL("D"."BILLINGADDRESSIID","D"."ADDRESSIID"))-Avinash

  • No of physical reads of buffers from disk on PROD and Clone has huge differ

    Please help !
    I am having a problem interpreting a tkprof report.
    I am executing the same statement below in PROD and Clone of PROD.
    What I do not understand why the tkprof report shows huge difference in disk reads for same executions from PROD and Clone of PROD. I.e. first execution disk reads = 757187 , second = 6.
    I expected to see Similar disk reads in the second execution also.The data it fetches is same in both the Instances.
    Statment
    SELECT NVL(SUM(RG_OTH.DEBIT),0),NVL(SUM(RG_OTH.CREDIT),0)
    FROM
    JA_IN_PLA PLA,JAI_RG_OTHERS RG_OTH,HR_ALL_ORGANIZATION_UNITS HOU,
    HR_LOCATIONS LOC,JA_IN_HR_ORGANIZATION_UNITS HR_ORG WHERE 1 = 1 AND
    PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID = :b1 AND TRUNC(PLA.CREATION_DATE) >= :b2 AND
    TRUNC(PLA.CREATION_DATE) <= :b3 AND HOU.ORGANIZATION_ID =
    PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID AND LOC.LOCATION_ID = PLA.LOCATION_ID AND
    HR_ORG.ORGANIZATION_ID = PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID AND HR_ORG.LOCATION_ID =
    PLA.LOCATION_ID AND TRANSACTION_ID = 19 AND INVENTORY_ITEM_ID != 0 AND
    NVL(ROUNDING_ID,1) != -1 AND RG_OTH.SOURCE_REGISTER_ID = PLA.REGISTER_ID
    AND RG_OTH.SOURCE_REGISTER = 'PLA' AND RG_OTH.TAX_TYPE IN (
    'EXCISE_EDUCATION_CESS' )
    Tkproff from PROD.
    call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
    Parse 1 0.01 0.01 0 0 0 0
    Execute 1 0.04 0.03 0 0 0 0
    Fetch 1 973.41 1724.95 757187 789442 0 1
    total 3 973.46 1725.01 757187 789442 0 1
    Tkproff from CLONE of PROD.
    call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows
    Parse 1 0.06 0.05 1 789 0 0
    Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0
    Fetch 1 0.73 0.72 6 30594 0 1
    total 3 0.79 0.78 7 31383 0 1

    wins wrote:
    SELECT NVL(SUM(RG_OTH.DEBIT),0),NVL(SUM(RG_OTH.CREDIT),0)  
    FROM
    JA_IN_PLA PLA,JAI_RG_OTHERS RG_OTH,HR_ALL_ORGANIZATION_UNITS HOU,
    HR_LOCATIONS LOC,JA_IN_HR_ORGANIZATION_UNITS HR_ORG  WHERE 1 = 1  AND
    PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID = :b1  AND TRUNC(PLA.CREATION_DATE) >= :b2  AND
    TRUNC(PLA.CREATION_DATE) <= :b3  AND HOU.ORGANIZATION_ID =
    PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID  AND LOC.LOCATION_ID = PLA.LOCATION_ID  AND
    HR_ORG.ORGANIZATION_ID = PLA.ORGANIZATION_ID  AND HR_ORG.LOCATION_ID =
    PLA.LOCATION_ID  AND TRANSACTION_ID = 19  AND INVENTORY_ITEM_ID != 0  AND
    NVL(ROUNDING_ID,1) != -1  AND RG_OTH.SOURCE_REGISTER_ID = PLA.REGISTER_ID 
    AND RG_OTH.SOURCE_REGISTER = 'PLA'  AND RG_OTH.TAX_TYPE IN (
    'EXCISE_EDUCATION_CESS'  )
    Tkproff from PROD.
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.01       0.01          0          0          0           0
    Execute      1      0.04       0.03          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        1    973.41    1724.95     757187     789442          0           1
    total        3    973.46    1725.01     757187     789442          0           1
    Tkproff from CLONE of PROD.
    call     count       cpu    elapsed       disk      query    current        rows
    Parse        1      0.06       0.05          1        789          0           0
    Execute      1      0.00       0.00          0          0          0           0
    Fetch        1      0.73       0.72          6      30594          0           1
    total        3      0.79       0.78          7      31383          0           1
    As others have pointed out, this looks like a change in execution plan. At a guess, the PROD database is doing a tablescan somewhere (physical reads is approximately equal to logical reads is a pointer).
    There are many reasons why this could happen, continuing with the guesswork - we note that the statement was re-optimised (hard parsed) in the clone, but used an existing cursor in production (logical I/O = 0 in prod, 789 in clone). So the plan you got in the clone was the one that Oracle thought best for the inputs you had supplied. The plan in prod could have been produced as the response to a completely different set of input; since you have two bind variables applied to a range based predicated and one bind variable with equality it's possible that you have a histogram that makes a difference on the equality column, alternatively the range of dates used to generate the original plan was very different from the range used in the test.
    Regards
    Jonathan Lewis
    http://jonathanlewis.wordpress.com
    Author: <b><em>Oracle Core</em></b>

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