ACS + Wired dot1x machine authentication

Hi,
I am trying to setup wired machine based authentication. I have followed this guide
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/products/sw/secursw/ps2086/products_configuration_example09186a00805e7a18.shtml#req
However I simply get the same error all the time on ACS.
Invalid message authenticator in EAP request
Switch config;
interface GigabitEthernet0/46
switchport access vlan 20
switchport mode access
media-type rj45
dot1x pae authenticator
dot1x port-control auto
dot1x reauthentication
dot1x guest-vlan 20
i am trying to setup group matching to perform vlan assignment however I am just entering under the unknown user policy at the min with no vlan assignment setup.
Anyone shed any light on this, all I want to do is authenticate a machine via certificates issue a vlan id based on the machine name and AD group matching. No user authentication this can be done via the PDC.
Purely using machine auth.
Cheers
Scott

Hi Guys,
The plot thickens, I can authenticate via user 802.1x and I can also authenticate the machine against my existing 4.1 ACS server however when using the new server 4.2 I get the external DB authentication failure??
Thanks for your help.
Scott

Similar Messages

  • ACS 4.1 machine authentication problem

    Hi,
    I'm using the Cisco NAC framework in order to authenticate both users and machines before granting network access. i'm using windows AD to authenticate users and machines.
    Under "External User Databases" -> Windows Authentication Configuration, you can configure some machine authentication settings.
    I have to enable "Enable Machine Access Restriction" in combination with the group map "no access". Otherwise, even though machine authentication has failed, an authorized user can still login with an unauthorized machine (it will only appear in the failed attempts log but it will not be restricted).
    This works, but the problem is the "aging time". The ACS caches the machines for a certain amount of time (12 hours by default). Now if a user logs off and he waits 12 hours to logg back on, authentication will fail (because machine authentication is already performed just after being logged off).
    Is it possible to force machine authentication (together with the user authentication) at Windows log on?
    Kind regards

    ACS 4.1 machine authentication can work on windows. This issue occurs in an environment where there is more than one global catalog server for the domain. Restart CSAuth.exe service, and then try to authenticate again (with Machine credentials)

  • ACS 5.2 Machine Authentication and AD user

    I am trying to setup up a rule to allow wireless access only to users in my AD when they use computers from my AD.
    I have Machine authentication working on it's own (computer boots up and connects to wireless - confrimed by ACS logs)
    I have User authentication working
    But when I try to creat the floowing rule:

    I solved it. I seem that you have to have "Machine Access Restrictions" (External Identity Stores > Active Directory) checked. then it works.

  • Missing machine authentication - peap acs

    Hi,
    my setup is:
    Cisco ACS 4.0 Release 4.0(1) Build 27 (with thawte certificate)
    WLC 4402 ver 4.0.179.8
    Aironet 1131 LWAPP
    dell laptop with windows xp sp2 with peap auth (using win control of wlan card)
    I experience problem with missing machine authentication even though I have enabled this in acs (Enable PEAP machine authentication). The regkey on the pc's are standard windows (HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\EAPOL\Parameters\General\Global with no value set = 0)
    http://support.microsoft.com/kb/309448/en-us
    I get these messages in the wlc log:
    AUTH 14/09/2006 08:48:58 E 0143 2688 [PDE]: PdeAttributeSet::addAttribute: invalid attr type=201
    AUTH 14/09/2006 08:48:58 E 0376 3852 External DB [NTAuthenDLL.dll]: MachineSPNToSAM: __DsCrackNames failed
    anyone who can point me in the right direction?
    Is it a windows client problem or a WLC/ACS problem?
    regards rolf

    Hi,
    still have problem with machine authentication that stops working after 3-4days. I narrowed this down to the Cisco ACS, as the only way to resolve this is to reboot the win2003 server running Cisco ACS. I did put en error in my first post, it's not the wlc log that reports this:
    AUTH 26/09/2006 07:51:16 E 0143 0500 [PDE]: PdeAttributeSet::addAttribute: invalid attr type=201
    AUTH 26/09/2006 07:51:16 E 0376 0132 External DB [NTAuthenDLL.dll]: MachineSPNToSAM: __DsCrackNames failed
    It is the Csauth log on the ACS. Have anybody seen this error message and know what it refers to?
    My problem now is that machine authentication works ok for some days, then stops and then the listed error messages starts coming in the csauth log.
    regards rolf

  • Wired Dot1x and forcing machine auth on windows

    I've got wired dot1x authentication working ok. the ACS server backs off to a windows domain so machine level authentication works fine. However I can't see a way of forcing windows to only ever do machine authentication. Has anyone else looked at this? I could enable the option on the ACS server to require a previous machine auth before it accepts a user auth but it can only cache this for a limited amount of time. The only way to get a machine auth is for there not to be a user logged on at the time. If we accept user auth then any user can bring their own machine onto the network but we this is what we want to stop and only allow bank standard (i.e. domain members) machines on the network.
    cheers
    Mike

    Right, you need AuthMode = 2.
    If onlky allowing domain memebers onto the network is the primary goal, then you may also want to consider:
    * The Machine Access Restriction feature on ACS (what you referred to before as a cache, but does help for mitigation of this threat).
    * Denying dial-in permisssions on user accounts (but this may break other things you may be using for remote access).
    Example: If someone brought in there PC from home with virtually any supplicant on it, they're on the network as long as their NT credentials check out (whether machine-auth fails or not, b/c remember they can configure their own supplicant).

  • Machine Authentication and User Authentication with ACS v5.1... how?

    Hi!
    I'm having trouble setting up Machine Authentication and User Authentication on ACS v5.1 using WinXP SP3 (or SP2) as supplicant.
    This is the goal:
    On wireless (preferably on wired too) networks, get the WinXP to machine authenticate against AD using certificates so the machine is possible to reach via for example ping, and it can also get GPO Updates.
    Then, when the user actually logs in, I need User Authentication, so we can run startup scripts, map the Home Directory and so on.
    I have set up a Windows Sertificate server, and the client (WinXP) are recieving both machine and user certificates just fine.
    I have also managed to set up so Machine Authenticaton works, by setting up a policy rule that checks on certificate only:
    "Certificate Dictionary:Common Name contains .admin.testdomain.lan"
    But to achieve that, I had to set EAP Type in WinXP to Smart Card or other Certificate, and then no PEAP authentication occurs, which I assume I need for User Authentication? Or is that possible by using Certificates too?
    I just don't know how to do this, so is there a detailed guide out there for this? I would assume that this is something that all administrators using wireless and WinXP would like to achieve.
    Thank you.

    Hello again.
    I found out how to do this now..
    What I needed to do was to add a new Certificate Authentication Profile that checks against Subject Alternative Name, because that was the only thing I could find that was the same in both user certificate and machine certificate.
    After adding that profile to the Identity Store Sequences, and making tthe appropriate rule in the policy, it works.
    You must also remember to change the AuthMode option in Windows XP Registry to "1".
    What I really wanted to do was to use the "Was Machine Authenticated" condition in the policies, but I have never gotten that conditon to work, unfortunately.
    That would have plugged a few security holes for me.

  • Machine authentication with MAR and ACS - revisited

    I'm wondering if anyone else has overcame the issue I'm about to describe.
    The scenario:
    We are happily using ACS 4.1 to authenticate wireless PEAP clients to an external Windows AD database.
    We do have machine authentication via PEAP enabled, but at this time we are not using Machine Access Restrictions as part of the external database authentication configuration.
    The clients (we care about) are using the native XP ZWC supplicant and are configured to "authenticate as machine when available".
    The passed authentications log does successfully show the machines authenticating.
    The challege:
    We only want to permit users on our PEAP protected WLAN if the machine they are using has an account in the domain (and they are a Windows XP box - the currents standard corporate image).
    In a testing lab, we enable Machine Access Restrictions, with the access mapped to "No Access" if there is no machine auth, or if machine auth fails.  If a machine is shut down and boots fresh, or if the logged on user chooses to logoff while on that WLAN - we see the Windows box sends its machine authentication.  As I understand it - a windows XP box will only attempt to authenticate as a machine when a user logs off, or upon initial boot.
    In our environment (and I'm sure many others) - if a user comes into the office and docks their laptop and is attached to the wired LAN and boots or logs on - the machine maybe authenticating - but it is authenticating directly to the AD as our wired LAN is not using 802.1x or ACS radius.
    So the user maybe logged on and working on the network - and then choose to undock which activates the wireless.
    The problem then - the machine does NOT attempt to authenticate as a machine and only processes the user credentials - which get passed onto ACS vial the WLC - and when MAR is enabled with the No Access mapping for no machine auth - the user auth obviously fails.
    Has anyone seen / over come this ?
    Our goal is to enforce that only standard XP imaged machines get on the wireless PEAP network (where the configuration is maintained by GPO).

    Here's the only thing I could find on extending the schema (I'm not a schema expert):
    http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms676900%28VS.85%29.aspx
    If all of your clients are Windows machines, it's easier to stick with PEAP for machine auth, user auth, or both.  However, your RADIUS (ACS) server should have a certificate that the clients trust.  You can configure the clients to ignore the RADIUS server cert, but then your clients will trust any network that looks/works like yours.  Get a cert/certs for your RADIUS server(s).
    You can have PEAP and EAP-TLS configured on your ACS server without causing problems for your PEAP clients (be aware that most of my experience is with 4.1/4.2.  Earlier versions may not work the same way).  Your comment about what you're testing is confusing me.  Let's say you have (only) PEAP configured for machine auth on both the client and the ACS server (no user auth is configured on the client, or in ACS).  Your client will offer it's machine account AD credentials to the ACS server in order to authenticate to the network.  Those credentials will be validated against AD by your ACS server, and then the machine will get an IP address and connect to your network.  Once your machine is on the network, and a user tries to log on, then the user's AD credentials will be validated against AD (without any involvement of ACS).  You should not need PEAP and EAP-TLS together.  Both are used for the same purpose: 802.1X authentication for network access.  PEAP only uses AD to validate machine credentials (or user credentials), because you configured your ACS server to use AD as a user database for validating 802.1X credentials.  You could just have easily used PEAP on the client side, but told ACS to an LDAP connection to a Linux box with a user/machine database. Validating credentials for network access (802.1X) is not the same thing as authenticating to AD for server/printer/email/whatever access.  I wish I could explain this better...

  • PEAP & ACS & machine authentication

    OK, here's the issue :
    Customer site - 1130 series LWAPP AP's, WLC 4400 series with 4.2 release, WCS with 4.2 release.
    ACS SE 4.0 and a second ACS SE with 4.1
    Windows XP clients using WZC, all settings for connecting to WLAN are set, and everything works fine as long as the user has logged onto the lappie previously using a wired connection.
    Machine authentication not working. i.e. a user can't logon until they've previously logged on.
    Nothing shows on ACS failed or passed attempts. All settings for PEAP machine authentication are setup as per Cisco docs on the ACS. Client end ok.
    Tried a GPO to push MS 802.1x settings for EAPOL and Supplicant info to machines, but still no machine logon.
    ACS using a self signed cert, option to validate server cert on XP wzc unchecked.
    Can't see wood for trees now, bits of kit will start to leave the building via the window before much longer....
    Please tell me we don't need to install certs on clients - through PEAP was server side only ? Surely ?
    Help, someone, help...

    This does work with Microsoft's EAP Supplicant as I have tested it in the lab and deployed it on a customer site. It was a while ago though....
    I referred to this document on MS's site:
    http://www.microsoft.com/technet/network/wifi/ed80211.mspx
    Plus probably the same document you were using from CCO.
    I also installed the two Microsoft Wireless updates for XP SP2 computers, however I am not 100% these were essential. The default supplicant behaviour worked OK as the AP's send EAP frames to the associated wireless clients which kick-starts the supplicant on the PC. I think the Wireless Profile needed to be on PC (SSID & its settings), however this can be pushed via GPO but if the machine has never been on the network (wired/wireless) you can get in a chicken-and-egg situation.
    You don't need to use the Cisco supplicant.
    HTH
    Andy

  • ACS 5.3, EAP-TLS Machine Authentication with Active Directory

    I have ACS 5.3. I am testing EAP-TLS Machine Authentication using Active Directory as an external Identity Store. II was testing and everything was going fine until I did some failure testing.
    My problem: I deleted my computer account out of Active Directory and tried to authenticate my wireless laptop and it still worked when it should have failed.
    Here is some of the output of the ACS log. You can see that the computer could not be found in AD and this was returned to the ACS. However, ACS still went ahead and authenticated the computer successfully.
    Evaluating Identity Policy
    15006 Matched Default Rule
    22037 Authentication Passed
    22023 Proceed to attribute retrieval
    24433 Looking up machine/host in Active Directory - LAB-PC-PB.VITS.attcst.sbc.com
    24437 Machine not found in Active Directory
    22016 Identity sequence completed iterating the IDStores
    Evaluating Group Mapping Policy
    12506 EAP-TLS authentication succeeded
    11503 Prepared EAP-Success
    Evaluating Exception Authorization Policy
    15042 No rule was matched
    Evaluating Authorization Policy
    15006 Matched Default Rule
    15016 Selected Authorization Profile - Permit Access
    22065 Max sessions policy passed
    22064 New accounting session created in Session cache
    11002 Returned RADIUS Access-Accept
    I was assuming that if the computer was not found, the Identity Policy would fail, so I did not configure any authorization policy. Do I need an authorization policy to tell the ACS to fail the authentication if the machine cannot be found in AD? If I need an authorization policy, how do I configure it?
    Note: In my Identity Store Sequence, I did enable the option:
    For Attribute Retrieval only:
    If internal user/host not found or disabled then exit sequence and treat as "User Not Found"
    but this only seems to work for internal identity stores (at least based on my testing)
    Under my Access Policy Identity tab, I configured the following Advanced features:
    Advanced Options
    If authentication failed
    RejectDropContinue
    If user not found
    RejectDropContinue
    If process failed
    RejectDropContinue
    And that didn't do anything either.
    Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

    Can try the following. Define an attribute to be retrieved from Active Directory and that exists for all objects. When defining the attribute it can be given a default value. Assign a default value which is a value that will never be returned for a real machine entry (eg "DEFAULTVALUE") and give it a "Policy Condition Name"
    Then can make a rule in the authorization policy such as
    If "Policy Condition Name" equals "DEFAULTVALUE" then "DenyAccess"

  • ACS 5.4 and machine authentication

    Hi,
    I am installing ACS 5.4 for WiFI user and using EAP-TLS/ certificate based authentication.
    I have Authorization profile created as shown in attachement.
    Under authorization profile i have selcted "Was Machine Authenticated=True"Condition.
    Somehow clients are not able to connect. When I looked at logs on ACS it shows that the requests are not matching this rule bu default rule.
    As soon as I disable this condition, user gets connected
    I have already selected "Enable Machine Authentication" under AD & "Process host Lookup" in allowed protocol.
    Any Suggesions?
    Regards,
    Shivaji

    Shivaji,
    The purpose of the "wasmachineauthenticated" attribute is for user authentication, this is your typical "chicken or the egg" scenario since machine authentication needs to be performed without this attribute for successful authentication.
    When successful machine authentication occurs there is a MAR cache within ACS uses to track the mac address of the device. In your case you are forcing ACS to look for a "WasMachineAuthenticated" during the initial machine authentication which will not succeed.
    In my experience it is best to set this in environments where users' can only authenticate through registered workstations (typically machines that are joined to AD), so when a user attempts to use their 802.1x credentials on a smart phone or non-registered asset, they get denied since the device does not have machine credentials to join the network.
    I hope this bring some clarification to Edward's recommendation.
    Thanks,
    Tarik Admani
    *Please rate helpful posts*

  • EAP-TLS Vista Machine Authentication to ACS integrated to non AD LDAP

    Hello all,
    I've been working on a scenario with ACS 4.2 (trial) for Proof of Concept to a customer of ACS's abilities.
    His intended network plan is to use Vista Laptops doing Machine authentication only towards a ACS server integrated with a non-microsoft LDAP server. The mechanism of choice is EAP-TLS.
    We've set up the PKI on the right places and it is all up. We do manage to get a user certificate on the PC, authenticate via ACS to the LDAP repository, and everything is good.
    The problem that we are facing is when we want to move to do machine authentication, the behaviour is inconsistent. I'll explain:
    When the first authentication is done, the EAP-Identity requests are always prepended with a "host/". What we see is that the CN of a certificate is TEST, and the Identity request appears as host/TEST. This is no problem to LDAP, as we can get rid of the "host/" part to do the user matching and in fact it does match. After TLS handshake (certificates are ok), ACS tries to check CSDB (the internal ACS db) and afterwards it will follow the unknown user policy and query LDAP.
    All of this appears to be successful the first time.
    If we disassociate the machine, the problems start. The accounting STOP message is never sent.
    Any new authentication will fail with a message that CS user is invalid. The AUTH log shows that ACS will never try again to check LDAP, and invalidates the user right after CSDB check. In fact if we do see the reports for RADIUS, the authenticated user is host/TEST, but if we check the dynamic users, only TEST appears. Even disabling caching for dynamic users the problem remains.
    Does anyone have an idea on how to proceed? If it was possible to handle the machine authentication without the "host/" part, that would be great, as it works.
    My guess is that ACS is getting confused with the host/, as I'm seeing its AUTH logs and I do see some messages like UDB_HOST_DB_FAILURE, after UDB_USER_INVALID.
    IF someone can give me a pointer on how to make this work, or if I'm hitting a bug in ACS.
    Thanks
    Gustavo

    Assuming you're using the stock XP wifi client.
    When running XPSP3, you need to set two things:
    1) force one registry setting.
    According to
    http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc755892%28WS.10%29.aspx#w2k3tr_wir_tools_uzps
    You need to force usage of machine cert-store certificate:
    [HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\EAPOL\Parameters\General\Global]
    "AuthMode"=dword:00000002
    2) add the ACS certificate signing CA to the specific SSID profile "trusted CA".
    - show available wireless networks
    - change advanced settings
    - wireless networks tab
    - select your SSID, and then hit the "properties" button
    - select authentication tab, and then hit "properties" button
    - search for your signing CA, and check the box.
    I did with a not-so-simple autoIT script, using the "native wifi functions" addon.
    Unfortunately I'm not allowed to share the script outside the company, but I'll be more than happy to review yours.
    please cross reference to
    https://supportforums.cisco.com/message/3280232
    for a better description of the whole setup.
    Ivan

  • ACS Machine Authentication Fails Every 30 Days

    Running ACS5.2, Windows XP Pro, Window Server 2003 and Cisco Anyconnect Client. When the machine name password changes between the PC and the AD server the ACS will error out with "24485 Machine authentication against Active Directory has failed because of wrong password"
    TAC has been working with us on this and sees the error in the logs but does not have an answer on with to do to solve this. It has the same problem with Wireless Zero.
    Once the PC is rebooted the error goes away for 30 days. We are in a hospital setting so this is a not just a minor problem

    So it looks like this is the offical Microsoft answer:
    Hello Tom,
    I had a discussion with an escalation resource on this case and updated him on what we found so far, From what  I understand this is a known issue when the client is using PEAP with computer authentication only  and the workarounds to this problem are the 2 solutions lined up in that article that I sent you.
    http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;EN-US;904943
    Regards
    Krishna

  • Machine authentication in Aironet

    i'm trying to authenticate laptops to Active directory before joining wireless AP (aironet 1240A)
    i'm using EAP in AP
    and PEAP with certificates in NPS
    i'm forcing laptops to use "computer authentication" through a GPO
    certificates already deployed to All machines
    policy is configured in NPS with "machine group" condition
    the problem i'm facing that their is some laptops are authenticated successfully while the others are not
    all machines are using windows 7 and located in the same Active Directory OU (same GPO applied)
    here is what i saw in AP after enabling debug radius authentication
    the working machines
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.125: RADIUS/ENCODE(00000009):Orig. component type = DOT11
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.125: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: ssid              [265] 9  
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS:   63 6F 72 70 6F 72 61                             [corpora]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: interface         [157] 3  
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS:   32                                               [2]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS(00000009): Config NAS IP: X.Y.64.229
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS/ENCODE(00000009): acct_session_id: 8
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS(00000009): Config NAS IP: X.Y.64.229
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.126: RADIUS(00000009): sending
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.127: RADIUS(00000009): Send Access-Request to X.Y.64.30:1812 id 1645/8, len 160
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.127: RADIUS:  authenticator AC E6 88 FF CD B5 F3 CE - EA 56 67 37 2F 72 B5 C5
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.127: RADIUS:  User-Name           [1]   23  "host/FADI-LT.domain.com"
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.127: RADIUS:  Framed-MTU          [12]  6   1400               
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:  Called-Station-Id   [30]  16  "0027.0c68.1dc0"
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:  Calling-Station-Id  [31]  16  "0811.9699.ba30"
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:  Service-Type        [6]   6   Login                     [1]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:  Message-Authenticato[80]  18
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:   1C 45 ED 5A 5D 1E DA 88 73 E5 D3 16 9F A2 62 A9  [?E?Z]???s?????b?]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  28
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.128: RADIUS:   02 02 00 1A 01 68 6F 73 74 2F 46 41 44 49 2D 4C  [?????host/FADI-L]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:   54 2E 61 64 61 73 69 2E 61 65                    [T.domain.com]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Type       [61]  6   802.11 wireless           [19]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:  NAS-Port            [5]   6   263                
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Id         [87]  5   "263"
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:  NAS-IP-Address      [4]   6   10.10.64.229       
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.129: RADIUS:  Nas-Identifier      [32]  4   "AP"
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.166: RADIUS: Received from id 1645/8 10.10.64.30:1812, Access-Challenge, len 90
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.167: RADIUS:  authenticator 36 94 18 74 91 6F AA 0E - D4 D7 DC 48 A8 53 43 68
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.167: RADIUS:  Session-Timeout     [27]  6   30                 
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.167: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  8
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.167: RADIUS:   01 03 00 06 0D 20                                [????? ]
    *Mar  4 20:25:34.167: RADIUS:  State               [24]  38
    the non working machines
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS/ENCODE(0000000A):Orig. component type = DOT11
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: ssid              [265] 9  
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS:   63 6F 72 70 6F 72 61                             [corpora]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: interface         [157] 3  
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS:   32                                               [2]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.949: RADIUS(0000000A): Config NAS IP: X.Y.64.229
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.950: RADIUS/ENCODE(0000000A): acct_session_id: 9
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.950: RADIUS(0000000A): Config NAS IP: X.Y.64.229
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.950: RADIUS(0000000A): sending
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.950: RADIUS(0000000A): Send Access-Request to X.Y.64.30:1812 id 1645/11, len 150
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  authenticator 17 64 A0 78 8E 49 12 7C - 79 8A 55 17 79 1F D5 A1
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  User-Name           [1]   18  "domain\username"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  Framed-MTU          [12]  6   1400               
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  Called-Station-Id   [30]  16  "0027.0c68.1dc0"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  Calling-Station-Id  [31]  16  "0022.faf1.9258"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  Service-Type        [6]   6   Login                     [1]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:  Message-Authenticato[80]  18
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.951: RADIUS:   06 FC 55 89 6D 45 AA E5 8A 73 73 2C 82 87 28 BA  [??U?mE???ss,??(?]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  23
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:   02 02 00 15 01 41 44 41 53 49 5C 66 61 64 69 2E  [?????domain\user]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:   61 64 6D 69 6E                                   [name]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Type       [61]  6   802.11 wireless           [19]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:  NAS-Port            [5]   6   264                
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Id         [87]  5   "264"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.952: RADIUS:  NAS-IP-Address      [4]   6   X.Y.64.229       
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.953: RADIUS:  Nas-Identifier      [32]  4   "AP"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.980: RADIUS: Received from id 1645/11 X.Y.64.30:1812, Access-Challenge, len 90
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.980: RADIUS:  authenticator 54 84 DD 91 72 03 E9 08 - EA 61 C0 B3 B5 D6 9A 42
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.981: RADIUS:  Session-Timeout     [27]  6   30                 
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.981: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  8
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.981: RADIUS:   01 03 00 06 0D 20                                [????? ]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.981: RADIUS:  State               [24]  38
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.981: RADIUS:   15 D3 02 D9 00 00 01 37 00 01 02 00 0A 0A 40 1E  [???????7??????@?]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.982: RADIUS:   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08  [????????????????]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.982: RADIUS:   55 9E B9 77                                      [U??w]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.982: RADIUS:  Message-Authenticato[80]  18
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.982: RADIUS:   1A EC 06 E6 E0 46 C4 06 15 87 E9 26 30 49 63 47  [?????F?????&0IcG]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.983: RADIUS(0000000A): Received from id 1645/11
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.983: RADIUS/DECODE: EAP-Message fragments, 6, total 6 bytes
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.986: RADIUS/ENCODE(0000000A):Orig. component type = DOT11
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.986: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: ssid              [265] 9  
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.986: RADIUS:   63 6F 72 70 6F 72 61                             [corpora]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS:  AAA Unsupported Attr: interface         [157] 3  
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS:   32                                               [2]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS(0000000A): Config NAS IP: X.Y..64.229
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS/ENCODE(0000000A): acct_session_id: 9
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS(0000000A): Config NAS IP: X.Y..64.229
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.987: RADIUS(0000000A): sending
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS(0000000A): Send Access-Request to 10.10.64.30:1812 id 1645/12, len 173
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  authenticator 37 26 0B EC 12 5D 6A E5 - 22 1A 27 4A B0 5B E2 AA
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  User-Name           [1]   18  "domain\username"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  Framed-MTU          [12]  6   1400               
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  Called-Station-Id   [30]  16  "0027.0c68.1dc0"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  Calling-Station-Id  [31]  16  "0022.faf1.9258"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  Service-Type        [6]   6   Login                     [1]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.988: RADIUS:  Message-Authenticato[80]  18
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:   3D 11 05 D8 6E DF 92 2B 51 EC BA BA FB C4 10 5F  [=???n??+Q??????_]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  8
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:   02 03 00 06 03 19                                [??????]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Type       [61]  6   802.11 wireless           [19]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:  NAS-Port            [5]   6   264                
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:  NAS-Port-Id         [87]  5   "264"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.989: RADIUS:  State               [24]  38
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.990: RADIUS:   15 D3 02 D9 00 00 01 37 00 01 02 00 0A 0A 40 1E  [???????7??????@?]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.990: RADIUS:   00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 08  [????????????????]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.990: RADIUS:   55 9E B9 77                                      [U??w]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.990: RADIUS:  NAS-IP-Address      [4]   6   X.Y.64.229       
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.990: RADIUS:  Nas-Identifier      [32]  4   "AP"
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.992: RADIUS: Received from id 1645/12 10.10.64.30:1812, Access-Reject, len 44
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.992: RADIUS:  authenticator 76 30 DF F4 7A 36 AC E7 - 20 AA 83 C1 05 8B 62 EC
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.992: RADIUS:  EAP-Message         [79]  6
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.993: RADIUS:   04 03 00 04                                      [????]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.993: RADIUS:  Message-Authenticato[80]  18
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.993: RADIUS:   FD 21 74 AF A8 7F A1 A5 9E CE 3A 35 45 DA EA C9  [?!t???????:5E???]
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.993: RADIUS(0000000A): Received from id 1645/12
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.994: RADIUS/DECODE: EAP-Message fragments, 4, total 4 bytes
    *Mar  4 20:26:18.994: %DOT11-7-AUTH_FAILED: Station 0022.faf1.9258 Authentication failed
    obviously the machine who send machine name (host\machinename) will be authenticated successfully
    and machines who send username (domain\username) will not be authenticated successfully
    now
    i tested those unsuccessful machines in a wired  dot1x switch using the same NPS policy and they were sending their machine names instead of usernames and they were authenticated successfully
    i suspected that this is maybe because of the AP config
    here it is
    Current configuration : 2662 bytes
    version 12.4
    no service pad
    service timestamps debug datetime msec
    service timestamps log datetime msec
    service password-encryption
    hostname AP
    enable secret 5 $1$gtul$Uhe4qVAC8GN0drownggAb0
    aaa new-model
    aaa group server radius rad_eap
     server X.Y.64.30 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813
    aaa group server radius rad_mac
    aaa group server radius rad_acct
    aaa group server radius rad_admin
    aaa group server tacacs+ tac_admin
    aaa group server radius rad_pmip
    aaa group server radius dummy
    aaa authentication login eap_methods group rad_eap
    aaa authentication login mac_methods local
    aaa authorization exec default local
    aaa accounting network acct_methods start-stop group rad_acct
    aaa session-id common
    ip domain name domain
    dot11 ssid corporate
       vlan 64
       authentication open eap eap_methods
       authentication network-eap eap_methods
       authentication key-management wpa version 2
       mbssid guest-mode
    dot11 network-map
    power inline negotiation prestandard source
    username Cisco password 7 13261E010803
    bridge irb
    interface Dot11Radio0
     no ip address
     no ip route-cache
     encryption mode ciphers aes-ccm
     encryption vlan 64 mode ciphers aes-ccm
     ssid corporate
     mbssid
     station-role root
    interface Dot11Radio0.64
     encapsulation dot1Q 64 native
     no ip route-cache
     bridge-group 1
     bridge-group 1 subscriber-loop-control
     bridge-group 1 block-unknown-source
     no bridge-group 1 source-learning
     no bridge-group 1 unicast-flooding
     bridge-group 1 spanning-disabled
    interface Dot11Radio1
     no ip address
     no ip route-cache
     shutdown
     no dfs band block
     channel dfs
     station-role root
     bridge-group 1
     bridge-group 1 subscriber-loop-control
     bridge-group 1 block-unknown-source
     no bridge-group 1 source-learning
     no bridge-group 1 unicast-flooding
     bridge-group 1 spanning-disabled
    interface FastEthernet0
     no ip address
     no ip route-cache
     duplex auto
     speed auto
    interface FastEthernet0.64
     encapsulation dot1Q 64 native
     no ip route-cache
     bridge-group 1
     no bridge-group 1 source-learning
     bridge-group 1 spanning-disabled
    interface BVI1
     ip address X.Y.64.229 255.255.255.0
     no ip route-cache
    ip default-gateway X.Y.64.1
    ip http server
    no ip http secure-server
    ip http help-path http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/779/smbiz/prodconfig/help/eag
    ip radius source-interface BVI1
    snmp-server community cable RO
    snmp-server enable traps tty
    radius-server attribute 32 include-in-access-req format %h
    radius-server host X.Y.64.30 auth-port 1812 acct-port 1813 key 7 104F0D18161E2D1E0D071538212B213036
    radius-server vsa send accounting
    bridge 1 route ip
    line con 0
    line vty 5 15
    end

    Hi,
    You will need o be more specific so we can help you.
    What exactly is happening/not working?
    Please keep in mind that with MAR, the PC needs to do machine authentication prior to user login, as the ACS will only allow users to login from previously authenticated machines.
    Is your PC doing machine authentication?
    HTH,
    Tiag
    If  this helps you and/or answers your question please mark the question as  "answered" and/or rate it, so other users can easily find it.

  • ISE Wired Central Web Authentication no url redirect

    We are setting up ISE for wired guest accest but are having trouble with the client being redirected.  The switch gets the download from ISE and shows that it should use the URL redirect with the correct ACL.
    ISEtest3560#show authentication sessions interface fastEthernet 0/2
                Interface:  FastEthernet0/2
              MAC Address:  001d.09cb.78bd
               IP Address:  Unknown
                User-Name:  00-1D-09-CB-78-BD
                   Status:  Authz Success
                   Domain:  DATA
          Security Policy:  Should Secure
          Security Status:  Unsecure
           Oper host mode:  multi-auth
         Oper control dir:  both
            Authorized By:  Authentication Server
               Vlan Group:  N/A
                  ACS ACL:  xACSACLx-IP-ISE-Only-52434fbe
         URL Redirect ACL:  ACL-WEBAUTH-REDIRECT
             URL Redirect:  https://REMOVED.Domain.corp:8443/guestportal/gateway?sessionId=0A0003E600000039064485B1&action=cwa
          Session timeout:  N/A
             Idle timeout:  N/A
        Common Session ID:  0A0003E600000039064485B1
          Acct Session ID:  0x00000293
                   Handle:  0x95000039
    Runnable methods list:
           Method   State
           dot1x    Failed over
           mab      Authc Success
    From the client pc I can get name resolution for anything I ping.  I also can ping the ise server by name.  The ACL that is downloaded it as follows:
    Extended IP access list xACSACLx-IP-ISE-Only-52434fbe (per-user)
        10 permit udp any eq bootpc any eq bootps
        20 permit udp any any eq domain
        30 permit ip any host 10.4.37.91
        40 deny ip any any log
    Extended IP access list ACL-WEBAUTH-REDIRECT
        10 deny udp any eq bootpc any eq bootps
        20 deny udp any any eq domain
        30 deny ip any host 10.4.37.91
        40 permit tcp any any eq www (13 matches)
        50 permit tcp any any eq 443
        51 permit tcp any any eq 8443
        60 deny ip any any
    The machine passes the Authentication with MAB and hits the CWA Authorization profile, ISE shows the cient as "Pending" then the next entry above that is the log is the dACL getting pushed to the switch.  Could part of the issue be that the device shows Unknown for IP address?  The command ip device tracking is in the swtich:
    ISEtest3560#show running-config | include tracking
    ip device tracking
    ISEtest3560#
    We have 802.1x clients working and the IP address for those do show up..
    Please advise,
    Thanks,
    Joe

    ISEtest3560#show ip access-lists interface fastEthernet 0/2       
    ISEtest3560#
    Doesn't appear the dacl is being applied. 
    interface FastEthernet0/2
    switchport access vlan 11
    switchport mode access
    ip access-group ACL-DEFAULT in
    authentication event fail action next-method
    authentication event server dead action reinitialize vlan 999
    authentication event server alive action reinitialize
    authentication host-mode multi-auth
    authentication open
    authentication order dot1x mab webauth
    authentication priority dot1x mab webauth
    authentication port-control auto
    authentication violation restrict
    mab
    dot1x pae authenticator
    dot1x timeout tx-period 10
    spanning-tree portfast
    spanning-tree guard root
    Extended IP access list ACL-DEFAULT
        10 permit udp any eq bootpc any eq bootps
        20 permit udp any any eq domain
        30 permit icmp any any
        40 permit udp any any eq tftp
        41 permit ip any host 10.4.37.91
        50 deny ip any any log (1059 matches)
    Could the dACL being causing the issue with the Unknown, or is the Unknow causing the issue with the dACL?
    Thanks,
    Joe

  • ISE 1.1 - 24492 Machine authentication against AD has failed

    We implement Cisco ISE 802.1X and Machine Authentication With EAP-TLS.
    Authentication Summary
    Logged At:
    March 11,2015 7:00:13.374 AM
    RADIUS Status:
    RADIUS Request dropped : 24492 Machine authentication against Active Directory has failed
    NAS Failure:
    Username:
    [email protected]
    MAC/IP Address:
    00:26:82:F1:E6:32
    Network Device:
    WLC : 192.168.1.225 :  
    Allowed Protocol:
    TDS-PEAP-TLS
    Identity Store:
    AD1
    Authorization Profiles:
    SGA Security Group:
    Authentication Protocol :
    EAP-TLS
     Authentication Result
    RadiusPacketType=Drop
     AuthenticationResult=Error
     Related Events
     Authentication Details
    Logged At:
    March 11,2015 7:00:13.374 AM
    Occurred At:
    March 11,2015 7:00:13.374 AM
    Server:
    ISE-TDS
    Authentication Method:
    dot1x
    EAP Authentication Method :
    EAP-TLS
    EAP Tunnel Method :
    Username:
    [email protected]
    RADIUS Username :
    host/LENOVO-PC.tdsouth.com
    Calling Station ID:
    00:26:82:F1:E6:32
    Framed IP Address:
    Use Case:
    Network Device:
    WLC
    Network Device Groups:
    Device Type#All Device Types,Location#All Locations
    NAS IP Address:
    192.168.1.225
    NAS Identifier:
    WLC-TDS
    NAS Port:
    4
    NAS Port ID:
    NAS Port Type:
    Wireless - IEEE 802.11
    Allowed Protocol:
    TDS-PEAP-TLS
    Service Type:
    Framed
    Identity Store:
    AD1
    Authorization Profiles:
    Active Directory Domain:
    tdsouth.com
    Identity Group:
    Allowed Protocol Selection Matched Rule:
    TDS-WLAN-DOT1X-EAP-TLS
    Identity Policy Matched Rule:
    Default
    Selected Identity Stores:
    Authorization Policy Matched Rule:
    SGA Security Group:
    AAA Session ID:
    ISE-TDS/215430381/40
    Audit Session ID:
    c0a801e10000007f54ffe828
    Tunnel Details:
    Cisco-AVPairs:
    audit-session-id=c0a801e10000007f54ffe828
    Other Attributes:
    ConfigVersionId=7,Device Port=32768,DestinationPort=1812,RadiusPacketType=AccessRequest,Protocol=Radius,Framed-MTU=1300,State=37CPMSessionID=c0a801e10000007f54ffe828;30SessionID=ISE-TDS/215430381/40;,Airespace-Wlan-Id=1,CPMSessionID=c0a801e10000007f54ffe828,EndPointMACAddress=00-26-82-F1-E6-32,GroupsOrAttributesProcessFailure=true,Device Type=Device Type#All Device Types,Location=Location#All Locations,Device IP Address=192.168.1.225,Called-Station-ID=e0-d1-73-28-a7-70:TDS-Corp
    Posture Status:
    EPS Status:
     Steps
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11017  RADIUS created a new session
    Evaluating Service Selection Policy
    15048  Queried PIP
    15048  Queried PIP
    15048  Queried PIP
    15048  Queried PIP
    15004  Matched rule
    11507  Extracted EAP-Response/Identity
    12500  Prepared EAP-Request proposing EAP-TLS with challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12502  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response and accepting EAP-TLS as negotiated
    12800  Extracted first TLS record; TLS handshake started
    12805  Extracted TLS ClientHello message
    12806  Prepared TLS ServerHello message
    12807  Prepared TLS Certificate message
    12809  Prepared TLS CertificateRequest message
    12505  Prepared EAP-Request with another EAP-TLS challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12504  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response
    12505  Prepared EAP-Request with another EAP-TLS challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12504  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response
    12505  Prepared EAP-Request with another EAP-TLS challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12504  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response
    12505  Prepared EAP-Request with another EAP-TLS challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12504  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response
    12571  ISE will continue to CRL verification if it is configured for specific CA
    12571  ISE will continue to CRL verification if it is configured for specific CA
    12811  Extracted TLS Certificate message containing client certificate
    12812  Extracted TLS ClientKeyExchange message
    12813  Extracted TLS CertificateVerify message
    12804  Extracted TLS Finished message
    12801  Prepared TLS ChangeCipherSpec message
    12802  Prepared TLS Finished message
    12816  TLS handshake succeeded
    12509  EAP-TLS full handshake finished successfully
    12505  Prepared EAP-Request with another EAP-TLS challenge
    11006  Returned RADIUS Access-Challenge
    11001  Received RADIUS Access-Request
    11018  RADIUS is re-using an existing session
    12504  Extracted EAP-Response containing EAP-TLS challenge-response
    Evaluating Identity Policy
    15006  Matched Default Rule
    24433  Looking up machine/host in Active Directory - [email protected]
    24492  Machine authentication against Active Directory has failed
    22059  The advanced option that is configured for process failure is used
    22062  The 'Drop' advanced option is configured in case of a failed authentication request
    But the user can authenticated by EAP-TLS
    AAA Protocol > RADIUS Authentication Detail
    RADIUS Audit Session ID : 
    c0a801e10000007f54ffe828
    AAA session ID : 
    ISE-TDS/215430381/59
    Date : 
    March     11,2015
    Generated on March 11, 2015 2:48:43 PM ICT
    Actions
    Troubleshoot Authentication 
    View Diagnostic MessagesAudit Network Device Configuration 
    View Network Device Configuration 
    View Server Configuration Changes
    Authentication Summary
    Logged At:
    March 11,2015 7:27:32.475 AM
    RADIUS Status:
    Authentication succeeded
    NAS Failure:
    Username:
    [email protected]
    MAC/IP Address:
    00:26:82:F1:E6:32
    Network Device:
    WLC : 192.168.1.225 :  
    Allowed Protocol:
    TDS-PEAP-TLS
    Identity Store:
    AD1
    Authorization Profiles:
    TDS-WLAN-PERMIT-ALL
    SGA Security Group:
    Authentication Protocol :
    EAP-TLS
     Authentication Result
    [email protected]
     State=ReauthSession:c0a801e10000007f54ffe828
     Class=CACS:c0a801e10000007f54ffe828:ISE-TDS/215430381/59
     Termination-Action=RADIUS-Request
     cisco-av-pair=ACS:CiscoSecure-Defined-ACL=#ACSACL#-IP-PERMIT_ALL_TRAFFIC-508adc03
     MS-MPPE-Send-Key=5a:9a:ca:b0:0b:2a:fe:7d:fc:2f:8f:d8:96:25:50:bb:c8:7d:91:ba:4c:09:63:57:3e:6e:4e:93:5d:5c:b0:5d
     MS-MPPE-Recv-Key=24:fa:8d:c3:65:94:d8:29:77:aa:71:93:05:1b:0f:a5:58:f8:a2:9c:d0:0e:80:2d:b6:12:ae:c3:8c:46:22:48
     Airespace-Wlan-Id=1
     Related Events
     Authentication Details
    Logged At:
    March 11,2015 7:27:32.475 AM
    Occurred At:
    March 11,2015 7:27:32.474 AM
    Server:
    ISE-TDS
    Authentication Method:
    dot1x
    EAP Authentication Method :
    EAP-TLS
    EAP Tunnel Method :
    Username:
    [email protected]
    RADIUS Username :
    [email protected]
    Calling Station ID:
    00:26:82:F1:E6:32
    Framed IP Address:
    Use Case:
    Network Device:
    WLC
    Network Device Groups:
    Device Type#All Device Types,Location#All Locations
    NAS IP Address:
    192.168.1.225
    NAS Identifier:
    WLC-TDS
    NAS Port:
    4
    NAS Port ID:
    NAS Port Type:
    Wireless - IEEE 802.11
    Allowed Protocol:

    Hello,
    I am analyzing your question and seeing the ISE logs i can see that the machine credentials was LENOVO-PC. Do you have shure that these credentials has in your Active Directory to validate this machine ? The machine certificate has the correct machine credentials from the domain ? The group mapped in the ISE rule has the machine inside this group ?
    Differently from the user authentication that happens with success because the domain credentials can be validate from the Active Directory and get access to the network.

Maybe you are looking for

  • A List on the pageFlow in a portlet (8.1)

    When I put a java.util.List on the pageFlow, workshop complains that it's not Serializable. The annoying this is that the log also reports this warning. Is it possible to make weblogic ignore this and only this warning? My business tier's session bea

  • BPM 11.1.1.7 Oracle Web Forms Error

    Hi, I have successfully installed Oracle BPM 11.1.1.7 on 32 bit Window machine. Under BPM Composer, when I tried to create new Web Forms(follows BPM Composer User Guide- Chapter 3), I am getting this error message: Error getting form: LeaveRequestFor

  • How can delete?

    Hi, i have a lot of projects in http://<server>:<port>/webdynpro/welcome  how can delete anything? If i delete in the developer studio, the project continuos in http://<server>:<port>/webdynpro/welcome Thanks,

  • Dynamic table declaration in FM

    Hi Geeks, I am calling a FM from a program where the FM should get the structure data and set that data into a single line with delimiters and send it out. The table structure can be anything. So how can I declare that table structure data (in tables

  • I Used To Use Windows?

    I have only switched to Mac recently. The MBP is my first Mac. I never understood the hype until now. I used to anticipate new Windows operating systems, like Vista would really excite me in the past. Now it doesn't phase me as Windows seems to be tr