Difference between data dictionary and data base

Hi,
Please give me clear view on data dictionary and data base.
Thanks
margani

Hi Margini,
Please check the forms u can find the lot of answers
Here is a link
http://www.sapdb.info/abap-data-dictionary/
What is a data dictionary?
Data Dictionary is a central source of data in a data management system. Its main function is to support the creation and management of data definitions. It has details about
·            what data is contained?
·            What are the attributes of the data?
·            What is the relationship existing between the various data elements?
Best regards,
raam

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What is difference between data base structure and stucure in program

what is difference between data base structure and stucure declared in program level . can explain cleary if knows

Hi,
Data base structure is global decalaration you can reffer this structure in any of your developments, when ever you cahange this structure the changes automatically will get updated in all the programs.
coming to structures in program it is local to your program only, if you want to change the structure again you have to open the program and do the necessary changes.
Reward if useful.
Thanks,
Sreeram.

What is the difference between data base objects and runtime objects

What is the difference between data base objects and runtime objects

Hi raja,
data base objects means u can have the presence of these objects in the database.So the tables,searchhelps,structures,lockobjects comes under these ones.
Runtime objects are created and destroyed after the program ends, any changes we make to them are temporary only.
regards,
nagaraj
Message was edited by: nagaraj kumar nishtala

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Hi all,
can any body please say me the difference between Data Dictionay and ABAP/4 dictionary
Ranjith

Check this PDF:
http://www.sappoint.com/faq/faqabdic.pdf#search=%22Data%20Dictionary%20and%20ABAP%2F4%20dictionary%22
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Whats basic difference between data and types while declearing the itab

whats basic difference between data and types while declearing the internal tables...
DATA : BEGIN OF t_vbap OCCURS 0,
vbeln1 LIKE vbap-vbeln,
posnr LIKE vbap-posnr,
kwmeng LIKE vbap-kwmeng,
netpr LIKE vbap-netpr,
netwr LIKE vbap-netwr,
werks LIKE vbap-werks,
matnr LIKE vbap-matnr,
arktx LIKE vbap-arktx,
   END OF t_vbap.
vs
   TYPES : BEGIN OF t_vbap,
vbeln1 LIKE vbap-vbeln,
posnr LIKE vbap-posnr,
kwmeng LIKE vbap-kwmeng,
netpr LIKE vbap-netpr,
netwr LIKE vbap-netwr,
werks LIKE vbap-werks,
matnr LIKE vbap-matnr,
arktx LIKE vbap-arktx,
   END OF t_vbap.
and vs
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_vbap,
vbeln1 LIKE vbeln,
posnr LIKE posnr,
kwmeng LIKE kwmeng,
netpr LIKE netpr,
netwr LIKE netwr,
werks LIKE werks,
matnr LIKE matnr,
arktx LIKE arktx,
   END OF t_vbap.

hi,
like -> used for refering existing data elements in data dictionary or in sap
type -> used for refering existing data types in sap.
types: used for creating used defined structure of tables which has fields from more tahn one table.
diff b/w types and type in creation of internal tables is that when u create a table with types then u can use same for work area creation also.
ex:
TYPES : BEGIN OF t_vbap,
vbeln1 LIKE vbeln,
posnr LIKE posnr,
kwmeng LIKE kwmeng,
netpr LIKE netpr,
netwr LIKE netwr,
werks LIKE werks,
matnr LIKE matnr,
arktx LIKE arktx,
END OF t_vbap.
data: itab1 type t_vbap
        wa_itab1 type t_vbap.
when type is used then u have to create a defintion of work area for another time when internal table doesnt have headr line as
ex:
DATA : BEGIN OF t_vbap OCCURS 0,
vbeln1 LIKE vbap-vbeln,
posnr LIKE vbap-posnr,
kwmeng LIKE vbap-kwmeng,
netpr LIKE vbap-netpr,
netwr LIKE vbap-netwr,
werks LIKE vbap-werks,
matnr LIKE vbap-matnr,
arktx LIKE vbap-arktx,
END OF t_vbap.
DATA : BEGIN OF wa_vbap,
vbeln1 LIKE vbap-vbeln,
posnr LIKE vbap-posnr,
kwmeng LIKE vbap-kwmeng,
netpr LIKE vbap-netpr,
netwr LIKE vbap-netwr,
werks LIKE vbap-werks,
matnr LIKE vbap-matnr,
arktx LIKE vbap-arktx,
END OF wa_vbap.
if helpful reward soem points.
with regards,
suresh.

Difference Between Data Type and Data Object

Difference Between Data Type and Data Object

hi magesh
Data types can be divided into
elementary,
reference, and
complex types.
Elementary Types
Elementary types are the smallest indivisible unit of types. They can be grouped as those with fixed length and those with variable length.
Fixed-Length Elementary Types
There are eight predefined types in ABAP with fixed length:
Four character types:
Character (C),
Numeric character (N),
Date (D),
and Time (T).
One hexadecimal type:
Byte field (X).
Three numeric types:
Integer (I),
Floating-point number (F)
and Packed number (P).
Variable-Length Elementary Types
There are two predefined types in ABAP with variable length:
STRING for character strings
XSTRING for byte strings
Reference Types
Reference types
describe data objects that contain references (pointers) to other objects (data objects and objects in ABAP Objects).
Data Types
1) As well as occurring as attributes of a data object, data types can also be defined independently.
2)You can then use them later on in conjunction with a data object.
3) The definition of a user-defined data type is based on a set of predefined elementary data types.
4) You can define data types either locally in the declaration part of a program using the TYPESstatement) or globally in the ABAP Dictionary.
5) You can use your own data types to declare data objects or to check the types of parameters in generic operations.
Data Objects
1)Data objects are the physical units with which ABAP statements work at runtime.
2) The contents of a data object occupy memory space in the program.
3) ABAP statements access these contents by addressing the name of the data object and interpret them according to the data type..
4) For example, statements can write the contents of data objects in lists or in the database, they can pass them to and receive them from routines, they can change them by assigning new values, and they can compare them in logical expressions.
5) Each ABAP data object has a set of technical attributes, which are fully defined at all times when an ABAP program is running (field length, number of decimal places, and data type).
6) You declare data objects either statically in the declaration part of an ABAP program (the most important statement for this is DATA), or dynamically at runtime (for example, when you call procedures).
7) As well as fields in the memory area of the program, the program also treats literals like data objects.
hope this helps u,
reward points if useful
Ginni

Differences between DATA TYPE and DATA OBJECTS

I am new to ABAP,I want to know the differences between DATA TYPE and DATA OBJECTS with some examples.
please help me regarding this.

Hi Ashish,
Data Types:       Are pure descriptions.
               No memory is associated with data types.
               Describes the technical properties of data objects.
EX.
1.     C-CHARACTER
2.     D-DATE
3.     F-FLOAT
4.     I-INTEGER
5.     N-NUMERIC TEXT
6.     T-TIME
7.     P-PACKED NUMBER
8.     X-HEXADECIMAL
9.     STRING-Variable length string.
10.     XSTRING-Variable length byte string.
Data Objects: Are created during runtime.
                They cannot exist without the data Types.
                Occupies memory space.
EX:
1.     INTERNAL DATA OBJECT- Internal Data objects
     LITEERAL- A literal has a fixed value.Ex: WRITE:u201DWORK HARDu201D.
     VARIABLES: Data statement is used to create variables.
EX.DATA: NUM TYPE I.
NUM: VARIABLE defined by data statement.
EX: DATA: PRICE LIKE NUM.
     CONSTANT-It is a data object, which contains a constant value throughout the program.
Can be declared in program by using CONSTANT statement.
EX:CONSTANT: INT TYPE I VALUE 15.
2.     EXTERNAL DATA OBJECT: Are defined in tables i.e In ABAP/4 dictionary you can access this data from table.
         EX: TABLES: SFLIGHT
          DATA: SEATS LIKE SFLIGHT-SEATSMAX.
3.     SYSTEM DEFINED DATA OBJECTS:Space & system variables like SY-UNAME,SY-DATUM, SY-REPID.
4.     SPECIAL DATA OBJECTS:
     PARAMETERS: Are Variables ,which can accept value from user.
      SELECTION SCREEN : Are special internal tables to accept value ranges from user.
3 APPROACHES TO DEFINE DATA OBJECTS.
1.     ELEMENTARY TYPES
DATA: Customer _Name (25) TYPE C,
               Vendor_Name (25) TYPE C.
2.     REFRENCE TO AN EXISTING FIELD:
DATA: Customer _Name2 (25) TYPE C,
              Vendor_Name2 (25) LIKE Customer_Name2
3.     REFRENCE TO NON-ELEMENTARY TYPE:
TYPES: T_NAME (25) TYPE C
DATA: CUSTOMER_NAME TYPE T_NAME
               VENDOR_NAME TYPE T_NAME
4.     RECORD-Information in rows & columns.
DATA: BEGIN OF BOOKING,
                                ID (4) TYPE C,
                                FLIGHT_DATE TYPE D,
                                NAME LIKE CUSTOMER_NAME,
                                END OF BOOKING.
You can also look into SAP help for more information.
Regards,
Indu.

Difference between sy-datum and any given date

Dear Friends;
I have one query regarding DATE I wanna calculate the difference between
SY-DATUM and ANY GIVEN DATE . Is there any function or code available that take one parameter as sy-datum and another parameter as any given date and give result as no. of days between them
Regards;
Parag

DATA: DATEDIFF TYPE P.
CALL FUNCTION 'SD_DATETIME_DIFFERENCE'
EXPORTING
    date1                 = '20071122'
    time1                 = '000001'
    date2                 = '20070905'
    time2                 = '000001'
IMPORTING
   DATEDIFF               = DATEDIFF
EXCEPTIONS
   INVALID_DATETIME       = 1
   OTHERS                 = 2.
Greetings,
Blag.

The difference between FIELD-SYMBOL and normal DATA TYPE

Dear experts,
Please see the example below, both are output the same result.
DATA: EXTERNAL_RECORD(4000),
 POSITION TYPE I,
 LENGTH TYPE N,
 ENTRY TYPE STRING.
EXTERNAL_RECORD = '0005Smith0007Edwards0005Young'.
DO.
LENGTH = EXTERNAL_RECORD+POSITION(4).
IF LENGTH = 0.
 EXIT.
ENDIF.
ADD 4 TO POSITION.
MOVE EXTERNAL_RECORD+POSITION(LENGTH) TO ENTRY.
WRITE ENTRY.
ADD LENGTH TO POSITION.
IF POSITION >= 4000.
 EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
--OR It can be written as--
DATA: EXTERNAL_RECORD(4000),
 POSITION TYPE I,
 LENGTH TYPE N.
FIELD-SYMBOLS <ENTRY>.
EXTERNAL_RECORD = '0005Smith0007Edwards0005Young'.
DO.
LENGTH = EXTERNAL_RECORD+POSITION(4).
IF LENGTH = 0.
 EXIT.
ENDIF.
ADD 4 TO POSITION.
ASSIGN EXTERNAL_RECORD+POSITION(LENGTH) TO <ENTRY>.
WRITE <ENTRY>.
ADD LENGTH TO POSITION.
IF POSITION >= 4000.
 EXIT.
ENDIF.
ENDDO.
Is there any special circumstances we need to use FIELD-SYMBOL?
Why is FIELD-SYMBOL is introduce in the first place?
Kindly advice with example.
Thanks in advance for those who can help me on this.

HI,
You can use field symbols to make the program more dynamic. In this example the name of a table control is substituted by a field symbol. Thus you cal call the form with any internal table, using the name of the table control as a parameter.
Example
form insert_row
using p_tc_name.
field-symbols <tc> type cxtab_control. "Table control
assign (p_tc_name) to <tc>.
insert 100 lines in table control
<tc>-lines = 100.
Field symbols allow you to:
** Assign an alias to a data object(for example, a shortened
 name for data objects structured through several hierarchies
 - <fs>-f instead of rec1-rec2-rec3-f)
** Set the offset and length for a string variably at runtime
** Set a pointer to a data object that you determine at runtime (dynamic ASSIGN)
** Adopt or change the type of a field dynamically at runtime
** Access components of a structure
** (from Release 4.5A) Point to lines of an internal table
 (process internal tables without a separate work area)
Field symbols in ABAP are similar to pointers in other programming
languages. However, pointers (as used in PASCAL or C) differ from ABAP
field symbols in their reference syntax.
The statement ASSIGN f to <fs> assigns the field f to field
symbol <fs>. The field symbol <fs> then "points" to the
contents of field f at runtime. This means that all changes to the
contents of f are visible in <fs> and vice versa. You declare
the field symbol <fs> using the statement FIELD-SYMBOLS: <fs>.
Reference syntax
Programming languages such as PASCAL and C use a dereferencing symbol
to indicate the difference between a reference and the object to which
it refers; so PASCAL would use p^ for a pointer instead of p, C would
use *p instead of p. ABAP does not have any such dereferencing symbol.
** In PASCAL or C, if you assign a pointer p1 to a pointer p2,
you force p1 to point to the object to which p2 refers (reference semantics).
** In ABAP, if you assign a field symbol <fs1> to a field
symbol <fs2>, <fs1> takes the value of the data object to
which <fs2> refers (value semantics).
** Field symbols in ABAP are always dereferenced, that is,
they always access the referenced data object. If you want to
change the reference yourself in ABAP, you can use the ASSIGN statement
to assign field symbol <fs1> to field symbol <fs2>.
Using field symbols
You declare field symbols using the FIELD-SYMBOLS statement.
They may be declared either with or without a specific type.
At runtime you assign a field to the field symbol using the ASSIGN
statement. All of the operations on the field symbol act on the field
assigned to it.
When you assign a field to an untyped field symbol, the field symbol
adopts the type of the field. If, on the other hand, you want to assign
a field to a typed field symbol, the type of the field and that of the
field symbol must be compatible.
A field symbol can point to any data object and from Release 4.5A,
they can also point to lines of internal tables.
The brackets (<>) are part of the syntax.
Use the expression <fs> IS ASSIGNED to find out whether the field
symbol <fs> is assigned to a field.
The statement UNASSIGN <fs> sets the field symbol <fs> so
that it points to nothing. The logical expression <fs>
IS ASSIGNED is then false. The corresponding negative expression
is IF NOT <fs> IS ASSIGNED.
An unassigned field symbol <fs> behaves as a constant with
type C(1) and initial value SPACE.
MOVE <fs>
TO dest Transfers the initial value SPACE to the variable dest
MOVE 'A' to <fs>
Not possible, since <fs> is a constant
(runtime error).
To lift a type restriction, use the CASTING addition in the
ASSIGN statement. The data object is then interpreted as though
it had the data type of the field symbol. You can also do this
with untyped field symbols using the CASTING TYPE <type> addition.
The danger with pointers is that they may point to invalid areas.
This danger is not so acute in ABAP, because the language does not
use address arithmetic (for example, in other languages, pointer p
might point to address 1024. After the statement p = p + 10, it would
point to the address 1034). However, the danger does still exist, and
memory protection violations lead to runtime errors.
A pointer in ABAP may not point beyond a segment boundary. ABAP does
not have one large address space, but rather a set of segments.
Each of the following has its own segment:
* All global data
* All local data
* Each table work area (TABLES)
* Each COMMON PART
You should only let field symbols move within an elementary field or
structure where ABAP allows you to assign both within the global data
and beyond a field boundary.
Rgds
Umakanth

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Thanks in advance.
Raj

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Hi,
I need to create a counter kf which should populate 1 and 0 to this counter field. Please let me know is there any difference between data type
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Please suggest.
Thanks & Regards,
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Thanks

Difference between Data Class and Delivery Class

What is the Difference between Data Class and Delivery Class , what happens Phisically to the Data .
Moderator message: what is the difference between your question and a question that we'd welcome here in the forums?
[Rules of engagement|http://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/HOME/RulesofEngagement]
Edited by: Thomas Zloch on Nov 22, 2010 1:17 PM

What is the Difference between Data Class and Delivery Class , what happens Phisically to the Data .
Moderator message: what is the difference between your question and a question that we'd welcome here in the forums?
[Rules of engagement|http://wiki.sdn.sap.com/wiki/display/HOME/RulesofEngagement]
Edited by: Thomas Zloch on Nov 22, 2010 1:17 PM

Difference between data dictionary and data base

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